TRIBHUWAN UNIVERSTIY

MAHENDRA MULTIPLE CAMPUS, BBA

DHARAN, SUNSARI

An assignment on
GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF DATA
BUSINESS STATISTICS, 3rd SEMESTER

Submitted by: Submitted to:

Eshika Shrestha Choodamani Bhattarai
Roll no.:
Signature
Date: 2078/06/27
Table of Contents
Introduction of Kurtosis…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………1

Measure of Kurtosis………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………1

Types of Kurtosis……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………1

Methods of measuring Kurtosis…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….2

 Introduction of Kurtosis & its Different Measures
Introduction of Kurtosis
The term ‘Kurtosis’ was introduced by Karl Pearson. Kurtosis is a statistical measure that
defines how heavily the tails of a distribution differ from the tails of a normal distribution.
In other words, Kurtosis identifies whether the tails of a given distribution contain extreme
values i.e. degree of peakedness or flatness of a unimodel frequency curve.
The peak is the tallest part of the distribution and the tails are the ends of the distribution.

Measure of Kurtosis
Measure of kurtosis is a descriptive statistical measure used to measure the peakedness or
flatness of the curve drawn from frequency table. This is useful to access whether the given
frequency is normally distributed or not.
Traditionally, kurtosis has been explained in terms of the central peak where we can see, higher
values indicate a higher, sharper peak; lower values indicate a lower, less distinct peak.
However, “higher kurtosis means more of the variance is the result of infrequent extreme
deviations, as opposed to frequent modestly sized deviations.” In other words, it’s the tails that
mostly account for kurtosis, not the central peak.

Types of Kurtosis:
 Mesokurtic Curve (Normal Curve)
 Leptokurtic Curve (Peaked Curve)
 Platykurtic Curve (Flat Curve

 
Mesokurtic Curve (Normal Curve)
The normal curve is called Mesokurtic Curve. It is also one of the three categories of curve
found in Kurtosis analysis. A curve is said to be mesokurtic if the curve drawn from the
frequency distribution is more peaked than platykurtic curve and flatter than leptokurtic curve.
According to Kelly’s measure based on percentiles, if K =0.263 then the distribution is
mesokurtic. And according to Karl Pearson’s measure, if β2 =3, then the curve is said to be
mesokurtic.

Leptokurtic Curve (Peaked Curve)

The peaked curve is called Leptokurtic curve. It is one of the three major categories found in
Kurtosis analysis. A curve is said to be leptokurtic if the curve drawn from the frequency
distribution is more peaked than the mesokurtic curve. Its peakedness is high and thin. There are
two different ways of measuring Kurtosis. According to Kelly’s measure based on percentiles, if
K < 0.263, then the distribution is leptokurtic. And according to Karl Pearson’s measure, if β2 >
3, then the curve is said to be leptokurtic.

Platykurtic Curve (Flat Curve)

Platykurtic curve is a distribution of flat-topped curve. It is the opposite of Leptokurtic curve.
Platykurtic have negative distribution. The tails are very thin compared to normal distribution.
According to Kelly’s measure based on percentiles, If K< 0.263 then the distribution is
platykurtic. And according to Karl Pearson’s measure, if β2 < 3, then that curve is said to be
platykurtic.

Methods Of Measuring Kurtosis:-

 Percentile Measures of Kurtosis
 Measure Of Kurtosis based on Moments (Moments coefficient of Kurtosis)

1) Percentile Measures of Kurtosis

 Percentile Measure of Kurtosis:
1/2(Q3−Q 1) Q.D.
k= =
P 90 – P 10 P 90−P 10

Interpretation:
1) If K = 0.263 then Mesokurtic or Normal
2) If K > 0.263 then Leptokurtic
3) If K < 0.263 then Platykurtic