MYTHOLOGY AND FOLKLORE

GREEK GODS AND GODESSES

1. Hera
Hera is the queen of Olympians. She is the Goddess of marriage and child birth.
She also takes good care of married women. She is the daughter of the Greek
God and Goddess, Cronus and Rhea. Her siblings were Poseidon, Hades, Zeus,
Hestia, and Demeter. She is the wife of Zeus. She is a vengeful and spiteful
Goddess, and it is due to her husband’s cheating attitude.

2. Zeus
Zeus is the god of the sky in ancient Greek mythology. As the chief Greek deity,
Zeus is considered the ruler, protector, and father of all gods and humans. Zeus
is often depicted as an older man with a beard and is represented by symbols
such as the lightning bolt and the eagle.

3. Athena
She is the Goddess of wisdom, courage, and crafts. She is regarded as the
goddess of defensive wars. Daughter of Zeus and Metis. She became the
goddess of wisdom and regarded as the goddess of defensive wars. She
presented herself as pure, valiant, fair, and sapient goddess. And she became
the patron goddess of the city of Athens.

4. Demeter
Demeter is the daughter of Cronus and Rhea. Sister of Hades, Hestia, Hera,
Poseidon and Zeus. The goddess of agriculture.

5. Poseidon
Poseidon is the God of the Sea. He is the son of Cronus and Rhea. His siblings
are Hades, Zeus, Demeter, and Hestia. He is also the god of earthquakes, and
horses.
6. Artemis
Artemis is the Greek goddess of hunting, midwifery, chastity, of wild animals and
the goddess of the moon. She is the daughter of Zeus and Leto. She is the twin
sister of the God Apollo. She is immortal and powerful. She is highly skilled with
a bow and arrow and she could aim perfectly every time. She had the power to
heal those who were ill or otherwise suffering. And she could also bring on
plagues, disease or death.

7. Ares
Ares was the ancient Greek god of war or, more properly, the spirit of battle. He
represented the distasteful aspects of brutal warfare and slaughter. Ares was
never very popular, and his worship was not extensive in Greece.

8. Aphrodite
Aphrodite is the ancient Greek goddess of sexual love and beauty, identified with
Venus by the Romans. She was known primarily as a goddess of love and
fertility and occasionally presided over marriage. Her special powers were those
of love and desire. She had a belt that had the power to cause others to fall in
love with the wearer. Some of the other Greek goddesses, such as Hera, would
borrow the belt from time to time. Aphrodite had the ability to cause fighting
couples to fall in love again.

9. Hestia
Hestia is the goddess of fire, home, family and architecture. She is the daughter
of Cronus and Rhea. She was swallowed by her father and Zeus her brother
disgorge her and her other siblings. Gods Apollo and Poseidon sought her hand
in marriage but she refused them for she wants to be an eternal virgin.

10. Persephone
 The goddess Persephone is known for serving as Goddess of Spring, but she
also operated in a variety of other important roles in Greek mythology. She is the
daughter of Demeter whom Hades tricked and dragged to the underworld to
become his wife.

11. Eros
Eros, the Greek God of love and passion. He is known as a Greek god to have a
pair of wings and a bow as his weapon. Many immortal being feared him, for
once he struck them with his arrow they would fall madly in love with anything
according to his will. He is responsible for spreading love an desires throughout
this world using his bow and golden arrows.

12. Apollo
Apollo is one of the Olympian deities in classical Greek and Roman religion and
Greek and Roman mythology. The national divinity of the Greeks, Apollo has
been recognized as a god of archery, music and dance, truth and prophecy,
healing and diseases, the Sun and light, poetry, and more.

13. Hephaestus
Hephaestus is the god of fire, Hephaestus became the divine smith and patron of
craftsmen; the natural volcanic or gaseous fires already connected with him were
often considered to be his workshops. In art Hephaestus was generally
represented as a middle-aged bearded man, although occasionally a younger,
beardless type is found.

14. Hermes
Hermes is considered as the herald of the gods. Known as the protector of
human heralds, travellers, thieves, merchants, and orators. He can able to move
quickly and freely between the worlds of the mortal and the divine, aided by his
winged sandals. He is also the god of trading, wealth, luck, fertility, thieves, and
athletes. Greeks worshipped him because they regarded him as their patron.
 15. Dionysus
Dionysus is the god of the grape-harvest, winemaking, orchards and fruit,
vegetation, fertility, insanity, ritual madness, religious ecstasy, festivity, and
theatre in ancient Greek religion and myth. He had special powers of making
wine and causing vines to grow. He could also transform himself into animals
such as a bull or a lion. One of his special powers was the ability to drive mortals
insane.

16. Cronus
Cronus was the King of the Titanes and the god of time, in particular time when
viewed as a destructive, all-devouring force. He ruled the cosmos during the
Golden Age after castrating and deposing his father Uranus. In fear of a
prophecy that he would in turn be overthrown by his own son, Kronos swallowed
each of his children as they were born.

ROMAN GODS AND GODDESSES

1. Juno
Juno, in Roman religion, chief goddess and female counterpart of Jupiter, closely
resembling the Greek Hera, with whom she was identified.

2. Jupiter
Jupiter was a sky-god who Romans believed oversaw all aspects of life; he is
thought to have originated from the Greek god Zeus. Jupiter also concentrated
on protecting the Roman state. Military commanders would pay homage to
Jupiter at his temple after winning in battle. Juno was Jupiter's wife and sister.

3. Minerva
She is originally the goddess of war. By being associated with wisdom, she
became the patron of a number of institutions of learning and the arts. A
 patroness of many household crafts, such as spinning. Also the goddess of
philosophy, music, medicine, and law.

4. Ceres
In ancient Roman religion, Ceres was a goddess of agriculture, grain crops,
fertility and motherly relationships. She had the power to fertilize, multiply and
fructify plant and animal seed, and her laws and rites protected all activities of
the agricultural cycle.

5. Neptune
Neptune was the Roman god of waters and seas, who controlled winds and
storms. He was recognized as a god of horses and horsemanship, as well as
patron of horse racing, a popular form of entertainment for the ancient Romans.

6. Diana
Diana is the Roman goddess of the hunt, unspoiled nature and the animals that
inhabited it. She is the master of the bow and the greatest of all hunters. She
roam the wilderness seeking adventure and hunting game. She is a maiden for
all her days. She preserved her virginity despite the advances of potential lovers
and suitors. As a fertility deity, she was invoked by women to aid conception and
delivery.

7. Mars
Mars is the son of Jupiter and Juno, the king and queen of the Roman deities.
He is the God of war and God of Agriculture. He had a beautiful lover known as
Venus Goddess of love. He is the Father of Romulus and Remus, founders of
the city of Rome. He is considered as one of the important deities and dignified
God.

8. Venus
 Like her Greek counterpart Aphrodite, Venus was intimately associated with love
and beauty, yet other elements were distinctive to the Roman goddess.

9. Vesta
Vesta is the goddess of the hearth fire. She was the patron deity of bakers,
hence her connection with the ass.

10. Proserpina
Proserpina is the goddess of springtime she can manipulate and control plants.
She can turn anything (even living people) into flowers. She can also create
Travel Roses, they return you to the world above.

11. Cupid
Cupid, ancient Roman god of love in all its varieties, the counterpart of the Greek
god Eros and the equivalent of Amor in Latin poetry.

12. Vulcan
Vulcan is the Roman and Greek god of fire and the forge, and mythical inventor
of smithing and metal working. His Greek equivalent is Hephaestus. His forges
were under Mount Aetna on the island of Sicily.

13. Mercury
Mercury is the god of shopkeepers and merchants, travelers and transporters of
goods, and thieves and tricksters. He is commonly identified with the Greek
Hermes, the fleet-footed messenger of the gods.

14. Bachus
Bacchus was primarily known as the god of agriculture and wine, but was also
associated with fertility, drama, and revelry. In regards to agriculture, he was
depicted as a god of trees and forest, and was often sought ought to help the
orchards grow.
 15. Saturn
Saturn is the god of sowing or seed. The Romans equated him with the Greek
agricultural deity Cronus.

OTHER GODS AND GODDESSES

1. Odin
Odin is the god of war and of the dead. He rules over Valhalla – “the hall of the
slain”. All Vikings who died in battle belonged to him. They were collected by his
female handmaidens, the valkyries.

2. Frigg
Frigg is the Goddes of the sky the most prominent Goddess of Norse Mythology.
She was the wife of Odin, the king of the Aesirs. She has 3 handmaidens. She
has three children. Hermod the oldest and the twin Hodor and Balder. She was
patroness of domestic art, love, motherhood, household and marriage.

3. Thor
In Norse mythology, Thor is a hammer-wielding god associated with lightning,
thunder, storms, sacred groves and trees, strength, the protection of mankind,
hallowing, and fertility.

4. Loki
Loki is the offspring of Farbauti and Laufey. He is known as the most scandalous
god in Norse mythology. He is renowned as a trickster god, shapeshifter,
seducer of goddesses, and the father of beastly offspring. He is the one who
causes trouble during the apocalypse war in Norse mythology that leads the
battle against the giants and the Aesir. He is recognized as a god but not
regarded as a member of Aesir, a ruling deity in Norse mythology guy instead of
a juton or giant.
5. Heimdall
He was a Norse Deity of the Aesir tribe, a god of keen eyesight. From what little
evidence has survived, Heimdall appears to have been protector of the deities
and a guardian of the passages to the Nine Realms. For his Alleged role in
granting wisdom and social order, he was also regarded as a father and patron
to human beings.

6. Tyr
Tyr is one of the oldest gods of the Germanic people and a somewhat enigmatic
figure. He was apparently the god concerned with the formalities of war—
especially treaties—and also, appropriately, of justice.

7. Baldur/Balder
The god of beauty, light, purity, and joy. He was the surpreme god of Asgard. He
was the son of the chief god Odin and Frigg. He was loved by all. He spread
happiness wherever he go and uplifting the days of the gods especially those
who were with him in his journey at all times.

8. Hel
Hel is the norse goddess of the dead. She ruled in the realm of Helhiem. She is
the daughter of the mischief trickster fire god loki and the giantess Angrboda.
She is responsible to supply lodging to all the souls sent to her and to those
people who died of sickness in old age. Odin banished and imprison her
because of the great prophecy explaining that she will help bring destruction over
the nine realms during ragranok.

9. Freyr
Freyr is the Norse god of peace and prosperity. As a god who represented
prosperity and pleasure, he was a popular figure among those who didn’t fight.
By making the earth fertile, he blessed people with plenty of food and offspring
 rather than success in battle or material wealth. He was the son of Njord and
twin brother of the goddess Freya, making me one of the most prominent Vanir
gods. Like his father and sister, he was associated more with plenty and
positivity than the more war-like Aesir.

10. Freya
Freya is the goddess of love and fertility in Norse mythology, and she is
associated with sex, lust, beauty, sorcery, gold, war, and death.

11. Izanami
Izanami is the queen of yomi, divinity of death, mother goddess, goddess of
creation and death, the twin sister and ex wife of Izanagi. She is the second
generation primordial deity that personifies, creation, death, motherhood,
feminity and earth. She is the co-creator deity of the earth of the Shinto pantheon
and mother of many Japanese deities.

12. Izanagi
Izanagi, also known as "He Who Invites", is on of the central deities in the
Japanese creation myth. He is the husband pf Izanami. They were the eighth
pair of brother-and-sister gods to appear after heaven and earth separated out of
chaos. By standing on the floating bridge of heaven and stirring the primeval
ocean with a heavenly jeweled spear, they created the first landmass.

13. Yebisa/Ibiza
Ebisu is conceived as the first born child of Izanagi and Izanami after they
performed a wrong marriage rituals. His siblings are Kagutsuchi, susanoo,
Tsukuyumi, Fujin, Raijin and Amaterasu. He is the patron of fishermen and
tradesmen who is depicted as a fat, bearded, smiling fishermen who carries a
rod and a sea beam that symbolizes a good luck. He is a God of luck, wealth,
prosperity and bring abundance.
14. Kagutsuchi
Kagutsachi is the God of fire or spirit, he is the last child of Izanagi and Izanami.

15. Amaterasu
Amaterasu is the source of warm and light goddess of sun. He was born from the
left eye of my father Izagani, the creator of earth. She is one of the three siblings
who were born from the water that Izagani used to wash his body with after
climbing out of the underworld.

16. Tsukiyomi
The proud and powerful moon god in Japanese Mythology. He is one of the
three noble children of creator, Izanagi. He was born from Izanagi, Tsukuyomi
came from his right. He was born as part of a cleansing ritual after his father
visited Yomi, the Japanese Land of the Dead.

17. Pangu
Pangu is a primordial being and creation figure in Chinese mythology who
separated heaven and earth and became geographic features such as
mountains and rivers.

18. Yuhuang Shandi/Jade Emperor

19. Wang Niangniang
Wangmu Niangniang is the supreme goddess in the heaven, and the wife of
Yuhuang Dadi (the Jade Emperor). In the famous Taoist fanes, she is described
as a beautiful lady of about thirty. In many later Chinese ancient works, she
became the queen of the heaven, the goddess in charge of the happiness and
the longevity of human beings. She is said to have elixir that can make people
live forever and never grow old.

20. Vishnu
 Vishnu is one of the three Hindu trinity gods in Hindu Dharma. Ang I am the
preserver God. The God who restores the balance good and evil. The supreme
God within Vaishnavism and sustainer of the Universe. He is also the God of
preservation, reality, karma, divinity, super beauty, love, loveliness, destroyer of
unrighteousness, protector of religion, godliness, restoration, and Moksha.

21. Shiva
Shiva is often called as the destroyer. He is also known as the untouchable.
Regarded as the patron god of yoga, meditation and the arts. He have three
eyes that has the power to destroy anything.

22. Brahma
Brahma is a supreme, universal spirit that is eternal and unchanging. Hindu holy
books refer to Brahman as being present throughout the entire universe and
Hindus believe that all living beings carry a part of Brahman within them. Brahma
is traditionally depicted with four faces and four arms. Each face of his points to a
cardinal direction. His hands hold no weapons, rather symbols of knowledge and
creation.

23. Idianale
Idianale is the goddess of labor and good deeds. She is also known as the
female deity of animal husbandry and the male deity of agriculture. People used
to call for her name for guidance in order to make their work successful. She is
one of the servants of Bathala who lives in the sky.

24. Bathala
Bathala Maykapal is the transcendent Supreme Being, the originator and ruler of
the universe. He the highest-ranking god of the ancient Tagalog. He is the
creator of all things — the sea, the sky, the earth, and all the plants. He dwelt in
the highest realm of the sky.
25. Dumangan
Dumangan is the reason for a good harvest of rice. He is the husband of
Idianale, and both live in the sky.

26. Anitun Tabo

Anitun Tabu is the goddess of wind and rain. Often known to be fickle-minded
and arrogant. Ancient Tagalogs often blame her for the occurrence of ambon
and before the colonial period, it was even said that it was lucky to get married
while raining, because Anitun Tabu is happy.

27. Dian Masalanta

Diyan/Dian Masalanta is the goddess of love, childbirth, peace, and the protector
of lovers among the ancient Tagalogs. She is a third generation goddess and the
youngest of all deities; daughter of Dumakulem, guardian of mountains and
Anagolay, the goddess of lost things and sister of Apolaki, the god of war. She
was considered the kindest, the most beautiful, the most loving of all Goddesses.

28. Mayari
Mayari is the Goddess of Combat, War, Revolution, Hunt, Weaponry, Beauty,
Strength, Moon and Night. In other Philippine traditions, she is also the almighty
ruler over life and death. She is the most beautiful and most charming lunar deity
who was the daughter of Bathala. She is also the symbol of inner strength and
compassion that has now become synonymous with the Filipino woman.

29. Mangagaway
Manggagaway is the Tagalog goddess of sickness. She is said to disguise
herself as a healer, roaming the countryside not to heal but to induce maladies
with her charms. Her followers were witches or medicine women, who is also
called manggagaway. They have the ability to cure or induce sickness using their
earth-wisdom for herbal healing or poisoning.