Class 10 Science | Light-Reflection & Refraction | DPP Solutions

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Class 10 Science | Light-Reflection & Refraction | DPP Solutions

Light – Reflection and Refraction

Daily Practice Problems
Solutions

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Class 10 Science | Light-Reflection & Refraction | DPP Solutions

Question 1:
Light is refracted when it travels at an angle from water into air because
(a) its speed is increased
(b) its speed is decreased
(c) its speed remains the same
(d) light is travelling from a less (lower) denser medium to a denser medium.

Answer:
Correct option is (a) its speed is increased
Speed of light is faster (more) in rarer medium and slow (less) in denser
medium. Therefore, the light is refracted when it travels at an angle from
water (denser) into air (rarer) because its speed is increased.

Question 2:
A student studies that a convex lens always forms a virtual image irrespective
of its position. What causes the convex mirror to always form a virtual image?
(a) Because the reflected ray never intersects
(b) Because the reflected ray converges at a single point
(c) Because the incident ray traces its path back along the principal axis
(d) Because the incident ray of a convex mirror gets absorbed in the mirror

Answer:
Correct Option is (a) Because the reflected ray never intersects
Convex mirror always forms virtual images because the focal point and the
centre of curvature of convex mirror are imaginary points which is not possible
to reached. So, image is formed inside the mirror and cannot be projected on a
screen.

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Class 10 Science | Light-Reflection & Refraction | DPP Solutions

Question 3:
The swimming pool appears to be less deep than it actually is. Which of the
following phenomenon is responsible for this?
(a) Reflection of Light
(b) Diffusion of Light
(c) Refraction of Light
(d) Scattering of Light

Answer:
Correct Option is (c) Refraction of Light
When we look into pool of water, we do not see the actual depth of the pool.
We see a virtual image of the bottom of the pool. This is because light rays
from the bottom of the pool are bent away from normal as they pass from
rarer to denser medium where, air is the rarer medium and water is denser
medium. This phenomenon is known as refraction of light. Due to this, the
image of the bottom of the pool seems nearer to us and the pool appears less
deep.

Question 4:
Refractive index of diamond is 2.42 and that of carbon disulphide is 1.63.
Calculate refractive index of diamond with respect to carbon disulphide.
(a) 1.48
(b) 0.67
(c) 2.42
(d) 1.63

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Class 10 Science | Light-Reflection & Refraction | DPP Solutions

Answer:
Correct Option is (a) 1.48
Given,
Refractive index of diamond, n1= 2.42
Refractive index of carbon sulphide, n2 = 1.63
Refractive index of diamond w.r.to carbon disulphide will be:
n12= n1/n2
n12= 2.42/1.63= 1.48

Question 5:
An object kept at 20 cm from a spherical mirror gives rise to an image 15 cm
behind the mirror. The focal length of the mirror is:
(a) -60 cm
(b) -30 cm
(c) 90 cm
(d) 60 cm

Answer:
Correct Option is (d) 60 cm
Given,
Object distance, u= -20 cm
Image distance, v= +15 cm (since, image is formed behind the mirror)
Using Mirror Formula,
(1/u) + (1/v) = 1/f
1/(-20) + (1/15) = 1/f
f= +60 cm
Since f is positive, mirror used here is convex mirror.

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Class 10 Science | Light-Reflection & Refraction | DPP Solutions

Question 6:
A coin is fixed at the bottom of a bowl and some water is poured into it. What
changes will you observe in coin and why?
(a) raised, refraction of light
(b) raised, reflection of light
(c) lowered, refraction of light
(d) lowered, reflection of light

Answer:
Correct Option is (a) raised, refraction of light
The ray of light from the coin, in the denser medium, moves far away from the
normal after refraction. Because of this the rays appear to come from a point
above the coin, therefore as a result the coin appears to be raised from its real
position.

Question 7:
The full-length image of a distant tall building can be seen by using
(a) concave mirror
(b) convex mirror
(c) concave lens
(d) convex lens

Answer:
Correct Option is (b) convex mirror
We know that, convex mirror forms a virtual and smaller image irrespective of
position of the object. So, a full-length image of a distant tall building can
definitely be seen by using a convex mirror.

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Class 10 Science | Light-Reflection & Refraction | DPP Solutions

Question 8:
An object is placed between two plane parallel mirrors. Why do the distant
images get fainter and fainter?

Answer:
When an object is placed between two plane parallel mirrors then different
Images are formed due to multiple reflections. A part of light energy is
absorbed after reflection. Therefore, distant images get fainter.

Question 9:
What is the number of images of an object held between two parallel plane
mirrors?

Answer:
The number of images of an object held between two parallel plane mirrors is
infinite. This is because no of images, n = [(360 )-1] &

Question 10:
A concave mirror is held in water. What would be the change in the focal
length of the mirror?

Answer:
There would be no change in focal length of the concave mirror held in water
as f (focal length) does not depend upon the external medium in which mirror
is held.

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Class 10 Science | Light-Reflection & Refraction | DPP Solutions

Question 11:
Why does a diamond shine?

Answer:
The brilliance of diamond is mainly due to total internal reflection of light. μ
(refractive index) for diamond is 2.42, so that critical angle for diamond air
interface become C= 24.4 (sinC=1/μ). The diamond is cut suitably so that light
entering the diamond from any face suffers multiple total internal reflections
at the various faces, remains within the diamond. Hence the diamond sparkles.

Question 12:
A candle is held 3 cm away from a concave mirror of radius of curvature 24 cm.
where is the image formed? What is the nature of the image?

Answer:
Given, u = -3 cm
R= -24 cm
f=R/2= -24/2= -12 cm
v=?
by using the mirror formula
1/f = (1/v) + (1/u)
1/v= (1/f) - (1/u)
1/v= (1/-12) + (1/3)
1/v= 1/4
v=+4 cm

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Class 10 Science | Light-Reflection & Refraction | DPP Solutions

Question 13:
A square wire of side 3 cm is placed 25 cm away from a concave mirror of focal
length 10 cm. what is the area enclosed by the image of the wire? The centre
of the wire is on the axis of the mirror, with its two sides normal to the axis.

Answer:
Given, h1= 3 cm, u = -25 cm
f= -10 cm, v =?, m=?
By using the mirror formula
1/f= (1/v) + (1/u)
1/v= (1/f) – (1/u)
1/v= (1/-10) – (1/25)
v= (-5+2)/50 = -3/50
v= -50/3 cm
As image is real
m= -h2/h1 = -v/-u = v/u
-h2/3 = (-50/3)/-25 = 2/3
h2 = -2 cm
where negative sigh shows that image is inverted
Area of square wire = (-2)2 = 4 sq.cm

Question 14:
An object is placed 20 cm in front of concave mirror whose focal length is 25
cm. what is the magnification of the object?

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Class 10 Science | Light-Reflection & Refraction | DPP Solutions

Answer:
Given that an object is placed 20cm in front of a concave mirror whose focal
length is 25cm.
we have to find the magnification of object.
object distance, u = -20 cm
focal length, f = - 25 cm
using formula, 1/v + 1/u = 1/f
⇒1/v + 1/-20 = 1/-25
⇒1/v = 1/20 - 1/25 = (25 - 20)/500
⇒1/v = 5/500 = 1/100
⇒v = 100cm
now magnification = -v/u
= -100/ (-20) = 5
Therefore, magnification of the object is 5

Question 15:
Find the focal length and power of a plano convex lens, when radius of curved
surface is 15 cm and μ = 1.5 cm?

Answer:
Given, f=? P=?
R1 = infinity (for plane surface),
R2 = -15 cm
μ=1.5
as 1/f = (μ-1) [ (1/R1)- (1/R2)]

1/f= (1.5 – 1) [(1/ ]

1/f= 1/30

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Class 10 Science | Light-Reflection & Refraction | DPP Solutions

f=30 cm
therefore, Power P= 100/f= 100/30 = 3.33 dioptre.

Question 16:
Within a glass slab, a double convex air bubble is formed. How would the air
bubble behave?

Answer:
The air bubble would behave as a diverging lens, because refractive index of air
is less than refractive index of glass. However, the geometrical shape of the air
bubble shall resemble a double convex lens.

Question 17:
A 2.0 cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex
lens of focal length 10 cm. The distance of the object from the lens is 15 cm.
Find the nature, position and size of the image. Also find its magnification.

Answer:
Given,
Height of the object h = + 2.0 cm;
Focal length f = + 10 cm;
object-distance u = –15 cm;
Image-distance v = ?
Height of the image h′ = ?
By using the lens formula,
1/f = (1/v) - (1/u)
1/10 = (1/v) – (1/-15)

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Class 10 Science | Light-Reflection & Refraction | DPP Solutions

1/v = (1/-15) + (1/10)

1/v = (-2+3)/30
1/v = 1/30
v= +30 cm
The positive sign of v shows that the image is formed at a distance of 30 cm on
the other side of the optical centre. The image is real and inverted.
Magnification, m = h’/h = v/u
h’ = h (v/u)
h’= 2 (-30/-15)
h’= -4 cm
m = v/u = 30/(-15) = -2 cm
The negative signs of m and h′ show that the image is inverted and real. It is
formed below the principal axis. Thus, a real, inverted image, 4 cm tall, is
formed at a distance of 30 cm on the other side of the lens. The image is two
times enlarged.

Question 18:
Define 1 dioptre of power of a lens.

Answer:
1 dioptre is the power of a lens whose focal length is 1 metre. 1D = 1m –1.
Power of a convex lens is positive and that of a concave lens is negative.

Question 19:
The earth takes 24 h to rotate once about its axis. How much time does the
sun take to shift by 1o, when viewed from the earth?

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Class 10 Science | Light-Reflection & Refraction | DPP Solutions

Answer:
In rotating once about its axis, earth rotates through 360o in 24 hour
Therefore, time taken for 360o shift = 24 h
Time taken for 1o shift = 24/360
= (24× 60)/360 min
= 4 min

Question 20:
Why does the rising sun appear bigger?

Answer:
Light coming from the rising sun reaches the earth’s surface obliquely through
different parts of the earth’s atmosphere which suffers an unequal refraction.
Due to which, the vertical diameter appears shorter and the horizontal
diameter appears bigger. Therefore, sun appears oval in shape.
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