A SEMINAR REPORT ON PAPER BATTERY

Submitted in partial fulfilment of requirements for the award of the

degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
By
THALLAPALLY MANISHA
(Regd. No: B20EE111)
Under the esteemed guidance of

Ms M.Shravya
Asst. Professor

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICALAND ELECTRONICS

ENGINEERING
KAKATIYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE
WARANGAL
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICSENGINEERING

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 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the seminar report entitled “ PAPER BATTERY” is
the work done by THALLAPALLY MANISHA bearing roll no.
B20EE111, under graduate student of Department of electrical and
electronic engineering, Kakatiya institute of technology and science,
Warangal in the partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of
degree in bachelor of technology under my supervision and guidance during
the academic year 2022-2023

Seminar Guide Seminar Coordinator

Ms M. Shravya Ms B. Reshma

Assistant professor Assistant Professor

Department of EEE Department of EEE

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 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION TO PAPER BATTERY

A carbon nanotube is merge with a typical sheet of cellulose-based

paper to create a flexible, ultra-thin energy storage and production device
known as a "paper battery." By adding two elements that are far in
conventional electronics, a paper battery functions as both a high-energy
battery and super capacitor. The battery it can provide electricity twain
continuously over an extended period of time and in short bursts thanks to
this combination. Future gadgets, medical equipment, and hybrid cars they
may be powered by non-toxic, flexible paper batteries, opening the door to
completely new designs and medical procedures.

For various uses, paper batteries can be folded, sliced, or otherwise

shaped without losing any integrity. halving a single reduces energy
generation in half. Power output is multiplied by stacking them. Early
versions of the device can generate 2.5 volts of power from a postage stamp-
sized sample.

The devices are created by fusing aligned carbon nanotubes, each

of which is only a millionth of a centimeter thick, with cellulose. The
batteries are black as of the carbon. When a paper comes into contact with
an ionic liquid the small filaments behave like the electrodes found in a
conventional battery and conduct electricity. ionic liquid isn’t contains
many water, so they won't freeze or evaporate even in the harshest of
climates. So betwixt -75-150 cellulose paper batteries are work.

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 CHAPTER -II
MANUFACTURING OF PAPER BATTERY

One manufacturing process it was created by researchers at MIT

and Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. It starts with growing the nanotubes on
a silicon substrate, followed by impregnating the matrix's gaps with
cellulose. After that matrix has dried, the substance can be peeled off of that
substrate, revealing the carbon nanotubes' electrode-ready end.

Two sheets are merge together with the cellulose sides facing
inward, creating an super capacitor that can be turned on by adding ionic
liquid. This fluid serves as an electrolyte and may contain solutions that are
high in salt such as human perspiration, blood, or urine. Paper batteries are
biocompatible and environmentally friendly due to their high cellulose
content (over 90%) and lack of hazardous chemicals, especially when
compared to the conventional lithium ion battery used in many modern
electronic products and computers.

Specialized paper batteries can be power a wide range of

implanted devices in humans and animals, including RFID tags, cosmetics,
drug-delivery systems, and pacemakers. A capacitor inserted in to organism
might be inserted completely dry and then gradually exposed to
physiological fluids to generate voltage over time. Paper batteries is also
biodegradable a requirement that can only partially provided by existing e-
cycling and other electronics disposal methods widely promoted by the
green computing

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 CHAPTER-III
HISTORY OF PAPER BATTERIES
The development of this one-of-a-kind nanocomposite paper
required knowledge in a materials science, energy storage, and chemistry.
The paper battery was created in August 2007 by a research team led by Drs.
Omkaram Nalamasu, professor of chemistry with a joint appointment in
materials science and engineering, Pulickel M. Ajayan, professor of
materials science and engineering, and Robert Linhardt, the Ann and John
H. Broadbent Senior Constellation Professor of Biocatalysis and Metabolic
Engineering at ressenler.

Victor Pushparaj, a senior research specialist, Shaijumon M.

Manikoth, Ashavani Kumar, and Saravanababu Murugesan, postdoctoral
research associates, served as the project's co-authors and principal
investigators. Lijie Ci a research associate, and Robert Vajtai Laboratory
Manager at the Rensselaer Nanotechnology Center, are also co-authors.

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 CHAPTER - IV
APPLICATIONS
Paper batteries must find uses in the following industries the technology
advances and CNT costs fall:

IN ELECTRONICS :

 In laptop batteries, mobile phones, and handheld digital cameras, the

weight of those devices can be greatly decreased by substituting alkaline
batteries with light-weight Paper Batteries, without sacrificing power.
Furthermore, the electrical hazards associate with charging it can be
considerably decreased.

 Calculators, watches, and other low-power devices.

 In wireless communication devices such as speakers, mice, keyboards,

Bluetooth headsets and so on.

 In an increased Printed Circuit Board (PCB) where both sides of the PCB
can be used: one for the circuit and the other for the components. Almost
all electronic circuits would no longer require large step-down
transformers or a separate power supply unit as a result of this.

IN MEDICAL:

 Artificial tissues, pacemakers for the heart, and medical sciences (using
Carbon nanotubes).
 In biosensors, such as glucose meters, sugar meters and drug delivery
systems, cosmetics and other products.
AUTOMOBILES:

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 Long air flights and hybrid car batteries is used in vehicles and aircraft.
decreasing Refueling for electronic equipment in the satellite program's
light-weight guided.

CHAPTER-V
USES OF PAPER BATTERY

 In a Enhanced Printed Circuit Board (PCB) where both sides of the

PCB can be used: one for the circuit and the other for the components.
Most electronic circuits would no longer required large step-down
transformers or a separate power supply unit as a result of this.

 A paper battery is a type of battery that uses a paper-thin sheet of

cellulose it has been charge with aligned carbon nanotubes. Nanotubes
serve as a electrode, allowing electricity to flow through the storage
devices.

 Functions as a lithium-ion battery and a super capacitor it has the

ability to produce both a quick burst of high energy similar to a
supercapacitor and a long, consonant output of power comparable to a
traditional battery.

 Integrates all of the battery components in a single structure, making it

more energy efficient.

 The sheets of paper battery have extreme flexibility they can be rolled,
twisted, folded, or cut into a variety of shapes with no loss of integrity
or efficiency or stacked like printer paper to increase total output.
Available in a number of sizes ranging from postage stamp to
broadsheet.

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  The battery's paper-like quality, combined with the structure of the
nanotubes embedded within, contributes to its light weight and low
cost, making it appealing for portable electronics, aircraft,
automobiles, and toys.

 Their ability to utilizes electrolytes in blood makes them potentially

helpful for medical devices such as pacemaker they do not contain
any hazardous ingredients and are biodegradable it is a key
disadvantage of chemical cells.

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 CHAPTER-VI
STRUCTURE OF PAPER BATTERY

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 CHAPTER-VII
CONSTRUCTION OF PAPER BATTERIES

1. A cathode and anode made of zinc and manganese dioxide are created
using proprietary links.

2. The batteries are printed into paper and other substrates using standard
silkscreen printing presses.

3. Power Paper batteries are used in the manufacturing and assembly of thin
electronic devices.

4. The device is black because the paper is infused with aligned carbon nano
tubes.

5. Tiny carbon filaments or nano tubes replace the anode in traditional

batteries.

6. The two components that conduct electricity use an ionic liquid solution.

7.It use cellulose or paper as a separator it is the third and most important
component of a battery.

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 CHAPTER-VIII
ADVANTAGES
1. Used as a battery and a capacitor.
2. It is adjustable.
3. It is an extremely thin energy storage device.
4. Lasts a long time.
5. It is non-toxic.
6. Steady power production.
7. Shaped for different applications.
8. High effectiveness.
9. Available in a variety of sizes.
10.Efficient in terms of energy.

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 CHAPTER-IX
DISADVANTAGES

1. Prone to tearing.

2. Nanotubes made from carbon is expensive due to use of a procedures

like electrolysis and laser ablation.

3. Should not be inhaled as they can damage lungs.

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 CHAPTER-X
CONCLUSION

A paper battery is a paper-like device composed of carbon

nanotubes and a normal sheet of cellulose-based paper that functions as a
flexible ultra-thin energy storage and energy production device. The
gadget runs with a suite of electrolytes based on biological fluids in
addition to aqueous and RTIL (Room Temperature Ionic liquids). It
suggests that the gadget could be beneficial as a dry-body implant or in
particular conditions.

A urine-activated battery was recently demonstrated for bio-

MEMS device applications as a precedent. Body sweat, which is
composed of water, Na, Cl, and K ions, is used as an electrolyte in the
RTIL-free nanocomposite (a drop of sweat placed on the film is sucked
into the porous cellulose) and provides good capacitive behaviour for the
device (specific capacitance of 12 F/g, operating voltage of 2.4V). Blood
(human whole blood in K2 EDTA from Innovative Research, Southfield,
MI) performed much better as an electrolyte, improving the
supercapacitor's capacitive behaviour and resulting in a specific
capacitance of 18 F/g. As this technology is improved it will be highly
valuable and may even save not just money but also lives.

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 CHAPTER XI
REFERENCES

1. www.google.com

2. www.wikipedia.com

3. www.studymafia.org

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