Engpre 29

Curs: English - Pre-Intermediate
Module: Passive Voice

Unitate: Inventions
Introduction
In the following text we are going learn about the people who invented
jeans, tea bags, the sandwich, the telephone, e-mail, zip, dynamite and
the crossword puzzle.
Jeans
Levi Strauss (1829 – 1902) was the man who invented and marketed
blue jeans. In 1873, Strauss patented the idea of using copper rivets
at the stress points of sturdy work trousers. They were sold initially to
the miners of the Californian Gold Rush.
Tea bags
Tea bags were invented by Thomas Sullivan around 1908. The first
bags were made from silk. Sullivan was a tea and coffee merchant in
New York who began packaging tea samples in tiny silk bags. Many of
his customers brewed their tea in the bags rather than in the
traditional way of brewing loose tea in a teapot, and the tea bag was
born.
Sandwich
The sandwich was invented by John Montagu, the 4th Earl of Sandwich
(1718 – 1792). In 1762, the story goes, he was too involved in a card
game to have a formal meal, so he instructed his cook to put some
meat between two slices of bread to save him time. He named the
© Copyright Link group 1 / 16

Unitate: Inventions
snack after himself.
1
Imaginea 29.1.
Telephone
The telephone (meaning "far sound") is the most widely used

telecommunications device. It was invented in 1876 by Alexander
Graham Bell. His device transmitted speech sounds over electric
wires.
E-mail

Unitate: Inventions
Internet based e-mail was invented in late 1971 by Ray Tomlinson.

Ray Tomlinson worked as a computer engineer for Bolt, Beranek and
Newman (BBN), the company hired by the United States Defense
Department to build the first Internet in 1968.
Ray Tomlinson was experimenting with a popular program he wrote

called SNDMSG that the ARPANET researchers were using on the
network computers to leave messages for each other. You could only
leave messages on the computer that you were using for other
persons using that computer to read. Tomlinson used a file transfer
protocol that he was working on called CYPNET to adapt the SNDMSG
program so it could send electronic messages to any computer on the
ARPANET network.
The first email was sent between two computers placed next to each
other. The ARPANET network was used as the connection between the
two.

Unitate: Inventions
2
Imaginea 29.2
Zip
The zip was developed in 1913 by the Swedish – American engineer,

Gideon Sundbach. He was successful in selling his invention, which he
called the Hookless 2. He sold these fasteners to the US Army, who
put zip on soldiers' clothing and equipment during World War I.
Dynamite

Unitate: Inventions
Dynamite was invented by Alfred Nobel, a Swedish industrialist,

engineer, and inventor. His construction work inspired Nobel to
research new methods of blasting rock. He started experimenting with
nitroglycerine and invented the Nobel patent detonator for
nitroglycerin in 1863. The Nobel Company built the first factory to
manufacture nitroglycerin and dynamite.
Crossword puzzle
A crossword puzzle is a game of words where the player is given a hint

and the number of letters. The player then fills in letter boxes with the
right words. The first crossword puzzle was invented by Arthur Wynne,
a Liverpool journalist. He immigrated to the United States and wrote
the first crossword puzzle for an American newspaper called the New
York World. It was published on Sunday, December 21, 1913.
Articles are taken from the following sites:
http://www.enchantedlearning.com/inventors/indext.shtml and
http://inventors.about.com/od/estartinventions/a/email.htm,
Vocabulary
Nouns (substantive): Verbs (verbe):

rivet – nit market – a pune în vânzare
miner – miner patent – a patenta

Unitate: Inventions
tea bag – pliculeț de ceai package – a împacheta
silk – mătase brew – a pregăti (băutură)
merchant – comerciant be involved – a fi implicat în ceva
sample – model instruct – a da indicații
teapot – ceainic blast – a distruge
earl – conte manufacture – a produce
slice – felie immigrate – a se muta, a imigra
snack – cină publish – a publica
device – dispozitiv hire – a angaja
wire – sârmă adapt – a adapta
zip – fermoar
fastener – cataramă
equipment – echipament
nitroglycerine – nitroglicerină
crossword puzzle – cuvinte

încrucișate
hint – indiciu, semn
researcher – cercetător
network computer – computer în

rețea

Unitate: Inventions
network – rețea
connection – legătură, conexiune

Adjectives and adverbs Prepositions and conjunctions
(adjective și adverbe): (prepoziții și conjuncții):

copper – de cupru –
sturdy – puternic, solid
initially – inițial
loose – liber
tiny – micuț
successful at – a avea succes în

ceva
Tabelul 29.1.
Synonyms
Nouns (substantive): Verbs (verbe):

rivet – stud market – commerce, trade
miner – mineworker package – pack
merchant – tradesman, vendor brew – boil
sample – example, trial, model, be involved – implicated

pattern
instruct –teach
teapot – pot
blast – smash
slice – piece

Unitate: Inventions
snack – light meal, titbit manufacture – make, build,

produce
device – appliance
publish – print
wire – cable
hire – employ, engage
zip – zipper
adapt – adjust, modify
equipment – tools, kit
hint – clue, tip
researcher – investigator
connection – link
Adjectives and adverbs Prepositions and conjunctions
(adjective și adverbe): (prepoziții și conjuncții):

sturdy – tough –
initially – primarily, firstly
tiny – small, little
successful at – profitable,
productive
Tabelul 29.2.
Notă pentru teste de avansare:
Pentru a asimila materia cât mai bine, lecția are teste de exersare care

Unitate: Inventions
ajută la înțelegerea textului și a vocabularului.

1
https://www.saladworks.com/sandwich
2
http://techrasa.com/2016/03/06/mobile-internet-much-pay-iran/

Unitate: Inventions
ENGPRE_Vocabulary_29 - Pre-intermediate
1. Asociați termenii.
a) crossword a) device
b) brew b) puzzle
c) coffee c) tea bags
d) telecommunications d) merchant
a) network a) computer
b) sturdy b) material
c) slice of c) wire
d) electric d) bread
3. Alegeți termenul corespunzător.
Răspunsuri oferite: tiny, earl, sample, snack
My father is an
________ . So it’s natural that I live in a palace.
Babies have such
________ hands and fingers.
I’m so hungry. I can’t wait for lunch. I need a
________ .
I asked them to send me a
________ of their new product. I wanted to see for myself
before buying.
Răspunsuri oferite: connection, hired, slice, patented
I had a

Unitate: Inventions
________ of bread for breakfast with some butter on it.

He’s a famous inventor, he
________ more than 200 different devices.
The company
________ him to create new things for them.
They can use these two computers to make a
________ between them.
Răspunsuri oferite: from, by, over, with
The skirts were made

________ silk.
Răspunsuri oferite: instructed, annoyed, invented, involved
Mary was too

________ in a tennis match on TV that she forgot to call her
mother.
Răspunsuri oferite: equipment, patents, samples, devices
We can`t make a film. The

________ is not good enough.
Răspunsuri oferite: wire, device, zip, merchant
The

Unitate: Inventions
________ of the jacket is broken, that`s why I`m not wearing it

today.
Răspunsuri oferite: connection, device, hint, rock
I cannot guess the word. Can you give me a

________ ?
Răspunsuri oferite: hired, blasted, published, manufactured
He is a great writer. He’s

________ two books.

Unitate: Inventions
ab, bc, cd, da
aa, bb, cd, dc
earl, tiny, snack, sample
slice, patented, hired, connection
from
involved
equipment
zip
hint
published

Unitate: Inventions
ENGPRE_Comprehension_29 - Pre-
intermediate
1. Stabiliți care propoziție este corectă. Thomas Sullivan`s
customers:
a) brewed their tea in the traditional way.
b) brewed their tea in the bags.
c) didn`t drink tea at all.
2. Stabiliți care propoziție este corectă. The sandwich was
invented when:
a) John Montagu was at the meeting and didn`t have time to
have lunch.
b) John Montagu was too involved in a card game.
c) John Montagu was in the kitchen.
3. Găsiți răspunsul corect. A crossword puzzle was invented by:
a) an American journalist.
b) a Liverpool newspaper.
c) a Liverpool journalist.
4. Găsiți răspunsul corect. A crossword puzzle is a game of
words where the player:
a) gives hints for some words.
b) is given a hint and the number of letters.
c) is given letters to create words.
5. Găsiți răspunsul corect. Ray Tomlinson invented:
a) the Internet.
b) computers.
c) e-mail.
6. Găsiți răspunsul corect. Ray Tomlinson was experimenting:
a) with networks.
b) with a popular program he wrote.
c) with a popular program other researchers wrote.
7. Găsiți răspunsul corect. The first e-mail was sent:
a) to the Arpanet company.
b) between two computers in different rooms.
c) between two computers placed next to each other.
8. Marcați răspunsurile cu TRUE sau FALSE
Răspunsuri oferite: TRUE, FALSE

Unitate: Inventions
The first people wearing blue jeans were miners.

________ Before the tea bags were invented, people brewed
loose tea in a teapot.
________ The zip was invented because Sundbach wanted to
join the Army.
________
9. Marcați răspunsurile cu TRUE sau FALSE.
Răspunsuri oferite: TRUE, FALSE
The sandwich was invented by John Montagu.

________ Alfred Nobel invented dynamite for wars.
________ A crossword puzzle was first published in a book.
________

Unitate: Inventions
1. Stabiliți care propoziție este corectă. Thomas Sullivan`s

customers:
b
2. Stabiliți care propoziție este corectă. The sandwich was
invented when:
b
3. Găsiți răspunsul corect. A crossword puzzle was invented by:
c
4. Găsiți răspunsul corect. A crossword puzzle is a game of
words where the player:
b
5. Găsiți răspunsul corect. Ray Tomlinson invented:
c
6. Găsiți răspunsul corect. Ray Tomlinson was experimenting:
b
7. Găsiți răspunsul corect. The first e-mail was sent:
c
8. Marcați răspunsurile cu TRUE sau FALSE
TRUE, TRUE, FALSE
9. Marcați răspunsurile cu TRUE sau FALSE.
TRUE, FALSE, FALSE
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Curs: English - Pre-Intermediate

Module: Passive Voice

© Copyright Link group 1 / 16

snack after himself.

The telephone (meaning "far sound") is the most widely used

© Copyright Link group 2 / 16

Internet based e-mail was invented in late 1971 by Ray Tomlinson.

Ray Tomlinson was experimenting with a popular program he wrote

© Copyright Link group 3 / 16

The zip was developed in 1913 by the Swedish – American engineer,

© Copyright Link group 4 / 16

Dynamite was invented by Alfred Nobel, a Swedish industrialist,

A crossword puzzle is a game of words where the player is given a hint

Articles are taken from the following sites:

Nouns (substantive): Verbs (verbe):

miner – miner patent – a patenta

© Copyright Link group 5 / 16

tea bag – pliculeț de ceai package – a împacheta

silk – mătase brew – a pregăti (băutură)

merchant – comerciant be involved – a fi implicat în ceva

sample – model instruct – a da indicații

teapot – ceainic blast – a distruge

earl – conte manufacture – a produce

slice – felie immigrate – a se muta, a imigra

snack – cină publish – a publica

device – dispozitiv hire – a angaja

wire – sârmă adapt – a adapta

crossword puzzle – cuvinte

hint – indiciu, semn

network computer – computer în

© Copyright Link group 6 / 16

connection – legătură, conexiune

(adjective și adverbe): (prepoziții și conjuncții):

sturdy – puternic, solid

successful at – a avea succes în

Nouns (substantive): Verbs (verbe):

miner – mineworker package – pack

merchant – tradesman, vendor brew – boil

sample – example, trial, model, be involved – implicated

© Copyright Link group 7 / 16

snack – light meal, titbit manufacture – make, build,

hint – clue, tip

Adjectives and adverbs Prepositions and conjunctions

(adjective și adverbe): (prepoziții și conjuncții):

initially – primarily, firstly

tiny – small, little

Notă pentru teste de avansare:

© Copyright Link group 8 / 16

ajută la înțelegerea textului și a vocabularului.

© Copyright Link group 9 / 16

© Copyright Link group 10 / 16

________ of bread for breakfast with some butter on it.

The skirts were made

Mary was too

We can`t make a film. The

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________ of the jacket is broken, that`s why I`m not wearing it

I cannot guess the word. Can you give me a

He is a great writer. He’s

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© Copyright Link group 13 / 16

© Copyright Link group 14 / 16

The first people wearing blue jeans were miners.