GLOBAL MARKETING

A STUDY OF THE BRAND ‘BIBA’ AND MARKET STRATEGIES TO ENTER GLOBAL

Submitted by:

Mahima(MFM/21/1161)

Vartika Verma(MFM/21/

Master of Fashion Management (M.F.M)

Submitted to: Mrs. Nikita

Submitted on- 18/11/2022

National Institute of Fashion Technology (NIFT)

Panchkula, Haryana 134107

http://www.nift.ac.in

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Table of Content

● Abstract
● Objective
● Introduction
● Research Method
● About the Brand
● History of Biba
● The people behind Biba
● Present and Future of Biba
● Inspiration of Biba
● Products
● Why Biba should go Global?
● Market entry
● South Africa
● Reasons to choose South Africa
● PESTEL Analysis
● EPRG Framework
● Entry Strategy
● Foreign Direct Investment
● The Dominance of Ethnic Wear’
● Biba Focusing On
● Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning
● Marketing Mix

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ABSTRACT

The purpose of this research is to study about a Brand, for which we have
chosen ‘BIBA’, home grew Indian fashion apparel brand. Also, to concentrate
on new market entry modes and strategies to enter a new Country market,
i.e, South Africa. This research further explains South Africa’s business
culture and the business environment. The aspects on regarding the market
entry which might make it possible for companies interested in doing
business in South Africa, by finding out the possibilities of doing business
there. So our research will shed a light on the Market analysis and the market
entry strategies. The aim of this thesis is to get familiar with the Brand, BIBA,
with its product range to market position, and the analysis of South
Africa(chosen country) with its PESTEL analysis and strategies. Further, the
research also explains the recommended Marketing Mix of the brand for the
further actions to be taken when entering into the new market.

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OBJECTIVE

● To study the Brand and its positioning in India.

● To study new market strategies for a specific Country. With the help of
PESTEL analysis and their policies for new busniesses to enter.
● To develop STP and marketing mix for the brand for the new market.
● To research and collect data.

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INTRODUCTION

Expanding the business to new markets allows you to reach potentially vast
numbers of new customers and grow revenue massively. However, the
process can be difficult and filled with complications.

A market entry strategy is a way of maximizing the chances of success when

moving into a new market. In this article, we’ll look at some of the reasons to
consider moving to a new market, the differences between domestic and
international markets, and some of the strategies.

Risks of entering a new market can be cultural risks, foreign exchange risks,
political risks, economical risks, etc.

Research Method

The research method of this thesis is a combination of different methods.

The internet is one of the great ways to get information. The approach has
been selected to achieve good overall results.

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About Biba

A home-grown fashion brand, started by Mrs. Meena Bindra in 1988. Since

then, it has become synonymous with ethnic wear in India. Along with a

humble sum of 8000 rupees when she set out to create the iconic brand Biba.

From using clean comfortable silhouettes to champion the modern Indian

woman.

Today Biba is

● BOLD

● FEARLESS

● TREND-SETTING

● STYLISH

● EFFORTLESS

It leveraged the popularity of affordable occasion wear and has built a

presence across 65 Indian cities with 375 points of sale, including 150

exclusive brand outlets and 225 multi-brand outlets.

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History of Biba

In 1982, Meena Brinda Started the company from her home in New Delhi. She

took an 8000 Rupees loan to start a small business. Some years later, Brinda

allowed her son, Sanjay, and Siddharth, to help her to manage the business.

In 2010, Sanay left Biba and started his own apparel business, Seven East.

Biba opened its first standalone store in Mumbai in 2004. Kishore Biyani’s

Future Group acquired a 6.5% stake in Biba in 2007. Future Group was

divested from Biba Apparels in 2013.

In 2014, Biba Apparels acquired a minority stake in the designer label, Anju

Modi.

Biba, in October b2014, launched its own e-commerce portal biba.in, to

leverage the country’s fast-growing e-commerce space. In order to tap the

vale segment market and the youth segment of tier 2 and 3 cities, a new line

of Indian wear under the brand Rangriti was launched by Biba in 2014.

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The People Behind Biba

Mrs. Meena Bindra pioneered the salwar-kurta revolution in the country and

united the women from the North to the South changing their dressing

styles. The ‘Punjabi suit’, as it used to be called, became an important part of

every woman’s wardrobe.

Her son, Siddharth, who joined the business in 1997, was inspired by her

perseverance during the fallow years that ensued. Together, Meena and

Siddharth have presided over a revenue growth of 35-40 percent in the last

eight years.

Turned their passion into a 600 Cr business by launching its designer clothes

venture Biba Apparels Private Limited.

Siddharth's real achievement lies in the fact that he’s successfully taken Biba’s

north Indian design sensibility to consumers pan-India.

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Present and future of Biba

Today BIBA is producing more than 8000 fabrics. The annual turnover of

BIBA today is 600 cr. In terms of the product line, they have launched BIBA

GIRLS, an ethnic wear collection for kids. They are also planning to launch

the unstitched fabrics in a big way every month. Inspired by India's rich

Indian indigenous art and craft, BIBA products are rendered unique through

a generous sprinkling of contemporary design elements.

Inspiration of Biba Apparels

Inspired by India’s rich indigenous art and crafts, Biba products are rendered

unique through a generous sprinkling of contemporary design elements.

Underscoring the sartorial elegance of Indian dresses infused with ingenious

styling elements the Biba ethnic wear collection are as plentiful as they are

unique.

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Products

● SKD - A wide range of ensembles in the Salwar Kameez and Dupatta

space that ranges from casuals, work wear, semi formal wear to

occasion wear

● Mix ‘n’ Match – A wide range of kurtas, tunics, dresses, and tops with

suitable leggings, salwars, churidars, knitted tights, and dupattas.

● KIDS-Targeting mix o casual and festive styles which meets everyday

casual needs as well as occasion wear.

● FABRICS – Ready to stitch fabrics from Indian craft and heritage.

● JEWELLERY – Quirky and traditional pieces for the urban woman

● FOOTWEAR – Fashionable Footwear to gel with the Indian wear

● BOTTOMWEAR – Stylish and comfortable line of bottom wear, ranging

from casual to festive to provide you the comfort as well as style

● ATHLEISURE – A range of yoga pants, stretchable pants, and leggings,.

● LOUNGEWEAR

● MASKS

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Why Biba Should go Global?

TEXTILES AND CRAFT: Meena Bindra is on to conquering another big

dream. “I want BIBA to be a global brand.

Indian fashion is known to evoke as beautifully designed prints with color

compositions and Indian fashion techniques have been appreciated all over

the world.

WIDE RANGE OF PRODUCTS: BIBA doing a lot more on designs in near

future blending contemporary aesthetics for the new age global consumers.

STRONG E-COMMERCE: BIBA started an independent e-commerce

operation through its Web site to target new customers, especially the NRI

community. Ammazon and BIBA sell through Flipkart, Jabong, yntra,

Shoppers Stop, and others.

After having made a mark in India, Biba is now planning to retail in South

Africa by 2023. Much like global fashion brands testing the waters in India

through e-commerce, Biba would test-market via online medium before

opening physical stores in these countries.

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Market Entry

Market entry is related to or defined as bringing a product or service to a

different target market or different customers that a company or

organization has never targeted before. During that process, the company

will analyze the barriers to entry, the costs, sales, who are there main

competitors, delivery, and what should be expected when entering the

market. Market entry is about studying and analyzing the market status of

the target by studying how good the market is, the potential, economic.

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South Africa

Africa is on the rise

The African continent is on the cusp of transformative growth, with

blossoming entrepreneurship and plenty of opportunities for smart

businesses.

The continent has been gradually transformed in the past 20 years.

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Good reasons to choose South Africa

● Africa is on the rise- Looking for growth opportunities? – Search no

further. The African continent is on the cusp of transformative growth,

with blossoming entrepreneurship and plenty of opportunities for

smart and simple business solutions. Africa is a 1.2bn-person market, a

number expected to double over the next 30 years. The continent has

been gradually transformed in the past 20 years, and if you haven’t

noticed you are not alone. Generally, business leaders tend to

overestimate the challenges of doing business in Africa and

underestimate the size and potential of the African continent. Thereby

not stating that the African markets are easy to do business in, but

emphasizing that they are worth the effort, and companies not

engaged in African markets risk losing out on one of the 21st century’s

great growth opportunities.

● Large economy in Africa- South Africa is the second largest economy

on the continent, only exceeded by Nigeria, which has more than three

times the population size. Over the past decade, South Africa has

experienced rapid change and is ranked by the World Bank as an

“upper middle-income country”. Of the more than 400 companies on

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 continents earning more than $1bn annually, about half are in South

Africa. The country is nevertheless highly divided, with a large part of

the population living in poverty. The division makes South Africa an

interesting economy with possibilities in many segments. The country

has a well-developed infrastructure and a world-class financial sector

to support business activities and is one of the highest-ranking African

countries on the ease of doing business index.

● Growing middle class- Since the fall of Apartheid South Africa has

experienced rapid economic growth, and in recent years South Africa’s

black middle class has expanded. This group’s purchasing power is

increasing, and the high and middle-income groups are expected to

rise with the country’s economic growth.

● Gateway to Sub-Saharan Africa- Not only is South Africa itself an

important emerging economy, but it is also the gateway to

Sub-Saharan markets, where its well-developed infrastructure allows

for transportation into Africa. The country is a regional leader and a

member of the BRICS collaboration. South Africa is a good place to

establish a business in the region, and many companies expand their

business activities from South Africa to the rest of the region.

● A green match- The development towards a sustainable future is of

high priority in South Africa, and many of the challenges facing South

Africa are solvable with Danish technology that ensures sustainability.

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 An example is the South African water sector, which Denmark has

supported since the fall of Apartheid in 1994. Today, Danish water

companies thrive in the South African market, as Denmark is a global

leader in water use and efficiency, and deliver solutions that save water

and energy.

● Growing population and insufficient status quo- Currently, water and

electricity coverage, along with housing, waste management,

infrastructure, and health care is insufficient to meet the needs of the

South African population. The population growth and urbanization in

South Africa will amplify current demand in the future, and the gaps

hold business opportunities for Danish companies. To learn about the

specific sectors click here.

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PESTEL Analysis

A PESTEL analysis is a strategic framework commonly used to

evaluate the business environment in which a firm operates.

Traditionally, the framework was referred to as a PEST analysis,

which was an acronym for Political, Economic, Social, and

Technological; in more recent history, the framework was extended

to include Environmental and Legal factors as well.

Political-

Broadly speaking, political factors are those driven by government

actions and policies. They include but are not limited to, considerations

like

● Corporate taxation

● Other fiscal policy initiatives

● Free trade disputes

● Antitrust and other anti-competition issues

South Africa is one of the most powerful countries in Africa and plays a

considerable role in the global economy and politics.

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 South Africa is a parliamentary republic with the president being both

the head of state and the head of government.

Pretoria is the administrative capital of South Africa, while Cape Town

is the legislative capital. Similarly, Bloemfontein is the judicial capital of

the country.

The neighboring countries of South Africa are Botswana, Mozambique,

Swaziland, Namibia, and Zimbabwe.

India-SA trade in 2019-2020 was at USD 9.380 billion with Indian

Exports and Indian Imports at USD 5.834 billion. From a continental

perspective, 44.7% of South Africa's total imports, and 32% of South

African exports were from/to Asian countries. The corporate tax rate

in South Africa is a flat rate of 28% for all companies.

Economical-

Economic factors relate to the broader economy and tend to be

expressly financial in nature. They include

● Interest rates

● Employment rates

● Inflation

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 ● Exchange rates

South Africa is the 42nd largest economy in the world in terms of

nominal GDP (Statistics times, 2020). The GDP stands at around 282

billion USD. South Africa has a system of mixed economies in place. It is

one of the five BRICKS, economic giants. BRICKS stands for Brazil,

Russia, India, China, and South Africa. South Africa exports gold,

diamonds, platinum, cars, metals and minerals, and machinery to a

number of countries, notably China, the UK, the United States,

Germany, India, and Saudi Arabia. Corporate income tax in South Africa

for both resident and non-resident companies is a flat 28% (PwC,

2020). However, small businesses pay a lower rate of tax. South African

assets are affordable in part due to the country's free-floating

exchange rate that allows the currency to adjust to global conditions –

making it a viable investment.

Social-

Social factors tend to be more difficult to quantify than economic ones.

They refer to shifts or evolutions in the ways that stakeholders

approach life and leisure, which in turn can impact commercial activity.

Examples of social factors include:

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 ● Demographic considerations

● Lifestyle trends

● Consumer beliefs

● Attitudes around working conditions

South Africa is often referred to as the ‘rainbow nation. The term to

describe South Africa’s multicultural diversity. There are 11 official

languages in the country and Christianity, Islam, and indigenous beliefs

are the major religions.

The current population of the country is around 59.7 million. Life

expectancy is estimated to be almost 64 years. Challenges: For

example, unemployment is high and the public health system is ailing.

South Africa remains a divided society with growing tensions between

immigrants. However, putting these challenges aside, South Africa

offers these days good business opportunities. People in general in the

country desire better education for their children, and faster economic

growth that offers great opportunities for both local and international

organizations.

Technology-

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In today’s business landscape, technology is everywhere – and it’s

changing rapidly. Management teams and analysts alike must

understand how technological factors may impact an organization or

an industry. They include but are not limited to

● Automation

● How research and development (R&D) may impact both costs and

competitive advantage

● Technology infrastructure (like 5G, IoT, etc.)

● Cyber security

South Africa is one of the most technologically advanced countries in

Africa. It has made enormous progress in mobile software, security

software, and electronic banking services (The International Trade

Administration, 2020). A number of international tech and social

networking companies already operate in South Africa often through

subsidiaries. Amazon, IBM, Microsoft, Facebook, LinkedIn, Intel, Dell,

Novell, and Apple are some of the companies that can be considered in

this regard. Online shopping is on the rise in South Africa.

Consequently, there are great opportunities for online retailers.

Likewise, due to a number of high-profile cyber-attacks and other

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 online vulnerabilities, demand for IT security products and software is

high as well.

Environmental-

Environmental factors emerged as a sensible addition to the original

PEST framework as the business community began to recognize that

changes to our physical environment can present material risks and

opportunities for organizations. Examples of environmental

considerations are

● Carbon footprint

● Climate change impacts, including physical and transition risks

● Increased incidences of extreme weather events

● Stewardship of natural resources (like fresh water)

South Africa is one of the most popular tourism destinations in the

world. The World Best City’ in 2016. Indeed, according to many sources,

Cape Town is regularly voted as one of the top holiday destinations in

the world for families, couples, and solo travellers. Abundant wildlife,

scenic beauty, impressive coastlines, brilliant penguin-filled beaches,

and whale watching, have all contributed to the development of South

Africa as a tourist destination. However, the country faces some

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 environmental challenges such as water pollution, air pollution, land

degradation, solid waste pollution, and deforestation.

Legal-

Legal factors are those that emerge from changes to the regulatory

environment, which may affect the broader economy, certain

industries, or even individual businesses within a specific sector. They

include but are not limited to

● Industry regulation

● Licenses and permits required to operate

● Employment and consumer protection laws

● Protection of IP (Intellectual Property)

Legal environment is the last element to discuss in the PESTEL analysis

of South Africa. South Africa encourages Foreign Direct Investment in

all sectors of the economy. However, there are some restrictions on

foreign shareholders in some sectors e.g. mining, defense, insurance,

broadcasting, telecommunications, and banking. Employees receive

fundamental protection in South Africa. The Employment Equity Act

1998 (EEA) aims to achieve equality in the workplace by promoting

equal opportunity and fair treatment in employment.

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 ERPG Framework

EPRG framework was introduced by Wind, Douglas, and Perlmutter focusing

on International marketing operations. It describes the different attitudes

that the management of a company has about International Markets.

The EPRG framework addresses the ways strategic decisions are made in the

company and what is the nature of the relationship between the company's

headquarters and its subsidiaries outside.

It consists of 4 stages and the framework states that companies operate in

one of the following four ways in International markets.

● Ethnocentric Approach- The subsidiary must comply with the default

policies and producers of headquarters.

● Regiocentric Approach- Regiocentric orientation is the belief that

countries existing in the same geographic region have economic,

social, cultural, or political similarities.

● Polycentric Approach- With a polycentric orientation, marketing

strategies are based on the economic, political, or cultural disparities

of the countries where subsidiaries are located.

● Geocentric Approach- Geocentric orientation means the company sees

the whole world as a potential market.

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Approach Adapted by Biba

● Biba will become a prominent example of a firm following a polycentric

approach. Having originated in India, its product in India is centered

around their local preference which is ethnic wear.

● The South African working force is estimated at 22.4 million persons, of

whom 14.5 million are working and 7.9 million are actively seeking work.

The working force represents 57% of the working-age population (ages

15-65).

● Biba extends its product portfolio from just being a women’s wear

ethnic brand to expanding its horizons in complete office wear with

Biba Office Wear and introducing this segment as well.

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Entry Strategy:

Licensing

A license is an official permission or permit to do, use, or own

something. A license is granted by a party to another party as an
element of an agreement between those parties.

Licensing is another alternative to market strategy modes that are

used. It permits or gives the right to market the products. During
proceeds the company needs a lawyer present, it is very important to
require legal assistance during these agreements. During these
proceeds, price agreements are negotiated with the licensee who ends
up paying a fee in order to achieve the rights to certain things.

The brand may choose this method with its products and the company
to which it plans to license the product has a large market.

In South Africa, there are a few different ways to register a business

name. The first way is by registering online on the Companies and
Intellectual Property Commission (CIPC) website.

Franchising

A franchise (or franchising) is a method of distributing products or

services involving a franchisor, who establishes the brand's trademark
or trade name and a business system, and a franchisee, who pays a
royalty and often an initial fee for the right to do business under the
franchisor's name and system.

A survey was conducted by the Franchise Association of South Africa

(FASA). Franchising in South Africa is well developed with over 550
franchised brands and close to 30,000 franchised outlets.

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Joint ventures

Another important strategy used when entering a new market is having

a JV, a local partner if the company is able to find a good one. A joint
venture is more like an agreement made by two parties or more of
some interest or goal. They are both responsible for losses, profits, and
costs.

Company-law rules (mainly the South African Companies Act) apply.

The members of a JV can freely regulate their rights and obligations
between each other within the JV, subject to certain restrictions.

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI):

Foreign direct investment (FDI) is a category of cross-border investment in
which an investor resident in one economy establishes a lasting interest in
and a significant degree of influence over an enterprise resident in another
economy.

Foreign investors who seek to establish a physical presence in South Africa

for the purpose of setting up new businesses typically establish a company to
serve as a subsidiary.

There are no restrictions on foreign investors incorporating a company as a

subsidiary (or otherwise) in South Africa under the Companies Act of 2008
(the Companies Act).

Most foreign investors incorporate a private company, which must have at

least one director and one shareholder. The directors of a private company
need not be South African.

South African government also has established the special economic zone
(SEZ) program by providing incentives for foreign investors.

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These incentives include a reduced rate of corporate income tax, building
allowances, a customs-controlled area, and tax relief, including tax incentives
designed to support both greenfield (i.e., new projects) and brownfield
investments (i.e., expansions or upgrades of existing industrial projects).

The Dominance of Ethnic wear

The women's end-user segment dominated the market for ethnic wear and
accounted for the largest revenue share of around 73.0% in 2020.

The women’s segment is projected to witness a CAGR of 6.6% over the

forecast period.

The rising female population and increase in the female workforce are the
factors contributing to the demand for ethnic wear worldwide.

For instance, according to The World Bank Group, the female labor force
participation rate in 2020 in Saudi Arabia was 19.77%.

Furthermore, according to Brookings Institution, the labor force

participation rate of Saudi women increased from 20% in 2018 to 33% in
2020.

Biba Focusing On
Over the years, the brand has not only grown in a number of outlets and its
presence in stores but also extended its product portfolio from just being a
women's wear ethnic brand to expanding its brand into South Africa.

So Biba has come a long way from being just another ethnic wear brand to
becoming the leading ethnic brand.

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The main markets of expansion at the moment are Tier 1 cities of South
Africa Pretoria, Johannesburg, Cape Town, and Durban as there is great
potential in these markets.

Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning

The STP marketing model (Segmentation, Targeting, Positioning) is a familiar
strategic approach in modern marketing. It is one of the most commonly
applied marketing models in practice, with marketing leaders crediting it for
efficient, streamlined communications practice.

Segmentation

The process of customer segmentation is all about identifying

distinctive and common traits between people in your market, which
allows you to develop much more relevant and engaging marketing
campaigns.

If you can use audience insights to identify a specific desire or need in

a group of people in your market, you will be able to focus your
message and deliver it in a way that has a much stronger impact than
broader marketing campaigns.

In fact, in saturated and mature markets, you may even discover new
opportunities, highlighting unique benefits to a segment that wasn’t
catered to by anyone else.

● Gender: Female
● Age: Women looking for classy ethnic Indian wear.
● Leading ethnic wear brand Biba Apparels has entered the mass
segment with the launch of its brand, ‘Rangriti.

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Target market

The next step is to look at the segments that you picked to identify the
best opportunities for your business.

First, you will need to look at the size of the segment, which will tell
you whether it’s worth pursuing. After all, the marketing opportunity
must be large enough to warrant running a campaign. Otherwise, it
simply won’t be worth the effort.

The next step is to look at whether there are significant markers that
set the segments apart; these can become the basis of an STP
marketing campaign.

● Women in the urban upper middle class.

● to capture the new generation of Indian women who aspire to
be confident, brave, and forward-thinking.

Positioning

Finally, consider positioning opportunities that will help you respond to

an unmet need or desire in your market that your product can fulfill.

Since you have tangible data about what segments of your audience
desire, you can use those insights to position your product and develop
a unique selling proposition, presenting the right message at the right
time.

● Trendy fashionable ethnic wear.

● To express their personal sense of fashion, style, and glamour.
Biba’s role in consumer’s life is to help them ‘shine on their
own silver screens’.

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Marketing MIX of BIBA
The four Ps classification for developing an effective marketing strategy was
first introduced in 1960 by marketing professor and author E. Jerome
McCarthy.

 epending on the industry and the target of the marketing plan, marketing
D
managers may take various approaches to each of the four Ps. Each element
can be examined independently, but in practice, they often are dependent on
one another.

PRODUCT:

This represents an item or service designed to satisfy customer needs

and wants. To effectively market a product or service, it's important to
identify what differentiates it from competing products or services. It's
also important to determine if other products or services can be
marketed in conjunction with it.

● Biba is one of the largest Indian fashion brand having several

stores across India. It is in the Indian ethnic wear category of the
fashion industry.
● It has a large collection of ethnic wear as a part of its marketing
mix product portfolio like kurtas, salwars, duppatas, churidars,
Patiala suits, jumpsuits, etc. Biba regularly launches new
collections of Indian wear like the Wedding collection, Haryanvi
kurta collection, etc.

PRICE:

The sale price of the product reflects what consumers are willing to
pay for it. Marketing professionals need to consider costs related to
research and development, manufacturing, marketing, and
distribution—otherwise known as cost-based pricing. Pricing based
primarily on consumers' perceived quality or value is known as
value-based pricing.

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 ● Biba has varied pricing for different kinds of products. It targets
both the mass and high-end markets with products available to
cater to both their needs.
● Biba has a competitive pricing strategy and follows it in different
segments integrating it with the market trends.
● It offers timely discounts on e-retailing websites like Myntra,
Flipkart, etc. to boost its sales figures and to match the
competitor's discount

Place and Distribution:

The type of product sold is important to consider when determining

areas of distribution. Basic consumer products, such as paper goods,
often are readily available in many stores. Premium consumer
products, however, typically are available only in select stores. Another
consideration is whether to place a product in a physical store, online,
or both.

● Biba is available through 150+ stores in 70 cities, apart from its

presence in all the major retail chains.
● Further expansion plans are there with 200 stores to come up in
a few years.
● Wide-spread presence online on various e-retailing websites like
Myntra, Flipkart, Amazon, etc.
● It has its own website and online portal to reach customers
online and spread awareness.
● Most of the sales through large-format multi-brand stores are on
sale.

Promotion:

Joint marketing campaigns also are called a promotional mix. Activities

might include advertising, sales promotion, personal selling, and public
relations. A key consideration should be for the budget assigned to the
marketing mix. Marketing professionals carefully construct a message

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that often incorporates details from the other three Ps when trying to
reach their target audience. Determination of the best mediums to
communicate the message and decisions about the frequency of the
communication also are important.

● The innovative marketing campaign is usually It's USP with a

recent “Change is Beautiful”.
● It regularly gives promotional discounts at various festivals like
Diwali, Dussehra, New Year, etc.
● Collaborative advertising with its online distribution partners like
Myntra when they give seasonal discounts.

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Reference
Ethnic Wear Market Size & Share Report, 2021-2028 (grandviewresearch.com)
https://in.fashionnetwork.com/news/Biba-apparels-eyeing-8-percent-mar
ket-share-in-ethnic-wear-with-expanded-distribution,1071814.html
https://whichfranchise.co.za/south-african-franchise-market/ final final
thesis2.pdf (theseus.fi) 6. good reasons to choose South Africa (um.dk)
PESTLE Analysis of South Africa

THANK YOU

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