CSE REVIEWER – VERBAL ABILITY; GENERAL INFORMATION

correct
Find the mistake. r information ✓
1. The reporter was able to give the audience useful informations. 13. That is the most correct answer to my question.

✓ Uncountable nouns do not take the article “a” or “an”. These ✓ Absolute modifiers have no comparative and superlative
nouns do not have plural forms. forms; therefore, they should not be used in comparisons.

Example: advice, information, progress, news, luck, fun, Example of absolute modifiers: perfect, straight, main, first,
work, water, rice, cement, gold, milk, weather, thunder, tomorrow, yesterday, now
lightning, rain, snow, furniture, equipment, rubbish,
luggage, accommodation, baggage, homework, 2 negative words ( anything
knowledge, money, permission, research, traffic, travel 14. The surprised woman could not say nothing.

ris ✓ Never use two negative words in the same clause or

2. She will be going to travel to Paris next month. sentence.

✓
verb
The two forms of the future tense: will + base form (MV) and /
/
his her
be going to + base form (MV) should not be used together. 15. Everyone needs to show their signed permit before the start of
the show.
✓
tell
3. Did you told your parents what had happened? ✓ Singular indefinite pronouns (everybody, anyone,
someone, anybody, each) should be used with singular
✓ Always use the helping verbs: did/does/do with the base personal pronouns (he, she, it).
form of the main verb.
student ARGUMENT = Premise + Conclusion
✓
4. Each students was given something to do. Premise: provides reason for accepting conclusion “because…”
Conclusion: established by the premise “therefore…”
✓ Each, every and one used as adjectives are always
followed by singular nouns. Two Types of Argument:
1. Deductive
RI ✓ Valid or invalid
5. My friend and me prepared lunch for the visitors. ✓ If the premise is true, then the conclusion is true.
✓ The conclusion is absolutely supported by the premise.
✓ Only nominative pronouns such as I/he/she/they/we are
used as subjects in sentences. Objective pronouns such as 2. Inductive
me/him/her/them/us are always used as objects in ✓ Never described as valid or invalid
sentences. ✓ The conclusion is probably supported by the premise.

r that Conditional Statement “If – then”

6. The reason for her silence was because she could not Format: If P then Q
understand you.
If the house is haunted, then there is a supernatural being.
✓ Never use redundant expressions. Premise: If the house is haunted
Conclusion: there is supernatural being
Example: “like for example”, “for me, I think”, “but however”
→ infer ; therefore → imply ; suggest
r like Conclusion VS. Assumption
7. The old man does not likes to be helped by his neighbor. 1. Conclusion → general
✓ With reference (basis)
→ direct
✓ Do/does/did + base form of the verb ✓ Specifically stated
summary →

( My brother and I → compound subject 2. Assumption → probable

8. I and my brother used to quarrel when we were young. ✓ Unstated (implied)
✓ Statement that supports the conclusion
→ possible
✓ The pronoun “I” used as a part of a compound subject indirect
→

should never come first. Activity.

Conclusion:
rwent
9. We go to London when I was 14 years old.
✓ Use past tenses to talk about events in the past, future
tenses in the future, and present tenses in the present.
(
is
10. One of the players are injured.
✓ A singular subject takes a singular verb. A plural subject
takes a plural verb.
rbelter
11. Vincent’s speech is more better than your speech.
✓ A comparative adjective/adverb should not be preceded by
“more”. A superlative adjective/adverb should not be
preceded by “most”.
emine
12. My friend’s house is farther than me.
1. If you pay your taxes, then more roads are built. If more roads
are built, then all farmers will be self-reliant.
a. Roads are built for the farmers.
b. If you pay your taxes, then more farmers will be self-
reliant.
c. If Vincent is a farmer, then he is self-reliant.
d. If more farmers are self-reliant, then you pay your taxes.
e. If taxes collected are below target, the infrastructure
projects will be lesser.
2. People need guns for security. Students in the university are
protected by the university police while on campus. Vincent is a
student in the university.
a. Vincent wants to carry a gun on campus but is
prohibited.
b. Vincent does not need to carry a gun on campus.
c. Vincent needs a gun to protect him.
d. Vincent had a gun but discarded it when he entered the
university.
e. Gun cause violence on campus.

✓ Compare things or ideas that are logically connected or

equal.
3. All detectives are scientific persons. All inventors are creative d. Deriving or drawing a statement from particular instances.
persons. Rose is a scientific person. Nicole is not a creative
person. 13. The announcement on the school bulletin board is very explicit
a. Rose is not a detective. to be held that night. Only girls below 15 years old and can sing
b. Rose is a detective. high notes will be accepted to participate in the upcoming
c. Nicole is not an inventor. musical contest. Nicole who was 14 years old was easily
d. Nicole is an inventor. accepted when she auditioned. This means that _____.
e. Nicole is also a scientific person. A. Nicole can sing high notes.
B. Nicole qualified because she is 14 years old.
Assumption: C. Nicole can sing well.
4. Narcotics are dangerous since their effects include extensive D. Nicole is a former choir member and so can sing high
brain damage. notes.
a. Brain damage is a cause of narcotics.
b. All substance abuse leads to brain damage. 14. All lawyers are good in English and are interest in politics.
c. Extensive brain damage is a sign of drug abuse. Vincent is good in English and is interested in politics. Which
d. Anything that causes extensive brain dagame is will hold TRUE of Vincent?
dangerous. a. Vincent is like a lawyer, good in English and interest in
e. Narcotics should be banned. politics.
b. Vincent will enter politics.
5. Vincent is not qualified to run for public office. He is an honest c. Vincent will be a good lawyer.
person. d. Vincent will seriously study English and Political Science
a. Running for public office is an easy task. subjects.
b. Only dishonest people are qualified to run for public office.
c. The qualifications for running for public office are 15. V is taller than X but shorter than Y and Z. W is shorter than Y
unreasonable. but taller than Z. Arrange all five in a row according to height
d. Unqualified honest persons run for public office. with the shortest at the left and the tallest at the right. What is
e. Not enough honest persons run for public office. the correct order of their arrangement from left to right?
a. Y Z V W X
6. Digital effects are not for me. I do not belong to the present b. W Y Z X V
generation. c. X Z V W Y
a. The present obligation is not realistic. d. X V Z W Y
b. The past generation does not like digital effects. e. W Y Z V X
c. Digital effects do not appeal to the new generation.
d. Digital effects look fake to the future generation. 16. Mark, Ben, Alex, and Carlo have surnames Frias, Moreno,
e. Digital effects appeal to the present generation. Pacis, and Reyes but not respectively. Mark is taller than Alex
and Carlo. Mr. Moreno is the tallest of the four. Mr. Frias is taller
7. From the statement “If you study hard, you will pass the Civil than Mr. Reyes but shorter than Mr. Pacis. Also, Carlo is taller
Service Exams”, which of the following can be inferred? than Alex and Ben. What is the full name of the second tallest
a. Studying hard is a sufficient condition for passing the Civil man?
Service Commission Exams. A. Mark Pacis
b. Studying hard is necessary condition for passing the Civil B. Alex Moreno
Service Commission Exams. C. Ben Reyes
c. Passing the Civil Service Commission Exams implies D. Carlo Frias
one’s studying hard. E. Carlo Pacis
d. If one does not study, he will not pass the Civil Service
Commission Exams.
VOCABULARY
8. “If it rains, the ground gets wet”. Which one is equivalent to this Synonyms/Definition:
statement? ▪ Abate – decrease
a. If the ground is not wet, then there was no rain. ▪ Abortive – vain
b. If it did not rain, then the ground is not wet. ▪ Abridge – shorten
c. If the ground is wet, then it rained. ▪ Academic – scholarly
d. None. ▪ Accost – aggressive
▪ Adamant – resolute
9. If A is equal to B and B is equal to C, then _____. ▪ Adroit – skillful; adept
a. A is equal to C ▪ Aegis – protection; support
b. B+C are equal to A ▪ Affluent – rich
c. A+B+C is equal to 3A ▪ Alacrity – eagerness
d. A minus B is equal to C ▪ Allay – alleviate
▪ Altruism – self-less
10. What is wrong with this argument “All men are banana eaters, ▪ Ambivalent – uncertain
but all monkeys are also banana-eaters; therefore, all men are ▪ Apathy – indifference
monkeys.”? ▪ Calumny – false accusation
a. It is following with circular reasoning ▪ Clandestine – secret
b. Nothing is wrong ▪ Clique – circle
c. No class of men and monkeys follows under same ▪ Cognizance – awareness
category ▪ Commiserate – humane
d. “Banana-eaters” is understood with two different meanings ▪ Conflagration – big fire
▪ Conspicuous – can be seen; visible
11. All Physics teacher are highly intelligent. People who are not ▪ Could not put up with – cannot tolerate
intelligent are not good in Physics. Rose is not intelligent. ▪ Credence – trustworthiness
Therefore, _____. ▪ Decapitated – dismissed from position
a. Rose is not a teacher. ▪ Defunct – no longer existing
b. Rose does not like Physics. ▪ Despondency – hopelessness
c. Rose is not good in Physics. ▪ Diffidence – timidity
d. Rose is good in English. ▪ Docile – submissive
▪ Doleful- sad
12. Which is TRUE of inductive reasoning? ▪ Dreads – fears
a. Drawing a general statement from another general ▪ Encumbered – hindered
statement. ▪ Enervate – devitalize; weaken
b. Drawing a particular instance from a general statement. ▪ Ensconced – hidden
c. Deriving a particular instance from over particular ▪ Erstwhile – formerly
segment. ▪ Exculpated – reinstated
 ▪ Exigent – urgent; efficient
▪ Fete – festival
▪ Fleeting – brief
▪ Fringe – periphery
▪ Futile – useless
▪ Gainsay – dispute
▪ Genre – category; type
▪ Grotesque – weird
▪ Hapless – unfortunate
▪ Inactive – dormant
▪ Indemnity – redress; remedy
▪ Jubilant – joyous
▪ Laissez-faire – permissive leadership style
▪ Magnanimity – greatness of soul
▪ Mercenary – soldier for foreign service
▪ Moop – live
▪ Nuance – slight or small difference
▪ Odious – hateful
▪ Off the point – irrelevant
▪ Ominous – threatening
▪ Ostentatious – pretentious
▪ Parallelism – same in structure
▪ Patronage – support
▪ Pedantic – tradition/formal rules
▪ Plethoric – excessive
▪ Polarize – harmonize
▪ Proficient – effective
▪ Puerile – childish
▪ Redaction – modification
▪ Repudiates – disowns
▪ Repulsive – vulgar
▪ Salary – remuneration; compensation
▪ Schism – split; divide
▪ Soporific – sedative
▪ Suffuse – fill
▪ Susceptible – inclined
▪ Taunted – mocked
▪ Ulterior – hidden
▪ Unequivocal – has several meanings
▪ Vacillate – sway
▪ Vindictive – revengeful
Antonyms:
▪ Abate – increase
▪ Abortive – successful
▪ Abridge – expand
▪ Vacillate – be firm
▪ Vindictive – forgiving
ANALOGY
salary is to service
indemnity is to injury
aegis is to sponsorship
genre is to classification
slave is to feudalism
entrepreneur is to capitalism
academic is to pedantic
defunct is to dead
consanguinity is to blood
affinity is to marriage
▪ fur : rabbit – feather : bird
▪ sea : shore – bread : butter
▪ BIR : taxes – DOH : health
▪ blend : mix – bleach : whiten
▪ fork : spoon – cup : saucer
▪ oil : floats – alcohol : evaporates
▪ battery : flashlight – hard drive : computer
▪ fatigue : yawning – itching : scratching
▪ mother : home – teacher : school
▪ obese : fat – slender : thin
▪ poverty : wealth – sickness : health
▪ Chicago : Illinois – Denver : Colorado
▪ pound : kilogram – quart : liter
▪ spin : dizzy – jump : elevate
▪ read : learn – try : improve
▪ toe : foot – finger : hand
▪ electron : molecule – country : continent
▪ stars : galaxy – molecules : object
▪ broom : sweep – paintbrush : paint
▪ democracy : equality – monarchy : one ruler
▪ water : wet – concrete : hard
▪ orange : fruit – hydrogen : element
▪ kangaroo : marsupial – dog : mammal
▪ deontology : ethics – cubism : art
▪ phylum : kingdom – aisle : department
▪ bowl : dish – sword : weapon
▪ cat : feline – dog : canine
▪ Porsche 911 : sports car – alligator : reptile
▪ sheep : wool – cow : milk
▪ kick : soccer – dribble : basketball
▪ city : blocks – farm : acres
▪ salt : pepper – peas : carrots
▪ floor : ceiling – conclusion – introduction
▪ peanut butter : bread – chapters : book covers
▪ cool : cold – warm : hot
▪ instability : turmoil – change : revolution
▪ fish : school – lion : pride
▪ flock : birds – pack : wolves
▪ people : community – tree : forest
▪ jump : bump – wire : fire
FILIPINO
Kasingkahulugan:
▪ Ayuda – tulong
▪ Baral – trangka
▪ Dalahikan – daungan
▪ Dalahira – tsismosa
▪ Dulang – mahabang hapag
▪ Haginit – harurot
▪ Himingting – katahimikan
▪ Hulas – lusaw
▪ Ibinulalas – ibinulgar
▪ Iwing – angkin
▪ Kabal – agimat
▪ Kapalaluan – kayabangan
▪ Kaunin – sunduin
▪ Lagasaw – tunog alon
▪ Lumbay – lungkot
▪ Luoy – lanta
▪ Masasal – malakas
▪ Nabaghan – natuwa
▪ Nakabubulahaw – nakagugulo
▪ Nangangatal – nanginginig
▪ Napalungi – napahamak
▪ Naparan – Nawala
▪ Palalo – mayabang
▪ Sakbibi – puno
▪ Salungkawit – sungkit
▪ Sanghaya – halimuyak
▪ Sentenaryo – ikasandaang taon
▪ Siniil – inapi
▪ Tamimil – walang gana
▪ Tigib – punong-puno
▪ Umamot – humingi
▪ Yumabong – lumago
Kasalungat:
▪ Hawas – payat
▪ Hungkag – salat
▪ Magalas – makinis
▪ Magdarahop – maghihikahos
▪ Napakakupad – napakabilis
NG vs. NANG
1. Ng
✓ Bilang pantukoy: Nag-aaral ng Filipino
✓ Bilang pang-ukol: Hinampas ng paying
✓ Bilang pang-ukol (sa): Nagsiuwian ng Pinas
2. Nang
✓ Pangatnig sa hugnayang pangungusap: Nang siy ay
dumating…
✓ Pang-abay mula sa na at ng: Nagbalita nang malakas
ang aking kaibigan sa opisina.
MAY vs. MAYROON
1. May – sinusundan ng pangngalan at pandiwa
Hal: May batang nahulog; May babaeng sumasayaw.
 rmamamasyal
2. Mayroon – sinusundan ng panghalip, isang kataga o 4. Namasyal sila sa makalawa upang ipagdiwang ang kaarawan
patalinghagang kahulugan ng kaniyang ama. Wasto.
Hal: Mayroon kaming dadaluhang pulos bukas; Mayroon ding
pulong ang kababaihan; Si Mayor Fabia ang mayroon sa lahat.
5. Ipinahihiram ni Vincent ang kaniyang mga laruan na siyang
ikinatutuwa ng kani-kaniyang magulang. Wasto.
'
SUBUKIN vs. SUBUKAN
1. Subukin – pagsusuri o pagsisiyasat/paggawa
Hanyang rmatuto
Hal: Subukin mong gamitin ang sabon na ito. 6. Sa panahon ng taghirap ay nararapat lamang na matutu tayo
mamaluktot ng maikling kumot. Wasto.
2. Subukan – tingnan kung ano ang ginagawa ng isang tao;
pageespiya rsapagkat
Hal: Subukan mo ang disiplina ng mga mag-aaral. 7. Magdiwang tayong lahat ngunit panalo na tayo. Wasto.

PAHIRIN vs. PAHIRAN rlaban

1. Pahirin – pag-aalis o pagpawi 8. Puspusan ang kampanya labag sa ipinagbabawal na gamot
Hal: Pahirin mo ang dumi sa iyong mukha. kaya nga sa mga paaralan ay may programang DARE. Wasto.

2. Pahiran – paglalagay ng bagay rika -25

Hal: Pahiran mo ng pulang pintura ang gate. 9. Ipinanganak ang kanyang kapatid noong ika25 ng Hunyo.
Wasto.
WALISIN vs. WALISAN
1. Walisin – pandiwang pokus sa layon rsasapit
Hal: Walisin mo ang mga tuyong dahon sa bakuran. 10. Nagliliwanag ang paligid tuwing sapit ang kabilugan ng buwan.
Wasto.
2. Walisan – pandiwang pokus sa kaganapan
Hal: Walisan mo ang bakuran. rlsa
11. Iisa sa pangunahing dahilan ng pagkamatay ay ang sakit na
MALIBAN vs. BUKOD kanser. Wasto.
1. Maliban (except or aside) – Matangi na wala ng iba
Hal: Maliban sa lupa, wala na siyang maiiwan sa anak. rtagumpay
12. Nakigalak kami sa mga tagumpay nina Rose, Nicole, at Vincent
2. Bukod (in addition to or besides) – karagdagan sa nakaraang pagsusulit sa Civil Service. Wasto.
Hal: Bukod sa lupa, may bahay pa siyang maiiwan sa anak.

IKA vs. IKA- 13. Ang pangunahing dahilan kung bakit ang mga kabataan ay
▪ Ikalimang taon nagsusumikap sa pag-aaral ay ang kumita-kita. Wasto.
▪ Ika-5 taon lkumita
14. Maaaring umabot sa sandaang taon ang buhay ng isang tao
IDYOMA: kung gugustuhin at susundan lamang ang mga positibong
▪ Abot ng isip – kayang unawain o maintindihan saloobin. Wasto. lsundin
▪ Agaw-buhay – nasa bingit ng kamatayan o malapit nang
mamatay
▪ Agaw-liwanag – malapit nang mag-umaga GENERAL INFORMATION
▪ Amoy pinipig – mabango ang amoy 1. Has the authority to call for a Constitutional Convention for the
▪ Anak ng lupa – magbubukid o magsasaka purpose of proposing amendments thereto, or revision thereof.
▪ Asal-hayop – malupit sa kapwa Ans: CONGRESS
▪ Atras abante – hindi sigurado
▪ Ayaw padapuan ng langaw – sobrang protektado 2. The sector that should have the highest budgetary priority for
▪ Bagong buhay – magsimulang muli the State to assign to as mandated by the 1987 Constitution.
▪ Bagong tao – nagbibinata o binatilyo Ans: EDUCATION
▪ Bantay salakay – isang tagapagbantay na isa palang
magnanakaw 3. Exercises the general supervision over all local governments.
▪ Basa ang papel – hindi mapagkakatiwalaan Ans: PRESIDENT
▪ Batang kalye – lumaki sa langsangan
▪ Bilugin ang ulo – lokohin 4. For the accused, it is the meaning of the due process of law.
▪ Buhay alamang – hirap na hirap sa bukas Ans: PRESUMED INNOCENT UNTIL PROVEN GUILTY
▪ Buhos ang panahon – ibinibigay ang lahat ng oras
▪ Bukas ang palad – matulungin 5. Power of the President to disapprove bills passed by Congress.
▪ Bungang isip – sariling likha Ans: VETO
▪ Butas ang bulsa – walang pera
▪ Buwaya sa katihan – sakim o suwapang 6. The rights of private individual to secure for themselves the
▪ Kabiyak ng puso – asawa enjoyable of their means of happiness such as the right to a
▪ Kakaning itik – mahinang klase name, right to form a family, and the right to security of personal
▪ Kalapating mababa ang lipad – masamang babae papers and effects.
▪ Kalatog-pinggan – mahilig kumain sa hindi nila bahay Ans: CIVIL RIGHTS
▪ Taob ang bangka – ubos na ang puhunan
▪ Tulog-manok – mababaw ang tulog 7. Ensure the well-being of the individual and foster the
preservation, enrichment, and dynamic evolution of national
culture based on the principle of unity in diversity in climate of
Activity. ing free artistic and intellectual expression.
1. Hindi dapat lumikha nang buwis na hindi makakayang bayaran Ans: CULTURAL RIGHTS
ng kahit sino. Walang mali.
8. Has the sole power to initiate or commence all cases of
rhaluan impeachment.
2. Inutos ni Rose kay Nicole na haluin ang sopas ng iba’t ibang Ans: HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
gulay. Walang mali.
9. The body that has the sole power to hear and decide all cases
rnang of impeachment.
3. Galak na galak ang mga ina ng makabalik ang kanilang mga Ans: SENATE
asawa mula sa Saudi. Wasto.
10. It is an accessory penalty of an impeachment case.
Ans: PERPETUAL DISQUALIFICATION FROM HOLDING
PUBLIC OFFICE
11. A provision that states no person shall be compelled to be a
witness against oneself.
Ans: RIGHT AGAINST SELF-INCRIMINATION
12. A pact between or among two or more states intended to create
binding rights and obligations upon the parties.
Ans: TREATY
13. Compulsory retirement age of civil servants.
Ans: 65 YEARS OLD
14. Retirement age of justice.
Ans: 70 YEARS OLD
15. Process of transferring the basic powers from national to local
governments to allow maximum participation of the citizens in
governmental and community activities.
Ans: DECENTRALIZATION
16. Level of election where losing candidates are eligible for
appointment or re-employment to any office in the government.
Ans: BARANGAY
17. Grounds of Impeachment:
✓ Betrayal of public trust
✓ Treason, bribery, graft, and corruption
✓ Culpable violation of the Constitution
✓ Other high crimes
18. Human Rights Education
(UDHR – Universal Declaration of Human Rights)
✓ Right to LIFE
✓ Right to LIBERTY
✓ Right to SECURITY
19. A remedy available to any person whose right to life, liberty, and
security has been violated or threatened with violation by an
unlawful act or omission of a public official or employee, or of a
private individual or entity.
Ans: WRIT OF AMPARO (amparo means protection)
20. Legal Actions:
✓ Writ of Amparo – right of life, liberty, and security
✓ Writ of Kalikasan – balanced and healthful ecology
✓ Writ of Habeas Corpus – “bring me the body”
✓ With of Habeas Data – data privacy; data access
21. Classification of Rights:
✓ Natural – God-given
✓ Constitutional – conferred by the Constitutions
a. Political – direct or indirect participation in
government
b. Civil – enjoyment and happiness
✓ Statutory – provided by laws
22. Constitutions of the Philippines:
✓ The 1899 Malolos Constitution (1899-1901)
✓ The 1935 Constitution (1935-1943, 1945-1973)
✓ The 1943 Constitution (1943-1945)
✓ The 1973 Constitution (1973-1986)
✓ The 1986 Constitution (1986-1987)
✓ The 1987 Constitution (1987-present)
23. RA 9262 – Violence Against Women and their Children (VAWC)
24. RA 7877 – Anti-Sexual Harassment Act
25. RA 8353 – Anti-Rape Law
26. RA 9208 – Anti-Human Trafficking Law
27. RA 6713 – Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for Public
Officials and Employees
28. RA 6713 covers all except PRIVATE SECTOR.
29. Terms of Conduct:
✓ Nationalism & patriotism
✓ Political neutrality
✓ Justness & sincerity
✓ Professionalism
30. Such position allows appointments of relatives by consanguinity
or affinity by the appointing authority.
Ans: TECHNICAL JOB
31. Government employees are prohibited from engaging in
partisan political activities except in.
Ans: EXPRESSING VIEWS ON CURRENT POLITICAL
ISSUES
32. The number of years public officials from the time of separation
from government service are prohibited from accepting
employment in any private enterprise previously regulated by
their office.
Ans: ONE YEAR
33. It is the transfer of title or disposal of interest in property by
voluntarily, completely, and actually depriving oneself of his/her
right or title to it in favor of a person or persons other than his/her
spouse and immediate relatives.
Ans: DIVESTMENT
34. Revocation to the right of suffrage.
Ans: DISENFRANCHISEMENT
35. It is the obligation of government officials to be at all times
answerable for their misconduct to the people from whom the
government derives its power.
Ans: PUBLIC ACCOUNTABILITY
36. Filing of SALN:
✓ Assumption of office
✓ Compulsory retirement
✓ Voluntary resignation
✓ Acceptance of foreign scholarship
37. Norm of conduct: “Public officials and employees and their
families shall lead modest lives appropriate for their positions
and income.”
Ans: SIMPLE LIVING
38. Situation: After receiving a copy of a favorable decision, a client
gave Vincent, a clerk in the Legal Department, food items as a
token of gratitude. Vincent accepted the food items without
hesitation. Is he liable under RA 6713?
Ans: YES, BECAUSE HE IS PART OF THE OFFICE WHICH
ACTED ON THE CASE OF THE CLIENT.
39. Being develop, updated regularly, and make available to the
transacting public by the government agency.
Ans: PERFORMANCE TARGETS
40. Public officials and employees provide service to anyone
without unfair discrimination and regardless of party affiliation of
preference.
Ans: POLITICAL NEUTRALITY
41. Officials and employees shall always uphold public interest over
personal interest.
Ans: COMMITMENT TO PUBLIC SERVICE
42. Oversees the integrity of government actions and processes.
Ans: CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION
43. Agency that determines the causes of inefficiency, red tape,
mismanagement, fraud, and corruption in the government.
Ans: OMBUDSMAN
44. Performing and discharging one’s duties with highest degree of
excellence, intelligence, and skills.
Ans: PROFESSIONALS
45. Situation: Public employee is an officer of business
establishment that affects the faithful performance of his official
duty.
Ans: CONFLICT OF INTEREST
46. Farmers migrate to the uplands primarily because of the greater
amount of resources in the forest.
47. The pollution management program implemented by DENR 73. Not a function of Commission on Human Rights.
includes the disclosure of industries polluting the environment. Ans: PROSECUTE HUMAN RIGHTS OFFENDERS
Ans: SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
74. All kidnap-for-ransom acts or other terroristic activities primarily
48. The most dangerous effect of deforestation. show total disregard for this.
Ans: SOIL EROSION Ans: ETHNIC IDENTITY

49. Inhalation of this substance can severely affect a child’s
behavior and decrease intelligent quotient among children with
high levels of concentration in the blood and bone marrow.
Ans: LEAD
50. Relationship of Global Warming and Ozone Depletion:
Excessive build-up of carbon dioxide causes both global
warming and ozone depletion.
51. Major cause of coral reef destruction.
Ans: DYNAMITE FISHING
75. On December 10, 1948, the UN General Assembly adopted the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights with the purpose of
such.
Ans: RELEASING OF ALL PRISONERS OF WAR (POW)
STILL HELD IN DIFFERENT CONCETRATION CAMPS
AROUND THE WORLD
76. It is what people year and hope for they can settle down on their
respective homes without fear, and therefore focus on
improving quality of life.
Ans: PEACE

52. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are popular as propellants and 77. Human rights are the supreme and inalienable rights to life,
insulting agents because they are REACTIVE. dignity, and self-development.

53. Lasting environmental impact of large-scale mining operation.
Ans: MINING TAILINGS
54. Fishing resources in marine and coastal waters may be
considered “open access resources” because of the difficulty in
making sea boundaries.
78. One of the objectives of CHR is to improve the economic and
social standing of the people who are victims of the HR
violations.
79. All human beings are born free and equal and enjoy the
bounties of nature.

55. Rainforest – forest in the tropics
56. An area that has been logged will have greater erosion
problems if are is cultivated for cash crops.
57. The biggest threat to biodiversity, which is the variety and
variability among living things, is the destruction of wildlife
habitats.
80. Manifestations include: jaywalking, throwing garbage
anywhere, vandalism, not waiting in line, and tardiness.
Ans: LACK OF DISCIPLINE
81. PRIVACY vs. CONFIDENTIALITY
✓ Privacy is more on records or documents.
✓ Confidentiality is protective from knowing the identity;
anonymity.

58. Important of coral reefs: 82. NEPOTISM vs. CRONYISM

They serve as haven for young growing fish and small aquatic ✓ Nepotism is appointing family.
animals. ✓ Cronyism is appointing friends.

59. Monoculture cropping or planting a single crop in a large area is 83. Equity is giving what is due to someone.
not advisable because it promotes PEST INFESTATION.

60. Sorting of garbage enables recycling or reuse.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
61. Biogas – renewable resource ▪ Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) – for regional,
political, and economic collaboration.
62. Importance of watersheds in the survival of a nation: 10 members:
They sustain water supply. ✓ Brunei
✓ Cambodia
63. Putting some dams along rivers can negatively affect marine ✓ Indonesia
fishes because some marine fishes spend part of their life cycle ✓ Laos
upstream. ✓ Malaysia
✓ Myanmar
✓ Philippines
64. Important of forests:
✓ Singapore
They serve as habitat to wildlife. ✓ Thailand
✓ Vietnam
65. Best protect the forests in the long run.
Ans: INDIGENOUS PEOPLE ▪ North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) – for military defense
30 members:
66. Protects us from the harmful effects of ultra-violet (UV) rays. ✓ Albania ✓ Greece ✓ Norway
Ans: OZONE LAYER ✓ Belgium ✓ Hungary ✓ Poland
✓ Bulgaria ✓ Iceland ✓ Portugal
67. Dominant source of air pollution in the metropolitan. ✓ Canada ✓ Italy ✓ Romania
Ans: MOTOR VEHICLES ✓ Croatia ✓ Latvia ✓ Slovakia
✓ Czech ✓ Lithuania ✓ Slovenia
68. Most destructive cause of forest degradation. Republic ✓ Luxembourg ✓ Spain
Ans: LOGGING ✓ Denmark ✓ Montenegro ✓ Turkey
✓ Estonia ✓ Netherlands ✓ United Kingdom
69. Most important aspect with regard to population as a factor in ✓ France ✓ North ✓ United States
environmental quality is the equitable access to resources. ✓ Germany Macedonia

70. Most damaging effect that a cement industry can do on the ▪ European Union (EU) – economic collaboration for the
environment. Europeans
Ans: AIR POLLUTION
▪ Taga-tuos – accountant
71. Main purpose of waste segregation: ▪ Agsikap – engineer
To turn waste into resource
▪ Pope/pontiff – Your Excellency (state visit); Your Holiness
72. Proper way of disposing medical and hospital wastes. (papal visit)
Ans: INCINERATION
▪ Types of Definition:
a. Denotation – dictionary; synonyms and antonyms
b. Connotation – context; deeper meaning; idioms; figures of
speech

▪ Different Parts of Speech:

a. Noun (Pangngalan)
b. Pronoun (Panghalip)
c. Verb (Pandiwa)
d. Adverb (Pang-abay)
e. Adjective (Pang-uri)
f. Conjunction (Pang-ugnay)
g. Interjection (Pandamdam)
h. Prepositions (Pang-ukol)
• IN – general
✓ Centuries in the 1900s
✓ Decades in the 90s
✓ Years in 1980
✓ Months in March
✓ Weeks in 5 weeks
✓ Seasons in summer
✓ Periods of time in the future
✓ Holidays in the Easter Holiday
✓ Parts of the day in the morning
✓ Countries in France
✓ Cities in Paris
✓ Neighborhood in Manhattan
✓ Enclosed space in a car

in England
in London
in a traffic jam
in a building
in a boat
in a helicopter
in a taxi
in the living room
in the article
in 10 minutes

• ON – more specific
✓ Time on the weekend
✓ Days on Monday
✓ Dates on April 6th
✓ Specific dates on my birthday
✓ Day + part of the day on Sunday morning
✓ Holiday with “day” on Christmas Day
✓ Streets on Longos Street
✓ Avenues on Michigan Avenue
✓ Surfaces on the floor
✓ Means of transport on a bus
✓ Communications on the radio

on a bus
on a train
on a plane
on a ship
on a horse
on the television
on the phone
on the internet
on a wall
on the menu

• AT – very specific
✓ Hours at 5 PM
✓ Parts of the day at midnight
✓ Time at the moment
✓ Holidays without “day” at Valentines
✓ Addresses at 149 Arenas Street
✓ Specific locations at the station

at the corner
at the bus stop
at the top of page
at the end of the road
at the crossroads
at the front desk
at the back
at the bottom
at the door
at Christmas
at noon