Lab report 10

Experiment No.10
1. Title:

To determine the Deflection of a Circular Ring subjected to diametrical loading.

2. Objective:
 Calculate the value of deflection in Circular beam.
 Determine the %age error between the experimental and theoretical values of deflection.

3. Apparatus:

 Circular beam apparatus

 Hanger and weights
 Meter rod
 Dial indicator
 Vernier Calipers

4. Apparatus Diagram:

Figure 1: Circular Bar

5. Theory:
Beams:
Beams are structural members supporting loads applied at various points along the members. A
beam undergoes bending by the loads applied perpendicular to their axis of the structure. Beams
are of various types.

Simply supported beam:

If the supports are at the ends such that one of them is pin and other is roller, then such a beam is
called simply supported beam. The supports can be considered as simple wedges at the ends

Cantilever beam:
A cantilever beam is fixed at one end and free at other end.

Continuous beam:
A continuous beam has more than two supports distributed throughout its length. It can be
understood well from the image below.
Loading:
The application of a force to an object is called loading.

Types of loading:
There are different types of loading explained below

Compression:
Compression loading is an effect in which the component reduces it size. During compression
load there is reduction in volume and increase in density of a component.

Tension:
Tension is the act of stretching rod, bar, spring, wire, cable etc. that is being pulled from the
either ends.

Torsion:
Torsion is the act of twisting of a rod, wire, spring etc. about an axis due to applied couple
(torque).

Bending:
Bending is act of changing component from straight form into a curved or angular form.

Deflection:
Deflection is the degree to which a structural element is displaced under a load. It may refer to
an angle or a distance.

6. Procedure:

 Set the Circular Beam apparatus.

  Set the dial indicator at zero.
 Apply a load of 1N and measure the deflection using dial indicator.
 Take a set of at least five readings of increasing value of load and then take readings on
unloading.

 Calculate deflection theoretically by the formula “ ” respectively.

 Calculate the %age error between the experimental and theoretical deflection of beam.

7. Observations and Calculations:

Least Count of the dial indicator. = 0.001in

Radius of the circular bar = 6in

Thickness (R) = 0.1118in

Moment of inertia of the beam

OBJS. LOADS EXPERIMENTAL DEFLECTION THEORETICAL ERRORS

NO. (W) LOADING UNLOADING AVERAGE DEFLECTION
1. 0 0 0 0 0 0
2. 1 4 10 7 5.8 17.4
3. 2 12 17 14.5 11.7 19.3
4. 3 20 24 22 17.6 20
5. 4 27 27 27 23.4 13.3
8. Graph:
9. Conclusion:
From the graph plotted between deflection and load it is clear that load and deflection are about
directly proportional to each other but the %age error between the experimental and theoretical
values of deflection of Circular beam is unexpected due to the incompetency of apparatus and
formulae used in the experiment.