Professional Documents
Culture Documents
مجلة الدوال اللوغاريتمية للاستاذ وليد
مجلة الدوال اللوغاريتمية للاستاذ وليد
مجلة الدوال اللوغاريتمية للاستاذ وليد
69 : ﻋﺪد اﻟﺘﻤﺎر ﻦ
اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ
La seule façon de vraiment apprendre à résoudre des problèmes est d’en faire.
اﻟﺴﻨﺔ اﻟﺪراﺳﻴﺔ
2020 - 2019
اﻟﺪوال اﻟﻠﻮﻏﺎر ﺘﻤﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
ا ﺘﻮ ﺎت
2 ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻌﺮ ﻔﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻠﻮﻏﺎر ﺘﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻨ ﺒ ﻳﺔ I
...
اﻟﻘﺴﻢ I
4
3
y = ln x
2
1
−2
−3
■ lim x ln x = 0
x →0
>
ﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻠﻮﻏﺎر ﺘﻤﻴﺔ ا ﻮاص ا
g
lim
ln x
x→1 x − 1
■ =1 اﻟﻨ ﺒ ﻳﺔ
∗n ∈ N و ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ln e = 1 ، ■ ln 1 = 0
lim
ln x
■ =0 ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ a > 0و : b > 0
∞x→+ xn
■ ln ab = ln a + ln b
■ lim x n ln x = 0
> )(a
x →0
ln ■ = ln a − ln b
b
■ ∞lim ln x = −
>
a, b > 0 ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ■ x →0
...
اﻟﻘﺴﻢ II
رﻣﻮز ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺣﻴﺔ
ﺗﻤﺎر ﻦ ﻟﻠﺘﺪرب اﳌ ل
ﺗﻤﺎر ﻦ ﻟﻠﺘﺪرب ﺗﺘﻀﻤﻦ اﻓ ﺎر اﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ K
ﻓﻜﺮة ﺴﺘﺤﻖ ا ﺎوﻟﺔ s
ﺗﻤﺎر ﻦ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻟﺔ Ǚ
ﺗﻤﺎر ﻦ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﻤﻖ ǃ
g (x) = −2x 2 + 2 − ln x (Iﻟﺘﻜﻦ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ gاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]0; +ﻛﻤﺎﻳ :
(1ادرس ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ gﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
(2اﺣﺴﺐ ) g (1ﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺷﺎرة ) g (xﻋ [∞.]0; +
−1 + ln x
= )f (x
x
f (IIداﻟﺔ ﻋﺪدﻳﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]0; +ﻛﻤﺎﻳ :
− 2x + 2e
»#» #
و ) (C fﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ اﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و اﳌﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) .(O; i ; j
∞ x→+و ). lim f (x
>
(1ا( اﺣﺴﺐ )lim f (x
x →0
∞+ ب( ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﻳﻘﺒﻞ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( ذا اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ y = −2x + 2eﻣﻘﺎر ﺎ ﻣﺎﺋﻼ ﻟﮫ ﻋﻨﺪ
ج( ﺣﺪد وﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ا اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆(.
). f ′ (x) = gx(x
2
ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ xﻣﻦ ا ﺎل [∞: ]0; + (2ا(
اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ، fﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ. ب(
اﺛ ﺖ ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ f (x) = 0ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺣﻼ وﺣﻴﺪا x0ا ﺎل [.]0.4; 0.5 (3ا(
ا )∆( و ) .(C f ب(
(Iﻟﺘﻜﻦ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ gاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]0; +ﻛﻤﺎﻳ .g (x) = x 2 + 2 − 2 ln(x) :
(1ادرس ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ gو اﺣﺴﺐ ).g (1
(2اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ [∞g (x) > 0 ،]0; +
2 ln x
f (x) = x + f (IIداﻟﺔ ﻋﺪدﻳﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]0; +ﻛﻤﺎﻳ :
x
»#» #
و ) (C fﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ اﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و اﳌﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) (O; i ; j
g (x) = 1 + x 2 − 2x 2 ln x اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]0; +ﻛﻤﺎﻳ : g (I
(1ادرس ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ، gﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
(2ا( ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ g (x) = 0ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺣﻼ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]0; +ﺣﻼ وﺣﻴﺪا αﺣﻴﺚ 1.5 < α < 2
اﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا ﻣﻌﻠﻢ f fاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]0; +ﺑـ ، f (x) = lnxx :ﺴ ) (Cاﳌﻨﺤ اﳌﻤﺜﻞ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ
ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و ﻣﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) ) .(O; #»i , #»jوﺣﺪة اﻟﻄﻮل (.2cm
∞ x→+و ) lim f (xوﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺘ ن ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ.
>
ا( اﺣﺴﺐ )lim f (x (1
x →0
1 − ln x
= )f ′ (x ب( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ ﻣﻦ ا ﺎل [∞: ]0; +
x2
ج( ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fوﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
(2ا( ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻨﺤ ) (Cﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ا ﻌﻄﺎف Eﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻌﻴ ن اﺣﺪاﺛﻴ ﺎ.
g (x) = 1 − x 2 − ln x (Iاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ gﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ [∞ ]0; +ﺑـ :
(1ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ .g
(2اﺣﺴﺐ ) g (1ﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ ﺗﺒﻌﺎ ﻟﻘﻴﻢ xاﺷﺎرة ).g (x
ln x
f (x) = x − 1 −
x
(IIاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ fﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ [∞ ]0; +ﺑـ :
∞.x→+
(1ا( اﺣﺴﺐ )lim f (x
1
) f (x) = − x + ln(1 + e x
2
(1ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ) ، f (xﻋ اﻟﺸ ﻞ:
(2ﺑﺮ ﻦ ان اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fزوﺟﻴﺔ.
∞.x→+
(3اﺣﺴﺐ ) lim f (xو )lim f (x
∞x→−
)ا( ﺗﺤﻘﻖ اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ xﻣﻦ ا ﺎل [∞.g (x) = f (ln x) ، [1; +
-اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ g
(3ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ان g (1) = 1و ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ g (x) = 1ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺣﻼ اﺧﺮا αﺣﻴﺚ 0.1 < α < 0.3
f (0) = 0 (IIﻟﺘﻜﻦ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ [∞ ]0; +ﻛﻤﺎﻳ f (x) = x 2 − x ln x :و
»#» #
) (C fﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ اﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و ﻣﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) .(O; i ; j
)f (x
limو ﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺔ ﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎ. > x
(1ا( اﺣﺴﺐ
x →0
∞.x→+
ب( اﺣﺴﺐ )lim f (x
ا( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ،ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ xﻣﻦ ا ﺎل [∞f ′ (x) = g (x) : ]0; + (2
ب( اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ، fﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
ج( ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ا ﻌﻄﺎف ωﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻌﻴﻴ ﺎ.
)f (x) − f (α
x→αوﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺔ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ.
lim
x −α
د( ﻋ ن دون ﺣﺴﺎب
[ ]
ا( اﺛ ﺖ ان ، f (x) = x g (x) − x + 1ﺛﻢ اﺣﺴﺐ ). f (α (3
ب( اﻋﻂ ﺣﺼﺮا ﻟـ )f (α
اﺛ ﺖ ان اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻤﺎﺳ ن ) (Tو ) (T ′ﻣﻴﻼ ﻤﺎ ﺴﺎوي ، 1ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻞ ﻣ ﻤﺎ. (4
ارﺳﻢ ) (T ′ ) ، (Tو اﳌﻨﺤ ) .(C f (5
ln x 2
f (x) = 1 −ﻟﺘﻜﻦ fاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ∗ Rﺑﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎرة:
x
»#» #
) (C fﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ اﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و ﻣﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) (O; i ; j
ﻧﻘﻄﺘ ن ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﺣﺴﺎب اﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت ) (C f ﺸﻤﻞ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ) A(0; 1و ﻳﻤﺲ اﳌﻨﺤ (5اﺛ ﺖ ان اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻤﺎﺳﺎ
) (T
ﻞ ﻣ ﻤﺎ ،اﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﳌﻤﺎس ) (T
1 + ln x
= )f (x اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]0; +ﻛﻤﺎﻳ :
#» #» x
) (O; i ; j ) (Cﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و اﳌﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ
(1اﺣﺴﺐ ﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻋﻨﺪ 0و ﻋﻨﺪ ∞ +وﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺘ ن ﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎ.
(2ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fوﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
(3اﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﳌﻤﺎس ) (Tﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (Cﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ذات اﻟ ﺗ ﺐ .0
(4ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻨﺤ ) (Cﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ا ﻌﻄﺎف ωﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻌﻴ ن اﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎ ﺎ.
1
ﻧﻘﻄﺘ ن ﻓﺎﺻﻠ ﻤﺎ αو βﺣﻴﺚ : =y
2
(5ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻨﺤ ) (Cﻳﻘﻄﻊ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ) (dذا اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ
0.4 < α < 0.5و 5.3 < β < 5.4
) (Cﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ اﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و ﻣﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) .(O; #»i ; #»j
( )
1 2
g (x) = ln 1 + 2 − 2
x x +1
g (Iاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]0; +ﺑـ :
)2(x 2 − 1
= )g ′ (x ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ،ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ [∞: ]0; + (1
x(x 2 + 1)2
ادرس اﺷﺎرة ) g ′ (xﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﻴﻢ xﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ g (2
ﺑﺮ ﻦ ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ g (x) = 0ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺣﻼ وﺣﻴﺪا αﺣﻴﺚ 0.5 < α < 0.6 : (3
ﺣﺪد اﺷﺎرة )g (x (4
[∞f ′ (x) = g (x) ]0; +
: ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ،ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ xﻣﻦ ا ﺎل (1 (IIا(
اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻋ ا ﺎل [∞]0; + ب(
1
اﺣﺴﺐ ) ، lim x f (xﻳﻤﻜﻦ وﺿﻊ t = 2 (2ا(
x ∞x→+
) (C fﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ اﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و ﻣﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) .(O; #»i ; #»j
(1ﺑ ن ان اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﺗﻘﺒﻞ اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻨﺪ ،0ﺛﻢ اﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟـ ) (Tﻣﻤﺎس ) (C fاﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ذات اﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ .0
)xg (x
= ) ، f ′ (xﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ f (2ا( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ ]، ]−1; 0[ ∪ ]0; 3
[ln(x + 1)]2
ب( ﺑ ن ان ، f (α) = 2α(α + 1) :ﺛﻢ ﻋ ن ﺣﺼﺮا ﻟـ )f (α
ﻋ ن ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ) (T ′اﳌﻮازي ﻟـ ) (Tو اﻟﺬي ﻳﺘﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﻣﻊ ) (C fاﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ذات اﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ .3 (4
ارﺳﻢ ) (T ′ ) ، (Tو ) (C f (5
ﻧﺎﻗﺶ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ ،ﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻮﺳﻴﻂ ا ﻘﻴﻘﻲ ، mﻋﺪد ﺣﻠﻮل اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔf (x) = x + m : (6
fداﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑـ f (x) = ln(x + e −x ) :و ) (Cﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و ﻣﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ.
x + e −x ≥ 1 (1ا( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ Rﻳ ﻮن
ب( اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ ان fﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ R
ج( اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﺆال اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ان اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ) (dذا اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ y = −xﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﺎﺋﻞ ﻟـ ) (Cﺑﺠﻮار ∞−
[ ]
ﻋﻨﺪ ∞ ، +ﻣﺎذا ﺴﺘ ﺘﺞ؟ f (x) − ln x ﺎﻳﺔ (3ﻣﺎ
(4ادرس ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fوﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
x 7→ ln x (5ارﺳﻢ ) (C ) ، (dو ) (Γﺣﻴﺚ ) (Γاﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ
1
g (x) = ln(1 + e −x ) − (Iﻌﺘ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ gاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ Rﺑﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎرة :
1 + ex
∞ x→−و
(1اﺣﺴﺐ )lim g (x
)lim g (x
∞x→+
»#» #
) (O; i ; j اﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و اﳌﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ f ﺴ ) (C fاﳌﻨﺤ اﳌﻤﺜﻞ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ
(1ا( ﺑ ن ان ) lim f (x) = −1ﻳﻤﻜﻦ وﺿﻊ ( t = ln xﺛﻢ ادرس اﺳﺘﻤﺮار ﺔ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻋﻨﺪ 0ﻣﻦ اﻟﻴﻤ ن.
>
x →0
)f (x) − f (0
limﺛﻢ ﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺔ ﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎ. > x
ب( اﺣﺴﺐ
x →0
1
= )f ′ (x (3ا( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ : x ∈ ]0; e[ ∪ ]e; +∞[ ، x
x(1 − ln x)2
ب( اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fوﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
(4اﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﳌﻤﺎس ) (Tﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (C fﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ذات اﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ .1
1 + ln x
f ′′ (x) = x 2 (1ﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ ان اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ا ﻌﻄﺎف ﻳﻄﻠﺐ − ln x)3
(5ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ [∞، x ∈ ]0; e[ ∪ ]e; +
ﻌﻴﻴ ﺎ.
) (C f (6اﺣﺴﺐ ) f (4ارﺳﻢ ) (Tو
)|g (x) = f (|x (7ﻌﺘ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ gاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ } R − {−e; eﺑـ :
ا( ﺑ ن ان اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ gزوﺟﻴﺔ.
) (C g ) (C gاﻧﻄﻼﻗﺎ ﻣﻦ ) (C fﺛﻢ ارﺳﻢ ب( اﺷﺮح ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ا ﺼﻮل ﻋ
وﻟﻴﻜﻦ ) (Cﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و ﻣﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) ) .(O; #»i ; #»jاﻟﻮﺣﺪة (1cm
0 (1ادرس اﺳﺘﻤﺮار ﺔ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻌﺪد
( )
x2 x3
g (x) = ln(1 + x) − x −
2
+
3
(2ا( ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ ا اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ gاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ [0; +ﺑـ :
x2 x3
ln(1 + x) ≤ x −
2
+
3
ب( اﺣﺴﺐ ) g (0ﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ ا ﺎل [∞: [0; +
x2
ln(1 + x) ≥ x −
2
ﻓﺎن :
x ≥0 ج( ﺑﻄﺮ ﻘﺔ ﻣﻤﺎﺛﻠﺔ ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ اذا ﺎن
1 ln(1 + x) − x 1 x
≤ −
2 x2
≤− +
2 3
د( ﺗﺤﻘﻖ اﻧﮫ اذا ﺎن x > 0ﻓﺎن :
′ 1
f (x) = −
2
( اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ ان fﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻌﺪد و ان :
0
x
= )h(x
x +1
)− ln(1 + x ﺑـ :
[∞[0; + (3ﻟﺘﻜﻦ hاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل
[∞[0; + )ا( ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ hو اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺷﺎر ﺎ ﻋ ا ﺎل
) ، f ′ (x) = h(xواﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ . f
x2
)ب( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ ا ﺎل [∞ [0; +ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ :
ln x
∞( x→+
lim )ج( اﺣﺴﺐ ﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻋﻨﺪ ∞ +ﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ) .ﻧﻘﺒﻞ ان = 0 :
x
اﳌﺴﺘﻮي f fداﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑـ f (0) = 1 :و ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ ا ﺎل [∞ ]0; +ﺑـ f (x) = 1 − x 2 ln x :و ) C fﻣﻨﺤ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ
»#» #
اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و اﳌﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) (O; i ; j
∞.x→+
ا( اﺣﺴﺐ )lim f (x (2
ب( ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ، fﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
[∞ ;[0 (3ا( ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ f (x) = 0 :ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺟﻼ وﺣﻴﺪا αﻣﻦ ا ﺎل
ب( ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ان 1.531 < α < 1.532 :
»#» #
) (O; i ; j ﻧﻔﺲ اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ g (4ﻌﺘ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ gاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ Rﺑـ g (x) = f (|x|) :و ) (C fاﳌﻨﺤ اﳌﻤﺜﻞ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ
...
اﻟﻘﺴﻢ III
...
1
ﺷﻌﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻮم ﺗﺠﺮ ﻴﺔ
Albert Einstein
(1ا( اﺣﺴﺐ ) lim f (x) ، lim f (xو ) lim f (xﺛﻢ ﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ.
> < >
x →2 x →2 x →0
)lim f (x
∞x→+
ب( اﺣﺴﺐ
(2ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻋ [∞ ]0; 2[ ∪ ]2; +وﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ. " " ln (3ﺴ ) (Γاﳌﻨﺤ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻠﻮﻏﺎر ﺘﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻨ ﺒ ﻳﺔ
∞ x→+ﺛﻢ ﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺔ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ.
ا( اﺣﺴﺐ )lim ( f (x) − ln x
اﳌﺴﺘﻮي ا ﺪد ﺑﺎﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fوﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ و اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤ ن ذوي اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺘ ن : ب( اﺣﺴﺐ Aﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ا
x =3و x =4
3
2
−2
−3
(4ﻋ ن ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻮﺳﻴﻂ ا ﻘﻴﻘﻲ mﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﺗﻘﺒﻞ اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ (e − 1) f (x) = e 2 x − meﺣﻠ ن ﻣﺘﻤﺎﻳﺰ ﻦ
ﻣﻦ اﳌﺴﺘﻮي ا ﺪد ﺑﺤﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ و اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fو اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤ ن n (IIIﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴ ﺣﻴﺚ I n ، n > 1ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ا
اﻟﻠﺬﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺘ ﻤﺎ x = 1و x = n
I n = ln(1 + n ln n) n > 1: ا( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴ nﺣﻴﺚ
ب( ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) (I n
∞x→−
∞ x→+و
)lim f (x (2اﺣﺴﺐ اﻟ ﺎﻳﺎت اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔlim f (x) ، lim f (x) ، lim f (x) :
< >
x → −1 x →1
اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ ان ) (C fﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤ ن ﻣﻘﺎر ن ﻣﻮاز ن ﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﻮر اﻟ اﺗ ﺐ.
( )
′ 2 x2 + 2
= )f (x (3ا( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ ،
3 x2 − 1
D
m (7وﺳﻴﻂ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ ،ﻧﺎﻗﺶ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻮﺳﻴﻂ ا ﻘﻴﻘﻲ mﻋﺪد ﺣﻠﻮل اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ:
( )
x −1
(2 − 3|m|)x + 3l n =0
x +1
)g (x) = −1 + (x + 1)e + 2 ln(x + 1 (Iﻟﺘﻜﻦ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ gاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]−1; +ﺑـ:
)ﺣﻴﺚ اﻟﻌﺪد eﻮ اﺳﺎس اﻟﻠﻮﻏﺎر ﺘﻢ اﻟﻨ ﺒ ي (.
(1ادرس ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ، gﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
(2ﺑ ن ان ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ g (x) = 0ﺣﻼ وﺣﻴﺪا αﺣﻴﺚ−0.34 < α < −0.33 :
اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ kاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ [ ]−1; 1ﺑـ k(x) = f (−|x|) :و ) (C kﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ. (3ﻌﺘ
ﺑ ن ان اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ kزوﺟﻴﺔ. ا(
ﺑ ن ﻛﻴﻒ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺎج اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C kاﻧﻄﻼﻗﺎ ﻣﻦ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﺛﻢ ارﺳﻤﮫ )دون دراﺳﺔ ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ .(k ب(
ﻧﺎﻗﺶ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻮﺳﻴﻂ ا ﻘﻴﻘﻲ mﻋﺪد و اﺷﺎرة ﺣﻠﻮل اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔk(x) = m : ج(
∞.x→+
(1اﺣﺴﺐ ) lim f (xو )lim f (x
>
x →0
)g (x
= )f ′ (x ا( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ xﻣﻦ ا ﺎل [∞، ]0; + (2
x2
ب( ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ f
ب( اﺣﺴﺐ I nﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ا اﳌﺴﺘﻮي ا ﺪد ﺑﺎﳌﻨﺤ ) ، (Cاﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( و اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤ ن اﻟﻠﺬﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺘ ﻤﺎ:
x = 1و x = nﺣﻴﺚ nﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴ ).(n > 1
n 0ﺑﺤﻴﺚ اذا ﺎن n > n 0ﻓﺎنI n > 2 : ج( ﻋ ن اﺻﻐﺮ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴ
3
)∆( )(γ
2
1
−2
−3
f (IIاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]0; +ﺑـ f (x) = (1 − x1 )(ln x − 2) :و ) (C fﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ.
)lim f (x
∞x→+
(1اﺣﺴﺐ ) lim f (xو
>
x →0
ب( ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]0; +ﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
y =1 (2ا( ادرس وﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ا اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( اﻟﺬي ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺘﮫ:
ب( اﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﳌﻤﺎس ) (Tﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (C fاﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ذات اﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ .1
ج( ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ f (x) = 0ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ا ﺎل [ ]0; 1ﺣﻼ وﺣﻴﺪا ، αﺣﻴﺚ e −0.4 < α < e −0.3
(2ا( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ [∞ ، f ′ (x) = (xg+(x)1)2 ، ]−1; +ﺣﻴﺚ f ′ﻣﺸﺘﻘﺔ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ . f
ب( ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ، ]−1; +ﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
ج( ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ f (x) = 0ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺣﻼ وﺣﻴﺪا αا ﺎل [∞ ، ]−1; +ﺛﻢ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ان 0 < α < 0.5
∞.x→−
ب( اﺣﺴﺐ )lim f (x
x2 − x − 6
= )f ′ (x (2ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ xﻣﻦ [، ]−∞; 0
)x(x − 1
اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ، fﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ
∞− ﻮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﺎﺋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (C fﺑﺠﻮار (3ا( ﺑ ن ان اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( اﻟﺬي ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟﮫ:
y = x +5
−1.1 < β < −1 (4ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ f (x) = 0ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺣﻠ ن αو βﺣﻴﺚ −3.5 < α < −3.4و
)∆( اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fو اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ (5ا
( )) ( ( )) (
5 3 3
B −2; + 6 ln
2 4
و A −1; 3 + 6 ln
4
(6ا( ﻌﺘ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘ ن
1 7 3
ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ دﻳ ﺎرﺗﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ) .(AB ب( ﺑ ن ان
y = x + + 6 ln
2 2 4
ج( ﺑ ن ان اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ) (ABﻳﻤﺲ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﻧﻘﻄﺔ M0ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻌﻴ ن اﺣﺪاﺛ ﺘ ﺎ.
x2 ) ( x
= )g (x
2
+ 5x + 6x ln
x −1
)+ 6 ln(1 − x (7ﻟﺘﻜﻦ gاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ [ ]−∞; 0ﻛﻤﺎﻳ :
.
[]−∞; 0 ﺑ ن ان gداﻟﺔ اﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ fﻋ ا ﺎل
x −1
(Iﻌﺘ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ gاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ } R − {−1ﺑـ :
= )g (x
x +1
و ) (C gﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ اﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و اﳌﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ
) ) (O; #»i , #»jاﻟﺸ ﻞ اﳌﻘﺎﺑﻞ( ،ﺑﻘﺮاءة ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺔ:
eq1
5
4
3
2
1
−5 −4 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4 5
−1
−2
−3
f ج( ﺗﺤﻘﻖ اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ xﻣﻦ ا ﺎل [∞ g (x) = 1 − x +2 1 ، ]1; +ﺛﻢ ﻋ ن داﻟﺔ اﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ
ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞.]1; +
(4ا( اﺛ ﺖ اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ Iﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ) f (xﻋ اﻟﺸ ﻞ f (x) = ln(x + a) + b :ﺣﻴﺚ b ، a :ﻋﺪدان
ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻴﺎن ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻌﻴﻴ ﻤﺎ.
ب( اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﻧﮫ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ رﺳﻢ ) (C fاﻧﻄﻼﻗﺎ ﻣﻦ ) (Cﻣﻨﺤ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻠﻮﻏﺎر ﺘﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻨ ﺒ ﻳﺔ lnﺛﻢ ارﺳﻢ ) (Cو ) (C f
g (x) = f (x) − x (IIﻌﺘ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ gاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل Iﺑـ :
∞lim g (x) = −
∞x→+
(1اﺣﺴﺐ ) lim g (xﺛﻢ ﺑ ن ان
>
x → 21
(5ﺑﺮ ﻦ اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ xﻣﻦ ا ﺎل [ ]1; αﻓﺎن f (x) :ﻳ ﺘ ا ا ﺎل []1; α
( )
1
un = f 1 +
2n
(IIIﺴ ) (Unاﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ∗ Nﻛﻤﺎﻳﺎ ﻲ:
u n = 1 + 2 ln 3 − 3 ln 2 ا( ﻋ ن ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﻄﺒﻴ nاﻟ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻠ ﺎ ﻳ ﻮن:
ب( اﺣﺴﺐ ﺑﺪﻻﻟﺔ nا ﻤﻮع S nﺣﻴﺚS n = u 1 + u 2 + · · · + u n :
)ln(x + 1
f (x) = x − 1 − ا ﺰء اﻟﺜﺎ ﻲ :ﻟﺘﻜﻦ fداﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ [∞ ]−1; +ﻛﻤﺎﻳ :
x +1
»#» #
ﺴ ) (C fاﳌﻨﺤ اﳌﻤﺜﻞ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ fﻣﺴﺘﻮي ﻣ ﺴﻮب ا ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و ﻣﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) (O; i , j
...
2 ﺷﻌﺒﺔ ﺗﻘ ر ﺎ
e ln x
f (IIاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ [∞ ]0; +ﺑـ :
f (x) = ln(x + 1) +
x +1
»#» #
و ) (C fﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ اﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و اﳌﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) (O; i ; j
∞x→+
∞lim f (x) = + (1ا( اﺣﺴﺐ ) ، lim f (xﺛﻢ ﺑ ن ان
>
x →0
)g (x
= )f ′ (x ب( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ [∞: ]0; +
x(x + 1)2
ج( اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ، fﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
اﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟـ ) (Tﻣﻤﺎس ) (C fﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ذات اﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ 1 (2
ا( ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﻳﻘﻄﻊ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ وﺣﻴﺪة Aﻓﺎﺻﻠ ﺎ α (3
ب( ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ان 0.7 < α < 0.8 :
mوﺳﻴﻂ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ ،ﻋ ن ﻗﻴﻢ mﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﺗﻘﺒﻞ اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ f (x) = 1 +2 e x − mﺣﻠ ن ﻣﺘﻤﺎﻳﺰ ﻦ. (5
:
(6ﻧﻘﺒﻞ اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ ا ﺎل
[∞ln x < x + 1 ]1; +
ا( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ ا ﺎل [∞ln 2 < f (x) < e + ln(x + 1) : ]1; +
ب( ﺗﺤﻘﻖ اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ ا ﺎل [∞ ]1; +اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ x 7→ (x + 1) ln(x + 1) − x :داﻟﺔ اﺻﻠﻴﺔ
ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ )x 7→ ln(x + 1
ج( Sﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ا اﳌﺴﺘﻮي ا ﺪد ﺑﺎﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fوﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ و اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤ ن اﻟﻠﺬﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺘﺎ ﻤﺎ :
x = e2 − 1 x = e −1
2
(e − e) ln 2 < S < e 3
-ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﺟﻮاب اﻟﺴﺆال -6أ( ،ﺑ ن ان :
g (x) = 2 − x + ln x (Iﻌﺘ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ gاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [ ]0; 1ﺑـ :
(1ا( ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل
[]0; 1
ب( ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ g (x) = 0ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺣﻼ وﺣﻴﺪا αﺣﻴﺚ 0.15 < α < 0.16 :
1 − 2x + ln x
= )f (x (IIﻟﺘﻜﻦ fاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]1; +ﺑـ :
x −1
⃗;(O وﻟﻴﻜﻦ ) (C fﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ اﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و اﳌﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) j
⃗i ,
∞ ) x→+ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ) f (xﻋ اﻟﺸ ﻞ ، ( f (x) = 1x−−2x1 + xln−x1ﺛﻢ ﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺘ ن
(1اﺣﺴﺐ ) lim f (xو )lim f (x
>
x →1
ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ.
) (
1
g
x
s = )f ′ (x (2ا( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ xﻣﻦ ا ﺎل [∞: ]1; +
[ (x − 1)[2 ] ]
1
،ﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ α
∞; + ب( ﺑ ن ان fﻣ اﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻋ 1; α1وﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻋ
(3ادرس اﻟﻮﺿﻊ اﻟ ﺴ ﻟـ ) (C fو اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( ذي ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ y = −2
) (
1
( f
α
(4ارﺳﻢ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤ ن اﳌﻘﺎر ن و اﳌﻨﺤ ) ) (C fﻌﻄﻰ
≈ −1.8
(5ﻋ ن ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻮﺳﻴﻂ ا ﻘﻴﻘﻲ mﺣ ﺗﻘﺒﻞ اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ | f (x)| = mﺣﻠ ن ﻣﺘﻤﺎﻳﺰ ﻦ( .
»#
∥ i ∥ = 1cm اﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و اﳌﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) (O;⃗i , ⃗jﺣﻴﺚ f ) (C fاﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ
)lim f (x
∞x→+
(1ا( اﺣﺴﺐ ) lim f (xو
>
x →0
ب( ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
1
(2ا( ﺑ ن ان اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( ذا اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ y = − x + 2ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﺎﺋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (C f
2
ب( ادرس وﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ا اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆(
(3ﻧﻘﺒﻞ ان f (α) ≈ 0.87و f (γ) = f (β) = 0ﺣﻴﺚ 0.76 < β < 0.78و 4.19 < γ < 4.22
اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( و اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C f -ا
) (C fو اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ (4ﻟﻴﻜﻦ λﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ ﺣﻴﺚ ، 1 < λ ≤ eﻧﺮﻣﺰ ﺑـ ) A(λا ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ا اﳌﺴﺘﻮي ا ﺪد ﺑﺎﳌﻨﺤ
)∆( و اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤ ن اﻟﻠﺬﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟ ﻤﺎ x = 1 :و x = λ
)lim f (x
∞x→+
∞ x→−و
ب( اﺣﺴﺐ )lim f (x
2
f ، f ′ (x) = −2 − (x − 1)(xﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ )− 2
(2ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ xﻣﻦ ، D f
f (3 − x) + f (x) = 0 (3ا( ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ان :ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ xﻣﻦ (3 − x) ∈ D f ، D fو
ب( اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ ان ) (C fﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﻨﺎﻇﺮ ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻌﻴ ن اﺣﺪاﺛ ﻴﮫ.
(4اﺛ ﺖ ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ f (x) = 0ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺣﻼ وﺣﻴﺪا αﻋ ا ﺎل [ ]0.45; 0.46ﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ ا ﺎ ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺣﻼ اﺧﺮ βﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻌﻴ ن
s ﺣﺼﺮ ﻟﮫ.
)∆( (5ﺑ ن ان اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( ذا اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ y = −2x + 3 :ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﺎﺋﻞ ﻟـ ) ، (C fﺛﻢ ادرس وﺿﻌﻴﺔ ) (C fﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ﻟـ
) (C f (6ارﺳﻢ )∆( و
( )
(7ﺑ ن ان اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ h : x 7→ (x − 1) ln(x − 1) − (x − 2) ln(x − 2) :اﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ x 7→ ln xx −− 12ﻋ [∞.]2; +
ﺛﻢ اﺣﺴﺐ ﺑﺪﻻﻟﺔ βﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ا اﳌﺴﺘﻮي ا ﺪد ﺑﺎﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fو اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت اﻟ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻ ﺎ :
x = β ، y = −2x + 3و x = 3
x −1
= )g (x
x +1
)+ ln(x + 1 g (Iاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]−1; +ﻛﻤﺎﻳ :
)lim g (x
∞x→+
و )lim g (x
>
(1ا( اﺣﺴﺐ
x → −1
ب( ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ gﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]−1; +ﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
(2ا( ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ g (x) = 0ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺣﻼ وﺣﻴﺪا αﺣﻴﺚ 0.4 < α < 0.5 :
)f (x) = 1 + (x − 1) ln(x + 1 f (IIاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]−1; +ﻛﻤﺎﻳ :
)lim f (x
∞x→+
وﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺔ ﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎ ﺛﻢ اﺣﺴﺐ )lim f (x
>
(1اﺣﺴﺐ
x → −1
ا( ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ، ]−1; +ﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ (2
ب( ﺑ ن ان f (α) = −α + 4 − α +4 1 :ﺛﻢ اﻋﻂ ﺣﺼﺮا ﻟـ ) ) . f (αﺗﺪور اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ا ( 10−2
ﻟﻴﻜﻦ aﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ ﻣﻦ ا ﺎل [∞ ، ]−1; +ﺴ ) (Taﻣﻤﺎس اﳌﻨﺤ ) (Cاﳌﻤﺜﻞ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ fاﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب (3
ا اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و اﳌﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) (O;⃗i , ⃗jﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ذات اﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ .a
[ ′ ]
ﻧﻀﻊ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ xﻣﻦ ا ﺎل [∞h(x) = f (x) − f (a)(x − a) + f (a) : ]−1; +
ا( ﺗﺤﻘﻖ اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ [∞h ′ (x) = f ′ (x) − f ′ (a) : ]−1; +
ب( ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ، gﻋ ن اﺷﺎرة ) h ′ (xﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﻴﻢ xو اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ hﻋ [∞]−1; +
ا( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻤﺎﺳﺎن ) (Taﺸﻤﻼن اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ) A(1; 0ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻌﻴ ن ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺘ ﻤﺎ (4
ب( ارﺳﻢ اﳌﻤﺎﺳ ن و اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C
1 2 1 2 3
ﻌﺘ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ Hاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]−1; +ﺑـ H (x) = (x − 2x − 3) ln(x + 1) − x + x : (5
2 4 2
;]−1 [∞+ ﺎل ا ﻋ x →
7 (x − )1 ا( ﺑ ن ان اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ Hداﻟﺔ اﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ )ln(x + 1
اﳌﺴﺘﻮي ا ﺪد ﺑﺎﳌﻨﺤ ) (Cو اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت اﻟ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻ ﺎ x = 1 ، y = 0 :و x = 2 ب( اﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ا
ln x
= )f (x (IIﻌﺘ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ fاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]0; +ﺑـ :
x +1
»# »#
⃗; ، (Oﺣﻴﺚ ∥ i ∥ = 2cm :و ∥ j ∥ = 4cm ) (C fﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ اﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و اﳌﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) j
⃗i ,
(4ﻌﺘ اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ذات ا ﻮل ا ﻘﻴﻘﻲ اﳌﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ xو mوﺳﻴﻂ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ :
) x 2 + x − 2m(x + 1) = ln(x 2 )...(E
1
f (x) = x − m
2
ا( ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ) (Eﻳﺆول ﺣﻠ ﺎ ا ﺣﻞ اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ :
ب( ﻋ ن ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﻗﻴﻢ mاﻟ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻠ ﺎ ﺗﻘﺒﻞ اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ) (Eﺣﻠ ن ﻣﺘﻤﺎﻳﺰ ﻦ
h (5اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ∗ Rﻛﻤﺎﻳ h(x) = ln |x| :و ) (C hﻣﻨﺤﻨﺎ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ اﳌﺴﺘﻮي
−|x| − 1
ا( ﺑ ن ان اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ hزوﺟﻴﺔ
ب( ارﺳﻢ ﻧﻔﺲ اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C hﻣﺴﺘﻌﻴﻨﺎ ﺑﺎﳌﻨﺤ ) (C f
)h(x) = (x + 2)2 + 2 − 2 ln(x + 2 h (Iاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]−2; +ﺑﻤﺎﻳ :
)lim h(x
∞x→+
، )lim h(x
>
(1اﺣﺴﺐ
x → −2
2
f (x) = x + 1 +
x +2
f (IIاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]−2; +ﺑﻤﺎﻳ :
)ln(x + 2
) (C fاﳌﻨﺤ اﳌﻤﺜﻞ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ fاﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و اﳌﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) ) (O;⃗i , ⃗jوﺣﺪة اﻟﻄﻮل ( 1cm
)lim f (x
∞x→+
وﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺔ ﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎ ،ﺛﻢ اﺣﺴﺐ )lim f (x
>
(1اﺣﺴﺐ
x → −2
)h(x
= )f ′ (x :ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ ا ﺎل
[∞]−2; + (2ا(
(x + 2)2
،ﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ. ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻋ ا ﺎل
[∞]−2; + ب(
ﺑ ن ان اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( ذا اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ y = x + 1 :ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﺎﺋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (C fﺑﺠﻮار ∞+ (3ا(
ادرس وﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ا اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( ب(
اﺛ ﺖ ان اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ا ﻌﻄﺎف Aﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻌﻴ ن اﺣﺪاﺛﻴ ﺎ (4ا(
ارﺳﻢ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤ ن اﳌﻘﺎر ن و اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C f ب(
اﺣﺴﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺘ ﺘﻴﻤ اﳌﺮ ﻊ ،ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ا ا ﺪد ﺑﺎﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fو اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت اﻟ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻ ﺎ : ج(
x = −1 ، y = 0و x = 1
2
g (x) = |x + 1| +
x +2
|)| ln(x + 2 g (IIIاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]−2; +ﺑـ :
)g (x) − g (−1 )g (x) − g (−1
،ﻣﺎذا ﺴﺘ ﺘﺞ ﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ا g؟ lim
> x +1
و lim
< x +1
ا( اﺣﺴﺐ
x → −1 x → −1
⃗;(O
⃗i ,
)j اﳌ ﺴﻮي ﻣ ﺴﻮب ا اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و اﳌﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ
g (x) = x ln x + x g (Iاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل ] ]0; 3ﺑـ :
(1ادرس ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ
g
s 1.45 < α < 1.46 ] ]0; 3ﺛﻢ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ان (2ا( ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ g (x) = 2ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺣﻼ وﺣﻴﺪا α
f (x) = |x − 2| ln x ﻮ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل ] ]0; 3ﺑـ : ) (C f (IIاﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ اﳌﻘﺎﺑﻞ
2
1
−2
2 ا( ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل ) (C fﺿﻊ ﺗﺨﻤﻴﻨﺎ ﺣﻮل ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ اﺷﺘﻘﺎق اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻋﻨﺪ
ب( اﺛ ﺖ ان ﺔ ﺗﺨﻤﻴﻨﻚ
ج( ادرس ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ f
[ [π
)h(x) = (2 − cos x) ln(cos x ﻛﻤﺎﻳ : ;0
2
h (IIIاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ
h ﻮ اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ) (C h ا( ﺑ ن ان اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( ذو اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ x = π2ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) ; (C hﺣﻴﺚ
ب( ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ،ﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ وارﺳﻢ )∆( و ) (C h
)g (x) = (x + 1)2 − 2 + ln(x + 1 (Iاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ gﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]−1; +ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎرة:
[∞]−1; + (1ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ gﻋ ا ﺎل
(2ﺑ ن اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ g (x) = 0ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺣﻼ وﺣﻴﺪا αﺣﻴﺚ 0.31 < α < 0.32 :وان ln(α + 1) = 2 − (α + 1)2 :
∞x→+
)lim f (x و )lim f (x
>
(1اﺣﺴﺐ
x → −1
)2g (x
= )f ′ (x : اﺛ ﺖ اﻧﮫ ،ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ
[∞]−1; + (2
x +1
ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ، fﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ. (3
ﺑ ن ان ، f (α) = (α + 1)2 (1 + (α + 1)2 ) :ﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ ﺣﺼﺮا ﻟﻠﻌﺪد )f (α (4
ﻣﺜﻞ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﻋ ا ﺎل ]]−1; 2 (5
(Γ) (IIIاﳌﻨﺤ اﳌﻤﺜﻞ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ hاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]−1; +ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎرة .h(x) = ln(x + 1) :
Aاﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ذات اﻻﺣﺪاﺛ ﺘ ن ) (−1; 2و Mﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻣﻦ ) (Γﻓﺎﺻﻠ ﺎ x
√
s = AM (1اﺛ ﺖ ان اﳌﺴﺎﻓﺔ AMﻌﻄﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎرة
)f (x
√
(2اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ kﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]−1; +ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎرة k(x) = f (x) :
اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ [∞ ]0; +ﻛﻤﺎﻳ g (x) = x 2 + a + b ln(x) :ﺣﻴﺚ aو bﻋﺪدان ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻴﺎن. g (I
(1 (IIﻋ ن aو bﻋﻠﻤﺎ ان اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ gﻳﻘﺒﻞ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ) A(1; −1ﻣﻤﺎﺳﺎ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﺟ ﮫ
4
)2 ln(x
f (x) = x − 2 − f (IIIاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ [∞ ]0; +ﺑـ :
x
) (C fﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ اﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) ) . (O;⃗i , ⃗jوﺣﺪة اﻟﻄﻮل ( 2cm
)lim f (x
∞x→+
(1ا( اﺣﺴﺐ ) lim f (xو
>
x →0
)g (x
= )f ′ (x ب( اﺣﺴﺐ ) ، f ′ (xﺛﻢ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ان :
x2
ج( اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺷﺎرة ) ، f ′ (xﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ f
(2ا( ﺑ ن ان اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( ذا اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ y = x − 2 :ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻟـ ) ، (C fﺛﻢ ادرس وﺿﻌﻴﺔ ) (C fﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ا )∆(
(3ﻧﻘﺎش ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ ،ﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻮﺳﻴﻂ ا ﻘﻴﻘﻲ ، mﻋﺪد ﺣﻠﻮل اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ(m + 2)x + 2 ln(x) = 0 :
)ج( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ xﻣﻦ ا ﺎل [∞ [1; +ﻓﺎن g (x) ̸= 0
6 ln x
= )f (x
2x + ln x
.2ﻟﺘﻜﻦ fداﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ [∞ [1; +ﻛﻤﺎﻳ :
6 lnxx
[∞x ∈ [1; + = ) f (xﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ )ا( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ) f (xﻋ اﻟﺸ ﻞ
2 + lnxx
.3ﻌﺘ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ hاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ [∞ [1; +ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎرة h(x) = f (e x ) :و ) (C hﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ.
h)ا( ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ
)ب( ﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺎس ) (∆2ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (C hﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ اﻟ ﻓﺎﺻﻠ ﺎ 1
...
3
ﺷﻌﺒﺔ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت
3cm ) (C fﻣﻨﺤﻨﺎ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ اﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و اﳌﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) . (O;⃗i , ⃗jاﻟﻮﺣﺪة
.1ﺑﺮ ﻦ ان :
1 − x − 2x ln x < 0 • اذا ﺎن x > 1 :ﻓﺎن :
• اذا ﺎن 0 < x < 1 :ﻓﺎن 1 − x − 2x ln x > 0 :
) .2ا( اﺛ ﺖ ان اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻨﺪ 0ﻣﻦ اﻟﻴﻤ ن ﺛﻢ اﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟﻨﺼﻒ اﳌﻤﺎس )∆( ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (C fﻋﻨﺪ
ﻣﺒﺪأ اﳌﻌﻠﻢ.
)ب( ادرس اﻟﻮﺿﻊ اﻟ ﺴ ﻟـ (∆) :و ) (C f
)ب( اﺛ ﺖ ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ f (x) = 0ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ا ﺎل [∞ [1; +ﺣﻼ وﺣﻴﺪا αﺛﻢ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ان 1.76 < α < 1.77 :
)ج( اﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ) (dاﻟﺬي ﻳﻮازي )∆( و ﺸﻤﻞ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ذات اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴ ن ).(α; 0
-ارﺳﻢ ﻛﻼ ﻣﻦ ) (∆) ، (Tو ) (dﺛﻢ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﻋ ا ﺎل ][0; α
][0; α ا ﺎل x 2 ln x + m = 0 m .5وﺳﻴﻂ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ ،ﻧﺎﻗﺶ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﻴﻢ mﻋﺪد ﺣﻠﻮل اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ :
∫ 1
= )A(λ −x 2 ln xd x λ .6ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ ﺣﻴﺚ ، 0 < λ < 1 :ﻌﺘ :
λ
)lim f (x
>
∞ lim f (x) ، x→+و
<
ا( اﺣﺴﺐ )lim f (x (2
x →1 x →1
)∆( (3ﺑ ن ان اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( ذا اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ y = − 21 x + 2eﻣﻘﺎرب ﻟـ ) (C fﺛﻢ ادرس وﺿﻌﻴﺔ ) (C fﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ا
( )
ا( اﺛ ﺖ اﻧﮫ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻤﺎﺳﺎن ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (C fﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﮫ ﻞ ﻣ ﻤﺎ ﺴﺎوي − 12ﺛﻢ ﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟ ﻞ ﻣ ﻤﺎ. (4
ب( ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﻳﻘﻄﻊ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ ﻧﻘﻄﺘ ن ﻓﺎﺻﻠ ﻤﺎ αو βﺣﻴﺚ :
2 < α < 2.1و −0.5 < β < −0.4
[∞]0; + (2ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ g (x) = 0ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺣﻼ وﺣﻴﺪا αﻣﻦ ا ﺎل [ ]1.76; 1.77ﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺷﺎرة ) g (xﻋ
x +1
= ) f (x ;x > 0
x − ln x [∞[0; + (IIﻌﺘ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ fاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل
f (0) = 0
⃗;(O
⃗i ,
)j ) (C fﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ اﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و اﳌﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ
(1اﺛ ﺖ ان اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮة ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻌﺪد 0ﻋ اﻟﻴﻤ ن،
) lim f (xوﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺔ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ.
x
>
ﺛﻢ اﺣﺴﺐ
x →0
)g (x
= )f ′ (x (2ﺑ ن ان :ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ xﻣﻦ ا ﺎل [∞، ]0; +
(x − ln x)2
f ∞ x→+وﻓﺴﺮ ذﻟﻚ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ
(3اﺣﺴﺐ )lim f (x
ا( ﺑ ن ان :ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ xﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ، h(x) > 0 ،و اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ وﺿﻌﻴﺔ ) (C fﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ا اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ
)∆( ذي اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ y = 1
)lim f (x
∞x→+
(1اﺣﺴﺐ ) lim f (xو
>
x →0
)−g (x
= )f ′ (x :
[∞]0; +ا( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ xﻣﻦ ا ﺎل (2
x2
ب( ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ f
( )
ج( ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ان f (α) = 2 α1 − α :ﺛﻢ ﻋ ن ﺣﺼﺮا ﻟﮫ.
[ ]
∞ x→+ﺛﻢ ﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺔ ﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎ.ا( اﺣﺴﺐ lim f (x) + x (3
ب( ادرس وﺿﻌﻴﺔ ) (C fﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ا ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﮫ اﳌﻘﺎرب اﳌﺎﺋﻞ )∆(
ج( ﺑ ن ان ) (C fﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻤﺎﺳﺎ ) (Tﻳﻮازي )∆( ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ دﻳ ﺎرﺗﻴﺔ ﻟﮫ.
ﻧﻘﺒﻞ ان ) (C fﻳﻘﻄﻊ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ ﻧﻘﻄﺘ ن ﻓﺎﺻﻠﺘ ﻤﺎ x0و x1ﺣﻴﺚ : (4
0.22 < x 0 < 0.23و 2.11 < x 1 < 2.13
ا ) (∆) ، (Tو ) .(C f
mوﺳﻴﻂ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ .ﻧﺎﻗﺶ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ وﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﻴﻢ ، mﻋﺪد ﺣﻠﻮل اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ 3 + 2 ln x − mx = 0 : (5
∫ [ e n+1 ]
= un f (x) + x d x (IIIﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴ nﻧﻀﻊ:
en
ب( اﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﳌﻤﺎس )∆( ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (C fاﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ذات اﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ ) eﺣﻴﺚ eاﺳﺎس اﻟﻠﻮﻏﺎر ﺘﻢ اﻟﻨ ﺒ ي (
]] 2
ج( ﻋ ن ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ ﻧﻘﻂ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ ) (C fﻣﻊ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ ﺛﻢ ارﺳﻢ ) (C fﻋ ا ﺎل 0; e
g (x) = 1 − ln x g (2اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]0; +ﺑـ :
) (C gﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ.
ا( ادرس ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ
g
]] 2
ب( ﻋ ن اﻟﻮﺿﻊ اﻟ ﺴ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤﻨﻴ ن ) (C fو ) (C gﺛﻢ ارﺳﻢ ) (C gﻋ ا ﺎل 0; e
h(x) = x(ln x)2 − 2x ln x + 2x (3ﻌﺘ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ hاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]0; +ﺑـ :
[∞]0; + ا( اﺣﺴﺐ ) h ′ (xو اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ داﻟﺔ اﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ x 7→ (ln x)2 :ﻋ
∫ e
[ ]
ب( اﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻌﺪد f (x) − g (x) d x :
1
e
(1ﺑ ن ان اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﺗﻘﺒﻞ اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺼﻔﺮ ،ﺛﻢ اﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟـ ) (Tﻣﻤﺎس ) (C f
اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ذات اﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ 0
xg )(x
= ) ، f ′ (xﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ . f (2ا( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ ]، ]−1; 0[ ∪ ]0; 3
[ln(x + 1)]2
ب( ﺑ ن ان ، f (α) = 2α(α + 1) :ﺛﻢ ﻋ ن ﺣﺼﺮا ﻟـ )f (α
(4ﻋ ن ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ) (T ′اﳌﻮازي ﻟﻠﻤﺎس ) (Tو اﻟﺬي ﻳﺘﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﻣﻊ ) (C fاﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ذات اﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ .3
(5ارﺳﻢ ) (T ′ ) ، (Tو ) (C f
(6ﻧﺎﻗﺶ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ ،ﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻮﺳﻴﻂ ا ﻘﻴﻘﻲ ، mﻋﺪد ﺣﻠﻮل اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔf (x) = x + m :
)g (x
= )f ′ (x ا( ﺑ ن ان fﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]0; +و ان :
x3
اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
ب( ) (δاﳌﻨﺤ اﳌﻤﺜﻞ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ x 7→ ln xﻋ ا ﺎل [∞]0; +
1
∞ ، x→+ﻣﺎذا ﺴﺘ ﺘﺞ؟
-ادرس وﺿﻌﻴﺔ ) (C fﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ا ) (δﺛﻢ ﺟﺪ lim 2 ln x
x
-ارﺳﻢ ) (δو ) (C f
∫ x 1
(3ا( xﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ ﻣﻦ ا ﺎل [∞ ، [1; +ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل اﻟﺘ ﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺠﺰﺋﺔ ﺟﺪ
t2
ln t d t
1
-ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ان x 7→ x ln x − x :داﻟﺔ اﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ x 7→ ln xﻋ ا ﺎل
[∞[1; +
-اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ داﻟﺔ اﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ fﻋ ا ﺎل [∞[1; +
3.5 < α < 3.6 د( ﺑﺮ ﻦ ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ g (x) = 0ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺣﻠ ن ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺘ ن اﺣﺪ ﻤﺎ αﺣﻴﺚ :
) (
1
g
x
( اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺷﺎرة ) g (xﺛﻢ اﺷﺎرة
f (x) = −x 2 + x + x 2 ln x; x > 0
f (3اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ [∞ [0; +ﻛﻤﺎﻳ :
f (0) = 0
)f (x
limوﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺔ ﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎ. > x
ا( اﺣﺴﺐ
x →0
...
اﻟﻘﺴﻢ IV
)f (x) = e u(x) − u(x .3ﺗﺤﻘﻖ اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ [∞ x ∈ ]0; +ﻓﺎن :
[ ]
f ′ (x) = u ′ (x) e u(x)−1 .4ﺑ ن ان ∞lim f (x) = +
∞ x→+و ∞ lim f (x) = +ﺗﺤﻘﻖ اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ [∞ x ∈ ]0; +ﻓﺎن:
>
x →0
f .5ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻳ ﻮن f ′ (x) > 0 :اذا وﻓﻘﻂ اذا ، x ∈ ]1; 4[ ∪ ]α; +∞[ ،ﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ات
e x − 2x > 0 .6ﺗﺤﻘﻖ اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ x ∈ Rﻓﺎن :
;
) (Γ) (C .7اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﻟﻮﺿﻊ اﻟ ﺴ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ
[]0; 15 ا ﺰء اﳌﺮﻓﻖ ﻋ ا ﺎل ) (C .8ارﺳﻢ اﳌﻨﺤ
6
5 )(D
4
3
)(Γ
2
1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
−1
−2
−3
(2ا( اﺣﺴﺐ ) lim f (xو ) lim f (xﺛﻢ ﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺔ ا ﺼﻞ ﻋﻠ ﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ.
> <
x →e x →e
∞ x→+ﺛﻢ ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﺑﺠﻮار ∞ +ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪﻩ ب( )lim f (x
ج( ) lim f (xﺛﻢ ﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺔ ا ﺼﻞ ﻋﻠ ﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ) .ﻻﺣﻆ ( x(1 − ln x) = x − x ln x : >
x →0
ln x
= )f ′ (x (3ا( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ : D f
x 2 (1 − ln x)2
[∞]e; + وﻣ اﻳﺪة ﻋ ﻛﻼ ﻣﻦ ا ﺎﻟ ن [ [1; eو ]]0; 1ب( ﺑ ن ان اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل
ج( ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻋ D f
ﻣﺴﺘﻮ g (IIﻟﺘﻜﻦ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ gو اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]0; +ﻛﻤﺎﻳ g (x) = 1 − x 2 (1 − ln x) :و ) (C gاﳌﻨﺤ اﳌﻤﺜﻞ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ
ﻣ ﺴﻮب ا ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و ﻣﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) ) (O; #»i ; #»jاﻧﻈﺮ اﻟﺸ ﻞ(
4
3
1
(6اﺷﺮح ﻛﻴﻒ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ا ﺼﻮل ﻋ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C ′اﳌﻤﺜﻞ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ kاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ [0; +ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎرة
) ، k(x) = ln(ex − 2e px + 2eﺛﻢ ارﺳﻢ اﳌﻨﺤ ) .(C ′
g (x) = 1 + x 2 − 2x 2 ln x (Iﻌﺘ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ gاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]1; +ﻛﻤﺎﻳ :
اﺣﺴﺐ
)lim g (x
∞x→+
(1
ادرس ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ، gﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ. (2
s ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ g (x) = 0ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺣﻼ وﺣﻴﺪا αﻋ ا ﺎل ] .[1; eاوﺟﺪ ﺣﺼﺮا ﻟـ αﺳﻌﺘﮫ 10−1 (3
اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺷﺎرة ).g (x (4
(IIﻌﺘ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]1; +ﻛﻤﺎﻳ f (x) = 1ln+ xx 2 :و ) (C fﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ اﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا
»#» #
اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ ) (O; i ; j
)g (x
= )f ′ (x : ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ ا ﺎل
[∞]1; + (1ا(
x(1 + x 2 )2
اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻋ ا ﺎل
[∞]1; + ب(
ln x
اﺛ ﺖ اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻖ [∞.0 ≤ f (x) ≤ x 2 ، x ∈ [1; + ج(
اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ )lim f (x د(
∞x→+
...
اﻟﻘﺴﻢ V
...
4
ﺷﻌﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻮم ﺗﺠﺮ ﻴﺔ
g (x) = x 2 + 2 ln x ا ﺰء اﻷول g :داﻟﺔ ﻋﺪدﻳﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ [∞ ]0; +ﺑـ :
(1ادرس ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ .g
(2ﺑ ن أن اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ g (x) = 0ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺣﻼ وﺣﻴﺪا αﺣﻴﺚ .0.75 < α < 0.76 :
(3اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﻴﻢ xاﺷﺎرة ).g (x
2
f (x) = 1 − x +
x
ا ﺰء اﻟﺜﺎ ﻲ :ﻌﺘ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ fاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ [∞ ]0; +ﺑـ:
)(1 + ln x
⃗;(O ﺴ ) (C fاﳌﻨﺤ اﳌﻤﺜﻞ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ fاﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و ﻣﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) j
⃗; i
)lim f (x
>
∞ x→+و
ا( اﺣﺴﺐ )lim f (x (1
x →0
ب( ﺑ ن أن اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( ذا اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ y = −x + 1 :ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (C fﺑﺠﻮار ∞ ، +ﺛﻢ أدرس وﺿﻌﻴﺔ ) (C fﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ
ا )∆(.
)g (x
f ′ (x) = − : (2ا( أﺛ ﺖ أﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ
[∞]0; +
x2
ب( اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fوﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
(3ا( ﺑ ن أن اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻤﺎﺳﺎ ) (Tﻳﻮازي )∆( ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟﮫ.
ب( أﺛ ﺖ أن f (α) = 1 − 2α + α2 :واﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ ﺣﺼﺮا ﻟـ ). f (α
اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ. ) (C f ج( أﺣﺴﺐ ) f (2و ) f (3ﺛﻢ أرﺳﻢ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤ ن )∆( (T ) ،و اﳌﻨﺤ
(4ﻧﺎﻗﺶ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻮﺳﻴﻂ ا ﻘﻴﻘﻲ ، mﻋﺪد ﺣﻠﻮل اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ . x2 (1 + ln x) = m :
λ (5ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ أﻛ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ .1
ﻣﻦ اﳌﺴﺘﻮي ا ﺪد ﺑﺎﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fو اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت اﻟ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻ ﺎ : ا( أﺣﺴﺐ ) A(λﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ا
x = λ ، x = 1و . y = −x + 1
ب( ﻋ ن ﻗﻴﻤﺔ λﻳﺤﻴﺚ ﻳ ﻮن . A(λ) = ln λ3 :
a
f a (x) = 1 − x +
x
))(1 + ln(x ﺑـ :
[∞]0; + ا ﺰء اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ a :ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ f a ،داﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل
. ⃗;(O
⃗i ,
)j وﻟﻴﻜﻦ ) (C aﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ اﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب إ ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و ﻣﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ
ﺸﻤﻞ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻌﻴ ن اﺣﺪاﺛﻴ ﺎ. ) (C a (1أﺛ ﺖ أن ﺟﻤﻴﻊ اﳌﻨﺤﻨﻴﺎت
( ) ( )
2 ln a 4
ا ﻤﻠﺔ اﳌﺜﻘﻠﺔ : ﻣﺮ Ga ،وﻟﺘﻜﻦ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ )C (−2a; 2a − 2 و ;B 1
a
، ;A −2
a
اﻟﻨﻘﻂ (2ﻌﺘ
}){(A; 1), (B ; 2), (C ; −1
(2اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺷﺎرة ) .g (xﺛﻢ ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ [∞ x ∈ ]0; +ﻓﺎن 0 < ln(x + 1) < x
( )
x +1
f (x) = x + lnو ) (Cﺛﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ ﻣﺴﺘﻮ ﻣ ﺴﻮب ا x −1
) f IIداﻟﺔ ﻋﺪدﻳﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ [∞ x ∈ ]−∞; −1[ ∪ ]1; +ﺑـ :
ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و ﻣﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) (O; #»i ; #»jﻓﺎن f ′ (x) = xx 2 −− 31ﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ات ﻋ ا ﺎل
2
[∞]1; +
) IIIﺑﺮ ﻦ ان اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ) (Dاﻟﺬي ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺘﮫ y = x :ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (Cﺛﻢ ادرس وﺿﻌﻴﺔ ) (Cﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ا اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )) (D
ﻻﺣﻆ ان ( x ∈ ]1; +∞[ ، xx −+ 11 = 1 + x −2 1
) (C اﳌﻨﺤ ) IVارﺳﻢ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ) (Dﺛﻢ ا
∫ )
(
4 x +1
ln
x −1
d x = 5 ln 5 − 6 ln 3 ) Vﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل اﳌ ﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺠﺰﺋﺔ ﺑ ن ان :
2
،
x =4 x =2 ، y =x و اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت :
) (C -اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ا اﳌﺴﺘﻮي ا ﺪد ﺑـ
u n = f (n) − n ) (un ) VIﻣﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻋﺪدﻳﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ N − 0; 1ﻛﻤﺎﻳ :
ا( ﺑﺮ ﻦ ان اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) (unﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ
ب( اﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ا ﻤﻮع S n = u 2 + u 3 + · · · + n :ﺑﺪﻻﻟﺔ n
2
< 0 < u nﺛﻢ ﻋ ن lim u n ج( ﺑﺮ ﻦ اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ } n ∈ N − {0; 1ﻓﺎن
∞n→+ n −1
ب( ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ، gﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ وﺿﻌﻴﺔ ) (C fﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ا )(D
ا ﺰء اﻟﺜﺎ ﻲ
∫ 1
n = I nﺑﺪﻻﻟﺔ 1
x 2 ln xd x n (1ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴ ﻏ ﻣﻌﺪوم ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل اﻟﺘ ﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺠﺰﺋﺔ اﺣﺴﺐ
n
اﳌﺴﺘﻮي ا ﺪد ﺑﺎﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fو اﳌﻤﺎس ) (Dو اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤ ن ذا اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺘ ن (2اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ ﺑﺪﻻﻟﺔ nاﳌﺴﺎﺣﺔ ) A(nﺑـ cm 2 :ﻟ
1
= xو x = 1ﺛﻢ اﺣﺴﺐ )lim A(n
∞n→+ n
3
2 )(Γ
1
ب( اﺣﺴﺐ ) ، g (2ﺛﻢ ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ g (x) = 0ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺣﻼ وﺣﻴﺪا αﺣﻴﺚ 2.87 < α < 2.88 :
...
5
ﺷﻌﺒﺔ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت
∞.x→+
(1اﺣﺴﺐ ) lim f (xو )lim f (x
∞x→−
)(Γ ج( اﺷﺮح ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ رﺳﻢ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (Γاﳌﻤﺜﻞ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ hاﻧﻄﻼﻗﺎ ﻣﻦ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (Cﺛﻢ ارﺳﻢ
) (Cو اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت اﻟ ب( λﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ ﺣﻴﺚ .− 21 < λ ≤ 32اﺣﺴﺐ ) S(λﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ا اﳌﺴﺘﻮي ا ﺪد ﺑﺎﳌﻨﺤ
3
ﻣﻌﺎدﻻ ﺎ = x = λ ، xو . y = 0ﺛﻢ اﺣﺴﺐ )lim S(λ
>
λ → 21 2
f (x) = −3x + m (7ﻧﺎﻗﺶ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻮﺳﻴﻂ ا ﻘﻴﻘﻲ mﻋﺪد و اﺷﺎرة ﺣﻠﻮل اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ
¯ ¯ { }
¯¯ 3 ¯¯ 1
2 2
g (8داﻟﺔ ﻋﺪدﻳﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ R − − 21ﺑـ :
|g (x) = + ¯x + ¯ − 2 ln |2x + 1
1
ﺑﺮ ﻦ ان اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ) (Kاﻟﺬي ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺘﮫ x = −ﻣﺤﻮر ﺗﻨﺎﻇﺮ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (C gاﳌﻤﺜﻞ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ g
2
-اﺷﺮح ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ا ﺸﺎء اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C gاﻧﻄﻼﻗﺎ ﻣﻦ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (Cﺛﻢ ا ﺸﺌﮫ.
) (Tb ب( اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ وﺟﻮد ﻣﻤﺎﺳ ن ) (Taو ) (Tbﻳﻤﺮان ﺑﺎﳌﺒﺪأ Oﺛﻢ ﻋ ن ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻞ ﻣﻦ ) (Taو
(5ارﺳﻢ اﳌﻤﺎﺳ ن ) (Tb ) ، (Taﺛﻢ ا اﳌﻨﺤ ) .(C
(6ﻧﺎﻗﺶ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻮﺳﻴﻂ ا ﻘﻴﻘﻲ mﺣﻠﻮل اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ f (x) = mx
∫ e2 (ln x)n
= In
x2
dx (IIﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴ ﻏ ﻣﻌﺪوم nﻧﻀﻊ :
1
3
I1 = 1 −
e2
(1ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل اﳌ ﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺠﺰﺋﺔ ﺑ ن ان :
n+1
n≥1 (2ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل اﳌ ﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺠﺰﺋﺔ ﺑﺮ ﻦ ان I n+1 = −2e 2 + (n + 1)I n :ﺣﻴﺚ :
(3اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ اﳌﻀﺒﻮﻃﺔ ﻟـ I 2و ﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺔ ﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎ.
ﻧﺎﺧﺬ : α = 1
1
< ln(1+β)−ln β (1ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل اﻟﺴﺆال ) (2ﻣﻦ ا ﺰء اﻻول ،ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴ ﻏ ﻣﻌﺪوم βﻳ ﻮن
β
1 1 1
ln(1 + n) < 1 + + +···+
2 3 n
(2اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴ ﻏ ﻣﻌﺪوم nﻳ ﻮن :
( )
1 1 1
lim
∞n→+
1+ + +···+
2 3 n
(3اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﻟ ﺎﻳﺔ
(4ﻋ ن اﺣﺪاﺛ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ wاﻟ ﻳ ﻮن ﻋﻨﺪ ﺎ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﮫ اﳌﻤﺎس ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (C 1ﺴﺎوي 1