ART IN THE PHILIPPINES

ART/SINING - Different manners of expressing human skills and imagination in the creation of aesthetic, objects and presentations.

- Art play a significant role in the abundant cultural identity of the Philippines. It reflects the people, history and traditions of the
Philippines as a whole.

Philippines Diverse Art Forms

ETHNIC TRADITIONS

 Art is reflects the beliefs and practices of everyday

Angono Petroglyphs

found in Binangonan Rizal. It was discovered by Carlos “Botong” Francisco in 1965.

Manunggul Jar

found in manunggul cave, lipuun point Palawan in the early 1960s. It is a burial jar which signifies the beliefs of early
Filipino in life after death.

Banga

pots, pot dance is a performance of kalinga of the mountain provice of the Philippines. This dance shows elegance and grace
of Igorot tribe and the skill and strength of women

SPANISH COLONIAL TRADITION

 Art forms were primarily influence by religion and secularization. In this time, Spaniards used arts to propagate the Catholic Faith.

St. Paul Metropolitan

Is located in Burgos, Vigan City, Ilocus Sur. The original structure was built in 1574 and Replace as a church in 164. The
Cathedral follows a baroque art architectural design

Langit, Lupa at Impyerno

Wall painting by Josef Luciano Dans. Will be found in St. james the Apostle church in paete, Laguna. This painting is dated
1850 and depicts the heaven, crucifixion of Christ, earth, Adan and eve, and hell, sinners with different transgressions.

AMERICAN COLONIAL AND CONTEMPORARY ARTS TRADITIONS

Modern Art

 The practice of art from 1860s to 1960s. The main theme of art works in this time is national.

The making of the Philippine Flag

Painting was made by Fernando Amorsolo who is now the grand old man of Philippine art.

Bayanihan

By Francisco Carlos Batong in 1962 who was born in Ango, Rizal. This painting shows the bayanihan tradition.

Contemporary Art

 The practice of art from 1970s to the present.

Cino Marias (Tres Marias)

By Federico Aguilar Alcuas born in St. Cruz Manila. This painting depicts the variety of domestic activities.

Art Installations in sand dunes of panay

By Leeroy, a new contemporary artist who is born in General Santos City. This art was made for
La Milagrosa Festival in Illocos Norte 2012.

ELEMENTS OF ARTS

◦ Space –positive and negative space which pertains the emptiness or opposite part which the shape is enclosing.

◦ Line – series of connected points.

Form – curve, dotted or broken lines

Directions – vertical, horizontal or diagonal lines

◦ Shape and form - shape is enclosed by a line or lines while form is the 3 dimensional figures.

◦ Color - associated with the natural phenomenon in the environment. Forms the different hues and wavelengths. It also pertain to
coolness or warmth.

◦ Value - the lightness or darkness.

◦ Texture - the sense of feel on things, rough, smooth, bumpy or slippery. Focus on the surface of the piece.

PRINCIPLES OF ART

Proportion - enclosed by the relationship of the size of elements in a body of art.

Harmony - The unity of an artwork, mostly about the arrangement of the related elements.
Variety - It’s the diversity in an art. Adding multiple different elements to break the monotony of an artwork and make it interesting.

Movement - The illusion of motion in a painting, sculpture design.

Rhythm - Repetition of certain elements to produce a pattern. Where elements create a flow and may lead the viewers eyes

Balance- Equal distribution of elements.

Emphasis - Is a principle which refer to the greater impact on a certain element.

ART: MEANING & FORM

then and now

Filipino artists are adept in creating artworks from different materials, both traditional and non-traditional. Different elements and forms are
integrated to create contemporary Philippine art.

“Art of today”

The artworks and styles of the past have evolved and have adapted to a dynamic changing world, a world immersed in the latest technology and
emerging ideologies.

These artworks and styles are created, witnessed and experienced in our lifetime by artists and style experts catering to Millennial and Gen Z viewers,
and techy clientele. These artworks are collectively known as Contemporary Art.

The term contemporary has been defined as something “happening, existing, living, or coming into being during the same period of time”
(Merriam-Webster).

 Contemporary Art refers to art of any form and genre that produced in our contemporary time, simply put as “art created today”.

Contemporary Art - is influenced by the economic, social, political and environmental context where the artist is immersed in.

Genre - categories of artistic creation and are characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter.

Many other genres came up which include pure are forms as well as mixed art forms.

Examples of Contemporary Art Forms

Elements of Contemporary Art

1. Appropriation, this relates to the modifications made by the artist.

2. Hybridity, this refers in the use of different art mediums that are put together.

3. Technology, its application highlights the creativity of the artist.

4. Performance, carried out for viewers to experience.

5. Space, intricate use of space

“Biyaheng langit” painting by NINO CRIS ODOSIS

VARIOUS ART FORM OF THE PHILIPPINES

Visual Arts Theater Film

Literature Dance

Music Architecture

Vicente Manansala’s Nipa Hut

Visual arts, a form of cubism art.

Poets Jose F. Lacaba, Rolando Tino, Bienvienido Lumbera, Antonio Samson and Edmundo Martinez started the “Bagay” movement

Pinoy pop/ Filipino pop music-jazz, dance hits, folksongs or revivals, rock and roll, rap etc. OPM is a
kind of music purely Filipino and is composed and sung by Filipino composer and singer. CCP-
cultural center of the Philippines- preserved the traditional music and innovate phil music.

the world is an apple

by Alberto Florentino
 Theater- more about psychological realism and social realism

Bodabil- composed mainly of songs, dances and skits.

Ballet Dance

early American period sikat si vaudeville or bodabil dancing. Local dance are found in festivals like
masskara festival, ati atihhan, sayaw s obando, kadayawan and many more.

Metropolitan Theater Philippines

Phil. Buildings are simple rational and fuctional. Juan Arellano, Carlos Barreto and Antonio Toledo introduce the neoclassic style in building
structures

Dalagang bukid by Jose Nepomuceno

He produced the 1st film and was tag as the father of Philippine Movies.

4 prominent studios in 1950s

◦ LVN
◦ Sampaguita
◦ Lebran
◦ Premiere

Film award institute was also formed like FAMAS Filipino academy of movie arts and sciences and maria clara awards. Independent film maker
imerged and sex film started to enter the movie industry, then slapstick comedies and action movies also become popular

VISUAL ARTS

Vicente Manansala (1910 - 1981) - ONE OF THE FIRST ABSTRACTIONISTS IN FILIPINO ART

- DEVELOPED THE TRANSPARENT CUBISM

LUKSONG TINIK (JUMPING OVER THORNS), 1973

The piece portrays the previous events in the Philippine Events.

MOTHER AND CHILD, 1976

Mother and Child is possibly Manansala's most ICONIC SUBJECT, upon which he based number of artworks. It shows two spirits with one heart,
the mother and the child.

THE MUSICIANS, 1973

“Harana” (Serenaders) is a mosaic-style brushwork of seated musicians with their guitar and bandurria in hand. This artwork is a product of
modernization and a glimpse from the past.

BIRDMAN, 1973

One of the best compositions, it was rendered and created in 1973 using oil on canvas.

Jose Maria Zaragoza (1912-1994) is a Filipino architect known for designing several edifices during the postwar era. His works include the Meralco
Building in Ortigas, Union Church of Manila, and Sto. Domingo Church in Quezon City.

◦ Zaragoza had a diploma in liturgical art and architecture from the International Institute of Liturgical Art in Rome. He also obtained a
diploma in comprehensive planning from the Hilversun Technical Research Center in The Netherlands.
◦ He also became ambassador of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta to the Philippines, a Catholic order with charities around the world.
◦ In 1975, Zaragoza designed the sci-fi-inspired Vira Mall in Greenhills, San Juan, which depicted intergalactic travel through the ingenious
use of glass tubes. The Union Church in Makati was also designed along futuristic lines.

◦ Among Zaragoza’s designs that have reshaped the Manila landscape are the Meralco Building; the National Library; Commercial Bank and
Trust Company in Escolta, Manila, with its ingenious half-dome greeting motorists and commuters from Jones Bridge.

◦ Zaragoza’s most famous building is Santo Domingo Church and Convent, which he designed for the Dominicans, his mentors at University
of Santo Tomas.

Zaragoza took up BS Architecture at UST and graduated in 1936. Two years later, he placed seventh in the licensure examination
and became the country’s 82nd licensed architect.

FERNANDO CUETO AMORSOLO

 May 30, 1892 in Paco, Manila

 Father – Pedro Amorsolo

 Mother – Bonifacia Cuento

 Grew up in Daet, Camarines Norte

Dalagang bukid

 The banga or clay jar that the young lady carries, a vessel for carrying water, is seen as a symbol of fragility and innocence, and is a
reference to the song made famous by National Artist Atang de la Rama in the 1919 sarswela Dalagang Bukid: "May isang dalagang
nagsalok ng tubig Kinis ng ganda nya'y hubog sa nilatik..."

The Fruit Pickers Under the Mango Tree

 It was painted by Fernando Amorsolo a famous Filipino artist. It was made by using oil on 25 1/4 x 37 1/2 inches canvas and was finished
at the year 1937.

Afternoon Meal of the Rice Workers

 Amorsolo painted the Philippine landscape in sunny and colorful depictions that idealized both nature and native beauty. Using techniques
of natural outdoor lighting and taking from the Impressionists of Europe, he mastered the skill of natural lighting in his paintings, and this
trademark was later called his mastery of the “Philippine Sun.”
Afternoon Meal of the Rice Workers

 Amorsolo painted the Philippine landscape in sunny and colorful depictions that idealized both nature and native beauty. Using techniques
of natural outdoor lighting and taking from the Impressionists of Europe, he mastered the skill of natural lighting in his paintings, and this
trademark was later called his mastery of the “Philippine Sun.”

The Father of Philippine Fashion

Ramon Valera (August 31, 1912- May 25, 1972)

 Philippine National Artist for Fashion Design

 The Father of Philippine Fashion

 Creative innovator

“According to DLSAA, Valera's fashion sense started when he was still a high school senior at La Salle and he designed party dresses for his two kid
sisters, Lulu and Didi. He first learned his craft in his parents' shop on Escolta, named Manila Fashions. Also, he was one semester short of
completing a commerce course at the Far Eastern University.“

Traje Mestiza

 Maria Clara Gown.

 Trimmed into a shapely modernity, with detailed embroidered skirts

Revival of Traje de Mestiza

 Valera’s Early Innovation was modernizing the terno in 1939.

Terno

 means "matching” it was the handiwork of not just one couturier but a coming together of the innovations of many.

Filipino Terno

 alludes to the matching of blouse and skirt, joined at the waist to form a one-piece creation, with both bodice and skirt made of the same
material.

Butterfly Sleeve

 a kind of sleeve that starts at the shoulder and widens along the forearm, not reaching the wrist.
 A Gown with a Butterfly Sleeves

◦ Ramon Valera was the best known couturier in the Philippines. The only male dressmaker who could design, cut, baste and sew all by
himself.
◦ Ramon Valera designed the inaugural gowns of all the first ladies from Aurora Quezon to Imelda Marcos, except for Evangelina
Macapagal.

National Artist for Music (1991)

 Lucio San Pedro is a master composer, conductor, and teacher whose music evokes the folk elements of the Filipino. Lucio San Pedro also
proclaimed as a National Artists of the Philippines for music in 1991. He is notable folk song composer.

He composed the famous "Sa Ugoy ng Duyan”

Among his most famous masterpieces were:

“Lahing Kayumanggi” (1961)
“Sa Lupang Sarili” (1940)
“Sa Mahal Kong Bayan” (1950).

National Artist for Literature and Theatre

Rolando S. Tinio

He was born in Gagalangin, Tondo, Manila on march 5, 1937. He was an active participant in the filipino movie industry and enjoyed
working with Philippine celebrities who he himself had admired in his childhood.

“Illness and Death” - Rolando Santos Tinio was directing a musical when he suffered a heart attack in Manila on July 7, 1997. He died on July 8,
1997 at age 60. His wife, theater and film actress Ella Luansing had died some years before. He was survived by his two children, Antonio and
Victoria.

*SOME OF HIS FAMOUS WORKS*

“POETRY COLLECTION” (PEDANTRY) (1975)

* “SITSIT SA KULIGLIG” * “KRISTAL NA UNIBERSO”

(WHISTLING AT CICADAS) OR (CRYSTAL UNIVERSE) (1989)

(SHUSSHING CICADAS) (1972) * “TRICK OF MIRRORS” (1993)

* “DUNUNG-DUNUNGAN” * “ANG BURGIS SA KANYANG ALMUSAL” (1970)

“TRANSLATED PLAYS”

* “LARUANG KRISTAL” * “PAGHIHINTAY KAY GODO”

(THE GLASS MENAGERIE) (1966) (WAITING FOR GODOT) (1967)

* “PAHIMAKAS SA ISANG AHENTE” * “MISS JULIE” (1967)

(DEATH OF A SALESMAN) (1966) * “RAMA HARI” (RAMA,KING) (1980)

“TRANSLATED CLASSICS”

* KIRI (1974) * CALIGULA (1981)

* TITO VANYA (1976) * ROMEO AT JULIETA (1981)

* ANG HALAGA NG PAGIGING MASIGASIG (1982)

* HAMLET (1979)
* SOPRANONG KALBO (1987)
* PANGARAP SA ISANG GABI NG GTNANG TAG-ARAW
(1980) * MEDEA (1988)

“ESSAY COLLECTIONS”

* “ A MATTER OF LANGUAGE,
 WHERE ENGLISH FAILS” (1990)

“COLUMS FOR NEWSPAPERS”

* “TOUCHSTONES” FOR METRO MANILA (1997) * “IN BLACK AND WHITE” FOR PHILIPPINE DAILY
GLOBE(1987–1989)
* “TOTALLY TINIO” FOR MANILA CHRONICLE (1986-
1987,1990)

“FILMOGRAPHY”

• Karnal (1983) - Bino • May Nagmamahal Sa'yo (Madonna and Child (1996) -
Priest
• A Dangerous Life (1988) - Jaime Sin
• Bakit May Kahapon Pa? (1996) – Priest
• Bayani (1995) - Lolo

Rolando Tinio became the administrator of the Ateneo experimental theatre. He, later on handled the teatro Pilipino where he revived the Sarswela
and other traditional Filipino drama and introduced contemporary western drama.

Tinio was known for translating Western classics, which includes the works of Sophocles, Shakespeare, Ibsen, Chekhov, Puccini and Verdi, into
Tagalog. He did these translations in order to advance the Filipino language. He was a prolific poet and writer who helped establish the Filipino-
language drama in the 1970s.

He was made a National Artist of the Philippines for Theater and Literature in 1997.

“Other achievements of Tinio”

* Ten Outstanding Young Men (1967) * Gantimpalang Quezon sa Panitikan (1977) * Gawad CCP Para Sa Sining for Theater (1993)

* Famas Award for "Sidhi" (1999) * Patnubay ng Sining at Kalinangan, City government of Manila (1967)

LITERATURE

The word ‘Literature’ is a modified form of a Latin word (literra, litteratura or litteratus) that means ‘writing formed with letters’. Literature
generally can be any written work, but it especially is an artistic or intellectual work of writing. It is one of the Fine Arts, like Painting, Dance,
Music, etc. which provides aesthetic pleasure to the readers. It differs from other written works by only its one additional trait that is aesthetic beauty.
If a written work lacks aesthetic beauty and serves only utilitarian purpose it is not literature. The entire genre like poetry, drama, or prose is blend of
intellectual work and aesthetic beauty of that work. When there is no any aesthetic beauty in any written work that is not literature.

ALEJANDRO ROCES

• a Filipino author, short story writer, essayist, dramatist and a NATIONAL ARTIST of the Philippines for literature.

• He served as SECRETARY Of EDUCATION from 1961 to 1965, during the term of Philippine President Diosdado Macapagal.

He was born in July 13 ,1924, and died in May 23,2011. His father is Rafael Roces and his mother is Inocencia Reyes. Irene Yorston Viola
(SPOUSE) Elizabeth Roces-Pedrosa (DAUGHTER).

⃗ He attended elementary and high school at the Ateneo de Manila University.

⃗ He recieved Bachelor of Fine Arts degree from Arizona State University.

⃗ Dean at the Institute of Arts & Science of Far Eastern University in 1955.
 ⃗ Captain in the Marking’s Guerilla during World War II and a columnist in Philippine dailies, Including “Manila Chronicle” and “Manila
Times”.

⃗ Served as a Secretary at the Department of Education from 1961 to 1965.

He is famously known for:

• Changing the date of Philippine Independence Day from July 4 to June 12

• Recovering the stolen original manuscripts of Noli Me Tangere, El Filibusterismo and Mi último Adiós
• Changed the language used in Philippine passports, coins, bills and diplomas to Wikang Pambansa

WORKS OF ALEJANDRO ROCES

We Filipinos are Mild Drinkers

 “We Filipinos Are Mild Drinkers” by Alejandro R. Roces is a story set during the American colonization. During these times, lots of
American soldiers can be seen near the barrios of Filipinos.

It has shown how hardworking and humble filipinos are especially their hospitality towards other people.

My Brother's Peculiar Chicken

 One of the Philippines’ most celebrated writers of short stories and essays. The story is popular in short story anthologies. It was listed as
one of Martha Foley’s Best American Stories in 1958 and 1961.

“My Brother’s Peculiar Chicken” deals with cockfighting.

"You cannot be a great writer; first, you have to be a good person."

-Alejandro Roces

FILM AND BROADCASTING ARTS

Film and Broadcasting/Broadcast Arts - direction, writing, production design, cinematography, editing, camera work, and/or performance.

EDDIE “Sinco” ROMERO (July 7,1924 – (May 28, 2013)

• Common known as Eddie Romero, was a Filipino film director, film producer and screenwriter.
• Romero was named National Artist of the Philippines in 2003, and his body of work delved into the history and politics of his country.

Romero is especially known to horror film fans for his three BLOOD ISLAND films from the late 1960s.

Filmography

 Ang Maestra (1941) (writer)  Always kay ganda mo (1949) (director)

 Hindi kita malimot (1948) (director)  Si, si, señorito (1947) (writer)
 Anong ganda mo (1941) (writer)  Sa piling mo (1949) (director)
 La Paloma (1947) (writer)
 Selosa (1948) (director, writer)  Sipag ay yaman (1949) (writer)
 So long America (1946) (writer)  Ang Kamay ng Diyos (1947) (director, writer)
 Milagro ng birhen ng mga rosas (1949) (writer)
 Apoy sa langit (1949) (director)  Kaaway ng bayan (1947) (writer)
 Isumpa mo giliw (1947) (writer)
 Camelia (1949) (writer)
 Abogada (1949) (director)  Hele hele bago quiere (1947) (writer)
 Mameng, iniibig kita (1947) (writer, assistant director)  Batalyon trece (1949) (writer)

 Kasintahan sa pangarap (1951) (director)

  Sabas, ang barbaro/ Sabas the Barbarian (1952) (director)  Pitong gabi sa Paris/ Seven Nights in Paris (1960)
based on a comic book character (director)
 Buhay alamang (1952) (director, writer)  Durugin si Totoy Bato (1979) (screenplay)
 Ang asawa kong Amerikana (1953) (director)  Aguila (1980) (director, screenplay, producer)
 Ang ating pag-ibig (1953) (director)  Palaban (1980) (director)
 El Indio (1953) (director)  Kamakalawa (1981) (director, writer)
 Maldita (1953) (director)  Desire (1982) (director)
 May bakas ang lumipas (1954) (director)  Ang Padrino (1984) (screenplay)
 The Day of the Trumpet (1957) (director, writer)  Hari sa hari, lahi sa lahi (1987) a.k.a. King and
 The Kidnappers (1958) (director) Emperor (International: English title) (director, writer)
 The Scavengers (1959) (co-producer, writer)  A Case of Honor (1988) (director)
 Terror Is a Man (1959) (co-producer)  Whiteforce (1988) (director)
 Espionage: Far East (1961) (director)  Noli Me Tangere (1993) (director)
 Lost Battalion (1960) (producer, director, writer)  Faces of Love (2006) (director)
 Teach Me to Love (2008) (director)

GANITO KAMI NOON… PAANO KAYO NGAYON

● is a 1976 Philippine period drama film set in the end of Spanish colonization and the start of American colonization in the  Philippines.

● The film was selected as the Philippine entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 49th Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a
nominee.

Different definions of the word “FILIPINO”

FATHER GIL CORCUERA defines the word “Filipino” as the Spaniards living in the Philippines.

LIM , who is a Chinese merchant, also identify Filipinos as the Spaniards living here in the country

DON TIBOR, defined Filipinos as those who are ready to take responsibilities.

The Mad Doctor of Blood Island is a 1969 Filipino horror film, co-directed by Eddie Romero and Gerardo de Leon, and starring John Ashley,
Angelique Pettyjohn, Eddie Garcia and Ronald Remy.

It was the third in a series of four Filipino horror films produced by Romero and Kane W. Lynn known as the “Blood Island” series, which also
included Terror Is a Man, Brides of Blood and Beast of Blood

MUSIC

• Felipe Padilla De Leon was a Filipino classical music composer, conductor and a scholar. He was the third of the four children by the
second marriage of her mother Natalia Padilla.

• In 1992, he took up Fine arts in the University of the Philippines, but had to abandon his studies to make a living. He played the trombone
in cabarets and circuses, and later worked as an assistant conductor of the Nueva Ecija High School Orchestra, where he started composing
music. To improve his composing skills he again enrolled to the University of the Philippines and graduated in 1939 with a diploma of
music teacher and conductor.

• He married the pianist Iluminada Mendoza whom he has a six children, including Bayani – a prominent composer and Felipe Jr., a writer.

• De Leon’s works consists mostly of sonatas, marches, and concertos have become the full expression of the sentiments and aspirations of
the Filipino in times of strife and of peace, making him the epitome of a people’s musician.

Awards & Honors

 Republic Cultural Heritage Award  Patnubay ng Kalinangan Award

 Rizal Pro-Patria Award  Composer of the Year (1949)
 Presidential Award of Merit  Musician of the Year (Manila, 1958)
  National Artist of the Philippines (1997)

Selected Works:

 Noli Me Tangere [Kay Tamis ng  Pasko Na Naman  Magtanim ay Di Biro

Buhay and Awit ng Gabi ni Sisa]  Nochebuena  Bagong Pagsilang
 El Filibusterismo [Palitan,  Awit sa Paglikha ng Bagong
Kundiman, Kumintang] Piulipinas

 Noli Me Tangere – is an opera in 3 acts by Felipe Padilla De Leon with libretto by Guillermo Tolentino. It is closely based on a novel by
Jose Rizal by the same name. The opera was sung entirely in Tagalog and is considered the first full-length Filipino opera.

 El Filibusterismo - It is a subversion and is in 3 acts with the libretto Anthony Morli. It is sequel of Noli Me Tangere, another novel by
Rizal which was adapted as an opera by the same composer. El Filibusterismo is more intense and contemporary style, compared to De
Leon’s Noli Me Tangere which was written about a decade and half earlier.

 Pasko Na Naman - It is one of the most popular Tagalog Christmas songs that every Filipino knows how to sing. The music was composed
by Felipe Padilla De Leon and was arranged by George Hernandez.

 Noche Buena - Just like the previous song, Noche Buena is also a Christmas song written y composer Felipe Padilla De Leon and lyricist
Levi Celerio in 1965. This song is widely known in the Philippines as Christmas standard and has been recorder by numerous Filipinos
since its publication.

 Awit Sa Paglikha Ng Bagong Pilipinas - It is a patriotic song. It was commissioned during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines and
intended to supplant Lupang Hinirang as the national anthem. It was also sung by the members of the Hukbo ng Bayan, at Laban sa Hapon.
However, the words bear sentiments against the Japanese occupiers and the desire for national liberation.

 Magtanim Ay Di Biro - It is a popular tagalog folk song. The song tells of the struggles of farmers, how one must twist and bend to plant
rice in the muddy paddles all day, with no chance to sit nor stand.

 Bagong Pagsilang - A Filipino song commissioned during the presidency of Ferdinand Marcos that explicitly extols the Kilusang Bagong
Lipunan or New Society Movement introduced by Marcos upon the declaration of Martial Law in 1972. The lyrics was written by Levi
Celerio and the music was composed by Felipe De Leon in 1973. This song was also used in Marcos son Bongbong Marcos, during his
presidential campaign in 2022.

DANCE

Leonor Orosa Goquingco (24 July 1917 – 15 July 2005)

•She's a Filipino national artist in creative dance, who was also known for breaking tradition within dance.

•She played the piano, drew art, designed scenery and costumes, sculpted, acted, directed, danced and choreographed.

She is the second child of pioneer physicians Sixto Orosa and Sevedna Luna, and the elder sister of critic Rosalinda Orosa. She is married
to Benjamin Goquingco. They have three children, two of whom-Rachelle and Regina-are both dancers.

Orosa Goquingco was the first Filipino to choreograph ballet to the music of well-known foreign composer, the first to utilize Filipino
traditions, themes, stories, and music in her dance programs, and the first to stylize Philippine ethnic dances and weave them into elaborate,
theatrical dance productions.

In1939, she produced Circling the Globe, and a year later, Dance Panorama. In 1940 she created The Elements, the first ballet
choreographed by a Filipino to commissioned music, and Sports, featuring cheerleaders, a tennis match, and a basketball game. A year
later, she choreographed the first Philippine folkloric ballet, Trend: Return to the Native.

MEANING OF COLORS

Color - Is one of the strongest non-verbal forms of communications that designers can use. Color can instantly evoke an emotion and help
people understand the brand is being represented.
RED - Power, passionate love, passion, adventure, and energy; but can also symbolize anger, seduction, violence, and danger, warning. 

Attention-getting, warmth, power, action. Red raises the blood pressure, and makes people hungry.

ORANGE - enthusiasm, fascination, creativity, determination, success, and stimulation. Its negative meaning can be abrasive and crass.

Affordable, creative, light-hearted, and youthful, exciting, food and may drive appetite.

YELLOW - happiness, enlightenment, joy, positivity, and clarity. It can also symbolize being critical, judgmental, or cautious. Curiosity, Conflict

GREEN - life, renewal, nature, growth, balance and harmony. It can also be a symbol of greed, jealousy, and possessiveness, Sick.

Healing, tranquility, environmental, fresh. Green represents vitality and renewal, and is eco-friendly and soothing and money.

BLUE - Depth, stability, wisdom, faith, truth, and heaven. The negative side can be coldness, uncaring, and sadness. 

Calming, confidence, dignity, loyalty, trustworthy and focus.

PURPLE - creating royalty, nobility, pride, and ambition. The negative side is decadence, conceit, and pomposity.

Regal, mysteries and spiritual and Magical

BLACK - Secrets, morbid feeling, grief, dignified Distinctive, serious, and authority. Black is sophisticated and classic, just like a clean-cut suit.

BROWN - wood and the earth, restful, steadiness, dependability, nostalgia

rough, and utility, construction.

PINK - Feminine, care, and gentle. female appeal, and delicateness.

WHITE - Peace, purity, cleanliness

safety, innocence, youth and perfection. simplicity and freshness. lifeless and chalky

THE ORDER OF NATIONAL ARTIST

The Order of the National Artists Award (Orden ng Gawad Pambansang Alagad ng Sining) is the highest national recognition given to Filipino
individuals who have made significant contributions to the development of Philippine arts.

The order is concurrent administered by:

• National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA)

• Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP)

• and conferred by the President of the Philippines upon recommendation by both institutions.
The award is one of the Honors conferred by the Republic of the Philippines that represents the nation’s highest ideals in the humanities and aesthetic
expression through the recognizable achievements of individual citizens

The said achievements are measured in terms of their vision, unusual insight, creativity and imagination, technical proficiency of the highest order in
expressing Filipino culture and traditions, history, way of life, and aspirations.

Under the Proclamation No.1001 dated April 27, 1072 the Order of the National Artist Award (Orden ng Gawad Pambansang Alagad ng Sining was
established.

It gives an appropriate recognition and prestige to Filipinos who have acclaimed themselves and made a remarkable contribution to Philippine arts
and letters.

Fernando Amorsolo

The first award was given to him.

On May 15, 1973 under the Proclamation No. 1144, CCP Board of Trustees was named as the National Artist Awards Committee. The Presidential
Decree No.28 that was issued on June 7, 1973 reiterated the mandate of CCP to administer the National Awards as well as the privileges and honors
to National Artist.

The Order of National Artists aims to recognize:

1. The Filipino artists who have made significant contributions to the cultural heritage of the country.
2. The Filipino artistic accomplishment at its highest level and to promote creative expression as significant to the development of a national
cultural identity.
3. The Filipino artists who have dedicated their lives to their works to forge new paths and directions for future generations of Filipino artists.

The following are the seven categories under which National Artists can be recognized:

1. Literature – poetry fiction, essay, playwriting, journalism and/or literary criticism.

2. Film and Broadcasting/ Broadcast Arts – direction, writing, production, design, cinematography, editing, camera work, and/or
performance.
3. Architecture, Design and Allied Arts – architecture design, interior design, industrial arts design, landscape architecture and fashion design.
4. Music – singing, composition, direction, and/or performance.
5. Dance – choreography, direction and/or performance.
6. Theater – direction, performance and/or design
7. Visual Arts – painting, sculpture, printmaking, photography, installation art, mixed media works, illustration, graphic arts, performance art
and/or imaging.

Qualifications for the National Artist Award:

1. Living artists who are natural-born Filipino citizens.

2. The content and form of their work have procured in building a Filipino sense of nationhood.
3. An artist who have developed a mode of creative expression or style and living a legend on succeeding generations of artists.
4. An artist who manifest excellence in the practice of their art form.
5. The artwork made has attained an international and national recognition.

Insignia of the Order of the National Artists

The center of the badge is divided into three equal portions, in red, white and blue representing the Philippine Flag with three stylized letter K’s that
stands for the CCP’s motto “ Katotohanan, Kabutihan at Kagandahan “ ( The true, the good and the beautiful ). The Grand Collar is made from silver
gilt bronze.

National Artists of the Philippines

Architecture & Applied Arts

1973 Juan Nakpil 1990 Leondro V. Locsin

1976 Pablo Antonio 2006 Ramon Valera

2014 Jose Maria Zaragoza 2006 I.P Santos

Dance

1973 Francisca Reyes Aquino 1988 Lucrecia Reyes Urtula

1976 Leonor Orosa-Goquingco 2006 Ramon Obusan

Film and Broadcasting

1982 Gerardo de Leon 2003 Eddie S. Romero

1997 Lino Brocka 2009 Manuel Conde

2001 Ishmael Bernal

Literature

1973 Amado V. Hernadez 1997 N.V. M Gonzales 2006 Bienvenido Lumbera

1973 Jose Garcia Villa 1997 Carlos Quirino 2009 Lazaro Francisco

1976 Nick Joaquin 10 1999 Edith L. Tiempo 2014 Cirilo F. Bautista

1982 Calos P. Romulo 2001 F. Sionil Jose

1990 Francisco Arcellana 2003 Virgilio S. Almario

Music

1973 Antonio J. Molina 1991 Lucio D. San Pedro 1999 Ernani Joson Cuenco

1976 Jovita Fuentes 1997 Felipe Padilla de Leon 1999 Andrea O. Veneracion

1988 Antonio R. Buenaventura 1997 Jose Maceda 2014 Francisco Feliciano

1989 Lucrecia R. Kasilag 1997 Levi Celerio 2014 Ramon Santos

Theater

1987 Honorata " Atang" de la Rama 1997 Wlfrido Ma. Guerero 1999 Daisy Avellana

1997 Levi Celerio 1997 Rolando S. Tinio 2001 Severino Montano

Visual Arts

1972 Fernando C. Amorsolo 1981 Vicente Manansala 2003 Jose T. Joya

1973 Carlos " Botong" V. Francisco 1990 Cesar Legaspi 2006 Abdulmari Asia Imao

1973 Guillermo E. Tolentino 1991 Hernando R. Ocampo 2006 Bencab

1976 Victorio C. Edades 1997 Arturo R. Luz 2009 Federico Aguillar Alcuaz

1976 Napoleon V. Abueva 1999 J. Elizalde Navarro 2014 Francisco Coching

2001 Ang Kiukok

 National Artist & Their Contributions

National Artist for Visual Arts

VISUAL ARTS

Hernando Ocampo

His pieces show the kind of society there was after World War II

Works

• Genesis • Nude with Cradle & Flower

• Calvary • The resurrection
• Slum Dwellers • Fiesta

Benedicto Cabrera

Award-winning painter and printmaker who was tagged as a master of Philippines contemporary art.

Received various awards & two of these recognition are National Artist Award & the Gawad CCP para sa Sining.

Sabel- Most popular subject in his Painting

Carlos “Botong”Francisco

A muralist from Angono Rizal where he painted murals showing historical past of the Philippines.

He is also called “The Triumvirate” along with others.

Works

 Martyrdom of rizal  Portrait of Purita

 Bayanihan  First Mass at Limasawa
 Sandugo  The Invasion of Limahong

Cesar Legaspi

Pioneered Philippine Modernism. Indigenized cubism and produced art works showing local temperaments.

The Beggars Painting

Works

• The beggars - Flight - Ovary

• The stairway - Struggle - Idols of the third eye

• The ritual - Peace

• The survivor - Bayanihan

• Gadget I&II - Facade

 Abdulmari Asia Imao

From Sulu who articulated the muslim culture and art in the country.

Using his work, he empowered cultural groups to take part in promoting equality and in building a better society.

Works

• Industry brass mural of the Philippine National Bank

• Industrial Mural of the Central Bank of the Philippines

• Mural Relief in filmmaking painting in the Manila city hall

Sarimanok

Guillermo Tolentino

Master sculptor who introduced classical sculpture in the country.

Works

 UP Oblation  Manuel Quezon and Ramon Magsaysay

 Andress Bonifacio and Jose Rizal monuments  Guillermo Tolentino’s Oblation

Arturo Luz

An abstractionist known for Minimalist paintings and sculptures which exude sophisticated simplicity.

1st lesson was under tutelage of Pablo Amorsolo, brother of Fernando Morosolo.

Works

• Procession • Skipping rope

• Candle vendor • Grand finale
• Bagong Taon • Cyclist series
Self portrait
• Vendedor de flores
• Night glows

Frederico Aguilar Alcuz

Artist known for his gestural abstract expressionistic paintings using variety of mediums like acrylic and oil.

Produced abstract and figurative sculptures made of materials like ceramics, paper and mixed media.

Works
• Reveries of love
• Still life with landscape
• Panoramic view of manila • Tres marias
• Tap room

Napolen Abueva

Father of Modern Philippine Sculpture.

 Works

• Nine muses • Sunburst

• Kaganapan • The transfiguration
• Stations of the cross

Jeremias Elizalde Navarro

Known as J. Elizalde Navarro, was a painter and a sculptor.

Created both abstract and figure paintings using oil and watercolor.

His figure painting were inspired by Balinse art and culture.

As a sculpture, he was popular for his masks, carved in hardwood wherein he combined metals and found materials.

Works

• Im sorry Jesus I cant Attend the mass • The seasons

• Grand Prix:Homeage to doggie laurel • All because of humpy dumpy’s fall.
• A flying contraption for mr. Icarus

The Passage of Spring

Francisco Coahing

Tagged as “Dean of Filipino Illustrators”. Known for komiks drawings.

Works

• Lapu-lapu • El nido
• Pedro Penduko • Maldita
• Hagibis

Victorio Edades

Father of Modern Philippine Painting.

One of the “triumvirate” who introduced modernism Philippine visual arts.

Works

 The sketch  The wrestler

 Japanese girl  Poinsettia girl
 Mother and daughter

Ang kiukok

Known as expressionistic works containing powerful meanings.

Angst, anguish and anger are the glaring emotions in his cubistic works were made during martial law.

Works
  Geometric landscape  Seated figure
 Pieta  Fisherman

Jose Joya

Abstractionist known for his “gestural paintings”.

He promoted visual arts by conducting regional workshops.

Works

 Approaching storm  City entering the edge of sundown

 Space transfiguration  Dimension of fear
 Beethoven listening to blues

National Artist for Architecture, Design and Allied Arts

Pablo S. Antonio (Jan 25, 1902- June 14, 1975)

Known for his simple architectural design and his structures were austerity and function.

Work

 Far Eastern University

Leandro V. Locsin (Aug 15, 1928-Nov 15, 1994)

His design was described as original and modern with a touch Filipino culture and arts represented by the presence of traditional forms and
patterns in his works.

Work

 Istana Nurul Iman (Palace of Religious light)

Juan F. Nakpil (May 26,1899-May 7,1986)

His design were strength, function and aesthetics. His works reflects the Philippines traditional and cultural heritage.

Works

 Avenue theater and hotel building  Renovated quiapo church

 Quezon institute Buildings  The facade of the QI Administration Building in Quezon
 International Eucharistic Congress altar City

Ildefonso P. Santos (Sept 5, 1929- Jan 29,2014)

Famous landscape architect known for landscaping plaza, gardens, hotels and playgrounds and others.

He introduced outdoor shopping concept through his design of the Makati commercial center.

Works

 Laguna’s Caliraya Lake resort  Lipa

 Loyola Memorial Park  Mt. Malarayat golf and country club
 Eternal Gardens Memorial Park  Hotel with great sunset view of Sofitel Philippine Plaza
 Tagaytay Highland resort Manila
 San Miguel Corporation Building by Ildefonso Santos, Jr.
 National Artist for Literature

Francisco Arcellana (Sept 6,1916-Aug 1,2002)

One of the Proponents of modern Filipino short story which uses English language.

Come up with short stories using lyrical prose-poetic approach.

Works

 Death in a factory  Frankie

 A clown remembers  Lina

Edith Tiempo (April 22,1919-Aug 21, 2011)

Founded Silliman national writer’s workshop in Dumaguete City with her husband.

Works

 The littlest Marmoset

 Bonsai

Bienvenido Lumbera (April 11, 1932)

Introduced bagay poetry together with other artist Rolando Tinio, Jose Labaca, Antonio Samson and Emundo Martinez.

Works

 Likhang dila  Pakikiramay

 Likhang diwa  Sariling bayan
 Apat na dulang may musika

N.V.M. Gonzalez (Sept 8, 1915-Nov 28,1999)

Writer known for his effective use of English expressing, shaping the culture and sensibility of Filipino people and the country.

Received a Republic Cultural Heritage Award – 1960 Gawad CCP para sa sining – 1990 and a Doctor of Humane letters.

Works

• The winds of April • The bread of salt

• Work on the mountain • Seven hills away

Virgilio Almario (March 9, 1944)

“Rio Alma” as his pen name and publish books about poets reflection of self and society.

Famously known for his modern poetry filled with social consciousness.

A scholar, teacher, columnist and a publisher. He become a Executive Director of NCCA (1998-2001).

Works

• Doktrinang Anakpawis (reflects 70’s political • Rekwerdo

mayhem) • Muli sa kandungan ng lupa
• Retrato (Retro – Muli are his Trilogy)

Cirilio Bautista (July 9, 1941)

Contributed in the enrichment and promotion of Philippine literature through his writings, workshops and lectures.
 Was in the founding of literary groups like the Philippine literary art council, Baguio Writers Group and the Iligan Writers Workshops.

Works

• Summer suns • Words and battlefield

• Galaw ng asoge • Among others

Nick Joaquin (April 29, 2004)

A playwright, poet, novelist, short story writer and a journalist.

His literary pieces explored the Spanish colonial past of the country and the social changes evident in the Philippines.

Works

• Dona Geronima • Cave

• The order of Melchizedek • Shadows
• The ballad of five battles • The woman
• Rizal in saga • Who have two navels

Amado V. Hernandez (Sept 13, 1903-March 24, 1970)

Believes that a writer should uplift the human spirit by being the voice of the society in times of oppression.
Works

• Bayang Malaya • Langaw sa Isang Basong Gatas

• Isang Dipang Langit • Magkabilang Mukkha ng isang Bagol
• Luha ng Buwaya

Lazaro Francisco (Feb 22,1898-June 17, 1980)

Master of tagalog novel whose literary pieces highlight the writers nationalism.

Published 11 literary pieces which are considered literary pieces.

Works

• Ama
• Daluyong
• Maganda pa ang daigdig

Jose Garcia Villa (Aug 5, 1908-Feb 7, 1997)

Also known as Doveglion (dove, eagle, lion). He was popular in local and international.

Works

• Many voices
• Poem 55
• Footnote to youth
• Poems in praise of love: the best poems of Jose Garcia villa

Francisco Sionil Jose

Known as F. Sionil Jose, was recognized for his remarkable writings showing the Filipino aspiration for freedom and social justice.

A journalist who traveled to different part of the world and become exposed to different societal problems.

Works
 • Opus called saga • Tree
• My brother • Mass
• Poon • The pretenders
• My executioner

Carlos P. Romulo (Jan 14, 1898-Dec 15, 1985)

An editor, reporter and publisher that wrote articles predicting the WWII and won the Pulitzer prize in journalism in America.

1st Asian who become president of the United Nations.

Works

• The united • Aside from being a writer

• His autobiography I walked with heroes • He is a respected world leader
• Other war-time memoirs

Carlos Quirino (Jan 14, 1910-May 20, 1999)

1ST recipient of the national artist award for historical literature awarded by president Fidel V. Ramos.

A National Artist for historical literature.

Works

• The great Malayan • Lives of the Philippine presidents

• Maps and views of old manila • The history of the Philippine sugar industry

First penned for the 1938 Commonwealth Biography contest, Carlos Quirino's The Great Malayan is a sweeping and majestic life story of the
Philippine national patriot, Jose Rizal. Epic in scope

National Artist for Film and Broadcast Arts

Lamberto V. Avellana

Also called “the boy wonder of the Philippine cinema”.

A director who 1st utilized motion picture camera which influenced filmmaking techniques.

Establish the barangay Theater Guild together with his wife.

“Sakay” was the 1st film he directed that won the best picture of 1939.

Works

• Badjao • Kalderong pilak

• Anak Dalita

Lino Brocka (April 3, 1939-May 22, 1991)

An award winning director who used “freedom of expression” in his works.

A social activist that gave hope to the marginalized sector of society through his productions.

Works

• Wanted:perfect mother • Maynila:sa kuko ng liwanag

• Tubog s ginto • Bona
• Tinimbang ka ngunit kulang • Makiusap ka sa diyos
• Orapronobis
Ishmael Bernal (Sept 30, 1938-June 2, 1996)

Called “Genius od the Philippine Cinema”.

His works reflects the existing realities of the Philippine society and the struggle of the Filipino people.

Works

• Himala • Pahiramng isang umaga

• Nunal sa Tubig • Broken Marriage

Manuel Conde Urbano (Oct 9, 1915-Aug 11,1985)

Established the MC (Manuel Conde) Production and produce movies which mirrors and critiques the Filipino tradition.

He introduced local cinema to an international audience.

Works

• Siete Infantes De Lara • Genghis Khan

• Si Juan Tamad • Sigfredo
• Ikaw kasi

Gerardo de Leon (Sept 12, 1913-July 25, 1981)

His 1st training ground in the cinema was a piano player for silent movies.

Works

• Noli Me Tangere - Daigdig ng mga api

• El Filibusterismo - Sisa

Ronald Alam K. Poe (Aug 20, 1939-Dec 14, 2004)

Known as Fernando Poe Jr; was a legendary icon in the Philippine cinema.

Played the role in many action movies like Batang maynila, mga alabok sa lupa, ang probinsyano, totoy bato and more.

National Artist for Music

Antonino R. Buenaventura (May 4, 1904-Jan 25, 1996)

Together with Francisca Reyes Aquino, National artist for Dance, Research on and popularized Philippines folk songs and dances.

Wrote songs and Musical arrangements base on folk songs of different ethnic groups.

Also a conductor of the Philippine army band and was tagged as “the only band that can sound like a symphony orchestra”.

Well known Works

• History of fantacy • E-flat

• Trumphal March • Ode to freedom
• Echoes of the past • Prelude and fugue
• Second Symphony

Jose Maceda (Jan 31, 1917-May 5, 2004)

Focus on understanding and popularizing Filipino traditional music.

Major Works
 • Ugma-ugma • Ugnayan
• Pagsamba • Aroding
• Udlot-udlot • Ading
• Kubing • Siasid
• Agungan • Suling suling

Lucrecia R. Kasilag (Aug 31, 1918-Aug 16, 2008)

Reinforces the Filipino appreciation to music by fusing western influence to Philippine ethnic music.

With other artist they made the group 1 of the finest cultural dance group in the Philippines.

Was the director of the bayanihan dance company.

Major Works

1. Legend of the sarimanok 4. Filiasiana

2. Toccata for Percussions and winds 5. De Profundis
3. Divertissement and concertante
6. Misang Pilipino
Ernani J. Cuenco (May 10, 1936-June 11, 1988)

His style of incorporating kundiman elements in his ballad love songs mark in the hearts of the Filipinos.

Singer, composer, film scorer and musician. Was a cellist for 5 years in Manila symphony orchestra. And was a professor in University of
Santo Tomas.

Major Works

1. Bato sa buhangin 3. Kalesa

2. Bulong ng Puso 4. Gano kita kamahal

Antonio J. Molina (Dec 26, 1894- Jan 29, 1980)

Innovated the Philippine music by using folk instruments like the kulintangan and gabbang.

Established the Rondalla ideal and continued with his musical career.

Known as the last musical triumvirate along with Nicanor Abelardo and Francisco Santiago.

300 composed works, 2/3 of this used traditional music.

Works

1. Choral symphony 4. Chamber music

2. Kundiman-kundangan 5. We were moonlight
3. The living world 6. Dancing fool

Francisco Feliciano (Feb 19, 1941- Sept 19, 2014)

Musician, composer, teacher and conductor known for incorporating “asianess” in his music. Asian – means Philippines.

His choral pieces, he use musical lines from ethnic songs resulting to the enthusiastic harmony of sound and culture.

Works

1. Sihay sa kabila ng paalam 4. Pamagun

2. La loba negra 5. Year
3. Pokpok alimako 6. The ashen wings

Levi Celerio (April 30, 1910- April 2, 2002)

Was recommended a scholarship by Alexander Lippay of University of the Philippines to academy of music Manila.

The national artist known for making musing using a leaf and was included in the Guinness book of records.
 Had an accident resulting to a broken wrist that stopped him from music. He then become a lyricist.

He composed 400 musical works.

Works

1. Ugoy ng duyan 4. Ang pasko ay sumapit

2. Dahil sa isang bulaklak 5. Kalesa
3. Saan k man

Ramon Santos (Feb 25, 1941)

Composed works that interweaved Asian culture, drama, poetry and dance like his sandiwaan, daragang magayon. Ta-o, awit ni pulau.

He organized international festival for rondalla and forum for traditional music attended by composers.

Works

• Kulintang is a piece for solo piano that resembles an instrument in Mindanao

Jovita Fuentes (Feb 15, 1895- Aug 7, 1978)

Founder of the artist guild of the Philippines which periodically produced the “tour of operaland”. An educator in music at University of the
Philippines conservatory of music, Sta. Isabel collage and collage of holy spirit.

She made her country proud for her voice and performance.

Filipina artist known for her portrayal of Cio-Cio in madame butterfly by Giac33omo Puccini.

Andrea Veneracion (July 11, 1928-July 9, 2013)

Played a part in development of the Philippine choral music.

Founder of the world-reowned choral group, the Philippine Madrigal Singers.

Contributed in the development of choral literature and movement throughout the Philippines

National Artist for Dance

Francisca Reyes Aquino (March 9, 1899- Nov 21, 1983)

Awarded by Ramon Magsaysay a Republic Award Merit.

Research titled ‘Philippine Dances and Games’ (1920s) contains the country’s unrecorded celebrations, folk dances, rituals and games.

Published books about dances

• Fundamental dance steps and Music

• Gymnastic for girls

• Philippine National Dance

• Philippines Folk Dance Vol.1-VI

Ramon Obusan (June 16, 1938- Dec 21, 2006)

Promoted Philippine ethnic dances and performed them with respect and authenticity.

Ramon Obusan Folkloric Group’s performances, outreach works, and tour inspired many to embrace the Filipino culture.

Presentations
 • Kayaw’68 - Maynila
• Kayaw’74 - Rare and Unpublish Dance
• Vamos a Belen!Series
• Noon pa sa amin
• Kasaysaya ng lahi

Alice Reyes (Oct 14, 1942)

Developed Filipino modern dance idiom, creatively interweaved ethnic, modern and ballet dance.

Major Works

• Amada • Rama Hari

• Tales of the Manuyu • At a Maranaw Gathering
• Bayanihan Remembered

Lucrecia Reyes-Urtula (June 29, 1929-Aug 4, 1999)

Dance Director of Bayanihan Philippine Dance Company for 3yrs.

Major Works Cultural dances like:

• Singkil • Pagdiwata
• Vinta • Salisid
• Tagabili

National Artist for Theater

Daisy Avellana (Jan 26, 1917- May 12, 2013)

1ST lady of the Philippines Theater.

Founder of Barangay Theater Guild with her husband National Artist Lamberto Avellana.

Productions she is part of:

• Othello
• Macbeth in black
• Tatrin
• Portrait of the artist as Filipino
• Diego silang
• Walang sugat

Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero (Jan 22, 1910-April 28, 1995)

Mentor and trained many performing artist for 35yrs.

Established UP Mobile Theater.

Works

• Wanted: A Chaperon
• Condemned
• Perhaps
• In unity
• Three Rats
• The Forsaken
•
Honorata “Atang” dela Rama (Jan 11, 1902-July 11,1991)

Become popular and hailed as the Queen of Kundiman.

She took part: Songs she Popularized:

• Dalagang Bukid • Pakiusap Sarswelas she wrote:

• Mascota • Ay Kalisud
• Marina • Madaling araw • Puri at bahay
• Pangarap ni Rosa • Kung Iibig Kita • Anak ni Eba
• Aking Ina
Salvador F. Bernal (Jan 7, 1945- Oct 26, 2011)

40yrs as an theater designer who design theater productions.

Professor at University of the Philippines Diliman and Ateneo De Manila University.

Established PATDAT (Philippine Association of Theatre Designers and Technicians) 1995.

Internationally introduced Philippine theater design through the Philippines center of OISTAT.

Severino Montano (Jan 3, 1915-Dec 12, 1980)

Hailed as titan of the Philippine Theater. Known as top-caliber playwright, theater artist and director.

Founded the Arena Theater in 1953 while he was dean of Philippine Normal Collage.

Developed graduate theater programs in PNU and produce artist like National Artist Lino Brocka & Rolando Tinio.

PRESENTATION OF ARTS FROM THE REGION

THE PRODUCTION PROCESS AND THE CHANGING ENVIRONMENT

1. Tourism – tourist mobility might influence the community’s observance of tradition and tend to diminish the quality of native art forms; the
works are transformed into mass produced souvenirs in order to meet the demands of the tourist trade.
2. Militarization – Insecurity and tensions brought about by militarized zones apprehend the people’s ability to create art. It prevents people
from having communal gatherings, where exchanges and passing of knowledge can take place.
3. Christianization – Influence of Christianity and the conversion of the natives to foreign religion have affect the preservation of their
traditions by holding clan reunions, employing native wedding rites, and recalling narratives of their culture through painting.

SUPPORT SYSTEMS OF THE PHILIPPINE ART

1. NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR CULTURE AND THE ARTS – the overall policy making body, coordination, and grants giving agency
for the preservation, development and promotion of Philippine arts and culture; and an executing agency for the policies it formulates
2. CULTURAL CENTER OF THE PHILIPPINES – leading institution for the arts and culture in the Philippines by promoting artistic
excellence and nurturing the broadest publics to participate in art making and appreciation.
3. NATIONAL MUSEUM – educational, scientific, and cultural institution that acquires, documents, preserves, exhibits, and fosters
scholarly study and public appreciation of work of art, specimens, and cultural and historical artifacts representative of the unique cultural
heritage of the Filipino people and the natural history of the Philippines.
4. METROPOLITAN MUSEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES – One of the major Museum in the Philippines. It was the first to develop and
extend its audience by embracing the philosophy of art for all, adopt a bilingual approach in exhibition texts, and implement a vigorous
education and community outreach program