adamianiT vaWrobis (trefikingis)

formebi

seqsualuri da SromiTi eqspluatacia,

rogorc adamianiT vaWrobis (trefikingis)
formebi
palermos konvenciis damatebiTi oqmis mixedviT, rogorc
ukve aRiniSna, eqpluatacia moicavs prostituciis
eqspluatacias an seqsualuri eqspluataciis sxva formebs,
iZulebiT Sromas an momsaxurebas, monobas an monobis msgavs
praqtikas, ymobas an organoebis amoRebas 1 . gamomdinare aqedan,
adamianiT vaWroba (trefikingi) mxolod msxverplTa
seqsualur eqspluatacias ar niSnavs, miuxedavad imisa, rom
adamianiT vaWrobis (trefikingis) am aspeqtSi ganxilva XXI
saukunis dasawyisSi yvelaze gavrcelebuli iyo. kvlevebis
analizisa da gasuli wlebis aSS saxelmwifo departamentis
angariSebis mixedviT, es midgoma mniSvnelovnad Seicvala2.
dReisaTvis msoflio adamianiT vaWrobas (trefikings)
ganixilavs ara mxolod rogorc msxverplis seqsualur
eqspluatacias.
adamianiT vaWroba (trefikingi), gansakuTrebiT
arasrulwlovniT vaWroba (trefikingi), mravali mizniT
SeiZleba ganxorcieldes, romelTa Soris seqsualur
eqspluataciasTan erTad yvelaze gavrcelebulia iZulebiTi
3
SromiTi eqspluatacia. xelSemwyob garemoebaTagan
aRsaniSnavia is faqtori, rom iZulebiTi Sroma xSir
SemTxvevaSi ganixileba rogorc aralegaluri dasaqmeba da
eqspluatirebul adamianebs xSirad ganixilaven rogorc
aralegalur migrantebs da ara rogorc adamianiT vaWrobis
(trefikingis) msxverplebs. 4 miuxedavad imisa, rom aseTi
                                                                                                                       
1
ix.: sqolio 3, me-.3 (a) muxli.
http://www.childtrafficking.org/eng/conventions_end_guidelenes/ctoc_palermo_protocol.pdf
Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, Supplementing the
United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime, UN Convention (Palermo Protocol)  
2
ix.: U.S. Government, Assesment of U.S. Government activities to Combat Trafficking in Persons,
www.state.gov/civiliansecurityanddemocracy/traffickinginhumanpersons/reports  
3
ix.: Surteest,R. (2006) Child Trafficking in Southeastern Europe:Different Forms of Trafficking
andAlternative Interventions, 14 Tuline Journal of International and Comparative Law., Vol.14. gv. 455.  
4
ix.: sqolio 211, gv.  99.  
kategoriis adamianebi SromiT regulaciebis arRveven, es xdeba
maTi adamianiT vaWrobis (trefikingis) situaciaSi yofnis gamo
da bevri qveynis (maT Soris saqarTvelos) kanonmdebloba,
adamianiT vaWrobis (trefikingis) msxverpls aTavisuflebs
mTeli rigi danaSaulebisagan, Tu es danaSauli Cadenilia
adamianiT vaWrobis (trefikingis) msxverplad yofnis gamo.5
SromiTi eqspluataciis Kkidev erTi forma, romelmac am
saukunis dasawyisSi gansakuTrebiT moikida fexi, aris
eqspluatacia diplomatiuri korpusis mier, sadac arcTu
iSviaTia SinamosamsaxureTa SromiTi eqspluatacia. 6 SeiZleba
iTqvas, rom aRniSnuli forma adamianiT vaWrobis
(trefikingis) zogadi wesidan gamonakliss warmoadgens,
vinaidan gamoxatulia ZiriTadad Sina mosamsaxureobaSi da
msxverplis Warb eqspluataciaSi kerZo rezidenciis
farglebSi. Sesabamisad, es faqtori kidev ufro arTulebs
monitoringis efeqturi RonisZiebebis SemuSavebas da
ganxorcielebas.

arasrulwlovnis eqspluatacia, rogorc

adamianiT vaWrobis (trefikingis) forma
seqsualuri da SromiTi eqspluataciis formebis garda,
mniSvnelovania SevexoT arasrulwlovniT vaWrobas
(trefikings), vinaidan bevri qveynis kanonmdeblobiT,
arasrulwlovniT vaWrobis (trefikingis) kriminalizacia
calke saknonmdeblo aqtebiT ganxorcielda.
arasrulwlovniT vaWrobis (trefikingis) meTodebisa da
meqanizmebis mixedviT, praqtikaSi Camoyalibda adamianiT
vaWrobis (trefikingis) msxverpli arasrulwlovnis
eqspluataciis Semdegi formebi:
(a) SromiTi eqspluatacia, arasrulwlovanTa Savi Sromis
gamoyeneba samrewvelo sawarmoebSi, ukiduresi eqspluataciis
pirobebSi da samuSaos datovebis yovelgvari SesaZleblobis
gareSe. amgvari situacia gansakuTrebiT maSin gamoiyeneba, Tu
adamianiT vaWrobis (trefikingis) procesSi naTesavebi an
                                                                                                                       
5
ix.: saqarTvelos kanoni adamianiT vaWrobis (trefikingis) winaaaRmdeg brZolis
Sesaxeb, 2006 wlis 28 apriliN# 2944 – I, 15-e muxli.
6
ix: Vanderberg, M. E. & Levy,A,F.(2012)Human Trafficking and Diplomatic Immunity:Impunity no
more?, Intercultural Human Rights Law Review,Vol 77, gv. 88-89.
arasrulwlovnis axloblebi monawileoben, an
arasrulwlovani martoa da amis gamo daSinebis SesaZlebloba
metia;
(b) maTxovroba, roca mogebis mizniT xdeba arasrulwlovanTa
daSineba, Seuracxyofa da am meTodiT maTi Sromis gamoyeneba;
(g) seqsualuri eqspluatacia, gansakuTrebiT gogonebis (Tumca,
arsebobs vaJebis seqsualuri eqspluataciis SemTxvevebic). 7
rogorc kvlevebi adastureben, gavrcelebulia quCis
prostitucia, prostitucia kerZo saxlebsa Tu Ramis
klubebSi, agreTve pedofiliur-pornografiul filmebSi
gamoyeneba;
(d) aralegaluri gaSvileba organoTa transplantaciis
mizniT.8
gaeros bavSvis uflebaTa konvenciis 32-e muxlis
Tanaxmad, ,,monawile saxelmwifoebi aRiareben bavSvis uflebas,
daculi iyos ekonomikuri eqspluataciisa da nebismieri iseTi
samuSaos Sesrulebisagan, romelic SeiZleba emuqrebodes mis
sicocxles an janmrTelobas da xels uSlides ganaTlebis
miRebaSi, an zians ayenebdes mis janmrTelobas, fizikur,
gonebriv, sulier, moralur da socialur ganviTarebas“.9
rogorc praqtika da naSromSi miTiTebuli kvlevebi
cxadyofs, SromiTi eqspluataciis gavrcelebuli formaa
soflis meurneobaSi, samSeneblo seqtorSi dasaqmeba, agreTve
gavrcelebulia dasaqmeba msubuq mrewvelobaSi, sadac
arasrulwlovnebs aiZuleben umZimes da eqspluataciur
10
pirobebSi Sromas. arasrulwlovanTa gamoyeneba xdeba
agreTve iseT gavrcelebul biznesSi, rogoricaa quCis
11
maTxovroba. aseT SemTxvevebSi arcTu iSviaTia
arasrulwlovanTa dasaxiCreba TanagrZnobisa da sibralulis
gamowvevis mizniT. Erogorc praqtika gviCvenebs, gamoricxuli

                                                                                                                       
7
ix.: Crile, S. (2012) A Minor Conflict: Why The Objectives of Federal Sex Trafficking Legislation
Preteempt the Enforcement of State Prostitution Law Against Minors, Ameirican University Law Review,
Vol. 61. gv. 1787-1790.
8
ix.: sqolio 23, gv. 30.  
9
ix.: gaeros konvencia bavSvis uflebaTa Sesaxeb, 32-e muxli,
http://chirdtrafficking.org/eng/conventions_and_quidelenes/convention_on_the_rights_of_the_child.pdf
10
ix.: sqolio 225, gv. 1787-1790.
11
ix.: sqolio 199, gv. 205.  
ar aris iZulebiTi Sromis msxverpli seqsualuri Zaladobis
msxverplic gaxdes.12
praqtikam aseve gamoavlina rom maTxovrobisas unda
ganvasxvavoT maTxovroba ,,nebayoflobiT“, maTxovrobis
iZulebiTi formisagan. Ee.w. nebayoflobiTi maTxovrobisas, am
saqmianobaSi mTeli ojaxia CarTuli bavSvebis CaTvliT, rac
ojaxis mZime socialuri mdgomareobiT aris gamowveuli da am
bavSvis Sromas ojaxis specifikuri mdgomareoba
ganapirobebs. 13 rac Seexeba arasrulwlovanTa iZulebiT
maTxovrobas, am formis gamoyenebiT arasrulwlovans
avaldebuleben, imaTxovros im pirTa sasargeblod, romlebic
misi ojaxis wevrebi ar arian da arasrulwlovnisagan mTel
Tanxas iTviseben. am tipis maTxovrobis gamoyeneba pirvelad
daiwyo italiaSi, 1980-ian wlebSi slavuri warmoSobis
bavSvebis gamoyenebiT. 14 SemdgomSi masStabi gafarTovda da
axla albanel, marokoel arasrulwlovnebsac moicavs.
albanelebs ZiriTadad organizebuli danaSaulebrivi jgufebi
akontroleben.15 italiaSi arasrulwlovan ucxoel maTxovarTa
ricxvi 8000 Seadgens.16
gansakuTrebiT gavrcelebulia arasrulwlovanis gamoyeneba
adamianiT vaWrobis (trefikingis) iseTi formisas, rogoricaa
jibis qurdoba da sxva wvrilmani danaSaulebi. kvlevebi
adastureben, rom gavrcelebulia boSa arasrulwlovanTa
gamoyeneba fulis moparvisaTvis. arasrulwlovanTa gamoyeneba
aseve xSiria narkovaWrobasa da narkotikebis gadatanaSi.
bolo dros, aseve SeiniSneba kidev erTi iseTi tendencia,
rogoricaa trefikingi sportSi. 17 Kkvlevebis mixedviT,
yovelwliurad msoflioSi milionze meti bavSvi xdeba
adamianiT vaWrobis (trefikingis) msxverpli, xolo aqedan 80 %
gogonebia. 18 EadamianiT vaWrobis eqspluataciis msxverpli
bavSvebis zusti raodenobis gansazRvra metad rTulia,

                                                                                                                       
12
ix.: sqolio 26, gv. 138-140.
13
ix.: iqve  
14
ix.: sqolio 225, gv. 33-34.
15
ix.: sqolio 220, gv. 11.
16
ix.: iqve
17
ix.: iqve, gv.  35.  
18
ix.: sqolio 103, gv. 392.
vinaidan adamianiT vaWrobis (trefikingis) erTgvarovani gageba
da meTodologia ar arsebobs19.
zemoaRniSnul da ganxilul adamianiT vaWrobis
(trefikingis) formebs Soris erT-erTi yvelaze sagangaSoa
arasrulwlovnis seqsualuri eqspluatacia. eqspluataciis am
gavrcelebul formas Tan axlavs msxverplis mimarT
Zaladoba, Seuracxyofa, sastiki damokidebuleba da mopyroba.20
arasrulwlovanTa seqsualuri eqspluatacia gansakuTrebiT
momgebiani biznesia ganviTarebad qveynebSi. arasrulwlovanTa
prostituciaSi Cabmis mizniT eqspluataciisas Semdeg oTx
fazas gamoyofen:
(a) msxverplTa gadabireba maTi warmoSobis qveynebSi;
(b) msxverplTa gadayvana daniSnulebis qveyanaSi;
g) eqspluatacia;
(d) msxverplTa gaqcevis mcdeloba (rac arcTu ise iSviaTia
da swored am damaxasiaTebeli garemoebis gamo iqna calke
21
fazad aRiarebuli). arasrulwlovnis mimarT
ganxorcielebuli CamoTvlili fazebi, gansakuTrebiT ki
pirveli faza, srulwlovani msxverplis mimarT
ganxorcielebuli qmedebis identuria, Tumca arsebobs
Taviseburebebic. daniSnulebis adgilas Casvlisas msxverpli
gogonebi xvdebian adamianiT movaWreTa srul mflobelobaSi,
romlebic maTze Zaladobis da Seuracxyofis gamoyenebiT
axerxeben maT dayoliebas da damorCilebas. gogonebs
aiZuleben damalon realuri asaki. policiis mier maTi
dapatimrebis SemTxvevaSi, arasrulwlovnis identificireba
sakmaod garTulebulia. 22 qalebisgan gansxvavebiT, romelTa
gamoyeneba meZavebad xdeba quCebSi, klubebsa da SedarebiT Ria
adgilebSi, arasrulwlovani gogonebis seqsualuri
eqspluatacia daxurul adgilebSi xdeba, rac policiis an
Sesabamisi samsaxuris mier maTi aRmoCenis SesaZleblobas
kidev ufro amcirebs. dokumentebis armqone arasrulwlovani
xSirad erTi adgilidan meoreSi gadahyavT da aseTi

                                                                                                                       
19
ix.: iqve
20
ix.: sqolio 225, gv.  1787-­‐1790.
21
ix. iqve
22
ix.: sqolio 79, gv. 32-34.
mobilurobis mizani policiisgan Tavis dacvaa. 23 bolo fazad
aRiarebuli, e.w. gaqcevis mcdelobis etapze arasrulwlovani
cdilobs gaeqces adamianiT movaWresa da Tavi daaRwios
eqspluatacias. zog SemTxvevaSi arasrulwlovnebs klientebi
exmarebian, an sakuTari ZalebiT axerxeben gaqcevas, Tumca
riski imisa, rom kvlav eqspluataciur pirobebsa da garemoSi
aRmoCndnen, maRalia.
bolo periodSi aseve SeimCneva arasrulwlovanTa
gamoyeneba naTesavebis an meurveTa mier Sinamosamsaxureebad,
romlis drosac maT ekrZalebaT Tavisufali gadaadgileba da
sazogadoebrivi transportis gamoyeneba, ezRudebaT sakvebi da
a.S. aseTi SemTxvevebis dros ismeba sakiTxi adamianis
uflebaTa da ZiriTad TavisuflebaTa dacvis evropuli
konvenciis me-4 muxlis darRvevis Taobaze. C.N. da V.
safrangeTis winaaRmdeg saqmeze adamianis uflebaTa evropuli
sasamarTlos mier 24 msgavsi xasiaTis qmedebebis mimarT
dadgenili iqna aRniSnuli konvenciis me-4 muxlis darRveva.

adamianiT vaWroba (trefikingi) organoTa

transplantaciis mizniT
adamianiT vaWrobis (trefikingis) SedarebiT ufro mcire
masStabiT, magram mainc gavrcelebuli formaa adamianiT
vaWroba (trefikingi) organoTa transplantaciis mizniT.
palermos konvenciis damatebiTi oqmis Tanaxmad, organoTa
transplantaciis mizniT adamianis yidva-gayidva, adamianiT
vaWrobis (trefikingis) formas warmoadgens. amasTan, igi ar
aris gaTvaliswinebuli evrokavSiris CarCo gadawyvetilebiT
trefikingis Sesaxeb. Tumca, saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT,
adamianiT vaWrobis (trefikingis) definiciis SeniSvnaSi
adamianiT vaWroba organoTa transplantaciis mizniT
25
moxseniebulia rogorc trefikingis forma .

                                                                                                                       
23
ix.: merabiSvili, d. (2009) trefikingis problema saqarTveloSi, Jurnali
,,komersanti“ 1(6), gv. 97.
24
ix.: adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba saqmeze c.n. da
v. safrangeTis winaaRmdeg( C.N. and V. v. France) (11.01.2013) European Court of Human Rights,
N. 67724/09.  
25
ix.: sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 1431 muxlis SeniSvna:
 organoTa transplantaciis mizniT adamianiT vaWrobas
(trefikings) kidev ufro Seuwyo xeli medicinis ganviTarebam,
roca SesaZlebeli gaxda operaciebi adamianis mraval
organoze – gulze, Tirkmelze, RviZlze, Tvalze, Zvlis tvinsa
Tu sxva organoebze, Aaseve, iSviaTi jgufis sisxliT
vaWrobaze. donorobis mizniT adamianiT vaWrobas
(trefikings) kidev ufro amwvavebs adamianis organoebze
moTxovnilebis zrda26.
A amrigad, adamianiT vaWrobis (trefikingis) danaSaulis
formebi SeiZleba iyos adamianiT vaWrobis (trefikingis)
msxverplis SromiTi Tu seqsualuri eqspluatacia, adamianebiT
vaWroba organoTa transplantaciis mizniT, aseve
arasrulwlovniT vaWroba ganixileba rogorc adamianiT
vaWrobis (trefikingis) forma.

                                                                                                                       
26
ix.: baZaRua, m. (2011) adamianiT vaWroba trefikingi, gv. 57.