CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 RESEARCH DESIGN

The descriptive survey research method is employed in this study. This method is

considered to be relevant to the study because the method does not only consider the

sample size of the population, but also ensure that the resultant sample sufficiently

represents the population. This method constitutes a class of empirical studies with

human beings, organization and groups.

The descriptive survey design helped in adopting a variety of data and information

gathering instruments needed as a basis for generalizing the research findings. This

method is necessary for generating information directly from the sample objects.

3.2 AREA OF STUDY

The area of the study is Cocoa Industry, Ile Oluji, Ondo State. It is located in the south

west of Nigeria. The choice of this area of study is due to their educational, technological

and infrastructural development.

3.3 POPULATION OF THE STUDY

The population for this study will made up of selected staff of Cocoa Industry, Ile Oluji

which numbered sixty-five (65). Questionnaires would be distributed to active employees

of Cocoa industry, Ile Oluji.

3.4 SAMPLE SIZE AND SAMPLING TECHNIQUE

In this study, random sampling technique was adopted for this study to ensure that all

sample elements have equal chances of being chosen, this is to ensure that, a

corresponding and reliable result that can be generalized. It ensures that the sample is

representative in the characteristics used to form the study. The purpose of this study is to

obtain a sample that is representative of the larger population in getting the respondents

to respond to the questionnaires. This study was intended to cover the entire employees

of Cocoa Industry, Ile Oluji, but since the employees of the company could not by

surveyed based, a sample of sixty-eight (65) staff were selected using judgmental

sampling technique. A sum of fifty-nine (59) questionnaire was answered and was

returned.

3.5 INSTRUMENT FOR DATA COLLECTION

The major source of primary data for this study will be self-developed questionnaire,

which could be in two parts. The first part would deals with personal data of respondents,

while the second part would be items on effective organization structure on organization

performance.

3.6 VALIDITY OF THE INSTRUMENT

To ensure the effectiveness of the exercise, the experts would be given initial copies of

the instrument; viz: the title of the study, the objective of the study, the research questions

and hypotheses. These would helped them to examine the instruments; determine

adequacy of items; relevance and suitability of language to the level of the respondents;

structuring and sequencing of ideas; possible ambiguities, errors and omissions.

3.7 RELIABILITY OF THE INSTRUMENT

The truthfulness of the instrument used in collecting data cannot be defined. This is

because analysis relied on future researchers. Reliability of the instrument can be based

on the statistical role employed as used for data analysis. Questionnaires would be tested

by the researcher in achieving the aims and objectives of the research study.

3.8 METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION

This is the technique used by the researcher to obtain data for analysis. The researcher is

to use structured questionnaire. Formulated questions relevant to the subject matter would

be adopted for the cause of this study, used and printed within instructions to guide the

respondents and enable them express their opinion. The administration of the

questionnaire will be done personally by the researcher with the help of research

assistants who were to instruct on what to do. A total of 65 questionnaires were

distributed. On the return rate, 59 questionnaires were returned. Some employees of the

company failed to fill these questionnaires because of their busy schedules in their

respective offices. Equally, some of them were busy attending Committee meetings.

3.7 METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS

The analysis of data is the means by which research problems are solved. This is the

ordering and breaking down of data with its constituent parts. However, there are several

techniques of data analysis, but for the purpose of this study. The following technique is

employed. The simple percentage analysis technique will be used or adopted in order to

analyze responses based on the questionnaire administered. Data collected in the course

of this study were presented and analyzed by using percentages. The collected data was
checked for consistency and then frequencies and percentages used to show responses of

the distribution. The results would be presented in tables and chart form.