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RD Sharma Class 8 Maths Chapter 26 Data Handling IV Probability
RD Sharma Class 8 Maths Chapter 26 Data Handling IV Probability
RD Sharma Class 8 Maths Chapter 26 Data Handling IV Probability
IV (Probability)
(ii) a doublet
Total number of outcomes in the above table are 36
Number of outcomes as doublet are: (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (5, 5) and (6, 6)
Number of outcomes as doublet are 6
Probability of getting numbers of outcomes as doublet is = Total numbers/Total number
of outcomes
= 6/36
= 1/6
∴ Probability of getting numbers of outcomes as doublet is 1/6
Probability of outcomes not having 9 nor 11 as the sum of the numbers on the faces is
RD Sharma Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter 26 – Data Handling –
IV (Probability)
= 11/36
∴ Probability of getting outcomes for at least once is 11/36
(iv) No tails
Possible outcome of tossing three coins are: HTT, HHT, HHH, HTH, TTT, TTH, THT,
THH
Number of outcomes of no tails are: 1
Probability of getting no tails is = Total numbers/Total number of outcomes
= 1/8
∴ Probability of getting no tails is 1/8
5. A card is drawn at random from a pack of 52 cards. Find the probability that the
card drawn is:
(i) a black king
(ii) either a black card or a king
(iii) black and a king
(iv) a jack, queen or a king
(v) neither a heart nor a king
(vi) spade or an ace
(vii) neither an ace nor a king
(viii) neither a red card nor a queen
(ix) other than an ace
(x) a ten
(xi) a spade
(xii) a black card
(xiii) the seven of clubs
(xiv) jack
(xv) the ace of spades
(xvi) a queen
(xvii) a heart
(xviii) a red card
Solution:
RD Sharma Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter 26 – Data Handling –
IV (Probability)
(x) A ten
Total numbers of cards are 52
Total number of ten cards = 4
Probability of getting ten cards is = Total number of ten cards/Total number of cards
= 4/52
= 1/13
RD Sharma Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter 26 – Data Handling –
IV (Probability)
(xi) A spade
Total numbers of cards are 52
Total number of spade cards = 13
Probability of getting spade is = Total number of spade cards/Total number of cards
= 13/52
= 1/4
∴ Probability of getting a spade is 1/4
(xiv) Jack
Total numbers of cards are 52
Total number of jack cards = 4
Probability of getting jack cards is = Total number of jack cards/ Total numbers of cards
= 4/52
= 1/13
∴ Probability of the jack card is 1/13
(xvi) A queen
Total numbers of cards are 52
Total number of queen cards = 4
Probability of getting queen cards is = Total number of queen cards/Total numbers of
cards
= 4/52
= 1/13
∴ Probability of a queen card is 1/13
(xvii) A heart
Total numbers of cards are 52
Total number of heart cards = 13
Probability of getting queen cards is = Total number of heart cards/Total numbers of
cards
= 13/52
= 1/4
∴ Probability of a heart card is 1/4
6. An urn contains 10 red and 8 white balls. One ball is drawn at random. Find the
probability that the ball drawn is white.
Solution:
Total number of red balls = 10
Total number of red white balls = 8
Total number of balls = 10 + 8 = 18
Probability of getting a white ball is = Total number of white balls/Total numbers of balls
RD Sharma Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter 26 – Data Handling –
IV (Probability)
= 8/18
= 4/9
∴ Probability of a white ball is 4/9
7. A bag contains 3 red balls, 5 black balls and 4 white balls. A ball is drawn at
random from the bag. What is the probability that the ball drawn is :
(i) White?
(ii) red?
(iii) black?
(iv) not red?
Solution:
(i) White?
Total numbers of red balls = 3
Number of black balls = 5
Number of white balls = 4
Total number of balls = 3 + 5 + 4 = 12
Probability of getting a white ball is = Total number of white balls/Total numbers of balls
= 4/12
= 1/3
∴ Probability of a white ball is 1/3
(ii) red?
Total numbers of red balls = 3
Number of black balls = 5
Number of white balls = 4
Total number of balls = 3 + 5 + 4 = 12
Probability of getting a red ball is = Total number of red balls/Total numbers of balls
= 3/12
= 1/4
∴ Probability of a red ball is 1/4
(iii) black?
Total numbers of red balls = 3
Number of black balls = 5
Number of white balls = 4
Total number of balls = 3 + 5 + 4 = 12
Probability of getting a black ball is = Total number of black balls/Total numbers of balls
= 5/12
∴ Probability of a black ball is 5/12
RD Sharma Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter 26 – Data Handling –
IV (Probability)
9. A bag contains 6 red, 8 black and 4 white balls. A ball is drawn at random. What
is the probability that ball drawn is not black?
Solution:
Total numbers of red balls = 6
Number of black balls = 8
Number of white balls = 4
Total number of non-red balls = 6 + 8 + 4 = 18
Number of non-black balls are = 6 + 4 = 10
Probability of getting a non-black ball is = Total number of non-black balls/Total number
of balls
= 10/18
= 5/9
∴ Probability of getting a non-black ball is 5/9
10. A bag contains 5 white and 7 red balls. One ball is drawn at random. What is the
probability that ball drawn is white?
Solution:
RD Sharma Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter 26 – Data Handling –
IV (Probability)
11. A bag contains 4 red, 5 black and 6 white balls. One ball is drawn from the bag
at random. Find the probability that the ball drawn is:
(i) white
(ii) red
(iii) not black
(iv) red or white
Solution:
(i) White
Total numbers of red balls = 4
Number of black balls = 5
Number of white balls = 6
Total number of balls = 4 + 5 + 6 = 15
Probability of getting a white ball is = Total number of white balls/Total number of balls
= 6/15
= 2/5
∴ Probability of getting a white ball is 2/5
(ii) Red
Total numbers of red balls = 4
Number of black balls = 5
Number of white balls = 6
Total number of balls = 4 + 5 + 6 = 15
Probability of getting a red ball is = Total number of red balls/Total number of balls
= 4/15
∴ Probability of getting a white ball is 4/15
12. A bag contains 3 red balls and 5 black balls. A ball is drawn at random from the
bag. What is the probability that the ball drawn is:
(i) red
(ii) black
Solution:
(i) Red
Total numbers of red balls = 3
Number of black balls = 5
Total number of balls = 3 + 5 = 8
Probability of getting a red ball is = Total number of red balls/Total number of balls
= 3/8
∴ Probability of getting a red ball is 3/8
(ii) Black
Total numbers of red balls = 3
Number of black balls = 5
Total number of balls = 3 + 5 = 8
Probability of getting a black ball is = Total number of black balls/Total number of balls
= 5/8
∴ Probability of getting a black ball is 5/8
RD Sharma Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter 26 – Data Handling –
IV (Probability)
13. A bag contains 5 red marbles, 8 white marbles, 4 green marbles. What is the
probability that if one marble is taken out of the bag at random, it will be
(i) red
(ii) white
(iii) not green
Solution:
(i) Red
Total numbers of red marbles = 5
Number of white marbles = 8
Number of green marbles = 4
Total number of marbles = 5 + 8 + 4 = 17
Probability of getting a red marble is = Total number of red marbles/Total number of
marbles
= 5/17
∴ Probability of getting a red marble is 5/17
(ii) White
Total numbers of red marbles = 5
Number of white marbles = 8
Number of green marbles = 4
Total number of marbles = 5 + 8 + 4 = 17
Probability of getting a white marble is = Total number of white marbles/Total number of
marbles
= 8/17
∴ Probability of getting a white marble is 8/17
14. If you put 21 consonants and 5 vowels in a bag. What would carry greater
probability? Getting a consonant or a vowel? Find each probability?
Solution:
Total numbers of consonants = 21
Number of white vowels = 5
Total number of alphabets = 21 + 5 = 26
Probability of getting a consonant is = Total number of consonants/Total number of
alphabets
= 21/26
15. If we have 15 boys and 5 girls in a class which carries a higher probability?
Getting a copy belonging to a boy or a girl. Can you give it a value?
Solution:
Total numbers of boys in a class = 15
Number of girls in a class = 5
Total number of students = 15 + 5 = 20
Probability of getting a copy of a boy is = Total number of boys/Total number of students
= 15/20
= 3/4
16. It you have a collection of 6 pairs of white socks and 3 pairs of black socks. What
is the probability that a pair you pick without looking is (i) white? (ii) black?
Solution:
Total numbers of white socks = 6 pairs
Total numbers of black socks = 3 pairs
Total number pairs of socks = 6 + 3 = 9
(i) Probability of getting a white sock is = Total number of white socks/Total number of
socks
= 6/9
= 2/3
RD Sharma Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter 26 – Data Handling –
IV (Probability)
(ii) Probability of getting a black sock is = Total number of black socks/Total number of
socks
= 3/9
= 1/3
∴ The probability of black socks is 1/3.
17. If you have a spinning wheel with 3-green sectors, 1-blue sector and 1-red sector.
What is the probability of getting a green sector? Is it the maximum?
Solution:
Total numbers of green sectors = 3
Total numbers of blue sector = 1
Total numbers of red sector = 1
Total number of sectors = 3 + 1 + 1 = 5
Probability of getting a green sector is = Total number of green sectors/Total number of
sectors
= 3/5
Outcomes for the event that the total is odd are: (2, 1), (4, 1), (6, 1), (1, 2), (3, 2), (5, 2),
(2, 3), (4, 3), (6, 3), (1, 4), (3, 4), (5, 4), (2, 5), (4, 5), (6, 5), (1, 6), (3, 6), (5, 6)
(iii) List the outcomes for the event that total is less than 5.
Total numbers of outcomes from two dice are 36
Total number of outcomes of the events that total is less than 5 are: (1, 1), (2, 1), (3, 1),
(1, 2), (2, 2) and (1, 3)