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Short Circuit Current Calculation (Base KVA Method)
Short Circuit Current Calculation (Base KVA Method)
Example:
Calculate Fault current at each stage of following Electrical System SLD having details of.
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5/27/2020 Short Circuit Current Calculation (Base KVA Method) | Electrical Notes & Articles
Calculation:
HT Cable used from HT incoming to HT Circuit Breaker is 5 Runs , 50 Meter ,6.6KV 3 Core
400 sq.mm Aluminum Cable , Resistance of Cable 0.1230 Ω/Km and Reactance of Cable
is0.0990 Ω/Km.
Total Cable Resistance(R)= (Length of Cable X Resistance of Cable) / No of Cable.
Total Cable Resistance=(0.05X0.1230) / 5
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HT Cable used from HT Circuit Breaker to Transformer is 3 Runs , 400 Meter ,6.6KV 3 Core
400 sq.mm Aluminium Cable , Resistance of Cable 0.1230 Ω/Km and Reactance of Cable
is0.0990 Ω/Km.
Total Cable Resistance(R)= (Length of Cable X Resistance of Cable) / No of Cable.
Total Cable Resistance=(0.4X0.1230) / 3
Total Cable Resistance=0.01364 Ω
Total Cable Reactance(X)= (Length of Cable X Reactance of Cable) / No of Cable.
Total Cable Reactance=(0.4X0.0990) / 5
Total Cable Reactance =0.01320 Ω
Total Cable Impedance (Zc2)=√(RXR)+(XxX)
Total Cable Impedance (Zc2)=0.01898 Ω——–(4)
U Impedance at Primary side of Transformer (Z Pu)= (Zc2 X Base KVA) / (Base KV x Base
KVx1000)
U Impedance at Primary side of Transformer (Z Pu)= (0.01898X6) /(6.6×6.6×1000)
U Impedance at Primary side of Transformer (Z Pu)= 0.0026145 PU——(5)
Total Impedance(Z Pu)=(4) + (5)
Total Impedance(Z Pu)=0.01898+0.0026145
Total Impedance(Z Pu)=0.00261——(6)
Total Impedance up to Primary side of Transformer (Z Pu-b)= (Z Pu)+(Z Pu-a) =(6)+(3)
Total Impedance up to Primary side of Transformer (Z Pu-b)= 0.00261+0.0181
Total Impedance up to Primary side of Transformer (Z Pu-b)=0.02070 Ω.—–(7)
Fault MVA at Primary side of Transformer = Base MVA / Z Pu-b.
Fault MVA at Primary side of Transformer = 6 / 0.02070
Fault MVA at Primary side of Transformer = 290 MVA
Fault Current = Fault MVA / Base KV
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5/27/2020 Short Circuit Current Calculation (Base KVA Method) | Electrical Notes & Articles
LT Cable used from Transformer Secondary to Main LT Panel is 13 Runs , 12 Meter , 1KV,
3.5C x 400 Sq.mm Aluminium Cable , Resistance of Cable 0.1230 Ω/Km and Reactance of
Cable is0.0618 Ω/Km.
Total Cable Resistance(R)= (Length of Cable X Resistance of Cable) / No of Cable.
Total Cable Resistance=(0.012X0.1230) / 13
Total Cable Resistance=0.00009 Ω
Total Cable Reactance(X)= (Length of Cable X Reactance of Cable) / No of Cable.
Total Cable Reactance=(0.012X0.0618) / 13
Total Cable Reactance =0.00006 Ω
Total Cable Impedance (Zc3)=√(RXR)+(XxX)
Total Cable Impedance (Zc3)=0.00011 Ω——–(10)
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U Impedance at Main LT Panel (Z Pu)= (Zc3 X Base KVA) / (Base KV x Base KVx1000)
U Impedance at Main LT Panel (Z Pu)= (0.00011X2.5×1000)/(0.415×0.415X1000)
P P.U Impedance at Main LT Panel (Z Pu)= 001601 Ω ——(11)
Total Impedance up to Main LT Panel (Z Pu-d)= (Zc3)+ (Z Pu-c) =(11)+(9)
Total Impedance up to Main LT Panel (Z Pu-d)= 0.001601 +0.0807
Total Impedance up to Main LT Panel (Z Pu-d)=0.082306 Ω.——(12)
Fault MVA at Main LT Panel = Base MVA / Z Pu-a.
Fault MVA at Main LT Panel = 2.5 / 0.082306
Fault MVA at Main LT Panel = 30 MVA
Fault Current = Fault MVA / Base KV
Fault Current = 30 / (1.732X0.415)
Fault Current at Main Lt Panel = 42 KA
LT Cable used from Main LT Panel to Sub Panel is 2 Runs , 160 Meter , 1KV, 3.5C x 400
Sq.mm Aluminium Cable , Resistance of Cable 0.1230 Ω/Km and Reactance of Cable is0.0618
Ω/Km.
Total Cable Resistance(R)= (Length of Cable X Resistance of Cable) / No of Cable.
Total Cable Resistance=(0.160X0.1230) / 2
Total Cable Resistance=0.008184 Ω
Total Cable Reactance(X)= (Length of Cable X Reactance of Cable) / No of Cable.
Total Cable Reactance=(0.160X0.0618) / 2
Total Cable Reactance =0.004944 Ω
Total Cable Impedance (Zc4)=√(RXR)+(XxX)
Total Cable Impedance (Zc4)=0.0095614 Ω——–(13)
U Impedance at Sub Panel (Z Pu)= (Zc4 X Base KVA) / (Base KV x Base KVx1000)
U Impedance at Sub Panel (Z Pu)= (0.0095614 X2.5×1000)/(0.415×0.415X1000)
P P.U Impedance at Sub Panel (Z Pu)= 13879 Ω ——(14)
Total Impedance up to Sub Panel (Z Pu-e)= (Zc4)+ (Z Pu-d) =(14)+(12)
Total Impedance up to Sub Panel (Z Pu-e)= 0.13879 +0.082306
Total Impedance up to Sub Panel (Z Pu-e)=0.2211 Ω.——(15)
Fault MVA at Sub Panel = Base MVA / Z Pu-a.
Fault MVA at Sub Panel = 2.5 / 0.2211
Fault MVA at Sub Panel = 11 MVA
Fault Current = Fault MVA / Base KV
Fault Current = 11 / (1.732X0.415)
Fault Current at Sub Panel = 16 KA
LT Cable used from Sub Panel to Motor Control Panel is 6 Runs , 150 Meter , 1KV, 3.5C x 400
Sq.mm Aluminium Cable , Resistance of Cable 0.1230 Ω/Km and Reactance of Cable is0.0739
Ω/Km.
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5/27/2020 Short Circuit Current Calculation (Base KVA Method) | Electrical Notes & Articles
Summary of Calculation:
4 At Main LT Panel 30 42
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5/27/2020 Short Circuit Current Calculation (Base KVA Method) | Electrical Notes & Articles
d says:
September 9, 2014 at 5:02 pm
really useful notes
Reply
Patanjali says:
February 25, 2018 at 12:38 pm
Thank you sir
Reply
BASKAR. C says:
September 10, 2014 at 2:12 am
Good Morning,
Keep going…
Reply
palani says:
September 10, 2014 at 4:06 am
Hello sir, Good morning. I have one doubt for fault current calculation. Please explain me
what are the methods are available for caculate the fault current? Thsnks, palani from
kolhapur india.
Reply
Yaqdhan Merzah says:
September 10, 2014 at 5:22 am
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Dear Parmer,
Kindly i would like to inform you there is a mistake in the calculation in the first one (1)
Fault Level from HT incoming Line to HT Circuit Breaker which is hapened when you
calculating the Resistance ( 0.05*0.1230)/5=0.00123 and this cause change in the total
impedance and so on
thanks for your great effort.
wish u all the best
Reply
vasant Joshi says:
September 11, 2014 at 4:22 am
Dear Jignesh.Parmar thank you very much for sharing Nice article on Fault level
calculations. Regards V V Joshi
Reply
uday kuamr says:
September 11, 2014 at 11:48 am
Hello sir,
For a typical industrial power distribution system, which predominantly have induction
motors, do we need to consider the motor contribution to the short circuit curents ? if yes
then how do we do it ?
Regards,
Uday Kuamr
Reply
shantan mishra says:
September 17, 2014 at 2:15 am
Dear Jignesh.Parmar thank you very much for sharing Nice article on Fault level
calculations.
Regards,
Reply
Ateeq says:
September 22, 2014 at 6:08 am
Dear Sir Could you explane me from where we get 360/6=0.01666 u reactance at HT Breaker
incoming terminal ,,and also please tell how to take Fault Level at HT Incoming Power
Supply is 360 MVA please
Reply
c.sundarrajan says:
August 16, 2016 at 9:10 am
Sir,how you calculate fault level at HT incoming side ie 360MVA
Reply
Aniket says:
August 16, 2016 at 4:58 pm
Hello please tell me how to calculate Earth fault current from Transformer to panel
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Deepak says:
October 1, 2014 at 9:15 am
Please help me that how Transformer impedance comes in picture to decide fault level on
primary side of Transformer?
Reply
Aditya Pavan Kumar U says:
October 5, 2014 at 3:24 pm
Sir, With due respect, I would like to say that In the above calculations Z(impedance of
cable) having units in ohms is added to Z pu(of cable) having no units. I think that addition
should be avoided in these calculations because only Zpu(upto that particular point) is the
only parameter that should be used during every step of finding FAULT MVA. Also in a few
areas(at HT SIDE particularly) 1.732 was missed. Thank You
Reply
weyfortey says:
November 4, 2014 at 4:27 am
Thank you for sharing your knowledge. Have you wri en books on Electrical Engineering?
Reply
jai says:
January 7, 2015 at 7:15 am
dear sir,
Reply
james says:
February 15, 2015 at 6:28 am
A 315kva 3phase has 120A, 115A and 130A. What is the total current and power
Reply
Dhananjaya.H says:
March 7, 2015 at 7:27 am
Dear Sir Could you explane me from where we get 360/6=0.01666 u reactants at HT Breaker
incoming terminal (X Pu).
Reply
M.Palanisamy says:
May 18, 2015 at 6:32 am
Dear Sir,
Could you explain that how to select base KVA for different KV levels
Reply
Naresh says:
July 7, 2015 at 1:21 pm
Jignesh sir, I am very thankful to you for providing a great material and educating all of us.
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Reply
EDWIN says:
August 18, 2015 at 5:29 am
Excellent
Reply
PVSS SAIRAM says:
September 7, 2015 at 9:23 am
Jignesh Ji , well explained about short circuit calculations.
Reply
shiv kumar says:
November 10, 2015 at 7:11 am
Dear Sir ,
How you considered –
Base KVA for HT side (H.T. Breaker and Transformer Primary) is 6 MVA
Plz tell me .
Reply
Shiv Kumar says:
November 26, 2015 at 7:37 am
Dear Sir ,
If Transformer secondary to LT panel , we will use Bus bar than how to calculate Current / or
as per above details consideration will be same . Plz reply my comments
Thanks
Shiv
Reply
Breaker says:
January 15, 2016 at 9:29 am
Hi brother
Can you please show Method for calculate electric breaker both mono,three-phase use in
hours or Apartment and give example.
Reply
farhad says:
January 20, 2016 at 4:20 am
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fine
Reply
murugadoss says:
February 10, 2016 at 1:32 pm
sir, could you please how you are taken 360/6?
Reply
indra says:
March 1, 2016 at 9:13 am
I would like to know the fault level will be given ?
Reply
Abhishek says:
March 8, 2016 at 10:17 am
What is U Reactance
Reply
Pramod.Patil says:
March 17, 2016 at 5:59 am
You are sharing excellent knowledge it will help us to build our technical skill thanku
Reply
Bhanu bansal says:
March 17, 2016 at 7:18 am
Thank you so much for such a wonderful explaination best i have ever seen
Reply
PREMJITH MP says:
April 4, 2016 at 5:07 pm
Dear Sir can you kindly explain me from where we get 360/6=0.01666 u reactants at HT
Breaker incoming terminal (X Pu).
Reply
Pongo says:
April 22, 2016 at 8:54 am
Great article. As an electrician I struggled with this for a long time. If you have an I Phone
there is s great App called Transformer Pie that works out a trannies short circuit current for
you. Maybe if use? Pongo
Reply
kbl seth says:
May 7, 2016 at 11:23 am
How MVA DIVIDED BY OHM CAN GIVE MVA again
Reply
Bhawana says:
May 18, 2016 at 4:37 pm
Thank u a lot of for best explanation and make understand in be er way. Thanks u so much
again.
Reply
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muiz says:
May 19, 2016 at 2:13 pm
Hello sir, I have one doubt for cable short circuit calculation & lighting calculation. Please
explain me what are the methods are available for caculate ? Thsnks,
Reply
Mohamed Akram Khan says:
May 22, 2016 at 4:41 am
Eng. Parmar, Sir, excellent example of fault calculation. One of the best I have come across. I
have one question. How did you get the Base KVA as 6 MVA and should this not be base
MVA. The transformer capacity is 2.5 MVA but the Base KVA is taken as 6 and I do not know
from where this value was taken.
Kindly assist.
Reply
raju says:
May 25, 2016 at 10:18 am
dear jignesh
there are some of mistake are there in calculation(not in procedure). some time not convert
the impedences into per units.please rectify
Reply
Rajvi says:
May 31, 2016 at 10:43 am
Dear Sir Could you explane me from where we get 360/6=0.01666 u reactants at HT Breaker
incoming terminal (X Pu).
and how base KVA is 6 MVA for incoming
Reply
irfan says:
June 3, 2016 at 5:35 am
Hi sir.
Fault Level at HT Incoming Power Supply is 360 MVA. how u taken that fault MVA?
Reply
francis nkrumah says:
June 21, 2016 at 9:54 am
hi am francisnkrumah from ghana and i want u to help me with some problem i need to
meter a 2.5mva transformer with a ct panel i want to know what ct rating can be used for the
2.5mva hope to hear from u soon
Reply
My TV says:
July 5, 2016 at 9:45 am
H.T, What does this mean ? can you help me ? thank so much
Reply
anandmc05 says:
July 12, 2016 at 5:32 am
I Just want to tell, the methods are very complicated and not understandable . How did you
get this (Base KVA for HT side (H.T. Breaker and Transformer Primary) is 6 MVA) .
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Reply
universal electric says:
September 29, 2016 at 2:06 am
thanks sir
Reply
Harish says:
December 7, 2016 at 1:17 pm
Thank u for ur information
Reply
hyuga says:
January 4, 2017 at 3:59 am
Where did you get the information of reactance of the cable as well as the resistance of it?
Thanks
Reply
Rajendra Yadav says:
January 23, 2017 at 1:30 pm
how to calculate LL, LG & LLG Fault current pls advice.
Reply
sharat das ( mahindra vehicle manuf... limited ) says:
March 11, 2017 at 11:44 pm
Good Morning,
Keep going…
Reply
Rajesh says:
April 8, 2017 at 2:50 am
Dear Sir,
In first step for (3)=(2)+(1)
In this 1 and 2 are in different units ,one is p.u another one is ohm how do you added this 2
different units, please explain Sir
Reply
VETRIVEL says:
June 10, 2017 at 3:47 pm
Very easy to understand thank you
Reply
nikhil says:
July 1, 2017 at 11:38 am
hello sir i have query how you considered base MVA for HT side .if you have any anther
method for short ckt calculation .plz give me
Reply
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Reply
Naresh ram says:
November 19, 2017 at 6:23 pm
Dear sir, thankyou for the example. But I have a doubt, how did you consider the base MVA
as 360 (fault level HT side) another boubt is how did you get the “Base KVA for HT side
(H.T. Breaker and Transformer Primary) is 6 MVA”.
Reply
mathanshankar says:
December 5, 2017 at 8:15 am
how to find the fault level 360 at HT incoming power supply, pls answer
Reply
Prabakaran Rajendran says:
December 30, 2017 at 12:44 am
How did u assume that Base KVA is 6 MVA??
Reply
raj kumar singh says:
January 24, 2018 at 7:32 am
I am working in a RGGVY project. We are constructing 11kv new line using weasel
conductors. While working on these lines we use discharge rods as safety measures. What
current in the weasle conductors can cause the melting of the discharge rods cable which is a
copper wire of 10 sq mm of length 13 mtrs.
Reply
Sehnaaz says:
February 19, 2018 at 1:44 pm
As usual excellent explanation but what really irritates me is that calculation values are
always wrong. It confuses your readers.
Reply
Amzad hossain says:
June 29, 2018 at 4:25 am
Dear sir
i want to know that we have use 630A VCB and Cable 30 Me er X-former Imp-5 and VCB
set .8 how we will do calculate the Earthing rod /Cable please let me know
Reply
Shahbaz hussain says:
August 27, 2018 at 8:49 am
In the first calculation it should be baseKVA/MVA.
Reply
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Nagaraju says:
October 29, 2018 at 12:29 pm
How to Calculate Fault level without Transformer ., It means If It is Feeder Protection how
can i calculate the fault level..??
Reply
Chetan Kumar says:
December 22, 2018 at 10:52 am
Thank
you sir
Reply
bhavesh mali says:
January 21, 2019 at 1:12 pm
how to calculate faulat MVA for 20MVA transformer???
Reply
bhavesh mali says:
January 21, 2019 at 1:14 pm
how to calculate Faulat MVA of 66KV/11KV ,20MVA transformer ..??
Reply
U am Sheet says:
February 13, 2019 at 2:23 am
Dear sir,
Please clarify the asume base KVA for HT breaker,U reactance, PU .
Reply
Andy says:
May 2, 2019 at 5:43 am
U Reactance at H.T. Breaker Incoming Terminals (X Pu)= 360 / 6.
Please let me know where 360/6 comes from.
Reply
Andile Ronny Qumbisa says:
May 27, 2019 at 3:13 pm
Good information very useful. Can you send me the pdf or word of the presentation or
notes.
Reply
Rajesh Shingre says:
June 1, 2019 at 5:19 am
Sir, It’s really a good explaination..I have to asked how you select base MVA at HT side?
Reply
Stephen simeluta says:
February 21, 2020 at 12:13 pm
Great stuff
Reply
Stephen simeluta says:
February 21, 2020 at 12:23 pm
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Reply
U am biswal says:
April 15, 2020 at 7:05 am
could you explain how to calculate the incident Energy for Arc Flash
Reply
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