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INTRO
INTRO
Types of Virtualization:
1. Hardware Virtualization.
2. Operating system Virtualization.
3. Server Virtualization.
4. Storage Virtualization.
1) Hardware Virtualization:
The main job of hypervisor is to control and monitoring the processor, memory
and other hardware resources.
Usage:
Usage:
3) Server Virtualization:
Server virtualization is done because a single physical server can be divided into
multiple servers on the demand basis and for balancing the load.
4) Storage Virtualization:
Usage:
COMPONENTS OF VIRTUALIZATION-
Physical Infrastructure
Physical infrastructure provides the foundation for the server virtualization
infrastructure and consists of the compute, network, and storage assets.
Virtual Machine
A Virtual Machine is a logical resource, a computer file, typically called an image
that behaves like an actual computer. Where the VM differs from a physical
system is that exists as nothing more than an image file.
Virtual Infrastructure
The virtual infrastructure includes one or more virtualization platforms such as
hypervisors, storage virtualization, network virtualization, etc.
Hypervisors
Every virtualization technology has its own hypervisor. The hypervisor is
software that runs on the hardware and creates virtual machines (VMs). The
physical hardware, when installed as a hypervisor, is called the host. The host
treats resources (CPU, Memory, Storage, and Network) as a pool that can be
allocated between existing VMs.
Being the primary link between a VM and the physical hardware resources,
other roles of the hypervisor:
• Isolating VMs
• Passing hardware instructions to the VM and the physical host
Hypervisor Architectures
• Type I – Bare Metal
• Type II
Type I hypervisors run directly on system hardware and rely on a microkernel
for all tasks that the hypervisor is responsible for.
Virtual Infrastructure
Networking
Virtual network adapters can be added to a VM when it is first deployed or
cloned from an image. Virtual network adapters have unique MAC addresses
that enable VM to be easily identified on the network. Virtual network adapters
use a virtual switch to send a package over physical NIC on the physical host.
Hypervisors may leverage up to three types of virtual switches:
Storage
All virtual platforms require dedicated storage resources to define disk spaces.
There are no differences between physical and virtual machines when
comparing to write data to persistent storage. Just physical servers, virtual
machines need their own disk. While VM creating, disk resource can be defined
as either virtual disk files (vmdk) or raw device mapping.
1. Full Virtualization: Full Virtualization was introduced by IBM in the year
1966. It is the first software solution for server virtualization and uses binary
translation and direct approach techniques. In full virtualization, guest OS is
completely isolated by the virtual machine from the virtualization layer and
hardware. Microsoft and Parallels systems are examples of full
virtualization.
2. Paravirtualization: Paravirtualization is the category of CPU virtualization
which uses hypercalls for operations to handle instructions at compile time. In
paravirtualization, guest OS is not completely isolated but it is partially isolated
by the virtual machine from the virtualization layer and hardware. VMware and
Xen are some examples of
paravirtualization.
The difference between Full Virtualization and Paravirtualization are as
follows:
S.No. Full Virtualization Paravirtualization
Portability
Interoperability
Computing Performance
Data intensive applications on cloud requires high network bandwidth, which
results in high cost. Low bandwidth does not meet the desired computing
performance of cloud application.
It is necessary for cloud systems to be reliable and robust because most of the
businesses are now becoming dependent on services provided by third-party.