Module 1 : Classical Thermodynamics

Lecture 1 : Review of Thermodynamics

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Exceptions:

Table : 1.2 Symbols for Exceptional Properties

Parameter Property Traditional symbol

Temperature Intensive property T

Mass Extensive property m

Number of moles Extensive property n

Specific extensive properties, i.e., extensive properties per unit mass are intensive properties. For
example: specific volume, specific energy, density, etc.
It may be worth mentioning here that cyclic integral of the differential of any thermodynamic
property must be zero. For example,

However, change in volume between state points 1 and 2 is

Path and process

An operation in which one or more of the properties of a system changes is called a change of
state. The sucession of states passed through during a change of state is called the path of the
change of state.

The path of thermodynamic states that a system passes through as it goes from an initial state to a
final state is known as the thermodynamic process.

Different thermodynamic processes are given in Table 1.3

Table : 1.3 Different Thermodynamic Processes

Sl No Name of the process Parameter Held Remarks

Constant
1 Constant pressure(Isobaric) p = constant v = (mR/P)T
(../animation/cp.swf) (../animation/constant
pressure.swf)
2 Constant volume(isochoric) process V = constant p = (mR/V)T
(../animation/adv ther.swf) (../animation/constant
volume.swf)
 3 Constant temperature (isothermal) T = constant pV = constant
process (../animation/isothermal.swf)
4 Polytropic process n pVn = constant
(../animation/polythropic.swf)
5 Adiabatic process no heat flow across the pvγ = constant
(../animation/adiabatic.swf) systemboundary
6 Isoenthapic process h = constant h = constant
(../images/isenthalpic state of a
gas.jpg)

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