ASIAN DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION COLLEGE, INC

Tacloban City

Dropout Reduction Program: Effects of Modular Instruction on the Attendance of

SARDOs

In Partial Fulfillment for the Requirements in Methods of Research under Dr.

Ofelia Alcober

Hedda P. Almenario
Charlene Binasahan
Joyce L. Gaytos
Regie Labajo
Rosalina D. Musca
Jeneth D. San Buenaventura
Mary Rose C. Selso
Alona A. Serrano
Juliet Terceno
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Students
 RESEARCH METHODOLGY

Research Design

This research made use of a true experimental design involving a control and an
experimental group. To test whether or not the treatment has an effect, the Pretest-Posttest
Control Group Design will be utilized.

Sampling

The research subjects will be composed of two seventh grade sections containing twenty
(20) students each. The said sections have forty-three (43) and forty-five (45) students each.
However, only twenty (20) students will be given the pretest and posttest because this will be the
only number present when the former will be conducted. They will be assigned to the control and
experimental groups: Grade 7-A will be assigned the former, and Grade 7-B will be the latter.
The said sections will be chosen because they have matching students in terms of subject grades,
age, gender, and socio-economic status.

Data Gathering

A formal communication to the Schools Division Superintendent will be secured

requesting permission to conduct the experimental study on the target school.

The said communication will be then be surrendered to the school principal of the TNHS
and the researcher will negotiate with co-teachers, along with the principal, on section selection
and reassignment. However, this will be just for formality because sectioning in the senior high
school is done heterogeneously. Once everything will be settled, the pretest will be given. After
the pretest, the experiment proceeded where the group will be exposed to the treatment (exposed
to the dropout reduction program for the experimental group, exposed with conventional strategy
for the Control Group) for a period of four weeks.

After one (1) month, the posttest will be conducted.

Ethical Issues
 The researcher recognizes the formality of this paper; thus, all sources will be properly
referenced and recognized using APA citation style. Furthermore, necessary correspondences
will be sent to appropriate authorities including the Schools Division Superintendent, concerned
Education Supervisors, Principals, Department Heads, and subject teachers. Students who
participated in the study did so on a voluntary basis and will be not be promised rewards of any
kind. Once the experimental data will be processed and analyzed using the prescribed tools and
treatments, the researcher shared the results to the immediate community and the Department of
Education authorities. Finally, the results of the study will be used for the constructive
development of the instructional quality, particularly with writing classes, and they will not be
used as basis of evaluation of the students and teachers involved.

Plan for Data Analysis

The Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design will be used for this study. This experiment
used two comparable groups that will be both given the pretest and posttest which will be in the
form of a 50-item written test. The test is a standardized school-based achievement test which
voids the need for piloting and validation.

In measuring the achievement level of the groups, the following formula for the mean
will be used:

Where

∑x = summation of scores

x = mean

n = no. of scores

The results of the pretest and the posttest in the written test will be determined by
computing the mean and the standard deviation. The computed means will be interpreted using
the following scale:

Mean Description

41-50 = Proficient

31-40 = Very Satisfactory

 21-30 = Satisfactory

11-20 = Fairly Satisfactory

01-10 = Poor

Two statistical treatments will be used:

1. T-Test for Correlated Samples. This is to test significant differences within the
groups.
The formula to be used is given below:

Where
∑D = means the summation of the differences of scores of
paired individuals
N = number of paired scores
D = difference of scores of paired individuals
2. T-Test for Uncorrelated Samples. This is to test significant differences between the
Control and Experimental groups.
The formula used is given below:
t = X1 – X2
S2 p [1/N1 + 1/N2]
Where:
S2p = (n1 – 1) S12 + (n – 1) S22
n1 + n2 – 2

x1, x2 = mean scores of control and experimental groups

n1, n2 = sample size of control and experimental groups
s21, s22 = sample variance of control and experimental
groups