CHAPTER 5

HAndouts in Research 2 Prof. Lindy Saquibal fn: Chapter 4 BAckground of the Study
Essential Elements of the
Problem and Its Background
(Chapter 1)

HAndouts in Research 2 Prof. Lindy Saquibal fn: Chapter 4 BAckground of the Study
 1. INTRODUCTION
• Introduce the different elements of the first
chapter by giving a brief description of
each element so that the reader knows
what to expect from the chapter (Cristobal,
2017).

HAndouts in Research 2 Prof. Lindy Saquibal fn: Chapter 4 BAckground of the Study
The introduction is important in establishing the
cognitive setting of the research. It has the
following elements:

1. Rationalization of the need to research on

the problem
2. Clarification of the important terminologies for
the reader to easily understand whta the research
is all about.
3. Establishment of the degree of seriousness
of the problem which prompted the researcher to
look for solutions tests theories and hypothesis

HAndouts in Research 2 Prof. Lindy Saquibal fn: Chapter 4 BAckground of the Study
 The following questions can aid the
researcher in formulating the introduction :
1. What is the rationale of the
problem?

•This question is answered by

sharing the reasons why the
researcher decided to look for
solutions to the problem.
HAndouts in Research 2 Prof. Lindy Saquibal fn: Chapter 4 BAckground of the Study
• A rationale may include:
– the narration of personal experiences
– a description of an article read
– a scene witnessed or a news heard
– a theory that needs to be clarified.

The researcher should describe the existing

and prevailing problem based on his or her
experience. The scope may be local, national or
international. Ideally scope can start from a
global perspective to a more personal one.

HAndouts in Research 2 Prof. Lindy Saquibal fn: Chapter 4 BAckground of the Study
 The following questions can aid the
researcher in formulating the introduction :
2. What is the setting of the problem?
The setting forms part of the delimitation of
the study .
It defines the geographic boundaries and
certain demographic characteristics of the
research. This describes the place where the
research was conducted, since the setting
has a significant bearing on the variables
being studied.
HAndouts in Research 2 Prof. Lindy Saquibal fn: Chapter 4 BAckground of the Study
 The following questions can aid the
researcher in formulating the introduction :
3. What is the basic literature foundation
of the study?
- different from the review of related theories, related
literature and studies
- provides the researcher clarity on the terms or variables
used in the study.
- the terms should be clear to the researcher for easy
understanding of the reader.
- can assist you in determining the boundaries of the study.
- this part is derived from the different literature sources.
- use various references , a crucial part
HAndouts in Research 2 Prof. Lindy Saquibal fn: Chapter 4 BAckground of the Study
The following questions can aid the researcher
in formulating the Introduction :
• 4. How serious is the chosen research
problem?
• - the researcher is tasked to identify the
intensity or magnitude of the problem
• - then he gauge the kind of action to be
used to identify the problem.
• - looks for statistical or quantitative
evidence to assess the significance
of the problem at hand

HAndouts in Research 2 Prof. Lindy Saquibal fn: Chapter 4 BAckground of the Study
The following questions can aid the researcher
in formulating the introduction :

• 5. What is the general objective of t

he research?
• - this is the general statement of the probl
em or the major tasks of the researcher to
discharge and should also be a basis of th
e enumerated statements of specific pro
blems.

HAndouts in Research 2 Prof. Lindy Saquibal fn: Chapter 4 BAckground of the Study
The following questions can aid the researcher
in formulating the introduction :
• 6. What is the overall purpose of the
problem(research)
• - it is important to note that the researcher
must be totally aware of the purpose of the
research problem.
• - must fully understand the implications of
the resulting findings of the study.

HAndouts in Research 2 Prof. Lindy Saquibal fn: Chapter 4 BAckground of the Study
THANK YOU!

HAndouts in Research 2 Prof. Lindy Saquibal fn: Chapter 4 BAckground of the Study