TERM PAPER SUMMARY

NAME: - Khizar Hayat Hidayatulla Shaikh

BITS ID: - 2022H1300078P
TOPIC: - strength characteristics of cement treated base (CTB)

Cement treated base (CTB) is a cement stabilized material which becomes more
important to a modern road pavement under a better performance perspective.
CTB is the product of soil-cement stabilization technique by mixing a conventional
road base material with a prescribed amount of cement, and water. This study
aims to characterize CTB with respect to its strength performance and damage
evolution under static and dynamic loading conditions, and also to get an in-depth
view of various strength governing factors of CTB like dust ratio, moisture content
at compaction, dry density, and compaction degree.
Korakod Nusit et.al, in their study on cement treated base (2016) conducted test
on CTB specimen prepared from The standard crushed rock from a local pit in
Western Australia, The findings show that the strength of CSB depends on the
moisture content at compaction, dry density, and compaction degree. According
to the study results, a cement content ranging between 3 and 7% was suggested
to obtain an effective CTB. The strength of CTB could also be estimated from a
range of water-cement ratios and curing durations. However, this is valid only for
CTB prepared from the moisture content at optimum moisture content (OMC)
and greater.
Another study conducted by Abdolreza Osouli, Pradip Adhikari et.al, in 2021
showed the effect of Fines content, plasticity index and dust ratio on the modulus
and permanent deformation behavior of aggregates used in cement treated base
and sub-base course.
Xiaokang Zhao et.al, in 2020 studied the macroscopic properties of CTB. In the
study, the microscopic mechanical, structural, and chemical characteristics of the
mortar and interfacial transition zone (ITZ) of in-service CTB were investigated
through micro-scale characterizations. For CTB mix design, it is vital to fill the
micro-pores of ITZ and mortar, and improve the overall structural compactness.
More compacted cement paste structure is beneficial to improve the mechanical
properties of CTB.

K Raja et.al, in their study conducted unconfined compression tests (UCC) and
directs shear tests (DST) on a sand gravel mixture stabilized with different
proportions of cement. Ordinary Portland cement was used as the binding agent,
added to the sand at 1%, 2%, and 3% with respect to its dry weight. Relative
density of 70% was maintained throughout the study. In this study, unconfined
compression tests and directs shear tests were conducted to assess the influence
of the cement content on the engineering properties of the cement treated soil
sample.

List of references:

1. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, © ASCE.Advanced. Characteristics

of Cement-Treated Materials with respect to Strength Performance and
Damage Evolution. Korakod Nusit, Peerapong Jitsangiam, Jayantha
Kodikara, Ha.H.Bui, and Gordon Lai Ming Leung.

2. Transportation Geotechnics 30 (2021). Fines content, plasticity index and

dust ratio influencing the modulus and permanent deformation behavior of
aggregates. Abdolreza Osouli, Pradip Adhikari, Erol Tutumluer, Heather
Shoup.
3. Construction and Building Materials 264 (2020). Micro-scale
characterization of the heterogeneous properties of in-service cement-
treated base material. Xiaokang Zhao, Qiao Dong, Jiawei Yuan, Xueqin
Chen, Jing Yang.

4. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. Strength

characteristics developed in cement stabilized soil. K Raja, E Elakkya, A.T
Manikandan, B Surya, M Nekila.

5. Advances in Transportation Geotechnics 3. The 3 rd International Conference

on Transportation Geotechnics (ICTG 2016). Damage Behavior of Cement-
Treated Base Material. Korakod Nusit and Peerapong Jitsangiam.