AIR POLLUTION DETECTOR A Design Project Presented to the Faculty of Computer Engineering Department College of Informatics and Computing Sciences BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY Batangas City FOSTER WHEELER LIBRARY In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering Esacez, Dan David B. Manalo, Rommel M. Serrano, Rosalyn Olive M. - MARCH 2015EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Keywords: Air Pollution Detector, carbon monoxide and methane gas sensors, Arduino Yun, web application With the growing amount of air pollution that poses danger to public. The Air Pollution Detector created. This is a user friendly device that monitors and provides adequate information about the level of indoor and outdoor air pollution The development of the environmental monitoring system aimed to detect the current level of pollutants, check the air quality relative to standards or limit values, compare the air quality data from different areas, determine the level of air pollutant, evaluate the exposure and assess the effects of air pollution on health or on vegetation and inform the public about the air quality in the area. In this study, the developers present a low-cost Air Pollution Detector developed using Arduino, Router, Wimax, Carbon Monoxide and Methane Gas sensor. The detector that has been developed is capable of collecting data from different locations simultaneously. It also has a website that can monitor the level of pollutants. The information about the level of pollutants was determined and the readings process was transmitted from the database of the Air Pollution Detector. The website provides both latitude and longitude of the certain places where the device is installed. The performance of the device can be demonstrated by comparing measurement results of the system and air quality measurement device.CHAPTER I PROJECT OVERVIEW Introduction Pollution is one of the worse problems that the society has to address. Air pollution in particular affects and threatens people and environment. It occurs when the air includes dust, fumes and gases. It is the accumulation of hazardous substances into the atmosphere called pollutants. Regularly, people inhale unpolluted air. Air pollution affects air’s condition and thregtens people's health. The manufacturing company and power plants especially here in Batangas pose a problem that is detrimental to people economically and physically. It cannot be denied that the pollution present in the environment brings diseases to human beings. This shows that pollution has been becoming increasingly worse that it needs to be addressed as soon as possible, not only for the good of the environment but also for the people. For these reasons, the developers came up with design and developed a device that can monitor the level of pollutants in the air. Design of the Project The Air Pollution Detector consists of sensors built inside a tube that detects air automatically and its quality, like particulate matter. The two sensors are connected to an Arduino board that serves as the main device in the detector. It is connected to a WiMax and Router for a faster and easy access to the internet.Another thing that is needed to perform the data communication from the detector to the computer is the Wi-Fi Module. The module transmitted data wirelessly to the server. The server received and calculates the level of air pollutants whether it is low, medium or high Statement of Requirements The developers aimed to design and create a programmatle Air Pollution Detector specified for monitoring the air quality in the selected area of interest. Atter the developers collected the data and information about the status of air pollution here in Batangas, they developed air pollution detector. The design included were Arduino Microcontroller board, the carbon monoxide and methane gas sensor. It also had developed a website where users could view the results. The materials available in local market were taken into consideration for the desired output of the device. Problem Statement The growth in the amount and complexity of air pollution associated with urbanization, industrial development, and the increasing use of motor vehicles, has resulted in mounting dangers to the public and environmental health and welfare. This shows that pollution has becoming increasingly worse that it needs to be addressed as soon as possible. To eradicate this pressing problem, the developers created a system that monitors the level of air pollutants into selected are of interestFunctional Objectives The overall goal of this project is to monitor the current level of pollutants using sensors such as carbon monoxide and methane gas sensor. The specific objectives of this work include the following: 1. To redesign and develop a detector which can monitor the level of pollutants. 2. To check the air quality relative to standards or limit values. 3. To compare the air quality data from different areas. 4. To collect the data of the level of pollutants. 5. To determine if the air is low, medium or high. Significance of the Project The Air Pollution Detector would greatly contribute to the users as it could provide them accurate level of toxicity in air. in this study, the developers would gain knowledge at higher extent about the importance of air and human health Itis very important to know the source, effects and solution of air pollution to make Batangas City a better place to live in. In addition, the consistent monitor of the level of air pollutants checks their effect on human health and climate change. Thus, the present developers offer the effective way of determining the level of pollutants through a sensor and monitoring through intemet website. This, detector will help the users determine the level of toxicity in the air.Definition of Terms For a better understanding of the project, the following terms are defined operationally in the design of the detection system Arduino Yun. It is a microcontroller board that can communicate with the Linux distribution onboard, offering a powerful networked computer with the ease of Arduino, The own shell and python scripts for robust interactions can be written. Router. It is a device that forwards data packets along networks. Through this, the user can access in the internet to get the data from the Arduino and ‘Sensor. Sensor. It is a converter that measures a physical quantity and converts it into a signal which can be read by an observer or by an instrument. In this study, the carbon monoxide and methane gas sensor were used in this device to measure and monitor the level of pollutants. WIMAX. It refers to interoperable implementations of the IEEE 802.16 family of wireless-networks standards ratified by the WiMAX Forum. The developers used the WiMax for a better connection the internet. Web Application. It is an application that is accessed by users over a network such as the Internet or an intranet. It is created in a browser-supported programming language, and relies on a web browser to render the application,CHAPTER III PROJECT DESIGN Project Analysis In order to start the project, developers should come up with a set of required specifications to complete the project. They must take into consideration all the materials to be used as well as the standards to follow. The researchers developed and designed a detector that detects and monitors the value of air pollutants through internet. Project Description The Air Pollution Detector is designed to monitor the value of air pollutants. With this device, the users can determine if the pollution is low, high or critical. The detector has a controller which contains an Arduino board for the execution of programs and two pollutant sensors - Carbon Monoxide and Methane gas. Through intemet website, users can check the data about the value of toxicity of air pollutants. Design The Air Pollution Detector is designed as displayed in Figure 4. The device consists of a curve tubes with the length of 24.5", height of 6” and width of 9.5". The two sensors were located inside the both end of the tube. The module where the microcontroller is located measures 5” length, 6" height and 2.5" width thas also a wire connecting the device and the module with 22” length,MQ7 sensor 24.5" MQ2 sensor 2 connecting wires Figure 4. The Design of Air Pollution Detector with Module 19Performance Optimization Air Pollution has been a major problem nowadays since the economic development in the country has been based on industrial activities. This prompts the researchers to use a device that will monitor the level of air pollutants in an accessible way. Through this device, the researchers can measure the value of air pollutants be it low, medium or high. The device also collects data through personal computer or cell phone connected to internet. Cost Estimation and Analysis The actual cost of the project may vary as the team might alter some aspects of the project. The team predicts that the actual cost would not change by more than 20% of the current estimation. Table 4 shows materials needed, the quantity of each item and the cost estimation of the project. Table 4 Materials Cost Estimation Materials Needed, Tauantity “Price “Total Price ‘Solar Panel Kit 1 Php. 2,500.00 |__ Php. 2,500.00 “Regulator — 1 Php. 950.00 Php. 950.00 Battery 1 Php. 750.00 Php. 750.00 ‘Arduino Yun. =A Php. 4,870.00 | Php. 4,870.00 Modem A Php. 1,000.00 | Php. 1,000.00 ‘Carbon Monoxide Sensor 1 Php. 650.00 Php. 650.00 ‘Methane Gas Sensor 2 Php 280.00 Php 60.00 Nitrogen Dioxide Sensor 1 Php. 850.00 Php. 850.00 1000 uF/25V Electrolytic 2 Php. 6.00 Php. 10.00 DC Jack i Php.6.50| Php. 6.50 Ln4001 diode _ 1 Php. 1.50, Php 1.50 Lm7805-regulator IC 4 Php. 12.00 Php 12.00 Arduino stadeable header-S pins 2 Php. 12.75 Php. 25.50) ‘Arduino stadeable header-8 pins 8 Php. 11.25 Php. 90.00 “BV lamp Php. 125.00 Php. 125.00 Female headers peb mount | Php. 30.00 | Php. 30.00 TOTAL: Php. 11,762.50 | Php. 11,857.50 a 20Project Management Plan First thing considered in doing this project was to come up in conceptuslization. Observations brainstorming and were conducted. The project was believed to be beneficial to people. The next step is to plan, which involved searching for inexpensive but quality meterials as gathered information from the internet and related studies in line with the study. The third is lay-outing and designing the project in which the developers think on how to make the project efficient and effective. Table 5 Project Management Plan — Timelines (2014-2018) Project Management and Responsibility Start date | End date Evaluation "Tet Week of | ard Week of | The researchers debated on what | Group Members January | January —_| possibie title they should work on, - ‘The researchers started creating their | 4th Week of | 2nd Week of | own documents and accomplished the | Group Members January | February —_| beginning chapter. 3rd Week of | 1st Week of | The researchers finalized their Group Members February | March document and prepared for he Title | & Adviser defense. - 2nd Week ef | 1st Week of | The researchers began purchasing | Group Members March November | and canvassing the materials needed forthe study. Fal Week of | Grd Week of | The researchers started doing their | Group Members November | January project and expected tofnish the | & Adviser . project by the third week of January. “ih Week of | 2nd Week of | The researchers performed tests to | Group Members January | February —_| ensure that the prototype they made | & Adviser was functional “3rd Week oF | 4ih Week of | The researchers started finalizing February | February _| their work and prepared for the final | Group Members presentation Table 5 shows the project management plan of the developers. The fourth is purchasing, in which the researchers do a canvassed locally availablematerials and components that was needed for the construction of the project. After purchasing is the construction of the project. After which, the project underwent some tests to make sure if the device operated according to the expected function. The project was well examined by the developers to ensure if it was effectively functioning. The last step was the final testing and finalizing the project. 22that the higher sensitivity might cause inaccurate readings of the exact level of toxicity in the air. Conclusions After completing the tests, the developers conclude the following: 1 It is possible to redesign the existing Air Pollution Detector. The materials in the system was effective as it meets the required output expected by the developers The data information gathered by the developers was checked the air quality standards and limits based on the previous researches. Using the readings from the different areas, the air quality was compared to the tested areas in Batangas City. The developers monitored the air pollutants in Batangas State University Main Campus | and Alangilan Campus, the readings of the carbon monoxide and methane gas are different. The server used in the project collects data from the tested area. The information about the level of pollutants was determined and the readings process was transmitted from the database of the Air Pollution Detector. Using the Arduino Yun and sensors, the quality of air were measured. 36Recommendation After testing the air pollution detector, the researchers offer some recommendations that will develop and improve the project. 1. Addition of other air pollution sensors to the system for more accurate results. 2. Employment of some devices related to the project like device measuring humidity and pressure. 3. Implement two detectors to monitor the level of air pollutants for comparison and accuracy of data 4. Improvement of the web application is also recommended. Additional features may be implemented to provide more detailed information about the effects of air in human health. The graphical user interface may possibly be enhanced to serve the aesthetic values of the project. 37Bibliography [1] Air Air [Online]. 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