Section 3) Methodology

Proposed Methodology

1. Brief Introduction
The project is located in the compound of Bole International airport. The work involves
constructing the new apron and new taxiway, scarifying and rehabilitation the existing taxiway
and runway surface, building some concrete retaining and some minor drainage works.
The following major construction activities will be carried out:
 Clearing & grubbing (28.85 ha)
 Earth Works including sub grade preparation, cut / fill & borrow material(1,934,590.5m3)
 capping layer material (142,708.92m3)
 Sub-base placing (72,363m3)
 Base course placing (44,904.4 m3)
 Asphalt concrete (32,289 m3)
 Rigid concrete pavement (93,527m3)
 Drainage Pipe installation ( 2,733 m)
 Concrete Retaining with pile foundation.
 Scarify the asphalt surface.
The Contractor was successful to complete the rehabilitation works of run way which involves
scarifying the existing porous asphalt, applying tack coat, placing 4cm thick porous asphalt
and run way marking within very short time and CRBC was adequate enough to manage in
completing the works ahead of the completion time .
Detail sequences of major activities of the works are as shown on the next pages.

CRBC Addis Engineering PLC Tender Documents

 2. Construction Methodology
The project will be carried out in following the time frame which is described below. The allocated
working time can be classified in to five periods based on the priority of the works as well as based
on the possible way of conducting the construction.
2.1 First period (The first two months)
In this period major preparation works which helps to attain steady progress of the works after
commencing the construction. Some of the works are:
- Clearing the site which will be utilized for; erecting concrete batch plant, material
stockpiling, access road and establishment of offices for the Engineer and the contractor.
-Constructing the access road to get path for the provision of necessary ingredients for the
construction and to get access for the construction.
-Mobilizing the available concrete batch plant and erecting at the possible site which shall be
at the vicinity of the apron (Lot IA)
-Demolishing and removing the existing houses, buildings, fences, aircrafts etc.
 The materials which can be reused will be carefully dismantled and placed
properly in the area which the client shall propose.
 The aircrafts and the tank shall removed form the area and shifted to the area
which shall be proposed by the client.
-Utilities which are very essential for the construction activity such as water line, power line
and the like will be arranged during this period by discussing with the concerned bodies.
-The area which will be constructed first (Lot IA in this case) will be isolated from the other
site by constructing fence with barbed wire so that to avoid interruption on the other sites and
also to assist the security service. There will be also security house which will be provided for
the assigned security guards.
2.2 Second period (The period between the 3rd month and the 15th month)
Two crews specifically for the construction of the rigid pavement and the rehabilitation works
will be assigned.
During this period Lot IA will get first priority as the client is looking for the early
completion of this apron. The rehabilitation work will be also constructed concurrently.
The crews will be involved in the following activities.
2.2.1 Rigid pavement:
- As the work involves large quantity of earth work the necessary resources
of equipments and manpower will be deployed from the start of the period
and the work will be started immediately.
- After finishing the earth work, casting concrete will be followed. As the
site near to the batch plant, the concrete will be transported by dump trucks
after providing plastic cover to maintain the quality of the concrete. The
detail work method of concrete work is discussed in the next section.
- Road marking, lighting and traffic sign for this section will be done if the
client requires these works to be completed within this period.
CRBC Addis Engineering PLC Tender Documents
 2.2.2 Gravel surfacing
- After executing the earth work with similar method used for Lot I A, the
gravel surfacing will be constructed for Lot I B
2.2.3 Rehabilitation work for the old run way and the taxi way
- Detail assessment will be conducted to propose possible design.
- By discussing with the client the run way will be classified in to three
sections in such a way that there will be no/ negligible interruption of the
undergoing operation of air port. (Refer the proposed classification of the
run way)
- The construction activities which are described below will continue as per
the classification of the sections.
2.3 Third period (Between the 13th and the 25h month)
Following similar procedure with that of Lot I A , the other apron (Lot II A & Lot II B) will
be constructed during this period. However, as the concrete batch will be relatively far from
the this site, the concrete mix will be transported by trans mixer to maintain the quality of the
concrete and slump test will be conducted twice at the batch plant and at the site prior to
casting the concrete.
2.4 Last period
In this period, there will be finalizing activities which includes, road marking, clearing and
removing available construction materials, preparing as built drawing and starting
demobilization works.
3. Detail work methods for some major activities
3.1 Sub grade
The road section of unsuitable ground shall be replaced with suitable material having CBR
value as specified in the technical specification. Filling is carried out in layers with a
thickness of 20cm for each. The steel wheel roller shall be used to roll the filled materials for
times, then the vibrating rollers are used to roll for 3~5 times till its compaction density meets
the specifications. During the compaction, rolling is done from the two sides (edges) toward
the road center, with 1/3 overlap for each rolling trace. Water tank shall be deployed to spray
the water evenly if the moisture content is too low. The compaction density and level should
be checked by the Engineer when the sub graded is shaped.

A) Earthwork for sub grade

The fill materials shall be obtained from the borrow pits approved by the Engineer and the
excavated materials can be utilized if they are considered suitable for filling by the Engineer.
For the road sections to be excavated in rock materials, rock-blasting operations shall be carried
out there. If blasting is not feasible for safety reasons, excavator can do the work with rock
driller.
1. The unsuitable material shall be discarded in accordance with specifications.
2. Hard or soft materials used in sub grade shall be in accordance with specification.
3. The materials to be used for filling are only those that satisfy the specification requirement.
Boulder materials to be used for fill shall meet the test requirements after getting some necessary
treatment. Heavily loaded roller shall be used to break the oversize materials or individual rocks
CRBC Addis Engineering PLC Tender Documents
 into the fine material with a specified diameter, or grid rollers employed during the compacting
procedures to increase the granular proportions.
B) Requirements of Sub grade
1. The materials CBR value for improved sub grade of the new road section shall be the
specified CBR as determined by AASHTO T-180 and plasticity index.
2. The improved sub grade materials shall undergo special treatment.
3. The oversize materials shall be discarded. Heavy rollers shall be used for compaction during
the construction works to produce more fine materials.
4. Removal of existing road base and pavements will be done as indicated in the specification.
5. The survey interval of the sub grade cross sections is generally 25m, while that at the curved
section shall be 10-15m.

CRBC Addis Engineering PLC Tender Documents

 Construction flow of sub grade

Re-establish control points

Setting out

Clearing & Grabbing

Test for Fill Cut

Approved by Borrowed
the Engineer materials

No
Filling the The
material If suitable road Transport to
material sect the waste area
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CRBC Addis Engineering PLC ifica Tender Documents
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3.2 Sub base laye
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Gravel material to be used for sub-base shall be obtainedwith from approved sources in borrow
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areas. Gravel Sub-base material shall conform to the following requirements specified in the
specification. thic
A) Placing of Sub base kne
Sub-base material shall be spread on the approved ss sub-grade by mechanical means
without segregation. The material shall be loosely of spread in layers to give a
compacted thickness not exceeding 200mm and20c not less than 100mm. The final
compacted layer shall be free from concentrations m of coarse or fine materials.
for
The surface of each completed layer shall be moistened prior to the construction of the
succeeding layer. Determine the optimum moisture eac content according to the
h.
specification. Mix the aggregate and adjust the moisture content to obtain a uniform
mixture with moisture content within 2 percent The of the optimum moisture content.
stee
Spread and shape the mixture on the prepared surface in a uniform layer.
B) Rolling of Sub base l
whe rollers progressing gradually
The material shall be compacted by the use of approved
from the outside towards the centre of the layer,el except on super elevated curves,
where the rolling shall begin at the low side and roll
progress to the high side. Compact
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each layer full width. Roll from the sides to the center, parallel to the centerline of the
shal
road and all places not accessible to the roller, compact the material with approved
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tampers or compactors. Each succeeding pass shall overlap the previous pass by at
use
least one third of the roller width. Rolling shall continue until the entire thickness of
d to
each layer is thoroughly and uniformly compacted to the specified density. Compact
roll Determine the in place density
each layer to at least 95 percent of maximum density.
and moisture content according to the specification.the
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CRBC Addis Engineering PLC
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Construction flow of Sub base Dur
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3.3 Base course h
A) Type of material and transportation rolli
The materials used for the construction of road ng base layers shall be Crushed Rock
which will be produced in the already existing tracquarry site which satisfies the
requirement. The crushing and screening plante.will be capable of crushing and
Wat
screening the aggregates, to be used for crushed rock.
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All the tests for checking of the requirements (Gradation, PI, ACV, CRBC etc) will be
tank
checked at the production site before transporting the material to the construction site.
Up on the approval of the test results, the material shal
shall be transported to the site.
B) Mixing and placing l be
-The surface on which the crushed rock and crushed depl boulder road base is to be laid
shall be free from loose or deleterious material. oye
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-The equipment used shall be of adequate rated capacity, in good working order, and
subject to the approval of the Engineer. spra
- During mixing the mix proportion and the addition y of the required quantity of water
the
to achieve the optimum moisture shall be controlled.
-The material shall be laid by means of a grader. Thewatmaterial shall be spread in layers
not exceeding 200mm and not less than 100mm er compacted thickness.
C) Compaction eve
nly
if
CRBC Addis Engineering PLC
the Tender Documents
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The
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- Compaction shall be carried out using self-propelled 8 – 10 tonnes steel roller.
pact for cleaning the drums and an
Rollers shall be equipped with adjustable scrapers
ion adhesion of asphalt.
efficient means of moistening the drums to prevent
den
-The material shall be compacted by the use of approved rollers progressing gradually
sity
from the outside towards the centre of the layer, except on super elevated curves,
where the rolling shall begin at the low side andand progress to the high side. Each
succeeding pass shall overlap the previous passleve by at least one third of the roller
l
width. Rolling shall continue until the entire thickness of each layer is thoroughly
and uniformly compacted to the specified density.sho
uld shall be compacted by means of
-Any area, which is inaccessible to rolling equipment,
mechanical tampers or other equipment approvedbeby the Engineer. Upon completion
of compaction, the surface of the completed layercheshall be tightly bound, free from
movement under the compaction plant, and freecke from cracks or loose or segregated
material. d by
thebe less than 100% of the
-The in-situ density of the completed layer shall not
maximum dry density Eng
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Construction flow of Base course s
CRBC Addis Engineering PLC Tender Documents

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Sub Base approved by
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3.4 Cement treated base course n
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CRBC Addis Engineering PLC Tender Documents
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For the cement treated base course the following activities shall be applied for this
particular work in addition to the activities indicated in the normal base course
placing. e
A) Mixing x
The stabilizing agent to be used will be cement and based con the mix design, the
materials will be mixed. The mixing plant shall be equipped awith satisfactory means
of accurately controlling the proportions of all constituent v materials. The mix
proportions and the addition of the required quantity of waterato achieve the optimum
t
shall also be controlled. The mixed material shall be transported at the required
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moisture content and in such a way, that no segregation occurs.
B) Placing d
The material shall be laid by a self-propelled paving machine approved by the
m
Engineer. The rate of travel of the paver and its method of operation shall be adjusted
to produce an even and uniform flow of a
material across the full laying width free
from dragging and without segregation. t
C) Compaction e
-The procedures listed above for normal base courser shall be followed but
completed layer shall not be less than 97% of the maximumi dry density
a
- During compaction, loss of moisture through evaporation shall be corrected
by further light applications of water. l
- Final rolling shall be done with equipment that wills give a smooth surface
conforming to the surface tolerance specified.
D) Curing c
- Immediately following completion, the stabilized a layer shall be kept
n
continuously wet or damp by spraying with water at frequent intervals.
- The stabilized layer shall be kept continuously wet for seven days by an
effective fog spraying system that will not damage theb surface of the layer or
by any other system approved by the Engineer. eDuring this period the
application of water shall be so controlled that it will not unduly wet the layer
but at the same time will not allow the layer to dry out.u
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Construction sequences of cement treated baseocourse
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CRBC Addis Engineering PLC Tender Documents
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Maintain and t
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Adjust design Survey and layout
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Curing e
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3.5 Rigid pavement construction e
CRBC Addis Engineering PLC c Documents
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In consideration of the construction methods, the overall arrange of worksb and the interaction of
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activities, the critical activities of this project is concrete pavement construction.

We propose to use the slip-form paver to complete the concrete pavement.e This slip-form paver is
capable of spreading, consolidating, and finishing a concrete slab without xthe use of conventional
forms, and the concrete develops sufficient strength to be self-supporting by c the time it leaves the
paver. The slip-form paver is capable of placing slabs up to 45 cm thick and 6a m wide at speeds up to
3 m/min. v
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As specified in the tender drawings, the Concrete Aprons will be divided intos three worksites namely
Lot I A, Lot II A and Lot IIB. We intend to adopt the continuous flow process, technology, in the
sequence of Apron Lot I A, Lot II A and Lot IIB, and shows in the drawing (construction sequence
schematic of concrete aprons). r
o
1. Temporary Traffic Management
c
Temporary traffic management schemes will be carefully planned after k discussing with the
client in advance and properly implemented to minimize the impact- of construction on the
existing traffic. The Project Manager will prepare temporary traffic management
b schemes for
various stages of the Works. At all times, measures will be in place tol minimize the impact to
local traffic, while meeting the Contract requirements and the Works a Programme. The
proposal plan shows in the drawing (general view showing haulage routes).
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2 . Steps in the construction process o

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Chart 3-2-6 Construction sequences of apron concrete e
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CRBC Addis Engineering PLC i Documents
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Prepare cement treated base b

Maintain and course surface e
check mixing plant
c
Survey and layout a
r
Adjust design r
mixture Prepare reinforcement where i
the L:W is over 1.25 e
d
Fix dowels, tie bar and
Trail mixing expansion joint false work o
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Multifunction t
Construct trial section or Apron
al paver
paver t
h
truck Finishing of concrete e
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Texturing of running surfaces .
Approved by Engineer
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Design Concrete mixing Covering & Curing by water
truck b
formula
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Cut the joint by cutting
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machine
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Fill the joint with filling n
machine g

Flatness, flexural strength, i

Approved by engineer s
concrete thickness checking
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Open to Traffic o
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3. Preparing the base s
When the base has been thoroughly compacted it will need to be shapedi to conform to the
b from which the soft
specified profile and cross-section. Sometimes, good base have soft spots
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material has to be ripped, removed and replaced with material of the same quality as specified
by the design, and compacted. e

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CRBC Addis Engineering PLC o Documents
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The base will need to be laid to a regular and accurate level, and maintained in a clean con -
dition until the concrete is laid; in the interim, its use by construction etraffic should be strictly
limited. Good control of the base surface level improves the uniformity a and quality of
performance of a concrete pavement, as any unevenness in the finished s base will be reflected
in variations in the thickness of the poured slab. o
n
4. Joint assemblies and reinforcement s
At this stage various , joint assemblies
will be placed in position,
depending upon the e design drawing.
x
Type A expansion joint c assemblies with
dowel bars and filler a boards are
prefabricated and v securely sup-
ported on cradles and a fixed to the
base so that they will t not shift when
the concrete is being o spread and
compacted. r

Type B expansion joint c only filler

boards are prefabricated a and securely
supported and fixed to n the base.

Contraction joint dowels d are placed on

prefabricated metal o cradles and
fastened to the base ahead of the
paving machine; cradles t supporting
dowel bars should not h extend across
the joint line. e

w To work
o effectively,
the dowels in each assembly
r must be aligned
parallel to both the surface
k of the slab and the
centreline of the pavement. Filler boards,
which are normally 25 w mm thick, must be set
vertically to ensure that
i adjacent slab ends are
also vertical and that tthere is no likelihood of
one riding up over theh other.

Concrete saws are usedr to cut contraction

joints in concrete slabs to control shrinkage cracking. The depth of ocontrol joints should be
according to the design drawings, but not less than the maximum size c of the aggregate used.
Sawing should be done when the concrete is still green but has hardened k sufficiently to
produce a clean cut. This is usually 6 to 30 h after the concrete has been placed.
d
Tie bars in wet-formed longitudinal joints r assemblies are
made up into rigid assemblies with i adequate
supports, and securely attached to the base l in advance of
the paving machine. The tie bars at l longitudinal
joints will be vibrated into position, using e a method that
ensures compaction of the concrete above r the tie bars.
CRBC Addis Engineering PLC . Documents
Tender

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5. Preparing the concrete arde
A consistent quality concrete must be provided at the site dat in a steady rate. Steady progress
requires the careful and matching of the paving machine’sacc productive capacity with the
orda suitable vehicles to transport
mixing plant’s output capability and the availability of enough
the fresh concrete, to keep the paving machine in continuous nce operation.
with
We propose to use HZS75 concrete mixing plant whichspec the theory productivity would be
75m3 per hour, and located nearby the construction site which ifica shows in the drawing (general
view showing haulage routes). tion
s.
We have more storage facilities and equipment that can control the flow of materials from the
Har concrete into waiting vehicles
stockpiles, through the batching and mixing plant, to the mixed
for transport to the site. d or
soft
When the construction of Apron LOTII A sections, the haul-roadmat is through urban areas, and
erial
it is long and bumpy, the risk of vehicles bunching in traffic congestion increases, with the
consequent risk of an irregular supply to the paving machine. s And the concrete may begin to
use
stiffen and its consistency and workability at the site will be detrimentally affected. So
concrete mixer truck will be used, to ensure the quality and d inworkability of the concrete at the
sub
placement point on-site should be such as to enable it to be fully compacted and finished.
grad
During the construction of Apron LOTI A，LOTII B sections, e trucks will be used.
shal
l be concrete.
Unless otherwise specified, use air entrainment in all slip-form
in
6. Placing and finishing the concrete acc
The placing of the fresh concrete upon the base should be orda carried out so as to obtain an even
depth, of uniform density. nce
with
spec tracks. The correct alignment
The slip-form paver is self-propelled and mounted on caterpillar
and the true surface level of the concrete slab are achieved ifica with the aid of an electronic
sensing system that is attached at the paving machine. This tion continuously picks up guidance
signals from tensioned guide-wires on stakes on side of . the pavement, and automatically
adjusts the machine’s operation as necessary. The accuracy The to which the vertical and
horizontal alignments of the guide-wires are established ismat absolutely critical to the success of
the slip-form paving operation. erial
s to
With a conforming plate slip-form paver, the concrete is be deposited in a hopper at the front of
the moving paver. A hydraulically-adjustable plate attached use to the hopper maintains a
constant surcharge of concrete above the level of the conforming
d plate. As the paver moves
forward the slab edges are formed by the moving slip-forms for as the concrete is forced under
the conforming plate. Immersed vibrators between the strike-off
filli and conforming plates keep
the concrete in a fluid state, and help compact it as it is forced
ng into the space between the base
and the conforming plate. The hopper will be fitted with area spreader to help distribute the
concrete across its full width. only
thos
e
that
satis
fy
the
spec
CRBC Addis Engineering PLC ifica Tender Documents

tion
requ
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Slip-form pavers have the ability to insert transverse roll contraction-joint dowels, at
predetermined positions, into the concrete as it flows fromerthe front of the machine.
shal
l be a vibrating blade is used to
If transverse and longitudinal joints have not been wet-formed
saw them as soon as the concrete has hardened sufficiently useto allow a sharp-edged groove to
be produced without spalling, and before random cracks appeard to in the slab.
brea
k
Sawing is carried out between 10 and 20 h after slab construction. Typically, the grooves are
between 1/4 and 1/3 of the slab depth and not less than the 3 mm wide. Preformed compressed
formers that can accommodate the normal expansion and over contraction changes in the joint,
sizeinto the joints.
without allowing the entry of water or grit, are then vibrated
mat
7. Texturing of running surfaces erial
s or
If the slab surface is to have good skid resistance it must have an adequate micro texture and
indi
macro texture.
vidu
The macro texture of the running surface is obtained byalwire-brushing the surface, at right-
rock of the slab surface and before
angles to the centreline, upon completion of the final regulation
the application of the curing membrane. s
into
the
CRBC Addis Engineering PLC fine Tender Documents
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Wire brushing is carried out manually, from a travelling er, bridge, at right angles to the
longitudinal axis of t the slab. or
grid
8. Curing the concrete roll
Curing aims to ensure that a satisfactory moisture contentersand temperature are maintained in
the newly-placed concrete slab, so that hydration of theempcement continues until the design
strength is achieved. loye
d
Curing involves keeping the surface of the concrete damp durifor at least 7 days using curing
compound. The method used will be to mechanically spray ng the surface and exposed edges of
the concrete slabs with the curing compound immediately the after the finishing/texturing
processes. com
pact
The curing compound which is sprayed that completely covers
ing the surface with a membrane,
and, the membrane will be then worn away by tyre traffic proc when vehicles or planes are
allowed on the slab surface. edur
es
Rain damage to the freshly-textured concrete is minimizedto with the aid of about 60 m of
polythene sheeting; this is towed behind the curing compound
incr sprayer.
ease
the
gran
ular
pro
port
ions
.
Req
3.6 Rehabilitation work (Old run way and taxi way) uire
A) Reinstatement of Alignment before Commencementme of Works
nts
1. Before the commencement of the works, The Contractor will assure the
of
surveying works with sufficient details. This work consists of centerline
Sub
survey, level points, the cross section survey of the runway in order to
gra
make sure the level points and adjacent constructional sections, detecting
de
any error in time, and report to engineer or the employer. The precision of
surveying shall meet the relevant specifications.
2. Check the traverse along the centerline Theand proceed with the stake out
survey works in accordance with designmatdrawings.
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3. Fix main controlling stakes. Pay attention to the runway centerline. Report
s
the problems to the engineer or the employer immediately when certain
errors occur. CB
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B) Setting out of the surveying valu
e
1. The surveying crew shall carry out the for longitudinal and cross sectional
survey and locate the centerline and edge
impof the runway. The construction
surveying team shall also carry out the detail setting out and control of
rove
works during construction. d
2. Confirm the original level of the existing
sub asphalt surface, in comparison
with the level at the finished level. grad
C) Scarifying of the Existing Pavement e of
CRBC Addis Engineering PLC the Tender Documents
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road
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the
spec
ifie
Existing road pavement shall be demolished d / scarified using an appropriate
milling machine as approved by the engineer. CBEvery care will be taken to avoid
damage of the under laying base course. The R asscarified existing pavement layer
will immediately be loaded to a dump truckdete and spoiled to a place identified by
the Employer. These works shall be carriedrmi out under close supervision of the
Engineer and the Contractor superintendents. ned Detail stake out survey of level
points shall be set jointly with the Engineerby before commencing the
construction. Complete data of all levelAA points shall be submitted to the
engineer for approval. SH
D) Asphalt Concrete Construction TO
T-
D.1 Surface finish for Prime Coat application
180
1. If the work requires base course construction at some sections (based up on the
and
design), the base course placing will be first constructed for that specific
plas
section.
ticit
2. The supervisor is required to give approval on the surface finish before
y
proceeding with the spray of the prime coat. Any dust on the surface shall be
inde
cleaned
x.
3. The limits of spray area shall be clearly marked.
The
4. The surface must be cleaned against any pollutant foreign matter.
imp
5. The Tack Coat asphalt should be applied according to the construction
rove
requirement.
d
6. Spraying of bitumen should not be done during time of strong wind and rain.
sub
D.2 Asphalt Concrete runway surface
grad
(I) Preparation for construction
e
a. Crushed stone of desired sizes should be stocked separately and protected
mat
against wetting.
erial
b. Mix Proportioning design should be send to the supervisor for approval.
s
c. Clean the crushed rock base with broom and spray the penetration asphalt.
shal
d. All instrument and equipment should be checked before 3 days of start
l
working of paving the test section which will eventually be part of the
und
permanent work.
ergo
(II) Mixing of bitumen mixed material
spec
a. Every aggregate material should be stock piled and has to be mixed
ial
following the appropriate mix design.
treat
b. Heating of bitumen should be controlled to be within the specified range
men
of temperature from 150—1700C. Aggregate is from 160—1800C and
t.
mixed material should be heated from 140—1650C, if temperature is too
The
high when come out from plant, it should be discarded. Mixed material
over
reached to site should not be lower than 120—1500C. Above temperature
size
should be considered according to actual local condition.
mat
c. Mixed material from plant should be uniform.
erial
(III) Transportation of mixed material
s
a. Arrange transportation trucks according to the production quantity.
shal
b. Keep the Inside of the trucks clean and waterproof.
l be
c. Mixed material inside the vehicle, if it is lower than regulated temperature
disc
or watered by rain, should not be used.
arde
(IV) Paving of Asphalt mix (First layer)
d.
a. The paving machine should be checked to ensure good quality surface
Hea
finish. Stopping the machine or change speed should be avoided during
vy
paving.
roll
b. Check quality of mix during construction and take suitable adjustment.
ers
CRBC Addis Engineering PLC shal Tender Documents
l be
use
d
 com
pact
ion
duri
ng
themachine operator.
Check thickness and altitude so as to tell
c. Use manpower on places not reachablecon by machine.
(V) Rolling of mixed material stru
a. Make use of road roller, which weigh no ctio
less than 15 tons.
n
b. Initial rolling: Roll 1 or 2 times with roller machine, immediately
wor
following the paving machine, the temperature should not be less than
1100C. Secondary rolling: 4 to 6 times,ksthe temperature is controlled in 80-
to
1000C. Final rolling: 1-2 times, the temperature should not be lower than
800C. pro
c. Rolling should be done uniformly from duc lower side to higher side and
conform to the specification requirement.e
d. The rollers should be equipped with water mor Sprinkler so as to avoid sticking
of asphalt on the roller surface. e
(VI) Paving of asphalt mix (Second layer)fine
a) Tack Coat application mat
erial
1) The supervisor is required to give approval on the surface finish before
proceeding with the spray of the primes.coat. Any dust on the surface shall
be cleaned Re
movmarked.
2) The limits of spray area shall be clearly
3) The surface must be cleaned against al any pollutant foreign matter.
of
4) The Tack Coat asphalt should be applied according to the construction
requirement. exis
5) Spraying of bitumen should not be doneting during time of strong wind and
rain. road
b) Placing asphalt mix base
The steps indicated from IV to V shall beand followed.
pav
(VII) Inspection and Testing eme
nts
a. According to construction technical requirement, all kinds of tests have to
be carried out carefully. will
b. Check pavement thickness, level, widthbeand elevation during construction.
don
All tests results for materials should be reported to supervisor for approval.
e as
indi
cate
d in
the
spec
ifica
tion
.
The
surv
ey
inte
rval
of
the
sub
grad
e
cros
CRBC Addis Engineering PLC s Tender Documents
sect
ions
is
 erall
y
25m
,
whil
e
that
at
the
curv
ed
sect
ion
shal
l be
10-
Construction sequences of the Rehabilitation work
15m
.
Maintain and
check mixing plant Prepare bed surface

Adjust design Survey and layout

formula

Scarifying existing pavement

and cleaning

Prime Coat

Paving porous Asphalt concrete

material

Approval by
Engineer Compaction

Approval by Engineer
Design Binder &
wearing course
mixing formula
Curing

Pavement Marking

CRBC Addis Engineering PLC Tender Documents

 3.7 Construction Methodology For Retaining wall

Construction Methods includes, but not limited to, the following:

1. Construction Setting Out
Setting out survey control points according to the benchmark and traverse point.
2. Foundation Excavation
Foundation Excavation will be started following the design drawings. In rock section,
hydraulic rock drillers will be used up to the designed bottom level, and then the general
geologic situation of the bottom stratum will be checked together with the Engineer. The
next construction will be continued after the confirmation that bearing capacity of the
bottom can meet the design specification.
3. Drilling holes
The necessary equipment (drilling machine) for piling will be mobilized. During the
drilling, water truck shall be used for easy execution of the drilling. The slurry shall be
applied to avoid the hole from collapsing.
4. Reinforcing steel bars
After removing all the residuals found in the holes by using pressurized water and
conducting testing to check the cleaning to be done to acceptable level, the reinforcement
bar which is cut and prepared according to the design shall be placed in the holes.
5. Concrete Casting
The concrete will be casted by pouring through steel pipe. The steel pipe shall be inside
the concrete for 1m -3m depth to assure the homogeneity of the concrete with that which
shall be poured next. Slump test shall be conducted whenever is required and as per the
Engineer request. To avoid segregation and to assure getting good quality on the top, the
pile construction will be extended up to 1m above the ground and the protruded pile will
be chiseled and removed.
6. Testing
After the concrete cures, sonic test will be conducted to check whether the constructed
concrete is monolithic or not.
CRBC Addis Engineering PLC Tender Documents
 7. Casting pile cap
Before constructing the pile cap, the surface shall be leveled using gravel and compacted
very well to the satisfaction of the Engineer. Then setting out and fixing steel formwork
and reinforcement for the pile cap and the placing vertical reinforcement bar for the
retaining wall will be carried out. The concrete will then be constructed.
8. RC Retaining wall construction
After placing the horizontal reinforcement bar, the weep holes in the positions as per the
design and after fixing the steel formwork, the concrete will be constructed. The required
concrete test shall be conducted during the execution.

CRBC Addis Engineering PLC Tender Documents

 a) Construction Flow Chart for pile foundation work

Request for commencement

of work

Discuss methodology with the

Engineer

Set out foundation

Excavate to pile cap level

Concrete mixture
Wall protection Drill the hole to design level design
by slurry

Clean the hole and place the Approved by

Checking slurry engineer
density pile reinforcement

Mix in concrete
Cast the pile on situ plant

Chisel pile top to design level

Pile testing

Approval by engineer

Next construction

b) Construction Flow Chart for Casting-in-situ retaining wall

CRBC Addis Engineering PLC Tender Documents
 Request for commencement of
work

Set out the coordinate

Compact the sub-grade then

cast the lean concrete

erect the retaining wall footing

formwork & place Re-bar

Inspect and approved by Finalize concrete

engineer mix design

Footing Concrete casting Concrete mixing

and delivering

Concrete curing

erect the retaining wall body

formwork & place Re-bar

Footing Concrete casting

Concrete curing

Inspection & Acceptance

3.8 Construction Plan For Drainage Works and manholes

CRBC Addis Engineering PLC Tender Documents
 Construction of Foundation
1. Construction Setting Out
Set out the foundation in accordance with the bench mark and traverse point which has been
approved by the Resident Engineer.
2. Foundation Excavation
Excavation in rock section will be done using rock driller. The next construction will be continued
after the confirmation that bearing capacity of the bottom can meet the design specification.
3. Formwork for manholes
Formwork will be used and fixed up with 10cm x 10cm square steel to keep the formwork smooth
and rigid; the formwork will be erected after inspecting the bottom, be ensuring the geometrical
dimension, seal quality and firm timbering of the formwork.
4. Casting
Pour concrete after cleaning the formwork surface.

The quality for the concrete mixing shall be controlled by experienced technicians in accordance
with the Specification.
The casting and vibrating of the concrete shall be in accordance with the Specification.

A) Construction Sequence for Concrete Box Culvert Casting

Clear and inspect existing
culvert Survey and layout

Remove inlet and outlet

Excavate the trench
structure
CRBC Addis Engineering PLC Tender Documents
Deepen and widen the Compact the sub-grade
trench and cast the lean concrete
 Concrete mixture
design

Set out again then

installing the Approved by
reinforcement & engineer
formwork

Mix in batching
Cast the concrete on situ plant

Inlet and outlet structure

Backfill and compact in

layer
B) Construction Sequence for Concrete Pipe Culvert

Clear and inspect existing

culvert Survey and layout

Remove inlet and outlet

Excavate the trench
structure

Deepen and widen the Fill gravel Material Check

trench level and compact

Install pipe Cast in pre-cast

yard

Inlet and outlet structure

Backfill and compact in

layer

4. Safety measures
4.1 Team Set up
A full time safety officer will be assigned to guarantee safety of workers and equipment movement
during construction.
4.2 Safety details
CRBC Addis Engineering PLC Tender Documents
 As the safety of works is the key element during construction, each working staff shall be made to be
aware of safety measures. The details steps are as follow:
a. Build the capacity of the safety team with all necessary resource like movable signs, flags and
etc….
b. Arrange periodic meetings with the safety officer and his team to discuss and solve safety
problems on site.
c. Make sure that every staff and working crew understands the rules that are to be followed
regarding traffic management during construction. Trainings should also be arranged
whenever necessary especially for new comers.
d. The safety officer will day to day follow the safety condition; supervise the safety team and
timely action to mitigate any safety problem.
e. All construction plant and equipment must be checked, maintained and repaired to ensure that
they are in good condition.
f. Construction vehicles must run in limited speed to avoid traffic accident.
g. The equipment and power line must be installed following the user manuals and safe
installation rules with appropriate earthling wire. Defective electrical equipment must not be
used without repair.
5. Site arrangement

The offices and the plants will be arranged on the available area provided by the client within the
compound and the arrangement will be as the attached sketch.
The site arrangement and the location of the plant, stockpiling area, the sequence of the construction
is also attached.

6. Work program

Refer the attached work schedule.

CRBC Addis Engineering PLC Tender Documents