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bag filter
Design and function of bag filter
A bag filter of ETM GmbH is designed as a fully automatic, heavy-load filter with online Pulsjet-
Jet cleaning. The filter housing is designed as a
welded steel construction with profiled steel
stiffeners. The welded hole plate for bags separates the raw and clean gas space. Under the raw
ETM GmbH gas dust collection
hopper are arranged. Each of the hoppers is equipped with a repair slide
valve on dust discharge. It is recommended a slide size of at least 400 x 400 mm. The dust-
Klausenerstr. 29 loaded flue gas is distributed over
the raw gas in the filter chambers. The housing is designed in
39112 Magdeburg multi-chamber design with butterfly valves. In the filter chamber the cylindrical filter bags are
arranged. The filter bags are flowed
through from outside to inside. As it flows through the filter
+49(0)391/562890
bags, the dust content of flue gases is largely retained and accumulates as a filter cake on the
info@envirgy.de surface of the filter bags. Support
cages, used in the bags used prevent the collapse of the filter
bags. The cleaned flue gas flows from the unfiltered gas side of the bag filter into
the interior of
the filter bags and thence into the clean gas chamber and the subsequent clean gas channel.
For uniform distribution of smoke and dust on the filter surface and to protect the filter
bags
against abrasion distribution and guide walls are provided in the entry area. The cleaning is
done by the pressure surge process (pulse-jet cleaning) by a cyclic, intensive pneumatic shock.
This
enables the filter bag briefly in overpressure during cleaning. The filter bags are inflated
briefly, the flow direction is reversed and replaced the filter cake. The support cage gives the
filter
bag the appropriate stability in the filtration phase. The cleaning cycles depend inter alia
on the filter surface load (flow rate per filter area and unit time), the gas density, the raw gas
and the
particle properties. The regeneration can be time-controlled or via fixed filter differential
pressures. Today, the cleaning control in the baghouse is done on microprocessor technology
and fieldbus
systems. In addition to controlling the membrane valves, the pneumatically or
electrically actuated raw and clean gas flaps are controlled and signals from field sensors (level,
temperature, etc.)
are processed. At timing of the pressure pulses there is a distinction between
a fixed timing and the differential pressure control with variable cycle times.

Design and maintenance of filter bags

The material for filter bag depends on the aggressiveness of the flue gas medium and the
temperature of the flue gas. Mostly needle felts (PI / PTFE needle felt or PI-needle felt PTFE
supporting
tissue) with PTFE surface equipment are used, as these materials achieve a longer
life than "naked" fabric. The filter bags are made up according to the conditions in the bag filter.
They get a double bottom and below a lateral duplication. Above the filter bags are provided
with a
snap ring and double bulge. The expansion of bags will be upwards. If it is necessary to
change the filter bags during operation, the affected chamber of the filter, in which the defective
bags are
situated, has to be insulated from the exhaust at the raw gas side and at the clean gas
side by special shut-off devices. The clean gas chamber lids are lifted by means of lifting gear
and driven
with a geared trolley aside. The defective filter bag can be changed or filter bags can
be closed by covers. To change the filter bags of a complete chamber or of the entire bag filter
the downtime for maintenance of the boiler system should be used or the boiler plant has to be
shut down.
Precoating of filter bags
When commissioning and during each start-up from the cold state a precoating of the filter bags
must be carried out with hydrated lime. Basically, there will be a separation of the filter medium
and dust to be deposited by a protective layer by precoating. The precoating serves an
additional protection of the filter media against chemical attacks and to improve the separation
behavior of the
bag filter at low raw gas and very fine dust particles. It is particularly important
to distribute the precoating material (hydrated lime) evenly on the not yet loaded filter medium
at
startup, to left this material on the filter bag and to store it there. The cleaning of filter bags
is therefore inadmissible during this time. It is recommended to apply 200 to 250 g / m² filter
area with running induced draft fan on the raw gas side but with switched of control. Only after
the warming up of the system via the gas or oil burner the cleaning is to put into operation
 according
to the setting. For precoating a hydrated lime / calcium hydroxide should be used
with a fineness of dx50 < 9 µm.

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