1.1.

Pultrusion
In this manufacturing procedure, fibers are pulled out of a “creel board” and saturated with
epoxy before being fed through a liquid epoxy. After that, the soaked fibers are sent through an
existing die to remove excessive epoxy and simulate the finished form as shown in fig 3. The
fixing die is subsequently inserted, taking the form of the pultruded component's ultimate
necessary bridge (Minchenkov et al., 2021). The dried, formed shape is extracted out from the
die under strain after the fixing die heats the material to solidify the epoxy. This implies that
efficiency can be quite significant in a continuous operation but will drop when productivity
levels drop, and additional bridge dies are required.

Figure 1: Pultrusion process (Source: Struzziero et al., 2019).