FUNCTIONS

OF
ECOSYSTEM
SCI ENCE 7 MODULE 2.5
The learners can:
state the biotic and abiotic
components of ecosystem (A)
give the importance of preserving
the ecosystem (M)
wr it e an ar t icl e on how t o pr eser ve
t he ecosystem. (T)
 OVERVIEW
The different plants, the fishes,
the birds, the people, and the
other forms of life in the area
that interact with one another
comprise a biological
community. In this module, we
are going to tackle the
different components and
importance of ecosystem.
 ECOSYSTEM
An ecosystem is a geographic area where
plants, animals and other organisms, as
well as weather and landscape work
together to form a bubble of life.

It contain biotic or living parts as well as

abiotic factors or non-living parts.

• Biotic factors – include plants, animals

and other organisms
• Abiotic factors include rocks,
temperature and humidity
 CLIMATIC
FACTORS OF
ECOSYSTEM
AFFECT THE WEATHER
 01 LIGHT
Visible portionof solar
radiation
primary source of
energy
wavelength,intensity
andduration
02 TEMPERATURE
The degree of hotness or
coldness inagivenenvironment
usually measured in fahrenheit
(F),celsius (C)or Kelvin's (K).
Endothermic animals- stable
Ex othermic animals- unstable
03 Water
* Essential to life on
Earth, both in
external and internal
environment of the
organisms
03 Water
Hydrophytes- plants that grow
in water (emergent or submerged)

Mesophytes- plants that grow

in areas with moderate amount of
water

Xerophytes- plants that grow

in very dry environment or with
very limited supply of water.
04 WIND
air current
result of hot air rising
and cold air sinking
can affect plants and soil
05 EDAPHIC FACTORS
Structure and
composition of soil,
physical and cehemical
properties, together
with its humus content
and prsence of soil
organisms
 06
PHYSIOGRAPHIC
FACTORS
Physical nature of
the land surface or
its topography
(altitude and slopes)
and direction
Autotrophs- producers,
self sustaining organisms
that can manufacture own
food

Heterotrophs-
consumers, living things
that cannot make their
own food.

07 BIOTIC FACTORS
Herbivores- plant eaters,
primary consumers
Carnivores- flesh eaters,
secondary consumers
Omnivores- eat both plants
and animals
Decomposers- final
consumers
Ecological Niche- role of
organisms

07 BIOTIC FACTORS
Food Chain
series of eating and
being eaten. Shows
how each living things
obtains food and how
nutrients and energy
are passed from one
organism to another.
Food Web
interconnected food
chain
S Y M B I O T I C R E L A T ION S H IP S
Symbiosis
•The act of living together
•Interaction between two different
organisms living together temporarily or for
a longer time
•At least one of the organisms benefit from
the relationship
Symbiosis
HOST – usually the LARGER
of the two organisms

SYMBIONT – usually the

SMALLER member
Mutualism
Mutualism
Is a relationship between the host and a
symbiont, where both organisms benefit and
neither is harmed.
The relationship can be long or short term.
Commensalism
Parasitism
Amensalism
Is a relationship where one organism is inhibited or
killed while the other organism is unaffected
Predation
Is a relationship where one organism benefits and
the other one is harmed.

predator- benefits

prey-harmed
Competition
survival of one of the participating organisms
is lowered by the presence of another.
Coexistence
sharing of limited resources so as to reduce
actual fighting and excessive elimination

Character displacement- change in behavior in

species and resource specialization; difference
location as habitat
Resource Partitioning- splitting up of niches
between 2 competing species within biotic
community; hunting food in difference places
Miss Mary Ann A. Tolentino
Subject Teacher
Miss Mary Ann A. Tolentino
Subject Teacher