GEC 9 Final Module

P age |i
COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES (CAS) CENTRAL PHILIPPINES STATE UNIVERSITY (CPSU)
P a g e | ii
This learner’s module is not for sale. No part of this material may be
reproduced in any form or by any means, including photocopying,
scanning, or other electronic means without the prior written permission to
the author or the College of Arts and Sciences, Central Philippines State
University.
LEARNER’S MODULE IN
GEC 9: THE LIFE, WORKS AND WRITINGS OF RIZAL
First Semester | School Year 2020-2021
P a g e | iii
PHILOSOPHY
Decent affordable education for sustainable productivity
and global competitiveness under an atmosphere of
academic freedom.
CPSU QUALITY POLICY

CPSU commits to deliver quality higher and advanced education through instruction,
research, extension, production and administrative support services.
We shall endeavor to:
• Continually improve its Quality Management System (QMS) at par with

international standards;
• Provide timely, efficient and effective delivery of products and services;
• Satisfy the needs and expectations of the costumers and relevant interested
parties; and
• Uphold applicable statutory, regulatory, organizational and international
standard requirements.
P a g e | iv
STUDY SCHEDULE GEC 9

Week Topic/Learning Outcomes Assessment
Hours Tasks
Coverage for Final
Unit V. NOLI METANGERE: CONTEXT, CONTENT AND ITS
THE LIFE, WORKS AND WRITINGS OF RIZAL

CONTINUING RELEVANCE
Lesson 1: Publication of Noli Mi Tangere and Rizal’s motivations behind
the Writing of Noli Mi Tangere
December 1-4, ➢ Examine the present Activity 29: Freedom
2020 Philippines situation (p. 144)
through the examples Activity 30: Let’s
Week 7 mentioned in Rizal’s Analyze (p.145)
first novel.
➢ Discuss Rizal’s motives Activity 31:
in writing his first novel. Scrambled Letters
3 Hours (p.153)
➢ Appraise important
characters in the novel Activity 32: What?
and tell what they So What? Now
represent. What?
(p.154)
Lesson 2: Noli after its first Publication

December 7-11, ➢ Appreciate the Activity 32: Read
2018 importance of Rizal as a and Reflect (p.157)
thinker. Activity 33: Let’s
➢ Identify related the Analyze (p.159)
Week 8 issues raised in the Activity 34: True or
novel to the changing False (p.167)
landscape of Activity 35: What?
3 hours contemporary world. So What? Now
➢ Evaluate how Noli Me What? (p.168)
tangere contributed to
the formation of Filipino.
Unit VI: EL FILIBUSTERISMO CONTENT, CONTEXT AND ITS
Lesson 1: The Writing of the El Filibusterismo and The Philippines social
condition.
December 14-18, ➢ Trace the meaning of Activity 36: The
2020 the term filibuster Book and Its Cover
across time. (p.178)
Week 9 ➢ Explaine the historical Activity 37: Let’s

context in which El Analyze
Filibusterismo was (p. 179)
written.
Activity 38:
3 hours ➢ Appraise how El Escramble (p. 187)
filibusterismo
contributed to national Activity 39: What?
consciousness and the So What? Now
revolution What? (p.188)
P age |v
STUDY SCHEDULE GEC 9

Week Hours Topic/Learning Assessment Tasks
Outcomes
Lesson 2: Characters of the El Filibusterismo
December 21-25, ➢ Compare and Activity 40 Literary
2020 contrastp the Works: (p.191)
THE LIFE, WORKS AND WRITINGS OF RIZAL

Characters, Plot
and the theme of Activity 41: Let’s
Week 10 Noli and El Fili. Analyze p.192)
➢ Examine conditions
of the Philippine Activity 42: Word Hunt
3 hours society through (p. 198)
different scenes as
well as the current Activity 43: True or
events through the False (p.200)
eyes of the
characters. Activity 43: What? So
What? Now What?
(p.201)
VII. IDEALISM AND IDEOLOGY IN RIZAL’S POETRY AND PROSE
Lesson 1: To the young Women of Malolos
December 28, ➢ Analyze Rizal’s Activity 44: The
2020- January 1, letter to the young Women of the Past
2021 women of Malolos and of the Present
and reflected on p. 210)
Week 11 the different
messages it brings. Activity 45: Write it
down (p. 211)
3 hours ➢ Discuss why did
Rizal dedicated the Activity 46: Analysis
letter to the young (p.217)
Women of Malolos
Activity 46: Reflection
(p.219)
VIII: JOSE RIZAL AND PHILIPPINE NATIONALISM
Lesson 1: Annotaion of Morga’s Sucesos De Las Islas Filipinas and
Rizal’s search for origins.
January 4-8,2021 ➢ Interpret the views Activity 47: You’re my
and opinion about Hero (p.229)
bayani and
Week 12 kabayanihan in the Activity 48:” Let’s
context of Analyze (p.230)
Philippine History
3 3 hours and Society. Activity 49: You’re
your Hero (p.240)
➢ Assess the
concepts of bayani Activity 50: Essay (p.
and kabayanihan in 241)
the context of
Philippine Society. Activity 51: In Focus
P a g e | vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS GEC 9
THE LIFE, WORKS AND WRITINGS OF RIZAL Page

PRELIMINARIES
• Cover Page i
• Disclaimer ii
• CPSU VMGO and Quality Policy iii
• Study Schedule iv
• Table of Contents vi
Unit V. NOLI METANGERE: CONTEXT, CONTENT AND ITS 139

Lesson 1 Publication of Noli Mi Tangere and Rizal’s motivations 143
behind the Writing of Noli Mi Tangere
Lesson 2 Noli after its first Publication 156
Unit VI: EL FILIBUSTERISMO CONTENT, CONTEXT AND ITS 173
Lesson 1 The Writing of the El Filibusterismo and The 177
Philippines social condition.
Lesson 2 Characters of the El Filibusterismo 190
VII. IDEALISM AND IDEOLOGY IN RIZAL’S POETRY AND PROSE 206
Lesson 1 To the young Women of Malolos 209
VIII: JOSE RIZAL AND PHILIPPINE NATIONALISM 224

Lesson 1 Bayani at Kabayanihan 228
P a g e 139
UNIT
Noli Me Tangere: Content and Context
and Its Continuing Relevance 5
Jose Rizal published a book entitled “Noli Me
Tangere” or also known as “Touch Me Not” and “The
Social Cancer”, aside from the various dilemmas
experience by Rizal to in order to publish the book, it was
indeed the most controversial among all the books he
authored. The book depicted the suffering of most
Filipinos during the colonial period like the harassment of
civil guards towards those who failed to render the
customary salute, friars who tend to commercialize
religion through simony and plenary indulgence, and
other positions in the government who are making use of
their power in order to manipulate those people whom
they thought would be a threat to the Spanish regime.
Moreover, the novel Noli Me Tangere became a

powerful tool that helped spread consciousness among
Filipinos about the “social cancer” of the Philippines and
as well as the value of attaining absolute independence.
Also, every character in the Noli Me Tangere depicts
different roles in the Philippine society accompanied by
various themes to extend the concept regarding the fight
against prejudices, injustices, and other inappropriate
treatments with Filipino people especially those who are
innocent and inferior.
GEC 9: THE LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL

P a g e 140
UNIT 5: Noli Me Tangere: Content and Context PRE-TEST
I. Direction: Read the questions carefully. Shade the letter of the correct answer. If
answer is not provided, shade letter E. Use the answer sheet provided on page 6.
Strictly no erasures.
1. What was the disease of the Philippine society that Rizal is pointing out in Noli Me
Tangere?
A. Tuberculosis C. Pneumonia
B. Dengue D. Cancer
2. The novel Noli Me Tangere is dedicated to?
A. Rizal’s Mother C. The Fatherland
B. Ferdinand Blumentritt D. Rizal’s Girlfriend
3. Noli Me Tangere is an example of a novel that depicts?
A. Social Problems C. Family Issues
B. Domestic Violence D. Animal Cruelty
4. What was the primary language used in the novel Noli Me Tangere?
A. German C. Chinese
B. Spanish D. English
5. Which among the following statements is true?
A. Rizal wrote Noli Me Tangere to showcase his talent in writing.
B. Rizal wrote Noli Me Tangere to impress his girlfriend?
C. Rizal wrote Noli Me Tangere to improve his mastery in Spanish language.
D. Rizal wrote Noli Me Tangere to to defend Filipino people from foreign
accusations of foolishness and lack of knowledge.
6. Which among the following is not included in the cover of Noli Me Tangere?
A. Moon C. Torch
B. Flower D. Cross
7. In the novel, what was the first name of Ibarra?
A. Cristian C. Crisostomo
B. Crispin D. Crisanto
8. In the novel, what kind of building does Ibarra decided to construct to honor his late
father?
A. Gymnasium
B. Hospital
C. Waiting Shed
D. School
9. The term “Noli Me Tangere” is also known as?
A. Touch Me Not C. Touch Me More
B. Touch Me Harder D. Touch By Touch
10. In the novel, who is the biological father of Maria Clara?
A. Lieutenant Guevarra C. Capitan Tiago
B. Father Salvi D. Father Damaso

P a g e 141

11. One of the characters in Noli Me Tangere who is a young woman who had been beautiful
before she endured the cruelty of her husband.
A. Donya Voctorina C. Donya Consolacion
B. Sisa D. Maria Clara
12. One of the characters in Noli Me Tangere who is one of the affluent landlords of Binondo
and owned vast tracts of farm lands in Pampanga and Laguna.
A. Capitan Tiago C. Crisotomo Ibarra
B. Simon D. Elias
13. One of the characters in Noli Me Tangere who’s known as a native woman who wears an
overabundance of makeup despite the heat and her masculine features.
14. One of the characters in Noli Me Tangere who sometimes carries a fan which she uses
to hide her face when embarrassed. She had shown her love to her fiancée with modesty.
15. Which among the following is true about Crisostomo Ibarra?
A. He went back to the Philippines because his father died.
B. He went back in the Philippines because he wants to continue his studies.
C. He went back in the Philippines because he was financially broke.
D. He went back in the Philippines because he was terminally ill.
16. One of the characters in Noli Me Tangere who was a former boatman and one of the
most wanted criminals in San Diego.
B. Simon D. Elias
17. One of the characters in Noli Me Tangere who’s depicted as one of the Filipinos who
managed to finish his studies abroad.
B. Simon D. Elias
18. One of the characters in Noli Me Tangere who disowned the Philippines and chose to be
a Spaniard.
19. Which among the following statements is true?
A. Rizal wrote Noli Me Tangere to showcase his talent in writing.
B. Rizal wrote Noli Me Tangere to impress his girlfriend?
C. Rizal wrote Noli Me Tangere to improve his mastery in Spanish language.
D. Rizal wrote Noli Me Tangere to to defend Filipino people from foreign accusations
of foolishness and lack of knowledge
20. Why do you think the novel was smuggled in the Philippines?
A. It was banned by the Spanish government
B. Because it was not written in Spanish
C. Because the author is Rizal
D. The country has many copies
P a g e 142

P a g e | 143
The Publication of Noli Me Tangere and Rizal’s
` Motivations Behind the Novel
LESSON 1
(3HOURS)
Noquilla, H. Jr. & Villasis, R.
LEARNING OUTCOMES
UNIT 5: Noli Me Tangere: Content, Context and its Continuing Relevance

At the end of the lesson the student must have:
• Examine the present situation of the Philippines through the

examples mentioned in Rizal’s first novel.
• Discuss Rizal’s motivation in writing Noli Me Tangere
• Highlight important characters in the novel and describe the
roles they represent.
INTRODUCTION
In the height of Spanish colonialism in the Philippines, most
Filipinos experienced the cruelty and injustices of Spaniards that
sparked the motivation of Dr. Jose Rizal to create a way in order to
unveil and expose the ills of the Philippine society. As a patriotic and
nationalistic Filipino, Rizal envisioned a Philippine society wherein
people are free and enjoying the privileges and opportunities without
complying and submitting to the demands and limitations set by an
external control. In connection, his first novel which was entitled Noli
Me Tangere (Touch Me Not) described and narrated the society of the
Philippines during the Spanish colonial period and highlighted
aristocracy behind poverty and abuse of the colonialists. The novel
has awakened the spirits of the Filipinos in hopes to free themselves
from the constrains of a partial and conditional sovereignty. However,
the novel angered the Spanish government which resulted for it to be
banned in the Philippines, and accused Dr. Jose Rizal of crimes such
as rebellion and sedition.
Moreover, this lesson will be a gateway for the students to
analyze comparatively the current situation of the Philippines and the
examples of Dr. Jose Rizal in his first novel, as well as to identify the
different characters and the roles they portray. Also, this lesson will
uncover the reasons especially the motivation of Rizal in writing Noli
Me Tangere.
GEC 9: THE LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL CAS-CPSU
P a g e | 144
•The Publication of Noli Me Tangere and UNIT

LESSON Rizal's Motivation Behind the Novel 5
1
Let’s Look Back
Instruction:
Fill in the blank spaces in the word web of any words you can associate/relate with
the term “FREEDOM”.
FREEDOM

P a g e | 145
•The Publication of Noli Me Tangere andUNIT

1
Let’s Analyze and Prepare
Direction: Among the different words you listed in connection with the term ‘freedom’,
please select 3 words and explain its relevance to the present situation of the Philippine
society.
1. _____________________
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________.
2. _____________________
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________.
3. ____________________
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________.

P a g e | 146

1
Let’s Discover
Dr. Jose Rizal was growing up at a time when modern politics had begun to
arrive in the colony. More than any other imperial power, 19th-century Spain was
wracked by deep internal conflicts, not merely the endless civil wars over the
succession, but also between secular liberalism and the old aristocratic-clerical order.
The Filipino movement against Spanish authorities had both violent and non-
violent proponents. Jose Rizal was the most prominent face of the moderate opposition
to the Spanish rule who advocated political reforms of The Philippines under Spain. In
connection, he wrote his first novel, Noli Me Tangere (Touch Me Not/The Social
Cancer), a work that detailed the dark aspects of Spain's colonial rule in the Philippines,
with particular focus on the role of Catholic friars.
Toward the end of 1884, Rizal began writing the novel in Madrid
and finished about one-half of it. In Berlin during the winter days of February 1886.
Rizal made the final revisions on the manuscript of the Noli. He wrote the last few
chapters in Wilhelmsfeld in April-June, 1886.

P a g e | 147

1
Let’s Discover
There are interpretations regarding the details or symbols in the cover of the
novel which were based from the scenarios presented in Noli Me Tangere.
• Silhouette of a Filipina. - believed to be Maria Clara or as the "Inang Bayan" to

whom Rizal dictates the novel.
• Cross/Crucifix. - represents the Catholic faith as it rises above Inang Bayan and
Filipinos (shows dominance)
• Pomelo Blossoms & Laurel Leaves.
• Burning Torch.
• Sunflower.
In the novel’s dedication, Rizal explains that there was once a type of cancer so
terrible that the sufferer could not bear to be touched, and the disease was thus called
noli me tangere (Latin: “do not touch me”). He believed that his homeland was similarly
afflicted. The novel offers both a panoramic view of every level of society in the
Philippines of the time and droll satire. Its description of the cruelty of Spanish rule was
a catalyst for the movement for independence in the country.
The book itself is a fictional story, but it contains the hidden truth about the
corruption and abuse by the colonial government and the Catholic Church. In Rizal's
book, he expressed the growing national consciousness of many Filipinos who
opposed Spanish colonial tyranny and aspired to attain democratic rights. Noli Me
Tangere portrays the different aspects of gaining independence, Jose Rizal focuses on
social climbers, abusive power, family devotion, self-sacrifice, and purity and
faithfulness. Rizal attacked the most fundamental elements in the Philippines that bore
the stamp of Spanish rule. The novel is essential to read and study in order to recognize
the importance of Rizal's ideals and teachings in relation to present conditions and
situations in the society. Also, to encourage the application of such ideals in current
social and personal problems and issues. To develop an appreciation and deeper
understanding of all that Rizal fought and died for.

P a g e | 148

1
Some of the Important Characters in the novel Noli Me Tangere
Name Fictional Photo Role

A young student in San Diego. Following
his father's death, he returned to his
hometown and sought to establish a
Crisostomo proper school there, only to face
Ibarra numerous obstacles from the local figures.
Implicated in a revolt, he later fled the town
and forged a new identity as the jeweler
Simoun.
The daughter of Capitan Tiago and the
fiancée of Crisostomo Ibarra. Following
Ibarra's return to San Diego, Maria Clara
Maria faced numerous objections to their
Clara betrothal.
The former town curate of San Diego and

the real father of Maria Clara. Opposing
his daughter's marriage to Crisostomo
Padre Ibarra, the man made efforts to drive the
Damaso two apart for Maria Clara's sake.
An influential businessman in San Diego

and the father of Maria Clara. Betrothing
his daughter to Crisostomo Ibarra,
Capitan Capitan Tiago struggled to obey the will of
Tiago the friars.
A fugitive living in San Diego. Enduring

one tragedy after another, he began
working to improve society. After his life
Elias was saved by Crisostomo Ibarra, he
began aiding the young man, saving him
on numerous occasions.

P a g e | 149

LESSON Rizal's Motivation behind the Novel 5
1
A Short Summary of Noli Me Tangere
The story begins at a party to welcome Crisóstomo Ibarra back to the

Philippines after seven years of studying in Europe. His father, Don Rafael, passed
away shortly before his return, and Crisóstomo soon learns that he died in prison after
accidentally killing a tax collector and being falsely accused of other crimes by Father
Dámaso, the longtime curate of the church in Crisóstomo’s hometown of San Diego.
Crisóstomo returns to San Diego, and his fiancée, María Clara, joins him there. After
the schoolmaster tells him that Father Dámaso and the new curate, Father Salví,
interfere with his teaching, Crisóstomo decides to build a new modern school in San
Diego.
On a picnic with María Clara, Crisóstomo goes on a fishing boat and helps the
pilot, Elías, kill a crocodile. Elías later warns Crisóstomo that there is a plot to murder
him at the ceremony for the laying of the school’s cornerstone, and indeed, as
Crisóstomo is placing mortar for the cornerstone, the derrick holding the stone
collapses. Although Crisóstomo escapes injury, the derrick operator is killed. At a
dinner later, Father Dámaso insults the new school, Filipinos in general, Crisóstomo,
and Don Rafael. An enraged Crisóstomo attacks him, but María Clara stops him from
killing the priest. Later her father breaks off her engagement to Crisóstomo and
arranges for her betrothal to a young Spanish man, Linares.
Father Salví plots with Lucas, the brother of the deceased derrick operator, to
organize a strike on the barracks of the Civil Guard and to convince the attackers that
Crisóstomo is their ringleader. Father Salví then warns the head of the Civil Guard of
the impending assault. When the attack fails, the rebels say that Crisóstomo was their
leader, and he is arrested. Elías helps Crisóstomo escape from prison, and they flee
by boat on the Pasig River with members of the Civil Guard in pursuit. Elías dives into
the river to distract the pursuers and is mortally wounded. It is reported that Crisóstomo
was killed, and a distraught María Clara insists on entering a convent.

P a g e | 150

1
Dr. Jose Rizal described what he expects when the novel will be in circulation
according to the letter he sent to Ferdinand Blumentritt, one of Rizal’s closest
confidants. Finally, he pointed out his primary objective:
• to defend Filipino people from foreign accusations of foolishness and lack

of knowledge;
• to show how the Filipino people lives during Spanish colonial period and
the cries and woes of his countrymen against abusive officials;
• to discuss what religion and belief can really do to everyday lives;
• to express everything about the wrong use of religion or the exploitation of
the word of God which friars used for them to benefit and corrupt people,
and
• to expose the cruelties, graft, and corruption of the false government at
honestly show the wrongdoings of Filipinos that led to further failure.
But the real objective of Rizal in writing Noli Me Tangere is not to free our
country, he just wants Philippines to be part of Spain as described in Chapter 2 as
Crisostomo Ibarra says that Spain is his second home. The mere fact that he wrote it
in the Spanish language and not Tagalog tells us that he had a different audience in
mind: The Spaniards and their government, so that they could grant the necessary
reforms to the indios, which included representation, the granting of equal rights and
the distinction of being a province.
Moreover, it needs no discussion that the administration of political affairs

during the Spanish colonial period was not designed to educate the Filipinos in
government. Popular government was unknown to the Filipinos at the close of the
Spanish rule. The administration was honey-combed by contests between the church
and state and by financial corruption. But whatever defect there was due to the
administrative officials who disregarded the royal orders and executed their duties for
personal gain.

P a g e | 151

LESSON Rizal's Motivation behind the Novel 5
1
Let’s Do It
“The words behind the Quotes”

Please read and understand the following quotes listed below which were taken from
the novel Noli Me Tangere and write down at least 7 words that would describe the
quotes above.
“The example could encourage others who only fear to start.”

“Cowardice rightly understood begins with selfishness and ends with shame.”
“The glory of saving a country is not for him who has contributed to its ruin.”
“The tyranny of some is possible only through the cowardice of others.”
“Let us not ask for miracles, let us not ask for concern with what is good for the country
of him who comes as a stranger to make his fortune and leave afterwards.”
“It is not the criminals who arouse the hatred of others, but the men who are honest.”
“I go where there are no slaves, hangmen or oppressors; where faith does not kill;
where the one who reigns is God.”
“I have to believe much in God because I have lost my faith in man.”
“Man is multiplied by the number of languages he possesses and speaks.”
“To be happy does not mean to indulge in foolishness.”
“No one has a monopoly of the true God, nor is there a nation or religion that can claim,
or at any rate prove, that it has been given the exclusive right to the Creator or sole
knowledge of His Being.”
Here are the answers in our activity.

The following words listed below are best describe the quotes above.
1. Brave
2. Intellect
3. Liberate
4. Justice
5. Initiative
6. Faith
7. Fate

P a g e | 152

1
Let’s Try Some More
“Analyzing the Qoutes”
Direction: After reading and understanding the different quotes listed in the previous
page, please choose two and briefly explain its impact and relevance to your life and
current situation.
Let’s discuss your answer here!
1. “The example could encourage others who only fear to start.”
At some point in our life, we became curious yet enveloped with fear which
enables us to try new things and pursue our planned actions. We are afraid to
go out from our comfort zones since uncertainty of the future might bring either
harm or good. Inspiration is essential to bring out the courage within us, we
need someone to ignite the fire that would initiate our first step. We are unaware
that in some instance we share the same experience with others, we share the
same solutions and share the same motivations. In connection, we need to start
venturing the road less travelled by many because there is a possibility that
others might join with us in the journey.
2. “The tyranny of some is possible only through the cowardice of others.”
Most of the time, the existence of abuse and oppression starts when we also
let it to penetrate our being. People tend to inflict harm to others when there is
no intervention opposing the action. There is also negligence on our part when
abuse has been imposed several times without contrasting the doing of the
oppressor. Tyranny is not inevitable, it can be prevented and stopped, its
persistence will depend on our behavior and the way we deal with it. The
answer lies within the approach that will be initiated.

P a g e | 153

1
Let’s Have Your Turn
“Scrambled Letters”
Instruction: Please read the questions and choose the correct answer from the
terms with scrambled letters listed below. Write the correct term.
NAIHSPS HCUTO EM TNO TIPANAC OAIGT

ARAIM ALCAR DAREP AMDSAO NETMTIRUTLB
TSORISMO RABARI SJEO AILZR OILN EM GANEETR
LMEELFDSIHW
1. ________________ He was the most prominent face of the moderate

opposition to the Spanish rule who advocated political reforms of The
Philippines under Spain.
2. ________________ A work that detailed the dark aspects of Spain's colonial
rule in the Philippines, with particular focus on the role of Catholic friars.
3. ________________ A place in Germany where Rizal wrote the last few
chapter of Noli Me Tangere in 1886.
4. ________________ It is another term for the novel Noli Me Tangere.
5. ________________ He returned to his hometown and sought to establish a
proper school there, only to face numerous obstacles from the local figures.
6. ________________ An influential businessman in San Diego and the father
of Maria Clara.
7. ________________ One of Rizal’s closest confidants.
8. ________________ The former town curate of San Diego and the real father
of Maria Clara.
9. ________________ The daughter of Capitan Tiago and the fiancée
of Crisostomo Ibarra.
10. ________________ Main language used in writing Noli Me Tangere.

P a g e | 154

1
Let’s Sum It Up
What? SO WHAT? NOW WHAT?
To sum up your learnings from all the topics under the lesson “The Publication of Noli
Me Tangere and Rizal’s Motivation Behind the Novel”, please answer the following:
WHAT?
What have you

learned from the
lesson? •gf
SO WHAT?
What are your

realizations and
conclusions based
from those
learnings?
NOW WHAT?
What are you

planning to initiate,
now that you have
acquired full
understanding with
the lesson?

P a g e | 155
•The Publicaiton of Noli Me Tangere andUNIT

1
Let’s Extend and Link

Additional Information About the Topic
Instructions.
1. Watch the video on YouTube entitled “Noli Me Tangere (Picture Story

Telling)”. In this 5-minute video, the short summary (Filipino) of the novel is
discussed and pictures are provided for detailed narration. Refer to the link
below.
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4f4YUST8w-8
Bibliography
Anderson, B. (1997). First Filipino – A Review of Jose Rizal’s “Noli Me Tangere”.

Retrieved from http://europe-solidaire.org/spip.php?article35653
Bauer, P. (N.D.). The Social Cancer. Retrieved from
https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Social-Cancer
Chua, M. (2018). Noli Me Tangere Is Also About Our Faults. The Manila Tines.
Retrieved from https://www.manilatimes.net/2018/04/28/opinion/analysis/noli-
me-tangere-is-also-about-our-faults/395476/
Diamonon, V. (1919). A Study of the Philippine Government During the Spanish
Regime.
Mahanirban Calcutta Research Group. (N.D.) Spanish Colonialism in the Philippines.
Retrieved from
http://www.mcrg.ac.in/Chair_Professor/Articles/Spanish_colonialism_in_The_
Philippines.pdf
Internet Source
https://www.google.com/search?q=blank+word+web+template&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiFwPDoxLPsAhUKfZQKHQhcAm8Q2 -
cCegQIABAA&oq=blank+word+web&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgBMgQIABBDMgIIADICCAAyAggAMgIIADIGCAAQBxAeOgcIABCxAxBD
UI9MWO1cYI9raABwAHgAgAFuiAG0CZIBAzYuNpgBAKABAaoBC2d3cy13aXotaW1nwAEB&sclient=img&ei=pqWGX4XVD4r60QSIu
In4Bg&bih=657&biw=1366#imgrc=VwCxxlX2i0o5eM
https://www.google.com/search?q=noli+me+tangere+book&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiy9vudjLbsAhXNyYsB
Hf4jBGcQ_AUoAXoECCoQAw&biw=1366&bih=657#imgrc=SCuhNgOQQFyr0M
https://www.google.com.ph/search?hl=en&tbm=isch&source=hp&biw=1366&bih=657&ei=tFKJX8qAMMjrwQPn-
7GwBA&q=Crisostomo+Ibarra&oq=Crisostomo+Ibarra&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzICCAAyAggAMgIIADICCAAyAggAMgIIADICCAAyAgg
AMgIIADICCAA6BQgAELEDOggIABCxAxCDAToGCAAQChAYULoMWO00YN81aANwAHgAgAFriAGUDpIBBDE5LjGYAQCgAQGqAQtn
d3Mtd2l6LWltZw&sclient=img&ved=0ahUKEwjKqvyR0rjsAhXIdXAKHed9DEYQ4dUDCAc&uact=5#imgrc=V3oep-lxlJo1NM
https://www.google.com.ph/search?q=maria+clara+noli+me+tangere&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwipztHL17jsAhXGxosBHVTXBJkQ
2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=Maria&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgAMgQIABBDMgQIABBDMgQIABBDMgQIABBDMgQIABBDMgQIABBDMgcIABCx
AxBDMgQIABBDMgQIABBDMgIIADoFCAAQsQNQxo8CWMmUAmCtnwJoAHAAeACAAWuIAfIDkgEDMy4ymAEAoAEBqgELZ3dzLX
dpei1pbWfAAQE&sclient=img&ei=a1iJX-nsNsaNr7wP1K6TyAk&bih=657&biw=1366&hl=en#imgrc=w4Q5RENWmeshfM
https://www.google.com.ph/search?q=Padre+Damaso&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiru8KV0rjsAhUXAqYKHSllCXIQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=Padre+Damaso&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzICCAAyBAgAEEMyAggAMgIIADICCAAyAggAMgQIABBDMgIIADICCAAyBA
P a g e | 156
Noli Me Tangere After Its First

`
Publication LESSON 2
(3HOURS)
LEARNING OUTCOMES
UNIT 5: Noli Me Tangere: Content, Context and its Continuing Relevance

• Appreciate the importance of Rizal as a thinker.

• Identify related issues raised in the novel to the changing
landscape of contemporary world.
• Evaluate how Noli Me Tangere contributed to the formation of
the Filipinos.
INTRODUCTION
aristocracy behind poverty and abuse of the colonialists. The novel has
awakened the spirits of the Filipinos in hopes to free themselves from
the constrains of a partial and conditional sovereignty. However, the
novel angered the Spanish government which resulted for it to be
Moreover, this lesson will discuss the significance of Noli Me
Tangere and its essentiality to the attainment of independence by
Filipinos and to appreciate Rizal’s idea to raise awareness by using
diplomatic and non-violence platform. Also, this lesson will tackle the
different themes covered in the novel, and issues relatable to the
present challenges in embracing diversity brought by globalization.
P a g e | 157
UNIT
LESSON •Noli Me Tangere After Its First Publication
5
2
Let’s Look Back

Instruction: Read and reflect on the short background of some of the main
characters in the first novel of Jose Rizal, Noli Me Tangere.

P a g e | 158
UNIT
5
2
Let’s Look Back
Continuation.

P a g e | 159
UNIT
5
2
Direction: Among the characters presented in the previous pages, please select three
(3) characters whom you think their traits and situations describe you or people around
you either a family member, relative or a friend, and please explain the relevance.
1. _____________________
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________.
2. _____________________
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________.
3. ____________________
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________.

P a g e | 160
UNIT
5
2
Let’s Discover
The novel Noli Me Tangere is considered to be romantic but is more socio-

historical because of its nature. Most of the issues discussed in Noli can still be seen
today. After publication, Noli me Tangere was considered to be one of the instruments
that initiated Filipino nationalism leading to the 1896 Philippine Revolution. The novel
did not only awaken sleeping Filipino awareness, but also established the grounds for
aspiring to independence. Noli Me Tangere was originally written in Spanish, so the
likelihood that Spanish authorities would read it first was very high; which is what Rizal
wanted to happen. Copies of books were redirected to churches, many were destroyed,
many anti-Noli writers came into the picture. Catholic leaders in the Philippines at the
time regarded the book as heretical, while Spanish colonial authorities declared it as
subversive and against the government. Underground copies were distributed, so Rizal
decided to increase the price, the demand was so high.
The Significance of Noli Me Tangere

❖ Instrument in cheating the racial Filipino identity and consciousness as many
Filipinos identified with their respective regions to the advantages of Spanish
authorities.
❖ It lampooned, caricatured and exposed various elements in colonial society.
❖ Gave a cross-section of the Philippine society during Rizal’s time.
❖ The reader’s get acquainted with the social forces which opposes each other,
thus preventing the realization of Rizal’s aspiration for the Filipinos to regain
their human rights, especially human dignity, justice and freedom.
❖ It opens the eyes of the Filipino people to reality.
❖ Forms a part of the intellectual heritage of the Filipinos.
The work was instrumental in creating a unified Filipino national identity and
consciousness, as many natives previously identified with their respective regions. Two
characters in particular have become classics in Filipino culture: Maria Clara, who has
become a personification of the ideal Filipina woman, loving and unwavering in her
loyalty to her spouse; and the priest Father Dámaso, who reflects the covert fathering
of illegitimate children by members of the Spanish clergy.

P a g e | 161
UNIT
5
2
Let’s Discover
Jose Rizal conceived the idea of writing a novel that would expose the ills of
Philippine society after reading Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin. He
preferred that the prospective novel express the way Filipino culture was backward,
anti-progress, anti-intellectual, and not conducive to the ideas of the Age of
Enlightenment. He was then a student of medicine in the Universidad Central de
Madrid.
In a reunion of Filipinos at the house of his friend Pedro A. Paterno in Madrid

on 2 January 1884, Rizal proposed the writing of a novel about the Philippines written
by a group of Filipinos. His proposal was unanimously approved by the Filipinos
present at the party, among whom were Pedro, Maximino and Antonio Paterno,
Graciano López Jaena, Evaristo Aguirre, Eduardo de Lete, Julio Llorente and Valentin
Ventura. However, this project did not materialize. The people who agreed to help Rizal
with the novel did not write anything. Initially, the novel was planned to cover and
describe all phases of Filipino life, but almost everybody wanted to write about women.
Rizal even saw his companions spend more time gambling and flirting with Spanish
women. Because of this, he pulled out of the plan of co-writing with others and decided
to draft the novel alone.

P a g e | 162
UNIT
5
2
Along with other Filipino expatriates of the time, Rizal would be vocal in making
the case for the reform of Spain’s colonial policies. The ideas of Enlightenment had
breezed through Europe the century before, but Spain remained largely less affected
by these strong winds of thought. Rizal’s work comes from the influences of the
philosophy of Enlightenment. The political and social reforms that he espoused
embodies general ideas of tolerance, more liberty and the need for civil government.
Noli Me Tangere was Rizal’s first novel. He was 26 years old at the time of its
publication. This novel was banned in some parts of the Philippines because of their
portrayal of corruption and abuse by the country’s Spanish government and clergy.
Copies of the book were smuggled in nevertheless, and when Rizal returned to the
Philippines after completing medical studies, he quickly ran afoul of the local
government. A few days after his arrival, Governor-General Emilio Terrero summoned
Rizal to the Malacañang Palace and told him of the charge that Noli Me Tangere
contained subversive statements. After a discussion, the Governor General was
appeased but still unable to offer resistance against the pressure of the Church against
the book. The persecution can be discerned from Rizal’s letter to Leitmeritz:
“My book made a lot of noise; everywhere, I am asked about it. They wanted
to anathematize me ['to excommunicate me'] because of it… I am considered a
German spy, an agent of Bismarck, they say I am a Protestant, a freemason, a
sorcerer, a damned soul and evil. It is whispered that I want to draw plans, that I have
a foreign passport and that I wander through the streets by night…”
Rizal was exiled to Dapitan, then later arrested for “inciting rebellion” based
largely on his writings. Rizal was executed in Manila on December 30, 1896 at the age
of thirty-five. Moreover, Rizal depicted nationality by emphasizing the qualities of
Filipinos: the devotion of a Filipina and her influence on a man’s life, the deep sense of
gratitude, and the solid common sense of the Filipinos under the Spanish regime. The
work was instrumental in creating a unified Filipino national identity and consciousness,
as many natives previously identified with their respective regions.

P a g e | 163
UNIT
5
2
Jose Rizal did not only expose the anomalies and injustices of the Spaniards
through the novel Noli Me Tangere but as well as critique and pointed out bad practices
of his fellow countrymen which resulted to an overall realization and discernment from
a fair and just point of view. These criticisms include:
❖ The superstitious and hypocritical fanaticism of many who consider themselves

religious people;
❖ The ignorance, corruption, and brutality of the Filipino civil guards;
❖ The passion for gambling unchecked by the thought of duty and responsibility;
❖ The servility of the wealthy Filipinos toward friars and government officials, and
❖ The ridiculous efforts of Filipinos to dissociate themselves from their fellowmen
or to lord it over them – all these are ridiculed and disclosed.
Furthermore, the book, Noli Me Tangere, contains historical and sentimental

elements that greatly affected the nation. It opened our minds and eyes to the true
villains of our country. Its main target as an audience was the Filipino citizens, while
also conveying a message to other nations as well. We were given a chance to really
understand and learn a lot from this book. The book did not only show how the
Spaniards slowly took our rights and our stand as Filipinos, but they slowly turned our
fellow-men to their side as well. Some of our Filipino leaders were eaten by the glory,
money and power which blinded them.
One concrete example from the book was Doña Victorina; how she disowned
her country and chose to be “one of them”. It simply means that Filipinos before was
unaware and not knowledgeable enough on how blessed they were in different
aspects. However, in our time today, the audience or the readers might understand
some of the things written in the book that it’s just about how corrupt and abusive the
Spaniards are. For some people, especially those who really sympathized and
appreciated the book, will say that it has a big contribution and influence in our society,
or maybe the historians or people who are a big fan of history, will say that Noli Me
Tangere is a very important historical evidence on how the Filipinos has evolve and
preserved some of their traditions and culture.
P a g e | 164
UNIT
5
2
When the book came out it was considered scandalous, because it alarmed the
Spaniards of the content that the book conveys, while the Filipinos were intrigued and
they sympathize with the characters of the book. Noli Mi Tangere isn’t just about a book
or a piece made by Dr. Rizal. It wasn’t made or written just for the Filipino citizens to
see, but to showcase the other nation as well. Rizal depicted nationality by emphasizing
the positive qualities of Filipinos, the devotion of a Filipina and her influence on a man’s
life, the deep sense of gratitude, and the solid common sense of the Filipinos under the
Spanish regime. Filipinos becomes more knowledgeable about what had happened in
the past by reading or appreciating the book. It made us realize that the past and the
present had some kind of similarities. The past government was corrupt and abusive,
therefore the views of the people about the system of our government nowadays
changed, because they learned the issues and possible forms of corruption present
from the book, it also taught us that the Spaniards were not our only enemies before,
but also our fellow Filipino leaders who disowned our country.
The novel was created for power, power to fuel the people’s desire for change
and liberation. The book itself is a fictional story, but it contains the hidden truth about
the corruption and abuse by the colonial government and the Catholic Church. it
expressed the growing national consciousness of many Filipinos who opposed Spanish
colonial tyranny and aspired to attain democratic rights. Also, it perfectly showed the
ugly truth on how Filipinos has long endured the slavery, corruption and abuse of the
Spaniards. It indirectly started the flames of revolution; it was a wake-up call for all
Filipinos to break away from their trance of a so-called “harmonious and peaceful”
relationship with the Spaniards. It was the seed that gave us the idea to stop being
ignorant and it aroused our need for independency and freedom. Rizal’s writing was
created to fuel the growing nationalism that will help the Filipinos break free from the
shackles of abuse.

P a g e | 165
UNIT
5
2
Let’s Do It
Activity: The following phrases listed below are themes of the novel Noli Me Tangere.
Please write down your thoughts about those themes.
Themes Thoughts
Freedom from Spain Filipinos wanted absolute sovereignty

from the Spanish monarchy.
Social Climbers People who are not contented with their

life and try to show off things beyond their
capacity to afford.
Abusive Power Extending control outside the premise of

what is only applicable and allowed.
Family Devotion Ultimate love, protection and sacrifice

toward family members and family
affairs.
Self-Sacrifice Neglecting self-worth and happiness to

prioritize the needs of others
Patriotism One’s love and total devotion toward the

country.

P a g e | 166
UNIT
LESSON •Noli Me Tangere After Its First Publicaiton
5
2
Direction: After understanding and writing your thoughts about the different themes in
the Noli Me Tangere, please choose two (2) themes that you can relate to the present
situation of the Philippine society and explain the relevance.
1. Abusive Power
It is still evident in the Philippine political landscape that corruption and abuse
of power is existing and continues to persist. There are still politicians either
elected or appointed who have been tagged, accused and convicted with the
crime of corruption. Many public servants are using their positions to influence
and take advantage of others. Policies formulated and implemented are based
from their personal interest for personal gain.
2. Family Devotion
There are a lot of challenges that the country has faced and experienced
already especially the pandemic that we are currently dealing with, added by
natural calamities such as numerous typhoons that wreaked havoc in some
parts of the country. These incidents have tested our patience, resilience, faith,
etc. Those challenges enlightened the minds of most us that no matter what
kind of disaster will come, no matter how difficult our life may be, our Family will
always be there willing to help and protect us.

P a g e | 167
UNIT
5
2

“Am I True or False”
Instruction: Please read and analyze the questions below and identify whether the
questions/statements are either TRUE or FALSE.
1. _______ The novel Noli Me Tangere did not only expose the anomalies and
injustices of the Spaniards through the novel Noli Me Tangere but as well as
critique and pointed out bad practices of his fellow countrymen.
2. _______ Noli Me Tangere was Rizal’s first novel.
3. _______ Jose Rizal conceived the idea of writing a novel that would expose the
ills of Philippine society after reading Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s
Cabin.
4. _______ Rizal proposed the writing of a novel in a reunion of Filipinos at the
house of his friend Graciano Lopez Jaena in Madrid on 2 January 1884.
5. _______ Noli me Tangere was considered to be one of the instruments that
initiated Filipino nationalism leading to the 1896 Philippine Revolution.
6. _______ The novel was banned in some parts of the Philippines because of
their portrayal of corruption and abuse by the country’s Spanish government
and clergy.
7. _______ Copies of the Novel were smuggled to the Philippines from Spain.
8. _______ Rizal was exiled to Dapitan, then later arrested for “inciting rebellion”
based largely on his writings.
9. _______ Doña Victorina one of the characters in the novel disowned the
Philippines and chose to be a Spaniard.
10. _______ A few days after Rizal arrived in the Philippines from Spain, Governor-
General Emilio Terrero summoned Rizal to the Malacañang Palace and told
him of the charge that Noli Me Tangere contained subversive statements.

P a g e | 168
UNIT
5
2
Let’s Sum It Up
To sum up your learnings from all the topics under the lesson “Noli Me Tangere After
Its First Publication”, please answer the following:
WHAT?
What have you

learned from the
lesson? •gf
SO WHAT?
What are your

realizations and
conclusions based
from those
learnings?
NOW WHAT?
What are you

now that you have
acquired full
understanding with
the lesson?

P a g e | 169
UNIT
5
2

Further Readings
1. Read the article in the website of CNN Philippines entitled “The Social Ills
Jose Rizal Fought Against Still Exist”. In this article, it discusses how Rizal’s
works still relevant today and viewing Rizal as a model for a more progressive
Philippines. Refer to the link below.
Link: https://www.cnn.ph/life/culture/2018/6/20/social-ills-rizal-birthday.html
Bibliography
Anonymous. (2006). Novel: Noli Me Tangere by Jose Rizal. First Published in Berlin, Germany
1887. Mandirigma.org. Retrieved from http://mandirigma.org/?p=673
Mindanaofilmsmil. (2017). A Content Analysis of Noli Me Tangere, Focusing on Filipino

Nationalism/Corruption: “The Philippines Journey to Metamorphosis”. Retrieved
from https://mindanaofilmsmil.wordpress.com/2017/02/24/the-philippines-
journey-to-metamorphosis/
Sicat, G. (2019). Jose Rizal’s Ideas and Ideas. Philippine Star. Retrieved from
https://www.philstar.com/business/2019/01/02/1881538/jose-rizals-ideals-and-
ideas
Internet Source
https://www.google.com/search?q=Harriet+Beecher+Stowe%E2%80%99s+Uncle+Tom%E2%
80%99s+Cabin&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjy9ojxrcrsAhWXF4gKHXbNCE8
Q_AUoAXoECCwQAw&biw=1366&bih=625#imgrc=2VIqA4duUCElHM

P a g e | 170
UNIT 5:Noli Me Tangere: Content and Context POST-TEST
I. Direction: Read the questions carefully. Shade the letter of the correct answer. If answer
is not provided, shade letter E. Use the answer sheet provided on page 172. Strictly no
erasures.
1.Who is the of daughter of Capitan Tiago and the fiancée of Crisostomo Ibarra?
A. Maria Makiling C. Maria Isabel
B. Maria Clara D. Maria Celina
2. Who is the former town curate of San Diego and the biological father of Maria Clara?
A. Capitan Tiago C. Padre Damaso
B. Ferdinand Blumentritt D. Father Salvi
3. It was a work that detailed the dark aspects of Spain's colonial rule in the Philippines,
with particular focus on the role of Catholic friars
A. Noli Me Tangere C. The Revolution
B. Mi Ulmito Adios D. Makamisa
4. What was the primary language used in the novel Noli Me Tangere?
A. German C. Chinese
B. Spanish D. English
5. Which among the following is true about Rizal and Blumentritt?
A. Blumentritt was Rizal’s childhood friend who gave him an idea about writing Noli
Me Tangere.
B. Blumentritt was Rizal’s classmate in medical school in Spain.
C. Blumentritt was one closest confidant of Rizal whom he shared the purpose of
Noli Me Tangere.
D. Blumentritt was one of the enemies of Rizal whom he really despised.
6. It is a country in Europe where Rizal finished his novel Noli Me Tangere?
A. Amsterdam C. France
B. Russia D. Germany
7. What was the reason why Crisostomo Ibarra change his name to SImoun?
A. To conceal his identity and avenge the misfortunes of the Philippines under the
Spanish regime.
B. He doesn’t want the name Crisostomo and wanted to change it to Simoun.
C. The ex-boyfriend of his fiancée is Crisostomo, so he wanted to change it.
D. It was the dying wish of his father.
8. Which among the following is true about Crisostomo Ibarra?
A. He went back to the Philippines because his father died.
B. He went back in the Philippines because he wants to continue his studies.
C. He went back in the Philippines because he was financially broke.
D. He went back in the Philippines because he was terminally ill.
9. The term “Noli Me Tangere” is also known as?
A. The Social Cancer C. The Societal Damage
B. The Social Carousel D. The Social Relevance
10. He wrote the novel Noli Me Tangere and became the most prominent face of the
moderate opposition to the Spanish rule who advocated political reforms of The
Philippines under Spain.
A. Jose Rizal C. Andres Bonifacio
B. Ferdinand Blumentritt D. Apolinario Mabini
P a g e | 171
1.What was the age of Rizal when Noli Me Tangere was published?
A. 29 C. 24
B. 26 D. 30
2. In what place does Noli Me Tangere fall chronologically among the other novels of Rizal?
A. Third C. Sixth
B. First D. Fourth
3. It was the novel from which Rizal conceived the idea of writing Noli Me Tangere.
A. Uncle Tom’s Cabin C. Poganuc People
B. The Minister’s Wooing D. Old Town Folks
4. Who is the owner of the house where Rizal proposed the writing of a novel exposing
Spanish injustices and brutality?
A. Graciano Lopez Jaena C. Julio Llorente
B. Evaristo Aguirre D. Pedro A. Paterno
5. Which among the following is NOT true about most Filipinos in the novel Noli Me
Tangere?
A. The servility of the wealthy Filipinos toward friars and government officials.
B. The ignorance, corruption, and brutality of the Filipino civil guards.
C. The superstitious and hypocritical fanaticism of many who consider themselves
religious people.
D.The genuine efforts of Filipinos to associate themselves with their fellowmen.
6. Noli Me Tangere initiated Filipino nationalism which led to a Philippine revolution in the
year?
A. 1894 C. 1897
B. 1896 D. 1892
7. What was the reason why the Noli Me Tangere banned in the Philippines?
A. It portrays corruption and abuse by the country’s Spanish government and clergy.
B. It was not written in Spanish.
C. It was a plagiarized novel.
D. It was sold in a very high price.
8. Which among the following is the reason why Rizal was summoned by the governor-
general a few days after he arrived in the Philippines from Spain?
A. The Spanish government prepared a grand party for his comeback.
B. He was recognized as a talented writer because of Noli Me Tangere.
C. He was offered a job by the Spanish government.
D. He was told by the charges that the novel Noli Me Tangere contained subversive
statements.
9. What is the name of the character in Noli Me Tangere who disowned the Philippines and
chose to be a Spaniard?
A. Sisa C. Maria Clara
B. Simon D. Donya Victorina
10. What is the crime that Rizal allegedly committed that led to his exile in Dapitan?
A. Libel C. Murder
B. Inciting Rebellion D. Rape

P a g e | 172

P a g e 173
UNIT
El Filibusterism: Context, Content and
Its Continuing Relevance
6
Dr. Jose Rizal created a way in order to unveil and expose the
ills of the Philippine society by writing and successfully
publishing the novel Noli Me Tangere or also known as “The
Social Cancer” and “Touch Me Not”. In connection, to further
extend and deliver awareness of the corruption, injustices and
maltreatments of the Spaniards toward the Filipinos, Jose Rizal
wrote the sequel of the novel entitled El Filibusterismo or also
called as “The Reigned of the Greed”. The novel is composed of
38 chapters which was dedicated by Rizal to the three martyred
priests of the Cavite mutiny. The title of the novel was very
significant to the execution of the three priests since their
treatment and death at the hands of the Spanish authorities was
considered unjust.
The plots are poles apart compared with Noli Me Tangere,

where people were encouraged to ask and aspire for change
and liberation, in El Filibusterismo, Rizal urged the society to
open its eyes to reality and rebel against the Spanish
government for its oppression and abuse. In Noli Me Tangere,
there is aspiration, beauty, romance, and mercy while in El
Filibusterismo, the story depicted bitterness, hatred, and
antipathy, and the romance and aspirations are gone, even the
characters' personalities seem to have undergone radical
change. Characters for the prequel novel return but new ones
were introduced and the novel is much darker and more
aggressive than Noli Me Tangere.

P a g e 174
UNIT 6: El Filibusterism: Content and Context PRE-TEST

I. Direction: Read the questions carefully. Shade the letter of the correct answer. If answer is
not provided, shade letter E. Use the answer sheet provided on page 176. Strictly no
erasures.
1. How many years did Rizal spend before he was able to finish writing the El Filibustersmo?
A. 3 years C. 2 years
B. 7 years D. 4 years
2. It is the country where Rizal started writing El Filibusterismo.
A. Philippines C. Spain
B. Germany D. London
3. In what year did Rizal finally completed writing the sequel of Noli Me Tangere?
A. 1891 C. 1893
B. 1894 D. 1890
4. He was one of Rizal’s friends who partially funded the publication of El Filibusterismo.
A. Sixto Lopez C. Valentin Ventura
B. Graciano Lopez Jaena D. Pedro Paterno
5. Which among the following is true about the original manuscript of El Filibusterismo?
A. Rizal donated it to Valentin Ventura.
B. Rizal asked his friend Julio Llorente to keep it until further notice.
C. Rizal threw it after the book was published.
D. Rizal gave it to his beloved mother.
6. How much did the Philippine government payed in order to acquire the original copy of the
manuscript of El Filibusterismo.
A. 16, 000 C. 10, 000
B. 13, 000 D. 8, 000
7. It is the Spanish translation of the El Filibusterismo which refers to the character’s actions
against the Spanish colonial government.
A. The Subversion C. The Unsolved
B. The Insufficient D. The Extraction
8. Rizal published El Filibusterismo in Ghent which is a town in what country?
A. Belgium C. Germany
B. Amsterdam D. Italy
9. Which among the following statements is TRUE about El Filibusterismo?
A. The novel was dedicated to the three martyred priests.
B. The novel was dedicated to Rizal’s father.
C. The novel was written in German language.
D. The novel was published after the death of Rizal.
10. Why did Rizal revised and shorten the novel El Filibusterismo?
A. To save expenses
B. Because some parts are not essential
C. Because he was told by his friends
D. Because the novel is too long

P a g e 175
11.What was the profession of Crisostomo Ibarra when he reincarnated as Simoun?

A. Wealthy Jeweler C. Doctor
B. Lawyer D. Professor
12. Who is the girlfriend of Isagani and the niece of Donya Victorina?
A. Paulita Gomez C. Maria Clara
B. Huli D. Sisa
13. Who is Sisa’s eldest son who aspires to become a doctor?
A. Basilio C. Ben Zayb
B. Isagani D. Simoun
14. He is Isagani's godfather, and a secular priest; was engaged to be married, but chose the
priesthood instead.
A. Father Florentino C. Padre Sibyla
B. Father Fernandez D. Old Man Selo
15. Which among the following is true about Basilio after his mother Sisa died?
A. He went insane and lived in the streets.
B. He end his own life by hanging himself.
C. He killed a Spanish civil guard and was imprisoned.
D.He was adopted by Old Man Selo.
16. He was the man chosen by Paulita Gomez over Isagani.
B. Juanito Pelaez D. Quiroga
17. What was the reason why Sisa went insane?
A. Her house was burnt to ashes by an unidentified person.
B. She was robbed and traumatized by the incident.
C. She lost her sons.
D. She was diagnosed of an incurable illness.
18. Which among the following is the reason why Crispin died from the punishment of Spanish
soldiers?
A. He was accused of killing a Spanish civil guard.
B. He was accused of stealing money.
C. He was accused of falsification of documents.
D. He was accused of selling low quality gun for a high price.
19. He promised to Isagani that he and the other priests will give in to the students' demands.
20. A Chinese businessman who dreamt of being a consul of a Consulate of China in the
Philippines

P a g e 176

P a g e | 177
The Writing of El Filibusterismo and the Social
` Condition of the Philippines
LESSON 1
(3HOURS)
LEARNING OUTCOMES
UNIT 5: El Filibusterismo: Content, Context, and Its Continuing Relevance

• Trace the meaning of the term Filibuster across time.

• Explain the historical context in which El Filibusterismo was
written.
• Appraise how El Filibusterismo contributed to national
consciousness and the revolution.
INTRODUCTION
After the publication of the novel Noli Me Tangere, Jose Rizal
wrote and published its sequel entitled El Filibusterismo or “The Reign
of Greed” in direct translation, it means “The Subversive”. The novel
was commended for fearlessly depicting the corruptions and abuses
by the Spanish clergy and colonial government during the Spanish
regime in the Philippines. The message of the novel is clear that the
system of governing the Philippines through corrupt and self-seeking
officials dominated by the friars and being submissive to their interest
in one fashion or another can only lead to disaster for Spain. The
government is subjective, cruel, completely lacking in a sense of justice
or of responsibility and without interest or trust in the people it governs.
Along with Rizal’s warning to Spain through the novel, Rizal tried to
convey to his countrymen the action to be taken if Spain does not heed
his warning. Though this novel tells us how cruel and how purely evil
the Spaniards was, nevertheless, it also shows the unimagined bravery
of our countrymen on fighting the greediness and cruelty of the
Spaniards.
Moreover, this lesson will focus on the background of the title
and especially the historical context in which the novel was written and
published. This lesson will also deal with how El Filibusterismo
contributed to the overall consciousness of Filipinos and as well as the
revolution that took place.
P a g e | 178
•The Writing of El Filibusterismo and theUNIT

LESSON Social Condition of the Philippines 6
1
Let’s Look Back
“The Book and Its Cover”
Instruction: Please observe and analyze the book cover of El Filibusterismo.

P a g e | 179

1
Direction: After analyzing the cover of the book, please write down your insights,
thoughts and the things you comprehended based from the cover.
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________.

P a g e | 180

1
Let’s Discover
Rizal started writing El Filibusterismo in October 1887 in Calamba during his

first homecoming. The novel was thus written against the background of threats and
oppressions he and his family suffered because of the Noli and the so-called Calamba
agrarian trouble. He continued working on it, making some revisions, in London in 1888.
Rizal then went on to write the novel in Paris, and then in Brussels where distractions
were less and the cost of living was cheaper. Being able to focus on finishing the book,
Rizal had finally completed it by March 29, 1891 in Biarritz.
Jose Alejandrino, Rizal’s roommate in Belgium related that he was the one who
canvassed printing press for El Fili. He delivered proofs and revisions to F. Meyer van
Loo in Ghent. For his assistance, Rizal gave him the El Fili’s corrected proofs and the
pen used in doing the corrections. Unluckily, these historical souvenirs were either lost
or destroyed during the revolution. Alejandrino, who later became a general in the
Philippine revolution, may have been the first person to read the novel aside from the
author. However, the honor of being called ‘the savior of the Fili’ had gone to Valentin
Ventura—Rizal’s friend who partially financed the novel’s publication.
Jose Alejandrino Valentin Ventura

P a g e | 181

1
Let’s Discover
The ‘Filibusterismo’ in the novel’s title is derived from the simpler term
‘filibustero’. Rizal defined the word (‘filibustero’) to his friend Ferdinand Blumentritt who
encountered but did not fully comprehend the word in the ‘Noli’. Rizal thus explained in
a letter:
“The word filibustero is little known in the Philippines …I heard it for the
first time in 1872 when the tragic executions [of the Gomburza] took
place. I still remember the panic that this word created. Our father forbade
us to utter it, as well as the words Cavite, Burgos (one of the executed
priests), etc. The Manila newspapers and the Spaniards apply this word
to one whom they want to make a revolutionary suspect. The Filipinos
belonging to the educated class fear the reach of the word. It … means
a dangerous patriot who will soon be hanged or well, a presumptuous
man.”
Ferdinand
Blumentritt
The word ‘filibustero’ thus contextually means subversive, dissident,

revolutionary, seditious, insurrectionary, and treasonous. Fittingly, Rizal dedicated the
book to the memory of the Gomburza, the three Filipino patriotic priests who were
accused of being ‘filibustero’ and thus executed. In his dedication, Rizal fearlessly
declared his conviction that the Spanish officials’ treatment of the priests’ case was
unjust “as [their] complicity in the Cavite Mutiny is not clearly proved”.
P a g e | 182

1
GomBurZa
Objectives of Rizal in writing El Filibusterismo
➢ To defend Filipino People from foreign accusations of foolishness and lack of

knowledge.
➢ To show how the Filipino people live during Spanish colonial period and the
cries and woes of his countrymen against the abusive officials.
➢ To discuss what religion and belief can really do to everyday lives.
➢ To expose the cruelties, graft and corruption of the false government and
honestly show the wrongdoings of Filipinos that led to further failure.
The word “Filibusterismo” certainly acquired a profound and broad meaning in

the Philippines in the previous century, however, it will be more practical to ask: Who
is considered a 'filibustero' in the Philippines?" And let Rizal answer:
➢ Those who do not raise their hats to Spaniards.

➢ Those who only greet a friar instead of kissing his hand or his habit.
➢ Those who offer resistance to being addressed with the familiar "tu" by the
best Spaniard.
➢ Those who subscribe to a periodical from Spain or another European country.
➢ Those who, at elections, give their vote to a candidate other than the one
recommended by the priest.
➢ Those who read books other than miracle stories and biographies of saints.

P a g e | 183

1
A Short Summary of El Filibusterismo

Simoun, wealthy and mysterious, is a close friend of the Spanish governor
general. He was nicknamed Brown Cardinal and Black Eminence because of his
influence in Malacañang. By using his political influence and wealth, he encourages
corruption in the government and hastens the moral degradation of the country so that
the people may become desperate and fight. He smuggles ammunitions into the
country with the help of a rich Chinese merchant, Quiroga, who wants very much to be
Chinese consul of Manila. Simoun’s initial attempt to start the uprising did not push
through because at the lat hour he heard the sad news that Maria Clara died in the
convent. In his agonizing moment of bereavement, he did not give the signal for the
attack.
After his illness brought about by the death of Maria Clara, Simoun fine-tunes
his plan to overthrow the government. On the occasion of the wedding of Paulita
Gomez and Juanito Pelaez, he gives a wedding gift to them a beautiful lamp. Only he
and his confidential associate, Basilio (Sisa’s son who joined the revolutionary cause),
know that when the wick of his lamp burns lower, the nitroglycerine hidden in a secret
compartment of the lamp will explode. Thus, all the guests where the wedding feast is
being held will be killed, including the governor-general, the friars, ans the government
officials. At the same time, Simoun’s followers will attack the government buildings in
Manila.
As the wedding feast begins, Isagani, who has been rejected by Paulita
because of his liberal ideas, is standing outside the house, sadly watching the
merriment inside. Basilio chances upon Isagani and, warns him to go away because
the lighted lamp will soon explode. Upon learning the secret of the lamp, Isagani
realizes that her former girlfriend, Paulita was in grave danger. He rushes into the
house to save her life. He steals the lamp and hurls it into the river where it explodes.
The revolutionary plot was thus discovered.

P a g e | 184

1
Continuation…
Simoun eluded arrest by taking poison. As he is dying, he confesses to Padre

Florentino, revealing his true identity, his dastardly plan to use his wealth to avenge
himself, and his sinister aim to destroy his friends and enemies.
The confession of the dying Simoun is long and painful. It is already night when
Padre Florentino, wiping the sweat from his wrinkled brow, rises and begins to
meditate. He consoles the dying man saying: “God will forgive you Señor Simoun. He
knows that we are fallible. He has seen that you have suffered, and in ordaining that
the chastisement for your faults should come as death from the very ones you have
instigated to crime, we can see His infinite mercy. He has frustrated your plans one by
one, the best conceived, first by the death of Maria Clara, then by a lack of preparation,
then in some mysterious way. Let us bow to His will and render Him thanks!”
Watching Simoun die peacefully with a clear conscience and at peace with God.
Padre Florentino falls upon his knees and prays for the dead jeweler. He takes the
treasure chest and throws it into the sea; as the waves close over the sinking chest.
-END-
The novel along with its predecessor was banned in some parts of the
Philippines a result of their portrayals of the Spanish government’s abuse and
corruption. The novel along with Rizal’s in organizations that aim to address and reform
the Spanish system and its issues led to Rizal's exile to Dapitan and eventual
execution. Rizal's novels had a profound effect on Philippine society in terms of views
about national identity, the Catholic faith and its influence on Filipino's choice, and the
government's issues of corruption, abuse, and discrimination, and on a larger scale,
the issues related to the effect of colonization on people's lives and the cause for
independence.

P a g e | 185

1
Let’s Do It
“Meaning behind the Quotes”
Please read and understand the following quotes listed below which were taken from
the novel El Filibusterismo.
“You must shatter the vase to spread its perfume, and smite the rock to get the spark.”
“There are no tyrants where there are no slaves.”
“A lie among the stars is a comfortable lie.”
“The glory of saving a country doesn't mean having to use the measures that
contributed to its ruin!”
“We must win when we deserve it, by elevating reason and the dignity of the
individual, loving justice and the good and the great, even dying for it.”
“A revolution, woven in the dim light of mystery, has kept me from you. Another
revolution will return me to your arms, bring me back to life.”
“When a people hold onto its language, it holds onto a semblance of freedom, like a
man who holds onto his independence when he retains his own way of thinking.
Language is the thought of a people.”
“Would that I could die, reduce myself to nothing, leave a glorious name to my
country, die in the cause of defending it against a foreign invasion and afterwards the
sun will shine on my body like a permanent sentinel in these ocean rocks!”
“The God they preach about is pure invention, a trick. They're the first ones to not
believe in Him!”
Please write down 7 words that would describe the quotes above.
Here are the answers!
1. Peace
2. Intellect
3. Faith
4. Legacy
5. Patriotism
6. Oppression
7. Freedom
P a g e | 186

1
“Analyzing the Quotes”
After reading and understanding the different quotes listed in the previous page,
please choose three and briefly explain its impact and relevance to your life and current
situation.
1. “You must shatter the vase to spread its perfume, and smite the rock to get the
spark.”
Each one of us has our own talent and strength that is yet to be discovered.
The process of discovering those traits might be difficult to venture but along
the way of exploring our self we disclose it unconsciously. We tend to perceive
hardships as detrimental to our success, though difficulties and the challenges
might slow down the process of building our self, those are essential to bring
out the best in us. Problems in life might sometimes be harsh but we can use it
to our advantage depending on the approaches that we’ll use.
2. “The glory of saving a country doesn't mean having to use the measures that
contributed to its ruin!”
All problems have solutions, and those solutions are being conceptualized
keenly and thoroughly and requires various processes to consider and follow.
Creating another problem is not the solution to the existing problem. You can
always trace the roots of the problems but the requisites for its existence might
be use for the solution but are strongly not recommended. Violence might be
vague to solve if another violence may be created for the solution of that
violence. Diplomacy and peaceful interventions should be valued and
prioritized.

P a g e | 187

1

“Escramble”
Instruction: Please read the questions and choose the correct answer from the
terms with scrambled letters listed below. Write the correct term.
BIARRTZ CALAMBA GOMBURZA

VALENTIN VENTURA JOSE ALEJANDRINO BRUSSELS
EL FILIBUSTERISMO SUBVERSIVE FERDINAND BLUMENTRITT
THE REIGN OF THE GREED
1. ________________ The title of the novel which was written as the sequel of
Noli Me Tangere.
2. ________________ A place in the Philippines where Rizal started writing El
Filibusterismo.
3. ________________ A place in France where Rizal wrote the last few chapters
of El Filibusterismo.
4. ________________ It is another term for the novel El Filibusterismo.
5. ________________ Rizal’s roommate in Belgium who canvassed printing
press for El Filibusterismo.
6. ________________ Rizal’s friend who partially financed the publication of El
Filibusterismo.
7. ________________ It is another term for the word “filibuster”.
8. ________________ The acronym for the three martyred priests whom El
Filibusterismo was dedicated.
9. ________________ Rizal’s friend whom he defined the term “filibustero”.
10. ________________ A place in Belgium where Rizal considered to have less
distractions and cheaper cost of living.

P a g e | 188

1
Let’s Sum It Up
To sum up your learnings from all the topics under the lesson “The Writing of El
Filibusterismo and the Social Condition of the Philippines”, please answer the following:
WHAT?
What have you

learned from the
lesson? •gf
SO WHAT?
What are your

realizations and
conclusions based
from those
learnings?
NOW WHAT?
What are you

now that you have
acquired full
understanding with
the lesson?

P a g e | 189

1

Additional Information about the topic.
1. Watch the video on YouTube entitled “El Filibusterismo: A Quick Summary”.

In this 12-minute video, the short summary of the novel is presented and as
well as ideas about the different events occurred in the novel. Please refer to
the link below.
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fE39aANHDhE
Bibliography
Faelagmao J. (2016). Summary of Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo. Retrieved

from https://janfaelagmao0021.wordpress.com/2016/03/06/summary-of-noli-
me-tangere/
Manebog, J. (2013). The El Filibusterismo. Retrieved from
https://ourhappyschool.com/journalism/el-
filibusterismo#:~:text=Rizal%20started%20writing%20El%20Filibusterismo,so
%2Dcalled%20Calamba%20agrarian%20trouble.
Rosales, L. (2014). El Filibusterismo. Prezi.com. Retrived from
https://prezi.com/ws3nu5bj7ynq/el-filibusterismo/
Sichrovsky, H. (1983/1987). Ferdinand Blumentritt: An Austrian Life for the
Philippines. Retrieved from
https://www.univie.ac.at/Voelkerkunde/apsis/aufi/rizal/har-fili.htm
Internet Source
https://www.google.com/search?q=original+cover+of+el+filibusterismo&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=PoLAAJfmGytzTM%2
52CSqNJrzsxRrp_hM%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_-
kT_jNlJHFZGSC1Bt8taixrSz7rOaQ&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjx6ZTXktnsAhULyYsBHRjLCD4Q9QF6BAgUECE&biw=1366&bih=625#imgr
c=6VJxnDbT6bxGoM
https://www.google.com/search?q=Jose+Alejandrino&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiim5rh3NvsAhXVyYsBHXPk
Ba0Q_AUoAXoECB0QAw&biw=1366&bih=625#imgrc=-RfRT81xYYGFqM
https://www.google.com/search?q=Valentin+Ventura&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiFv8P73dvsAhUUxosBHXP4AJYQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=Valentin+Ventura&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzICCAAyAggAMgQIABAYMgQIABAYMgQIABAYMgQIABAYUABYAGBGa
ABwAHgAgAHqAogB6gKSAQMzLTGYAQCgAQGqAQtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZ8ABAQ&sclient=img&ei=ubibX8X-
L5SMr7wP8_CDsAk&bih=625&biw=1366#imgrc=1PZkylFoV9-3iM
https://www.google.com/search?q=Blumentritt&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjQuZHe6NvsAhUE95QKHYzbAycQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=Blumentritt&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzICCAAyAggAMgIIADICCAAyAggAMgIIADICCAAyAggAMgIIADICCAA6BQgAEL
EDUOrmN1jn9Tdgwfc3aABwAHgBgAGQA4gB8AqSAQc4LjIuNC0xmAEAoAEBqgELZ3dzLXdpei1pbWfAAQE&sclient=img&ei=BMSb
X9CnOYTu0wSMt4-4Ag&bih=625&biw=1366#imgrc=tZZg6PPBH0448M
https://www.google.com/search?q=GomBurZa&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjXhvb24dvsAhUyHKYKHRI-BjMQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=GomBurZa&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzIFCAAQsQMyBQgAELEDMgIIADICCAAyAggAMgIIADICCAAyAggAMgIIADICCA
A6BwgAELEDEEM6BAgAEEM6CAgAELEDEIMBUM3bygJY6YPLAmCmhcsCaARwAHgAgAHtAogBvAqSAQczLjMuMC4ymAEAoAEBqg
ELZ3dzLXdpei1pbWfAAQE&sclient=img&ei=4bybX5eSNbK4mAWS_JiYAw&bih=625&biw=1366#imgrc=KtaX_UThotFaGM&imgdii
=Se6XaPnPNhQQXM
P a g e | 190
Characters in El Filibusterismo
`
LESSON 2
(3HOURS)
LEARNING OUTCOMES
UNIT 6: El Filibusterismo: Content, Context and Its Continuing Relevance

• Compare and contrast the characters, plot, and themes of Noli

Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo.
• Examine conditions of the Philippine society through the
different scenes as well as the current events through the eyes
of the characters.
INTRODUCTION
aristocracy behind poverty and abuse of the colonialists. The novel has
awakened the spirits of the Filipinos in hopes to free themselves from
the constrains of a partial and conditional sovereignty. However, the
novel angered the Spanish government which resulted for it to be
Moreover, this lesson will discuss the various themes portrayed
by El Filibusterismo as well the different characters and scenes, and
compare those concepts to the prequel of the novel which was the Noli
Me Tangere. Also, this lesson will tackle the situation of the Philippine
society from the novel’s point and dissect the relevance of the functions
of the characters to the present conditions experience by Filipinos.
P a g e | 191
UNIT
LESSON •Characters in El Filibusterismo
6
2
Let’s Look Back
Instruction:The following literary works with short description below were written by
Dr. Jose Rizal. Please read and analyze the following literary works.
TITLE DESCRIPTION
This literary piece gives an insight into the romantic relationship of Rizal
Goodbye to and his beloved, Leonor Rivera. The two met when in the province of
Leonor Dagupan when Rivera was only 13-years-old. Rivera’s parents were not in
favor of their relationship and though distance separated them, the two
kept in touch by sending letters and photographs to each other.
Addressed to the Filipino women, Rizal reflects his inheritance and issues
reminders to Filipino women. In his letter, he addresses all kinds of
To The Young Filipino women – mothers, wives, and even the single women.
Women of Throughout this literary piece, he highlights the qualities that Filipino
Malolos mothers should possess, the duties of wives to their husbands and
children, and a counsel on how young women should choose their
lifetime partners.
Driven by his undying love for his country, Rizal wrote the novel to expose
the ills of Philippine society during the Spanish colonial era. At the time,
Noli Me the Spaniards prohibited the Filipinos from reading the controversial book
Tangere because of the unlawful acts depicted in the novel. Yet they were not able
to ban it completely and as more Filipinos read the book, it opened their
eyes to the truth that they were being manhandled by the friars.
This is Rizal’s sequel to his first book, Noli Me Tángere. In El
Filibusterismo, the novel exhibits a dark theme (as opposed to the
El hopeful atmosphere in the first novel) in which it depicts the country’s
Filibusterismo issues and how the protagonist attempts a reform. The story takes place
13 years after Noli Me Tángere, where revolutionary protagonist
Crisostomo Ibarra is now under the guise of Simoun – a wealthy jewelry
tycoon.
After being associated with the Katipuneros, Rizal was arrested and later
Mi Ultimo sentenced to death by firing squad for acts of sedition and rebellion.
Adios During his final days in Fort Santiago of Manila, Rizal bid farewell to his
motherland and countrymen through letters. Mi último adiós or My Last
Farewell is one of the few last works that Rizal wrote.

P a g e | 192
UNIT
6
2
Direction: In connection to the various literary works of Rizal presented in the previous
page, please conceptualize a literary work of your own and discuss it by creating a title
and providing a short background about the work. Please use the space below.
_________________________________
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________.

P a g e | 193
UNIT
6
2
Let’s Discover
Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo constitute Rizal’s major contribution to

Philippine letters which are similar and also different in some ways. The two novels are
similar primarily in their author, Rizal. Another, in a way that they both talk about how
Spaniards abused the Filipinos, the abuse of the church of their power and the
discrimination on Filipinos. Both Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo shows strong
anti-Clerical and even anti-Catholic color. They convey one story because the latter is
published in sequel or continuation. Both novels are also similar in terms of the
purpose, aim, and as well as the main character.
These two most famous and important novels of Jose Rizal have been
rhetorically in which it becomes a rich source of insights apropos to the history, culture
and beliefs from long time ago during Spanish colonization who had colonized the
Philippines for more than 30 decades. This has always been the most important part in
Filipino history like a last piece in a jigsaw puzzle that completes us where it brings
honor in our forefathers’ land. It unleashed the rudeness, selfishness, and unfairness
towards the Filipinos who’s supposed to be the ones who lives freely and be the ones
who leads, should be in the position and not become slaves. Those destruction, chaos,
racism and injustices caused by the Spaniards wherein the Filipinos suffered for long
of their lives. Jose Rizal didn’t bother even if it puts his life at stake as long as he for
his beloved country and countrymen, he will fight and reveal the truths. Two forces
working for the freedom of the country with faith, patriotism, love and bravery.
These two novels helped awaken the Filipinos to fought for their freedom and
stand with their right. It had made a realization that war does not necessarily have to
end through means of violence, it could always be ended peacefully, through words
and maybe even forgiveness. Words are far stronger than any gun. Vengeance is not
ours, it’s God. Evilness is at every corner but thou shall not fear because good will
always prevail.

P a g e | 194
UNIT
6
2
Let’s Discover
Noli Me Tangere Characters
Name Role/s
Also known in his full name as Juan Crisóstomo Ibarra y Magsalin, a
Filipino who studied in Europe for 7 years, the love interest of Maria
Crisostomo Ibarra Clara. Son of the deceased Don Rafael Ibarra; Crisostomo changed
his surname from Eibarramendia to Ibarra, from his ancestor's
surname.
Ibarra's mysterious friend, a master boater, also a fugitive. He was
referred to at one point as the pilot. He wants to revolutionize his
Elias country. Ibarra's grandfather condemned his grandfather of burning
a warehouse, making Elias the fugitive he is.
Maria Clara María Clara de los Santos, Ibarra's sweetheart; the illegitimate
daughter of Father Dámaso and Pía Alba.
Father Damaso Also known in his full name as Dámaso Verdolagas, Franciscan friar
and María Clara's biological father.
Don Filipo A close relative of Ibarra, and a Filibuster.
Linares A distant nephew of Don Tiburcio de Espadana, the would-be fiance
of Maria Clara.
Captain Pablo The Leader of the rebels, whose family was destroyed because of
the Spanish.
Tacilio and Bruno Whose father was killed by the Spaniards.
Brothers
Sisa The mother of Basilio and Crispín, who went insane after losing her
sons
Basilio The elder son of Sisa.
Crispin The younger son of Sisa who died from the punishment from the
soldiers from the false accusation of stealing an amount of money.
Padre Sibayla Hernando de la Sibyla, a Filipino friar. He is described as short and
has fair skin.
Kapitan Tiago Also known in his fullname as Don Santiago de los Santos the known
father of María Clara but not the real one; lives in Binondo.
Padre Salvi Also known in his full name as Bernardo Salví, a secret admirer of
María Clara.
The Alferez Chief of the Guardia Civil; mortal enemy of the priests for the power
in San Diego.
Pilosopo Tasyo Also known as Don Anastasio, portrayed in the novel as a pessimist,
cynic, and mad by his neighbors.

P a g e | 195
UNIT
6
2
El Filibusterismo Characters
Name Role/s
Simoun Crisóstomo Ibarra reincarnated as a wealthy jeweler, bent on starting
a revolution.
Basilio Sisa's son, now an aspiring doctor.
Poet and Basilio's best friend; portrayed as emotional and reactive;
Isagani Paulita Gómez' boyfriend before being dumped for fellow student
Juanito Peláez.
Telesforo Juan de Dios, a former cabeza de barangay (barangay
Kabesang Tales head) who resurfaced as the feared Luzón bandit Matanglawin
(Tagalog for Hawkeye); his father, Old Man Selo, dies eventually
after his own son Tano, who became a guardia civil, unknowingly
shoots his grandfather in an encounter.
Custodio de Salazar y Sánchez de Monteredondo, a famous
journalist who was asked by the students about his decision for the
Don Custodio Academia de Castellano. In reality, he is quite an ordinary fellow
who married a rich woman in order to be a member of Manila's high
society.
The girlfriend of Isagani and the niece of Doña Victorina, the old
India who passes herself off as a Peninsular, who is the wife of the
Paulita Gomez quack doctor Tiburcio de Espadaña. In the end, she and Juanito
Peláez are wed, and she dumps Isagani, believing that she will have
no future if she marries him.
Isagani's godfather, and a secular priest; was engaged to be married,
Father Florentino but chose the priesthood instead, the story hinting at the
ambivalence of his decision as he chooses an assignment to a
remote place, living in solitude near the sea.
Huli Juliana de Dios, the girlfriend of Basilio, and the youngest daughter
of Kabesang Tales.
Ben Zayb Abraham Ibañez is his real name. He is a journalist who thinks he is
the only one thinking in the Philippines.
Placido Penitente A student of the University of Santo Tomas who is always miserable,
and therefore controls his temper.
Quiroga A Chinese businessman who dreamt of being a consul of a Consulate
of China in the Philippines. He hid Simoun's weapons inside his
house.
Father Fernandez The priest-friend of Isagani. He promised to Isagani that he and the
other priests will give in to the students' demands.
Attorney Pasta One of the great lawyers of mid-Hispanic Manila
Padre Sibyla Hernando de la Sibyla, a Filipino friar and now vice-rector of the
University of Santo Tomas (U.S.T.)
Old Man Selo Father of Kabesang Tales. He raised the sick and young Basilio after
his mother Sisa had died.
P a g e | 196
UNIT
6
2
Comparative Analysis of Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo
Points Noli Me Tangere El Filibusterismo

Plot "Noli Me Tangere" is a 19th The hero of El Filibusterismo is a rich
Century novel by Jose Rizal that jeweler named Simoun. He was
dramatically showcases the Crisostomo Ibarra of the Noli, who, with
persecution of a socialite in the Elias’ help, escaped from the pursuing
Philippines by religious hypocrisy soldiers at Laguna de Bay, dug up his
and corruption. Rizal’s main buried treasure, and fled to Cuba where
character, Juan Crisóstomo Ibarra he became rich and befriended many
y Magsalin, has returned to the Spanish officials. After many years he
Philippines from abroad. He is at returned to the Philippines, where he
first surrounded by good friends, a freely moved around. He is a powerful
beautiful fiancée and a supportive figure not only because he is a rich
upper class, but a priest with a jeweler but also because he is a good
vendetta against Ibarra’s late friend and adviser of the governor
father torments him. general.
Message The message of Noli Me Tangere, The message of the novel is clear: the
where the revolution was standing present system of governing the
appreciation of the natural rights Philippines through corrupt and self-
of the Filipino. Became the subject seeking officials, dominated by the friars
of a talk by Simoun and Basilio's and being submissive to their interests
"Hispanization of right," which is in one fashion or another, can only lead
about changing the native and to disaster for Spain. By its nature and
foreign way of life. Simoun operation, the system without doubt
insisted that compelled the drives all intelligent, generous,
Filipino regain their native hardworking, courageous, and loyal
character. citizens, even those most devoted to
Spain, into opposition, crime, and
subversion.
P a g e | 197
UNIT
6
2
Setting The setting is 19th century in the The story El Filibusterismo is set in the
Philippines during the latter years of Philippines. It is about a wealthy Cuban
the country as Spain's only colony in jeweler who goes to the Philippines in
Asia. an attempt to work for the governor
general, but he is planning to start a
revolution against the authorities.
El Filibusterismo, together with the Noli Me Tangere, is again said to have

sparked the revolution against Spain in 1896. In it, Rizal presented the dilemma faced
by the country as the people groaned under the foreign oppressor: to revolt would only
lead to a change of masters, while to do nothing would keep the nation enslaved for
generations. Rizal proposes a better way, through Father Florentino as he speaks to
the dying Simoun: educate the natives, and when they shall have reached that stage
where they would be willing to die for their principles, God Himself will supply the
weapon, and “liberty will shine, like the first dawn.”

P a g e | 198
UNIT
6
2
Let’s Do It
Word Hunt!
Please study and analyze the word puzzle below. List down 8 names of the characters
in Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo that can be found in the puzzle. Let us hunt
the words together.
C C Z X Q S I S A T
L R X L U A P I G I
J I I O I L L O O B
A S R S L V R R D I
R P O R O I A R A B
A I S A V S X U F A
L N E I E W T N U S
C L C N N T Z O I I
A O A E D A U K M L
I R R F L L G S P O
R D A H U L I A R K
A J B O V W W I S S
M S I M O U N P N I
1. Maria Clara
(Now it’s your turn to look for the other characters in the Puzzle)
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

P a g e | 199
UNIT
6
2

Activity: After studying the different characters and as well as analyzing the plot
through the summaries of the two novels presented in the previous lessons, what
ending would you like to propose if given the chance to revise the novel? Please write
down your thoughts/ideas on the blank space provided below.
Let’s discuss you answer here!
At the end of the novel, Simoun/Ibarra find Padre Florentino and confesses
his entire story to him. He even hands the priest all his riches before finally passing
away. Padre Florentino takes these treasures and tosses them into the ocean as a
symbol of us not being ready for the transformative power of these riches but, hopefully,
we will be in the future. It would have been more satisfying if Simoun did not die and
was able to recover and accomplished his plans. We are used to stories with a “happily
ever after” ending but with regards to the novel, though the ending might be tragic, it
would be less disappointing if before Simoun died, at least he was happy knowing that
he succeeded with his plans.

P a g e | 200
UNIT
6
2

“True or False”
Instruction: Please read and analyze the questions below and identify whether the
questions/statements are either TRUE or FALSE.
1. _______ Father Florentino is Isagani’s God father.

2. _______ Huli is the girlfriend of Basilio.
3. _______ Elias is the eldest son of Sisa.
4. _______ One of the secret admirers of Maria Clara is Padre Salvi.
5. _______ The Alvarez are close to the priests in San Diego because of their
power.
6. _______ Don Filipo is the leader of the rebels, whose family was destroyed
because of the Spanish.
7. _______ Ben Zayb was a Chinese businessman who dreamt of being a consul
of a Consulate of China in the Philippines.
8. _______ Quiroga was a journalist who thinks he is the only one thinking in the
Philippines.
9. _______ Basilio was an aspiring lawyer.
10. _______ Crisostomo Ibarra reincarnated as a wealthy farmer who owned vast
lands in the area.
11. _______ Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo have the same main character.
12. _______ Sisa went insane after losing his sons.
13. _______ The father of Tacilio and Bruno were killed by Spaniards.
14. _______ Paulita Gomez is the girlfriend of Isagani.
15. _______ Don Custodio adopted the young Basilio after his mother Sisa died.

P a g e | 201
UNIT
6
2
Let’s Sum It Up
To sum up your learnings from all the topics under the lesson “Characters in El
Filibusterismo”, please answer the following:
WHAT?
What have you

learned from the
lesson? •gf
SO WHAT?
What are your

realizations and
conclusions based
from those
learnings?
NOW WHAT?
What are you

now that you have
acquired full
understanding with
the lesson?

P a g e | 202
UNIT
6
2

Additional Information about the topic.
1. Watch the video in YouTube entitled “Paano Inihambing ang Noli Me Tangere
Sa El Filibusterismo?t”. In this video, it discusses various salient points to
consider in comparing the novel Noli Me Tangere and its sequel El
Filibusterismo. Please refer to the link below.
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YFohD-Ta8zU
Bibliography
Galvez, J. (2016). Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo Summary with a Reflection.

Retrieved from https://janinekarlablog.wordpress.com/2016/03/06/noli-me-
tangere-and-el-filibusterismo-summary-with-a-reflection/
Parnada, J. (2017). Comparative Analysis of Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo.
Retrieved from https://idoc.pub/documents/comparative-analysis-of-noli-me-
tangere-and-el-filibusterismo-wl1pw6zepjlj
(N.A.). (N.D.). Rizal: A Product of His Own Era – Book Review: Noli and Fili. Retieved
from https://kaspil123.wordpress.com/writings/
(N.A.). (2016). Comparison of Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo. Retrieved from
https://mindanaofilmsmil.wordpress.com/2017/02/24/the-philippines-journey-
to-metamorphosis/

P a g e | 203
UNIT 6 :El Filibusterismo : Content and Context POST-TEST
1.What was the profession of Crisostomo Ibarra when he reincarnated as Simoun?

A. Wealthy Jeweler C. Doctor
B. Lawyer D. Professor
2. Who is the girlfriend of Isagani and the niece of Donya Victorina?
A. Paulita Gomez C. Maria Clara
B. Huli D. Sisa
3. Who is Sisa’s eldest son who aspires to become a doctor?
B. Isagani D. Simoun
4. He is Isagani's godfather, and a secular priest; was engaged to be married, but chose
the priesthood instead.
5. Which among the following is true about Basilio after his mother Sisa died?
A. He went insane and lived in the streets.
B. He end his own life by hanging himself.
C. He killed a Spanish civil guard and was imprisoned.
D.He was adopted by Old Man Selo.
6. He was the man chosen by Paulita Gomez over Isagani.
7. What was the reason why Sisa went insane?
A. Her house was burnt to ashes by an unidentified person.
B. She was robbed and traumatized by the incident.
C. She lost her sons.
D. She was diagnosed of an incurable illness.
8. Which among the following is the reason why Crispin died from the punishment of
Spanish soldiers?
A. He was accused of killing a Spanish civil guard.
B. He was accused of stealing money.
C. He was accused of falsification of documents.
D. He was accused of selling low quality gun for a high price.
9. He promised to Isagani that he and the other priests will give in to the students'
demands.
10. A Chinese businessman who dreamt of being a consul of a Consulate of China in
the Philippines

P a g e | 204
UNIT 6 :El Filibusterismo : Content and Context POST-TEST
11.What year did Rizal start writing the novel El Filibustrismo?

A. 1884 C. 1888
B. 1887 D. 1885
12. It is the meaning of the term “filibustero”.
A. Subversive C. Submissive
B. Submitted D. Substitute
13. What is the prequel of the novel El Filibusterismo?.
A. Noli Me Tangere C. Junto Al Pasig
B. Mi ultimo Adios D. A La Juventud Filipina
14. Who is the roommate of Rizal in Belgium who canvassed printing press for El
Filibusterismo?
A. Graciano Lopez Jaena C. Julio Llorente
B. Jose Alejandrino D. Pedro A. Paterno
15. Which among the following is true about the novel El Filibusterismo?
A. It was published after Rizal was executed.
B. The Spanish government was delighted to the point of honoring Rizal.
C. Rizal started writing the novel in the Philippines and finished it abroad.
D. The novel’s overall concept was from one of Rizal’s friend,
16. It is the acronym for the three priests for whom El Filibusterismo was written and
dedicated
A. GomBaZo C. GomBaZe
B. GeMoZa D. GomBurZa
17. What was the reason why El Filibusterismo was banned in some parts of the
Philippines?
A. It portrays corruption and abuse by the country’s Spanish government and
clergy.
B. It was not written in Spanish.
C. It was a plagiarized novel.
D. It was sold in a very high price.
18. Which among the following is the objective of Rizal for writing and publishing El
Filibusterismo?
A. To showcase his talent in writing.
B. To defend Filipino People from foreign accusations of foolishness and lack of
knowledge.
C. To improve his mastery in Spanish language.
D. To prove to his friends that he is far more better than them in terms of
writing.
19. What is the other term used for El Filibusterismo?
A. The Departed Chronicles C. Praising the Warriors
B. Unwanted Revolution D. The Reign of the Greed
20. What year did Rizal finish writing El Filibusterismo?
A. 1890 C. 1891
B. 1892 D. 1889

P a g e | 205
UNIT 6: El Filibusterismo : Content and Context POST-TEST

P a g e 206
UNIT
IDEALISM AND IDEOLOGY IN
RIZAL’S POETRY AND PROSE 7
The Unit 7 of this module will discuss about the
idealism and ideology in Rizal’s Poetry and Prose. The
topic was mainly focused on the letter of Rizal’s to the
Young Women of Malolos.
When Spaniard came into the Philippines, they

brought with them their patriarchal values about women
which eventually diffused into the culture of the Filipinos.
The role of the Women in the society was confined
exclusively to housekeeping and child rearing but with the
power of 20 Women from Malolos the patriarchal values
was disregarded, and Women’s right was seen. The
Women form Malolos stood up and fought for their rights
have access to education. They just proved that Filipino
women is not just a housekeeper but also a woman who
carries a torch with light to empower and to influence the
Women of today’s generation.

P a g e 207
UNIT 8: IDEALISM AND EDIOLOGY IN RIZAL’S POETRY AND PROSE PRE-TEST
RIZAL’S POETRY AND PROSE
answer is not provided, shade letter E. Use the answer sheet provided on page
208. Strictly no erasures.
1.Which of the following statements is true about Rizal’s letter to the Young Women
of Malolos?
a. The letter was written in Spanish language
b. The letter was written upon the request of his friend Melchora Aquino.
c. The letter was written to address the political outrage caused by the group of 20
young Women of malolos who made a petitioned to open a night school to study the
Spanish language and be equal with men.
d. All the above.
2.Where did Rizal Wrote the Historical letter?

a. Paris b. London
c. Manila d. Laguna
3. What was the main objective of Rizal in writing a letter to the young Women of
Malolos
a. The letter was written to address the political outrage caused by the group of 20
young Women of Malolos.
b. The letter was written to encourage the women to make a secret group to fight
against the Spanish government.
c. The letter was written to praise the good deeds shown by the women of Malolos in
helping their community.
d. None of the above
4.When did Rizal Wrote the letter to The Young Women of Malolos?
a. February 17, 1889 b. February 18, 1889
c. February 28, 1889 d. February 1, 1889
5.To the Young Women of Malolos” was originally written in what language?
a. English b. Spanish
c. Tagalog d. Bisaya
6.It is an essay written by Rizal to honor the bravery of the Filipino Women.
a.To the Filipino Youth b.To the young Women of Malolos
c. Ang Gamu-Gamu d. None of the above
7.He requested Rizal to make a letter.

a. Marcelo Garcia
b. Marcelo H. Del Pilar
c. Marcelo Luna
d. Marce lito Pumoy

P a g e 208
8. When did Dr. Jose Rizal send the letter for transmittal to Malolos?
a. February 23, 1889 b. February 22, 1889
c. February 26, 1889 d. February 19, 1889
9. He wrote the letter “To the Young Wowen of Malolos?
a. Juan Luna b. Apolinario Mabini
c. Carlo Katigbak d. Jose Rizal
10. Rizal’s Letter to the Young Woem of Malolos is an example of ______?

a. Drama b. Prose
c. Poetry d. Stage Paly

P a g e | 209
TO THE YOUNG WOMEN OF MALOLOS

LESSON 1
(3 HOURS)
LEARNING OUTCOMES
UNIT VII: IDEALISM AND IDIOLOGY IN RIZAL’

• Analyze Rizal’s letter to the young women of Malolos and
reflected on the different messages it brings.
• Discuss why did Rizal dedicated his letter to the Young Women
of Malolos.
INTRODUCTION
S POETRY AND PROSE
Mga Kababayan Dalaga ng Malolos (English: To the Young Women

of Malolos ) is a letter written by Dr. Jose Rizal intended to the
young Women of Malolos in 1889. The letter was written to
addressed the political outrage caused by the group of 20 young
Women of malolos who made a petitioned to open a night school to
study the Spanish language and be equal with men.

P a g e | 210
UNIT
LESSON • To the Young Women of Malolos VII
1
Let’s Look Back

“The Women of the Past and of the Present”
Compare and contrast the attitudes and characteristics of today’s women and the
past. Make a Venn diagram that shows its differences and likeness. Do you think
there’s a lot of changes occurred?
Venn diagram
Past Present
Similarities

P a g e | 211
UNIT
1
Write it Down!
Based on the previous activity let’s answer the following question:
a. Do you find it easy in identifying the attitudes and characteristics of today’s
women and from the past?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
b. What do you think are the similarities that we can infer from the women of the
Past and of the Present?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
c. Do you think there’s a lot of changes occurred?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
d. Do you think there is a difference between the role of Women form the past
and in the present? (Give Examples)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Women in the society plays a major role not only for child rearing activities but also
engaging or participating themselves in any issues that our society encountered. As a
woman it is evident that they can led a society to become a better place to live. Hold
on as we discover more about historic letter of Jose Rizal to the Young Women of
malolos.

P a g e | 212
UNIT
LESSON • To the Young Women of Malolos
chukkkkkkk
VII
1
Let’s Discover
Background
“To the Young Women of Malolos” was originally written in Tagalog.
The letter of Rizal to The Young Women of Malolos was marked in the History of
our country. The letter was addressed to all kinds of Women- (Mothers, wives, the
unmarried etc.) from Malolos who were sought for a reform.
• Jose Rizal Wrote the Historic letter “To the young Women of Malolos” when he
was in London. And this was written upon the request of his friend Marcelo H.
Del Pilar.
• On December 12, 1888 the day were 20 young women of Malolos made a
petition addressed to the Governor-General Wesley asking for the Governor’s
approval to open a Night school that permits the young women to study Spanish
under the supervision of Teodoro Sandiko.
• The petitioned that was made by a group of 20 young Women of Malolos was
objected by Father Felipe Garcia. So, the governor-general would turn down
and disapprove the said petition.
• However, with their strong conviction and perseverance the women of malolos
stood up and continued what they have planned. The group of Women was
succeeded in obtaining the government approval in a condition that the teacher
who will supervise them is Senyorita Guadalupe Reyes.
• Del Pilar, who were in Barcelona, heard the news about the action made by the
young Women of Malolos. Then he wrote a letter addressed to Jose Rizal on
February 17, 1889, requesting to send a letter written in Tagalog language
intended to the courageous women of Malolos.
• The letter was sent by Rizal to Del Pilar and on February 22, 1889 the letter was
handed to the young women of Malolos.
Salient Points contained in the letter are as follows:
a. There was a rejection of spiritual authority among the friars-because not all
of the priests were embodied by the true spirit of Christ and his church.
Majority of the priest were corrupted by a worldly desire and they used
worldly methods that gave impact to the mind of the people and by having
forced discipline among the people.
b. They wanted to defend themselves on the private judgment.
c. Rizal included in his letter about the qualities that a Filipino mother need to
possess- as a proof by this portion of his letter, Rizal was greatly
commenced the welfare of the Filipino children and the homes they grew up
and reared by a Filipino Mother.

P a g e | 213
UNIT
1
Let’s Discover
d. discussed on his letter about the duties and responsibilities of a Filipino
Rizal mother towards their children.
e. Rizal mentioned also about the duties and responsibilities of a wife to her
husband. It was said that Filipino Woman are submissive, loving, caring and
tender by nature. Rizal made his own stand on how Filipino women ought
to be as wives to preserve our identity as a Filipino.
f. To counsel the young women on their choices in looking for a lifetime
partner.
Rizal’s Message to the Filipino Women
• It was clearly discussed on the letter that Rizal was greatly impressed on the
bravery of the Women of Malolos.
• Rizal expresses on his letter that he was greatly satisfied about that action that
was taken by the group of 20 Women of Malolos.
• It was noticed that Rizal’s goal was to inform the Filipino women should have
the same opportunities as those received by men in terms of education.
• Rizal highlighted on his letter about the freedom of thought and the right to have
good education.
• It was also included in his message that Boys and Girls in the society must have
equal rights and opportunities.
Responsibilities of Filipino Mother to their Children
• Rizal recognizes some of the salient points about the responsibilities of Filipino
Mother to their Children.
• The attitude of the child is depending on how his/her parents treated them.
• Mother should perform their duties and responsibilities as a mother to their
children.
• They must satisfy the important needs of their children.
Qualities that a Filipino Mother must Possess According to Rizal
• To be a wife you need to be worthy, strong, serve and loves your husband. In
short be a noble wife.
• A mother should raise their children in the service of the state-With this
statement Rizal recognizes the qualities of spartan women on how they rear
their children.
• A Mother must set a standard of behavior.

P a g e | 214
UNIT
1
Let’s Discover
Rizal’s advice to unmarried Women
Jose Rizal gave a manly advice to unmarried Women that they should not be
easily taken by the physical appearance, because looks can be deceiving. Instead,
women should take heed of men’s firmness of character and with their lofty ideas. In
addition, Rizal pointed out the three important things that a young woman must look for
a man that is capable to treat her as his wife and a lifetime partner.
1. A man should have a noble and honored name
2. He must possess a manly heart
3. He must have the high spirit for he is incapable of being satisfied with
engendering salves.

P a g e | 215
UNIT
1
Let’s Do It
True or False
Direction: Read each statement below carefully. Place T on the line if you think the
statement is True. Place F on the line if you think the statement is False.
______1. Antonio Luna requested Rizal to write a congratulatory letter to the
young Women of Malolos.
______2. The young Women of Malolos made a petition for the establishment
of a night School in Malolos.
______3. The letter of Rizal to the Young Women of Malolos was written in
English language.
______4. The group of 20 young Women of malolos made a petition addressed
to the Governor-Heneral Luna asking for the Governor’s approval to open a
Night school that permits the young women to study Spanish under the
supervision of Teodoro Sandiko.
______5. Rizal recognizes the qualities of spartan women on how they rear
their children.
The correct answer for item number 1 is False. Jose Rizal Wrote the
Historic letter “To the young Women of Malolos” when he was in London
and this was written upon the request of his friend Marcelo H. Del Pilar.
The correct answer for item number 2 is True. On December 12, 1888
the day were 20 young women of Malolos made a petition addressed to
the Governor-Heneral Wesley asking for the Governor’s approval to
open a Night school that permits the young women to study Spanish
under the supervision of Teodoro Sandiko.
The correct answer for item number 3 is False. “To the Young
Women of Malolos” was originally written in Tagalog.
The correct answer for item number 4 is False. The petition was
addressed to the Governor-Heneral Wesley asking for the Governor’s
approval to open a Night school that permits the young women to study
Spanish language.
The correct answer for item number 5 is True. Rizal recognizes the
qualities of the spartan Women in regards on how they trained their
children.

P a g e | 216
UNIT
LESSON • To the Young Women of Malolos VIII
1

Matching Type:
Direction: Match column A with the correct answer on column B, write only the
letter on the space provided for the following considerations.
Column A Column B
____1. Rizal’s Message to the a. A man should have a noble and
Filipino Women. honored name.
b. Women must have an equal
rights and opportunities with
____2. Responsibilities of Filipino men.
Mothers to their children. c. A Mother must perform her
duties and responsibilities as a
mother and must satisfy the
____3. Qualities that a Filipino important needs of her children.
Mother have to Possess.
d. Be a noble wife
e. Supported the aspirations of the
____4. Teodoro Sandiko Women of Malolos and offered
to teach language but it would
be done secretly.
____5. Rizal’s advice to the f. Woman must look for a man
unmarried Women that is capable to treat her as his
wife and a lifetime partner.

B 1. Women must have an equal rights and opportunities with men was Rizal’s
message to the Filipino Women.
C 2. Responsibilities of Filipino Mothers to their children is to satisfy the important
basic needs of their children.
D 3. To be a wife you need to be worthy, strong, serve and loves your husband. In
short be a noble wife was one of the qualities that a Filipino mother have to
possess.
E 4. Teodoro Sandiko was the one who supported the aspirations of the Women of
Malolos and offered to teach language but it would be done secretly.
F 5. Woman must look for a man that is capable to treat her as his wife and a lifetime
partner was one Rizal’s advice to the unmarried Women.

P a g e | 217
UNIT
1

Analysis:
The text was taken from the original Version of the letter to the Young Women
of Malolos and it was written in Tagalog language by Jose Rizal.
Direction: Analyze the given text and identify the main point of Rizal’s message to the
Young Women of Malolos. Write your answer on the answer sheet provided.
Malaki ngang bahagya ang katungkulang gaganapin ng babae sapag kat

bihis ng hirap ng bayan, ngunit ang lahat na ito ay di hihigit sa lakas at loob ng
babaeng tagalog. Talastas ng lahat ang kapangyarihan at galling ng babae sa
Filipinas, kaya nga kanilang binulag, iginapus at iniyuko ang loob, panatag sila at
habang ang iba naman ay alipin at maaalipin din naman lahat ng mga anak. Ito
ang dahilan ng pagkalugami ng Asya; ang babae sa Asya ay mangmang at alipin.
Makapangyarihan ang Europa at Amerika dahil dou’y ang babae ay malayat
marunong, dilat ang isip at malakas ang loob.
Please refer you answer to the Rubrics below.

Rubric:
Above expectations Meets Below
(10) Expectations (8) Expectations (5)
Organized There is proper Proper introduction, Format is not
introduction, introduction, body, body and conclusion, properly followed.
body, conclusion, clearly there is coherence of
conclusion written, easy to read thoughts but needs
and there is coherence re-reading to
of thoughts. understand.
Explanation is Expressed insights Ideas and thoughts
Depth of explained clearly, clearly and are not consistent
insight supported with details analytically but not and not explained
and expressed supported well with clearly.
analytical skill based on details and facts.
facts.
Clearly articulates the Cited the connection The experience
Coherence of connection of the between the learning does not connect to
the content content and learning and real experience the lesson learned.
from the course from but not articulated
real experience and well.
lessons learned.

P a g e | 218
UNIT
1

Answer Sheet on Your Analysis.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

P a g e | 219
UNIT
1
Let’s Some It Up
Reflection: Take a moment to reflect on the things that you have learned in this
lesson and answer the following question.
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
What is your _______________________________________________
most significant _______________________________________________
learnings from _______________________________________________
this lesson? _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
Why is it the most
______________________________________________
significant
learnings for you? ______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
How are you _______________________________________________

going to apply _______________________________________________
this significant _______________________________________________
learning in your _______________________________________________
current life? _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________

P a g e | 220
UNIT
1

Further Readings
http://joserizal.nhcp.gov.ph/Writings/Other/malolos_english.htm
http://thelifeandworksofrizal.blogspot.com/2011/08/to-young-women-of-malolos-
summary-and.html
http://www.slideshare.net/ferdzxtoots/a-letter-to-the-women-on-malolos
https://kwentongebabuhayrizal.blogspot.com/2013/07/to-young-women-of-malolos-
full-copy.html
Bibliography
M.C. Romero; J.R. Sta Romana & L.Y. Santos (2006). Rizal and the Development of
National Consciousness. Goodwill Trading Co.,Inc. p. 104. ISBN 978-971-574-103-3
Internet Source
http://joserizal.nhcp.gov.ph/Writings/Other/malolos_english.htm
http://thelifeandworksofrizal.blogspot.com/2011/08/to-young-women-of-malolos-
summary-and.html
http://www.slideshare.net/ferdzxtoots/a-letter-to-the-women-on-malolos
https://kwentongebabuhayrizal.blogspot.com/2013/07/to-young-women-of-malolos-
full-copy.html

P a g e | 221
UNIT 1: IDEALISM AND EDIOLOGY IN RIZAL’S POETRY AND PROSE POST-TEST

;
1. Rizal’s Letter to the Young Woem of Malolos is an example of ______?

a. Drama b. Prose
c. Poetry d. Stage Paly
2. When did Dr. Jose Rizal send the letter for transmittal to Malolos?
a. Feb. 23, 1889
b. Feb. 21, 1889
c. Feb. 23, 1889
3. Who requested Rizal to make a letter addressing the bravery of 20 Young

Women form Malolos?
a. Antio Luna
b. Jose P. Laurel
c. Marcelo Del Pilar
d. Claro M. Hamaybay
4. Which of the following is an act that shows a patriotic deed?

a. Soldiers were devoted themselves to protect its people and the nation.
b. Soldiers were devoted themselves to join in the military in order protect their
own property
c. Soldiers were devoted themselves to protect our country and become an
ally of china.
d. Soldiers were devoted themselves to protect our country and for their
personal interest.
5. It is an essay written by Rizal to honor the bravery of the Filipino Women.

a. To beautiful ladies of Bulacan
b. To the young Women of Tagbilaran
c. To the Women of Malolos
d. To the young Women of Malolos
6. To the Young Women of Malolos” was originally written in what language?

I. Rizal wrote the letter in Spanish Language
II. Rizal Wrote the letter in Visaya language
III. Rizal wrote the letter in taglish
IV. Rizal wrote the letter in tagalog
a. I, II, III and IV
b. III only
c. IV only
d. I and III
P a g e | 222
7. When did Rizal Wrote the letter to The Young Women of Malolos?
a. February 18, 1889
b. February 28, 1889
c. February 17, 1889
8. Which of the following objectives is True, why Rizal wrote a letter for the
women of malolos?
a. The letter was written to praise the good deeds shown by the women of
Malolos in helping their community.
b. The letter was written to praise the love of for religion shown by the
women of Malolos in helping their community.
c. The letter was written to encourage the women to make a secret group to
fight against the Spanish government.
d. The letter was written to address the political outrage caused by the group
of 20 young Women of Malolos.
9. Where did Rizal Wrote the Historical letter?

a. London
b. Laguna
c. Manila
d. Paris
10. Which of the following statements is False about Rizal’s letter to the Young
Women of Malolos?
a. The letter was written in Spanish Language.
b. The letter was written to address the political outrage caused by the group
of 20 young Women of malolos.
c. The letter was written upon the Request of Marcelo H. Del Pilar

P a g e | 223

P a g e 224
UNIT
The Concept of Hero and Heroism
8
Philippine history has seen many men and women
who left their mark on our nation. In the consciousness
of many Filipinos, they are considered heroes. But what
does it mean to be a hero?
This Unit will explore that question by examining views

and opinions on Bayani and Kabayanihan in the context
of Philippine History and Societay. I need a hero. I'm
holding out for a hero till the end of the night. He's gotta
strong and he's gotta cruel, and he's gotta fresh from the
fight. I need hero.

P a g e 225
UNIT 8: The Concept of Hero and Heroism PRE-TEST
1. Why is Rizal dubbed as an ‘ambivalent’ Hero?

a. He was a mason and anti-Catholic church.
b. He was venerated as Philippine National hero yet there is no legal basis for it.
c. He allegedly retracted his works and ideas.
d. He never made a clear stand in the revolution.
2. What is Jose Rizal’s most significant legacy to the Filipinos at present time?
a. His achievements
b. His idea of non-violent revolution
c. His ideas on patriotism and nationalism
d. His literary works
3. Which statements is TRUE about the selection of the Philippine National Hero?
I. Heroes are proclaimed based on their significant contributions in nation-
building.
II. The position of National Hero is based from people’s continue veneration
of the person.
III. The different time periods in the country’s history must be considered in
the selection of National Hero.
a. Statement I only.
b. Statement II only.
c. Statement III only.
d. All statements are true.
4. The following statement are the main characteristics of hero. EXCEPT one.
a. They risked their very being for the sake of others rather than for their own glory.
b. They fight for their own risks and to save only their selves.
c. They performed outstanding deeds.
d. They were all victims.
5. Which of the following is NOT the definition of the word HERO?

a. A prominent or central personage taking admirable part in any remarkable
action or event.
b. A person of distinguished valor or enterprise in danger.
c. Heroic conduct especially as exhibited in fulfilling a high purpose or attaining a
noble end.
d. A man honored after death by public worship, because of exceptional service
to mankind.

P a g e 226
6. She is the first female leader of the Filipino movement for Independence from Spain.
a. Gabriela Silang
b. Gregoria De Jesus
c. Teresa Magbanua
d. Melchora Aquino
.7. How did Rizal express his love for the Philippines?
a. By using his aggressiveness to fight in the battle.

b. Through his novels, essays and articles.
c. Fought for freedom in an agsive way.
d. Fighting for reforms through a revolution.
8. He is one of the Datus of MActan in Visayas who killed the portugese explorer Ferdinand
Magellan during the battle of MActan in April 27, 1521.
a. General Antonio Luna
b. Apolinario MAbini
c. Lapu-Lapu
d. General Gregorio Del Pilar
9. Which of the following statements is TRUE for the concept of hero and heroism in Japan.
a. The mythological hero was Jesus. His death in agony on the cross presents him as a
classic hero.
b. Robert Graves, an authority on Greek culture, derived the word hero from the great
goddess Hera and it means Hera’s Glory.
c. Yamato Take’s heroic figure was found, who was the son of the king and was accredited
with slaying the dangerous serpent of Omi.
d. Athenian Theseus is one of the most famous Greek heroes who sailed from his city to
Crete to fight against the Minotaur.
10. How did Rizal express his love for the Philippines?
a. Through his novels, essays and articles.
b. Fighting for reforms through a revolution.
c. Fought for freedom in an aggressive way.
d. By using his aggressiveness to fight in the battle.

P a g e 227

P a g e | 228
The Concept of Hero and Heroism

LESSON 1
(3 HOURS)
UNIT 8: JOSE RIZAL AND PHILIPPINE NATIONALISM

LEARNING OUTCOMES
• Interpret the views and opinion about Bayani and Kabayanihan

in the context of Philippine History and Society.
• Assess the concepts of Bayani and Kabayanihan in the context
of Philippine Society.
INTRODUCTION
We, as a Filipino are used to look for someone to idolize, it’s

either a politician or a saint or a model and so many more. Someone
that we could glorify and imitate. In our current state, many Filipino
are being acknowledged as heroes, like if the individual is popular
in a particular event or win in the boxing match is given a title “hero”.
As the time comes, the standard of defining the word hero is
deteriorating.
Before giving the title “hero” to anyone we should ask
ourselves these: Will are forefathers who gave their lives for freedom
will insulted this? Are these the Filipinos we’ll look up for the
guidance through the times, aren’t our children losing the true
meaning of heroism by our doings?
But what is really the true meaning of the words “hero and
heroism”? In this unit, the meaning of Bayani and Kabayanihan will
be introduce to you. Also, you will be guided to assess the concepts
of Bayani and Kabayanihan in the context of Philippine Society. And
lastly, you will interpret the views and opinion about Bayani and
Kabayanihan in the context of Philippine History and Society.

P a g e | 229
Bayani at Kabayanihan UNIT

LESSON
8
1
Let’s Look Back

YOU’RE MY HERO
In your own understanding, how do you define the word HERO?
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________.
Now that you already define and understand the meaning of the word hero, let’s put
your knowledge into practice.
Instruction: List the at least Three (3) Heroes that you may know that motivates and
inspires you.
Name your greatest hero

P a g e | 230
UNIT
Bayani at Kabayanihan
LESSON
8
1

Write it Down!
Based on your previous activity, answer the following questions.
1. Was the activity easy or hard? Why?

______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________.
2. What are the characteristics of the Heroes you have mention in the previous
activity?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________.
In the activity you have just done, you already knew some of the Heroes in the
Philippines. Also, you described some characteristics of a hero. In the next lesson, you
will learn the concept of Bayani and Kabayanihan in the context of Philippine society.
Let’s go and learn together about our HEROES.

P a g e | 231

LESSON
8
1
Let’s Discover
Definition of Bayani at Kabayanihan
BAYANI or HERO
According to Webster’s New International Dictionary of the English

Language, a hero is a “prominent or central personage taking admirable part in any
remarkable action or event”. Also, “a person of distinguished valor or enterprise in
danger”. A man “honored after death by public worship, because of exceptional service
to mankind.
KABAYANIHAN or HEROISM
It comes from Greek heros, which refereed to a demigod. As someone who shows
great courage and valor is referred to as a hero, their actions are considered to be
acts of heroism. 19th century lawyer Robert Green Ingersoll said, “When the will
defies fear, when the duty throws the gauntlet down to fate, when honor scorns to
compromise with death – that is heroism.”
CONCEPT OF A HERO
The concepts of hero and heroism seems to have existed in all cultures on earth,
in many forms and varieties. The word itself has probably appeared first in Ancient
Greece, where it was combined in the name of one of the greatest heroes of all
times: Heracles.
ANCIENT GREECE
According to Robert Graves, who was an authority on Greek culture, the name is
derived from that of the great goddess Hera and it means “Hera’s Glory.” Heracles,
then, lived, acted and died in the name and for the glory of that goddess.
Athenian Theseus is one of the most famous Greek heroes who sailed from his
city to Crete to fight against the Minotaur and save his young countrymen and
women, who were supposed to be sacrificed to a monster.
The important feature of life of a hero is being described in the book of Graves
which is “dies not just to glorify his mother goddess but to save his people – the tribe
of which he is chief – from all their yearly sins and all possible punishments”.

P a g e | 232

LESSON
8
1
JAPAN
Another heroic figure found on that site is the Japanese Yamato Take, who
was the son of a king and was accredited with slaying the dangerous serpent of
Omi. Similar deeds were performed by many heroes, including Heracles. According
to Graves, again, this is a conventional part of the feats of the seasonal Hero
CHRISTIANS
The last of the mythological heroes was Jesus, who is connected with the
Sun in his character, as shown by the date of his birth on December 25th, just a few
days after the astronomical “birth” of the sun in December 21st. Jesus crucified in a
cross is an act of being a hero. Jesus’ heroism was not apparent in physical powers
but in doing miracles. Jesus was a classic victim – like Heracles, he went up after
his death to heaven, to become a proper deity.
1. They performed outstanding deeds.

2. They risked their very being for the sake of others rather than for
their own glory.
3. They were all victims.

P a g e | 233
UNIT
LESSON • Bayani at Kabayanihan 8
1
Rizal is our greatest hero because, as a towering figure

in the Propaganda campaign, he took an “admirable part” in the
movement which roughly covered the 1882 – 1896. His writings
contributed tremendously to the formation of Filipino nationality. He is also a “man
honored after death by public worship, because of exceptional services to mankind”.
And no Filipino has yet been born to equal or surpass Rizal as a “person of
distinguished valor or enterprise in danger, or fortitude in suffering”.
He fought for freedom in a silent but powerful way. Expressed his love for
the Philippines through his novels, essays and articles rather through the use of
aggression. He was a very amazing person at his time. He was humble fighting for
reforms through his writings instead of a revolution. He used his intelligence, talents
and skills in a more peaceful way rather than the aggressive way.
Rizal is an American sponsored hero: he opted for a nonviolence reform in
the government. Instead he used his writings to open the eyes of the Filipinos. He
dedicated his life for his countrymen without hesitation.
WHO MADE RIZAL OUR FOREMOST NATIONAL HERO, AND WHY?
Dr. Jose Rizal is unquestionably the greatest hero & martyr of our nation.
The day of his birth and the day of his execution are fittingly commemorated by all
classes of our people throughout the length and breadth of this country and even by
Filipinos and their friends abroad.
Typical of the encomiumis that the hero received for his novel were Grom
Antonio Ma. Regidor& Prof Ferdinand Blumentritt, said that “the book was superior
& that if” Don ouixote has made its as Trol. Ferdinand Blumentritt, Regidor. A Filipino
exile of 1872 immortal because he exposed to the world the sufferings of Spain,
your Noli Me Tangere will bring you equal Glory. After reading Rizals Noli Me
tangere, Blumentritt congratulated the Author saying among other things. “Your work
has been written with the blood of the heart. Your work has exceeded my hopes and
consider myself happy to have been honored by our friendship. Not only I, but also
your country, may feel happy for having in you a patriotic & loyal son. If you continue
so, you will be one of those great men who will exercise a determinative influence
over the progress of hteir spiritual life.”
If Rizal’s friends & admirers praises with justifiable pride the Noli and its
author, his enemies were equally loud and bitter in attacking & condemning the
same. The proponents and oppenents of the Rizal Law engaged themselves in a
bitter and long drawn out debate the finally resulted in the enactment of a
compromise measure, now known as RA 1412.
P a g e | 234
UNIT
1
The Attacks on Rizal’s 1 novel were not only confined in the Philippines but
were also staged in the Spanish capital. There Sen. Vida, Deputy (ex general) Luis
de Pando & Premier Praxedes Mateo Sagasta were among those who unjustly
lambasted & criticized Rizal and his Noli in the 2 chambers of the Spanish Cortes in
1888 & 1889. It is comforting to learn however, that about 13 years later, Cong.
Henry Allen Cooper of Wiscosin delivered a eulogy of Rizal and even recited the
martyr’s Ultimo Pensamiento on the floor of the US House of representatives in
order to prove the capacity of the Filipinos for self-government. He said in part: “It
has been said that, if American Institution had done over to or nothing else to furnish
to the world the character of George Washington, that alone would entitle them to
the respect of mankind. So, sir I say to all those denounces the Filipinos
indiscriminately as barbarians and savages, without possibility of a civilized future
that is despised race proved itself entitled to their respect & to the respect of mankind
when it furnished to the world the character of Jose Rizal.” The result of this appeal
was the approval of what is popularly known as the Philippine bill of 1902.
No Filipino has yet been born who could equal or surpass Rizal as a ‘person
of distinguished valor or enterprise in danger, fortitude in suffering.” Dr. Frank C.
Laubach, an American biographer of Rizal, spoke of the hero’s great courage. To
the bigoted Spaniards in Spain in the Philippines, Rizal was the most intelligent,
most courageous and most dangerous enemy of the reactionaries and the tyrants.
Rizal passed the Criteria for National Heroes

1. Heroes are those who have concept of nation and thereafter aspire and
struggle for the nation’s freedom. In reality however, a revolution has no end.
Revolutions are only the beginning. One cannot aspire to be free only to sink
back into bandage.
2. Heroes are those who define and contribute to a system or life of freedom
and order for a nation. Freedom without order will only lead to anarchy.
Therefore heroes are those to make the nations constitution and laws. To
the latter, constitutions are only the beginning, for it is the people living under
the constitution that truly constitute a nation.
3. Heroes are those who contribute to the quality of life and destiny of nation.
(Defined by Dr. Onofre D. Corpuz)/
“On this battlefield man has no better weapon than his intelligence, no other force
but his heart.” – Jose Rizal

P a g e | 235
BAYANI AT KABAYANIHAN UNIT

LESSON
8
1
THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL HEROES
DR. JOSE P. RIZAL (1861 – 1896)

Philippine National Hero and Pride of Malayan race. He was
born in Calamba, Laguna on June 19, 1861. His masterpiece
Noli Me Tangere was published in Berlin ( Germany in 1887 and
El Filibusterismo in Ghent (Belgium) in 1891. His two novels
stirred the conscience of his people. He contributed literary
works to La Solidaridad.
EMILIO AGUINALDO (1899-1964)

He was born in Cawit Cavite, on March 22, 1869. On January
23, 1899 he officially proclaimed the Philippine Independence
in Malolos, Bulacan, with him as a first President of the
Philippines. Aguinaldo led a Filipino insurrection against
Spanish rule in 1896, and two years later, during the Spanish
American war, he aided the American attack on the Philippine
Islands.
ANDRES BONIFACIO (1863-1897)

He was born in Manila in 1863. He founded the Secret Society,
Katipunan, on July 7, 1982 to fight Spain. He was also the
President of the Tagalog Republic from August 24, 1896 to May
10, 1897. By the mid-1880s, he had become a fervent Filipino
Nationalist; when Jose Rizal established the La Liga Filipina in
1892, Bonifcio was one of its first members.
APOLINARIO MABINI (1864-1903)

Born in Talaga, Tanuan, Batangas on June 22, 1864. Sublime
paralytic and the Brain of Revolution. He joined La Liga Filipina
in 1892 and Agunaldo’s revolutionary government from June
1898 – May 1899. He was captured by the American forces in
December 1899 and deported to Guam in January 1901. He
died in Manila on May 13 1903.

P a g e | 236

LESSON
8
1
MARCELO H. DEL PILAR (1850-1896)

He was born on August 30, 1850 in Kupang, Bulacan. A Political
V
Analyst of Filipino Colony in Spain. In 1882, he founded the
nationalistic Newspaper, Diariong Tagalog. InDecember 1889,
he became the editor of La Solidaridad and become the moving
spirit behind the propaganda movement. Died on July 4, 1896.
JUAN LUNA (1857-1899)

Born in Badoc, Ilocos, Norte on October 23, 1857. He is a
genius of the Brush and patriot of the highest order. Creator of
the world-famous order painting, SPOLARIUM, which was
awarded the gold medal in the Exposicion Nacional De Bellas
Artes in Madrid in 1884. It is also known as the greatest painting
of all times.
LAPU-LAPU
Chief of Mactan who led the first successful Filipino armed
resistance against Spanish aggression. He fought and killed
Magellan in a battle in Mactan, on April 27, 1521.
MELCHORA AQUINO (1812-1919)

She was born in Banlat, Kaloocan Cit, on January 6, 1812.
Known as Tandang Sora. She helped the Katipuneros under
the leadership of Andres Bonifacio by providing them food,
shelter and other material goods. She is recognized as the
Grand Woman of the Revolution and the Mother of Balintawak.
She died on March 12, 1919.
GENERAL ANTONIO LUNA (1866-1899)

Born in Binondo, Manila, on October 29, 1866. He is the
greatest general of the Revolution. Younger brother of Juan
Luna, the famous painter. Editor of La Independencia, whose
first issue came out on September 3, 1898. He was one of the
Propagandists in Spain who were working for political reforms
in the Philippines. HE contributes article to Solidaridad. He was
assassinated in Cabanatuan City, on June 5, 1899.

P a g e | 237
s
LESSON
8
1
GABRIELA SILANG (1731-1763)

Filipino Revolutionary leader best known as the first female
leader of the Filipino movement for Independence from Spain.
She took over the reins of her husband Diego Silang’s
revolutionary movement after his assassination in 1763, leading
the Ilocano rebel movement for four months before she was
captured and executed.
GENERAL GREGORIO DEL PILAR (1875-1899)

Born on November 14, 1875, in Bulacan, Bulacan. Died on
December 2, 1899, in the battle of Tirad Pass, to enable
Aguinaldoto escapes from the Americans. He is the Hero of Tirad
Pass. One the the youngest and bravest generals ever produced
by the Philippines.
EMILIIO JACINTO (1875-1899)

Born in Trozo, Manila on December 15, 1875. Brains of the
Katipunan. He Joined the Katipunan in 1984 and became
Bonifacio’s trusted friend and adviser. He wrote the Kartilya ng
Katipunan, the primer of the Katipunan which embodied the
teachings of the organization. He founded and edited the
Katipunan newspaper, Kalayaan, whose first issue came out I
January 1896. Dien in April 16, 1899. He was one of the heroic
figures in Philippine History
GRACIANO LOPEZ-JAENA (1856-1896)

Founder of the first editor of the newspaper La Solidaridad, which
became the vehicle of expression for Filipino Propaganda in
Spain. Together with Jose Rizal and Marcelo H. Del Pilar, he
undertook propaganda campaign in Spain. Born in Jaro, Iloilo, on
December 18, 1856. He died on January 20, 1896, in Barcelona,
Spain.
GOMBURZA
Father Mariano Gomez, father Jose Burgos and Father Jacinto
Zamora are the three intellectuals who crusaded for reform.
Killed by Garote in Bagumbayan, Manila on February 17, 1872,
for allegedly intisgating the Cavite mutiny.

P a g e | 238
UNIT
1
Let’s Do It
Direction: Read the statement very carefully. Identify who is the Philippine National
hero being described. Write your answer in the space provide.
__________________1. He founded the secret society, Katipunan, on July 7, 1892 to

fight Spain.
__________________2. National Hero of the Philippines and Pride of Malayan Race.
__________________3. He is the Brain of Katipunan.
__________________4. His painting, SPOLARIUM became the most world-famous
painting and awarded gold medal in the Exposicion Nacional de
Bellas Artes in Madrid in 1884.
__________________5. He became the President of the Philippines. He officially
proclaimed the Philippine Independence in Malolos, Bulacan on
January 23, 1899.
__________________6. Political Analyst of the Filipino Colony in Spain.
__________________7. She is known as Tandang Sora because of her age during
the Revolution.
__________________8. Known as the first female leader of a Filipino Movement for
Independence from Spain.
__________________9. He is a Brain of revolution and Sublime paralytic.
__________________10. One of the youngest and bravest general ever produced by
Philippines. Hero of Tirad Pass.

P a g e | 239
UNIT
1
Let’s discuss your answers here.

1. ANDRES BONIFACIO founded the secret society, Katipunan, on July 7, 1892
to fight Spain.
2. DR. JOSE RIZAL is the National Hero of the Philippines and Pride of Malayan
Race.
3. EMILIO JACINTO is the Brain of Katipunan.
4. The painting of JUAN LUNA, SPOLARIUM became the most world-famous

painting and awarded gold medal in the Exposicion Nacional de Bellas Artes in
Madrid in 1884.
5. EMILIO AGUINALDO became the President of the Philippines. He officially

proclaimed the Philippine Independence in Malolos, Bulacan on January 23,
1899.
6. MARCELO H. DEL PILAR was the Political Analyst of the Filipino Colony in
Spain.
7. MELCHORA AQUINO is known as Tandang Sora because of her age during

the Revolution.
8. GABRIELA SILANG, known as the first female leader of a Filipino Movement

for Independence from Spain.
9. APOLINARIO MABINI is a Brain of revolution and Sublime paralytic.
10. GREGORIO DEL PILAR is one of the youngest and bravest general ever
produced by Philippines. Hero of Tirad Pass.

P a g e | 240
UNIT
Table 1
1

I AM YOUR HERO
Differentiate the word HERO and HEROISM.
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________.
Directions: Now that you’ve already knew the difference between the words HERO
and HEROISM, site some of heroic acts and achievements of Dr. Jose Rizal. Write
your answers in the circles provided.
Dr. Jose P. Rizal

P a g e | 241
UNIT
LESSON • Bayani at Kabayanihan
8
1

Activity : ESSAY
1. Think of a particular person whom you consider a hero? And Why?
Please use to the Rubrics below in making your Essay.

Rubric:
Above expectations Meets Below
(10) Expectations (8) Expectations (5)
Organized There is proper Proper introduction, Format is not
introduction, introduction, body, body and conclusion, properly followed.
body, conclusion, clearly there is coherence of
conclusion written, easy to read thoughts but needs
and there is coherence re-reading to
of thoughts. understand.
Explanation is Expressed insights Ideas and thoughts
Depth of explained clearly, clearly and are not consistent
insight supported with details analytically but not and not explained
and expressed supported well with clearly.
analytical skill based on details and facts.
facts.
Clearly articulates the Cited the connection The experience
Coherence of connection of the between the learning does not connect to
the content content and learning and real experience the lesson learned.
from the course from but not articulated
real experience and well.
lessons learned.

P a g e | 242
UNIT
8
1

Answer Sheet for your Essay
Title
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

P a g e | 243
UNIT
8
1
Let’s Sum It Up
IN FOCUS: Sum up what have you learned regarding the Bayani at Kabayanihan by
answering the questions below. Write your responses in the boxes provided.
What?
What have you learned
about the topic? •gf
So what?
Why are these learnings
relevant or significant for
you?
Now what?
How are you going to
apply the things you have
learned from this lesson
in your life?

P a g e | 244
UNIT
8
1

Further Readings
Please refer to the following links below for additional information about the topic.
https://myhero.com/jos%C3%A9-rizal
https://www.verywellmind.com/characteristics-of-heroism-2795943
https://greatergood.berkeley.edu/article/item/what_makes_a_hero
Bibliography
Ariola, M.M. (2008). The Life and Works of Rizal. Unlimited Books. Library
Servises and Publishing Inc.
Pangilinan M.C. (2016). Dr. Jose P. Rizal: Life, Works and Writings (Revised Edition).
Mimdshappers Co., Inc.
Internet References
http://drjoserizal.weebly.com/the-concept-of-hero-and-heroism.html
https://unveilingrizal.weebly.com/why-rizal.html
https://www.scribd.com/document/434202324/MODULE-CHAPTER-11-docx-links
https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/heroism

P a g e | 245
UNIT 8: Bayani at Kabayanihan POST-TEST
answer is not provided, shade letter E. Use the answer sheet provided on page
138. Strictly no erasures.
1. What is Jose Rizal’s most significant legacy to the Filipinos at present time?
a. His achievements
b. His literary works
c. His ideas on patriotism and nationalism
d. His idea of non-violent revolution
2. Which of the following is NOT the definition of the word HERO?

a. A prominent or central personage taking admirable part in any remarkable
action or event.
b. Heroic conduct especially as exhibited in fulfilling a high purpose or
attaining a noble end.
c. A person of distinguished valor or enterprise in danger.
d. A man honored after death by public worship, because of exceptional
service to mankind.
3. He is one of the Datus of MActan in Visayas who killed the portugese explorer
Ferdinand Magellan during the battle of MActan in April 27, 1521.
a. Lapu-Lapu
b. General Antonio Luna
c. General Gregorio Del Pilar
d. Apolinario MAbini
4. Which statements is TRUE about the selection of the Philippine National

Hero?
I. Heroes are proclaimed based on their significant contributions in
nation-building.
II. The position of National Hero is based from people’s continue
veneration of the person.
III. The different time periods in the country’s history must be considered
in the selection of National Hero.
a. Statement I only.
b. Statement II only.
c. Statement III only.
d. All statement are true.

P a g e | 246
5. How did Rizal express his love for the Philippines?

a. By using his aggressiveness to fight in the battle.
b. Through his novels, essays and articles.
c. Fighting for reforms through a revolution.
d. Fought for freedom in an agsive way.
6. She is the first female leader of the Filipino movement for Independence from
Spain.
a. Melchora Aquino
b. Gabriela Silang
c. Gregoria De Jesus
d. Teresa Magbanua
7. Which of the following statements is TRUE for the concept of hero and heroism
in Japan.
a. The mythological hero was Jesus. His death in agony on the cross
presents him as a classic hero.
b. Yamato Take’s heroic figure was found, who was the son of the king and
was accredited with slaying the dangerous serpent of Omi.
c. Athenian Theseus is one of the most famous Greek heroes who sailed
from his city to Crete to fight against the Minotaur.
d. Robert Graves, an authority on Greek culture, derived the word hero from
the great goddess Hera and it means Hera’s Glory.
8. Why is Rizal dubbed as an ‘ambivalent’ Hero?

a. He never made a clear stand in the revolution.
b. He was venerated as Philippine National hero yet there is no legal basis
for it.
c. He was a mason and anti-Catholic church.
d. He allegedly retracted his works and ideas.
9. Who congratulated Rizal saying that “Your work has been written with the
blood of the heart.”
a. Ferdinand Blumentritt
b. Henry Allan Cooper
c. Frank C. Laubach
d. Fernando Acevedo
10. The following statement are the main characteristics of hero. EXCEPT one.
a. They risked their very being for the sake of others rather than for their own
glory.
b. They performed outstanding deeds.
c. They were all victims.
d. They fight for their own risks and to save only their selves.

P a g e | 247

GEC 9 Final Module

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

You might also like

GEC 9 Final Module

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

GEC 9 Final Module

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

P age |i

CPSU QUALITY POLICY

• Continually improve its Quality Management System (QMS) at par with

STUDY SCHEDULE GEC 9

THE LIFE, WORKS AND WRITINGS OF RIZAL

Lesson 2: Noli after its first Publication

Week 9 ➢ Explaine the historical Activity 37: Let’s

STUDY SCHEDULE GEC 9

THE LIFE, WORKS AND WRITINGS OF RIZAL

TABLE OF CONTENTS GEC 9

THE LIFE, WORKS AND WRITINGS OF RIZAL Page

• CPSU VMGO and Quality Policy iii

Unit V. NOLI METANGERE: CONTEXT, CONTENT AND ITS 139

Lesson 1 To the young Women of Malolos 209

VIII: JOSE RIZAL AND PHILIPPINE NATIONALISM 224

Moreover, the novel Noli Me Tangere became a

GEC 9: THE LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL

UNIT 5: Noli Me Tangere: Content and Context PRE-TEST

GEC 9: THE LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL

UNIT 5: Noli Me Tangere: Content and Context PRE-TEST

UNIT 5: Noli Me Tangere: Content and Context PRE-TEST

GEC 9: THE LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL

UNIT 5: Noli Me Tangere: Content, Context and its Continuing Relevance

• Examine the present situation of the Philippines through the

•The Publication of Noli Me Tangere and UNIT

Let’s Look Back

GEC 9: THE LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL CAS-CPSU

•The Publication of Noli Me Tangere andUNIT

Let’s Analyze and Prepare

GEC 9: THE LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL CAS-CPSU

•The Publication of Noli Me Tangere andUNIT

GEC 9: THE LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL CAS-CPSU

•The Publication of Noli Me Tangere andUNIT

• Silhouette of a Filipina. - believed to be Maria Clara or as the "Inang Bayan" to

GEC 9: THE LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL CAS-CPSU

•The Publication of Noli Me Tangere andUNIT

Some of the Important Characters in the novel Noli Me Tangere

Name Fictional Photo Role

The former town curate of San Diego and

An influential businessman in San Diego

A fugitive living in San Diego. Enduring

GEC 9: THE LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL CAS-CPSU

•The Publication of Noli Me Tangere and UNIT

A Short Summary of Noli Me Tangere

The story begins at a party to welcome Crisóstomo Ibarra back to the

GEC 9: THE LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL CAS-CPSU

•The Publication of Noli Me Tangere andUNIT

• to defend Filipino people from foreign accusations of foolishness and lack

Moreover, it needs no discussion that the administration of political affairs

GEC 9: THE LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL CAS-CPSU

•The Publication of Noli Me Tangere and UNIT

“The words behind the Quotes”

“The example could encourage others who only fear to start.”

Here are the answers in our activity.

GEC 9: THE LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL CAS-CPSU

•The Publication of Noli Me Tangere andUNIT

Let’s Try Some More

“Analyzing the Qoutes”