I.

FOUNDATIONS OF CRIMINAL JURISDICTION

a. Definition
b. Requisites for Exercise
i. Jurisdiction over the subject matter
o Palana vs. People, G.R. No. 149995, 28 September 2007.
o Asistio vs. People, G.R. No. 200465, 20 April 2015.
o Foz vs. People, G.R. No. 167764, 09 October 2009.
ii. Jurisdiction over the territory
o Agustin vs. Pamintuan, G.R. No. 164938, 22 August 2005.
o Treñas vs. People, G.R. No. 195002, 25 January 2012.
o Union Bank vs. People, G.R. No. 192565, 28 February 2012.
iii. Jurisdiction over the person
o Miranda vs. Tuliao, G.R. No. 158763, 31 March 2006.
c. Adherence of Jurisdiction
d. Apportionment of Criminal Jurisdiction
i. Investigative Jurisdiction
ii. Prosecutive Jurisdiction
o Department of Justice – National Prosecution Service
 Republic Act No. 10071
o Office of the Ombudsman
 Republic Act No. 6770
 Honasan vs. Panel of Investigating Prosecutors, G.R. No. 159747, 13 April
2004.
 Department of Justice Department Circular No. 026-08, 03 July 2008.
o Office of the Solicitor General
iii. Adjudicative Jurisdiction
o Katarungang Pambarangay
 Katarungang Pambarangay Implementing Rules and Regulations, Rule VI.
 Supreme Court Administrative Circular No. 14-93, 15 July 1993.
o First Level Courts (MeTC/MTCC/MTC/MCTC)
 Batas Pambansa Blg. 129, Sections 32, 35 & 37.
 Rules on Summary Procedure in Criminal Cases.
o Regional Trial Court
 (General Criminal Jurisdiction) – Batas Pambansa Blg. 129, Section 20;
Presidential Decree No. 1083, Art. 180.
 (Appellate Criminal Jurisdiction) – Batas Pambansa Blg. 129, Section
22.
 (Family Courts) – Republic Act No. 8369
 (Commercial Courts) – Supreme Court A.M. No. 03-03-03-SC, 17 June
2003.
 (Drugs Courts) – Supreme Court A.M. No. 00-8-01-SC, 01 August 2000.
 (Environmental Courts) – Supreme Court Administrative Order No. 23-
08, 28 January 2008.
o Special Trial Courts in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao
 (Tribal Courts) – Republic Act No. 9054, Section 19.
 (Shari’a Circuit Court) – Presidential Decree No. 1083, Art. 155
(1) in relation to Articles 181-185.
o Sandiganbayan
  Presidential Decree No. 1606 (as amended most recently by Republic
Act No. 10660).
 People vs. Go, G.R. No. 168359, 25 March 2014.
 De Lima vs. Guerrero, G.R. No. 229781, 10 October 2017.

o Court of Tax Appeals

 Republic Act No. 9282, Section 7.
o Court of Appeals
 Batas Pambansa Blg. 129, Section 9.
o Supreme Court
 1987 CONSTITUTION, Article VIII, Section 5 (1) and (2).

II. SEARCH AND SEIZURE (RULE 126)

a. Nature, definition, and legal foundation

i. 1987 CONSTITUTION, Article III, Sections 2 and 3.
ii. RULE 126 of the Rules of Court.
o People vs. Marti, G.R. No. 81561, 18 January 1991.
o People vs. Domasian, G.R. No. 95322, 01 March 1993.
o Zulueta vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 107383, 20 February 1996.

b. Types of searches
i. Searches with warrant
o A.M. No. 03-8-02-SC, 27 January 2004, Chapter V, Sections 10-12 (read in
relation to Rule 5, Sec. 2, A.M. No. 21-06-08-SC, 29 June 2021).
o Laud vs. People, G.R. No. 199032, 19 November 2014.
o Pilipinas Shell vs. Romars International Gases, G.R. No. 189669, 16 February
2015.
o People vs. Rey, G.R. No. 248395, 29 January 2020.
o People vs. Salanguit, G.R. No. 133254-55, 19 April 2001.
o Corro vs. Lising, G.R. No. L-69899, 15 July 1985.
o Ogayon vs. People, G.R. No. 188794, 02 September 2015.
o Mustang Lumber vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 104988, 18 June 1996.
o People v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 117412, 08 December 2000.
o People vs. Huang Zhen Hua, G.R. No. 139301, 29 September 2004.
o Valleno vs. People, G.R. No. 192050, 09 January 2013.
o People vs. Go, G.R. No. 144639, 12 September 2003.
o Tenorio vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 110604, 10 October 2003.

ii. Searches pursuant to the Rule on Cybercrime Warrants

o A.M. No. 17-11-03-SC, 15 August 2018.
o Republic Act No. 10175, Sections 4-6.
o A.M. No. 03-03-03-SC, 15 November 2016.
iii. Procedure for searches using body-worn cameras
o A.M. No. 21-06-08-SC, 29 June 2021 (excluding Rule 2, which pertains
to arrests).
iv. Searches/seizures without warrant
o Search incidental to a lawful arrest
 RULE 126, Section 13.
 Vaporoso vs. People, G.R. No. 238659, 03 June 2019.
  Homar vs. People, G.R. No. 182534, 02 September 2015.
 Luz vs. People, G.R. No. 197788, 29 February 2012.
 People vs. Li Wai Cheung, G.R. Nos. 90440-42, 13 October 1992.
o Search of moving vehicles
 People vs. Sapla, G.R. No. 244045, 16 June 2020 (N.B. Read the Majority
Opinion, as well as the Dissenting Opinion of Justice Amy Lazaro-Javier).
o “Plain View” Doctrine
 People vs. Doria, G.R. No. 125299, 22 January 1999.
 People vs. Cubcubin, G.R. No. 136267, 10 July 2001.
 People vs. Leangsiri, G.R. No. 112659, 24 January 1996.
 People vs. Cariño, G.R. No. 234155, 25 March 2019.
o Consented search
 People vs. Compacion, G.R. No. 124442, 20 July 2001.
 Caballes vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 136292, 15 January 2002.
 Dela Cruz vs. People, G.R. No. 209387, 11 January 2016.
 Polangcos vs. People, G.R. No. 239866, 11 September 2019.
o “Stop and “Frisk;” Checkpoints/Roadblocks; other minimally intrusive searches.
 People vs. Mengote, G.R. No. 87059, 22 June 1992.
 Manibog vs. People, G.R. No. 211214, 20 March 2019.
 People vs. Binad Sy Chua, G.R. Nos. 136066-67, 04 February 2003.
 Esquillo vs. People, G.R. No. 182010, 25 August 2010.
 People vs. Vinecario, G.R. No. 141137, 20 January 2004.
 Veridiano vs. People, G.R. No. 200370, 07 June 2017.
 Saluday vs. People, G.R. No. 215305, 03 April 2018.
 People vs. Manago, G.R. No. 212340, 17 August 2016.
 People vs. Canton, G.R. No. 148825, 27 December 2002.
 People vs. O’Cochlain, G.R. No. 229071, 10 December 2018.
o Exigent and emergency circumstances
 People vs. De Gracia, G.R. Nos. 102009-10, 06 July 1994.
o Computer search (in the course of an administrative investigation)
 Pollo vs. Constantino-David, G.R. No. 181881, 18 October 2011.
o Search in connection with enforcement of customs laws
 Salvador vs. People, G.R. No. 146706, 15 July 2005.

c. Legal effect of, and remedies against, unlawful searches and seizures.
i. Exclusionary rule
o 1987 CONSTITUTION, Article III, Section 3 (2).
ii. Motion to Quash/ Suppress
o Stonehill vs. Diokno, G.R. No. L-19550, 19 June 1967.
o SEC vs. Mendoza, G.R. No. 170425, 23 April 2012.
o Solid Triangle Sales vs. Sheriff of RTC QC, Branch 93, G.R. No. 144309,
23 November 2001.
o Santos vs. Pryce Gases, G.R. No. 165122, 23 November 2007.

III. PROSECUTION OF OFFENSES (RULE 110) AND CIVIL ACTIONS (RULE

111)
a. Prosecution of criminal action
o People vs. Grey, G.R. No. 180109, 26 July 2010.
o Bautista vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 143375, 06 July 2001.
 o Lazarte vs. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 180122, 13 March 2009.
o Bonifacio vs. RTC, G.R. No. 184800, 05 May 2010.
o Mendez vs. People, G.R. No. 179962, 11 June 2014.
o Pacoy vs. Cajigal, G.R. No. 157472, 28 September 2007.
b. Prosecution of civil action
o Tenebro vs. People, G.R. No. 150758, 18 February 2004 (N.B. Read the
Majority Opinion as well as the Separate Opinion of Justice Vitug and
Dissenting Opinion of Justice Carpio).
o Pimentel vs. Pimentel, G.R. No. 172060, 13 September 2010.

IV. PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION AND SUMMARY INVESTIGATION (RULE

112); INQUEST
a. Nature of preliminary investigation
b. Preliminary Investigation
o Paderanga vs. Drilon, G.R. No. 96080, 19 April 1991.
o Santos-Concio vs. DOJ, G.R. No. 175057, 29 January 2008.
c. Inquest
o Department of Justice Department Circular No. 61, 21
September 1993 (The New Rules on Inquest).
d. Summary Investigation
e. Remedies
o DOJ D.C. No. 70, 03 July 2000 (2000 National Prosecution Service [NPS]
Rule on Appeal).
o Crespo vs. Mogul, G.R. No. 53373. June 30, 1987.
o De Lima vs. Reyes, G.R. No. 209330, 11 January 2016.
f. Precautionary Hold Departure Order
o A.M. No. 18-07-05-SC, 16 September 2018.
o Garcia vs. Sandiganbayan, G.R. Nos. 205904-06, 17 October 2018.

V. ARREST (RULE 113)

a. Definition
b. Issuance of warrant of arrest
o Balindong vs. CA, G.R. No. 177600, 19 October 2015.
o People vs. Alcantara, G.R. No. 207040, 04 July 2018.
o Hold Departure Order
 SC Circular No. 39-97.
 Garcia vs. Sandiganbayan, G.R. Nos. 205904-06, 17 October 2018.
c. Procedure in executing a warrant of arrest
o Luz vs. People, G.R. No. 197788, 29 February 2012.
o A.M. No. 21-06-08-SC, 29 June 2021 (excluding Rule 3, which pertains
to searches).
o People vs. Martinez, G.R. No. 191366, 13 December 2010.

d. Warrantless Arrest
o In flagrante delicto.
 People vs. Edaño, G.R. No. 188133, 07 July 2014.
 People vs. Chua Ho San, G.R. No. 128222, 17 June 1999.
 o “Hot Pursuit.”
 Pestilos vs. Generoso, G.R. No. 182601, 10 November 2014.
 Padilla vs. CA, G.R. No. 121917, 12 March 1997.
 Abelita vs. Doria, G.R. No. 170672, 14 August 2009.
o Arrest of escaped prisoner; escaped arrestee; accused out on bail; accused
out on bail about to depart from the Philippines.
e. Rights of an arrested person upon arrest, detention, or custodial investigation
o Aquino vs. Paiste, G.R. No. 147782, 25 June 2008.
o People vs. Pepino, G.R. No. 174471, 12 January 2016.

VI. BAIL (RULE 114)

a. Right to bail
b. Types of bail
o Bail as a matter of right
o Bail as a matter of discretion
o Bail for unindicted persons in custodia legis
c. Rules and Procedures common to all types of bail
o Threshold requirement: Being in custodia legis.
 Lavides vs. CA, G.R. No. 129670, 01 February 2000.
o Not a bar to objections against arrest/preliminary investigation
o Where filed
o Amount of bail
o Forms of bail
o Conditions of the bail
o Release
o Increase or reduction of bail
o Forfeiture and cancellation
o Bail not allowed
d. Special Cases
o People vs. Valdez, G.R. Nos. 216007-09, 08 December 2015.
o Government of Hong Kong vs. Olalia, G.R. No. 153675, 19 April 2007.
o Trillanes vs. Pimentel, G.R. No. 179817, 27 June 2008.
o Comendador vs. De Villa, G.R. No. 93177, 02 August 1991.
o Enrile vs. People, G.R. No. 213847, 18 August 2015.
o Dela Rama vs. The People’s Court, G.R. No. L-982, 02 October 1946.
o People vs. Napoles, G.R. No. 247611, 13 January 2021.
o In re: Almonte, G.R. No. 252117, 28 July 2020 (N.B. Read the per curiam
Decision, as well as the Separate Opinions of Chief Justice Peralta, Justice
Lazaro-Javier, and Justice Perlas-Bernabe).

VII. RIGHTS OF THE ACCUSED (RULE 115)

a. Right to be presumed innocent
b. Right to be informed of the nature and cause of accusation
c. Right to be present at trial
d. Right to testify
e. Right against self-incrimination
o People vs. Olvis, G.R. No. 71092, 30 September 1987.
o Chavez vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. L-29169, 19 August 1968.
o Dela Cruz vs. People, G.R. No. 200748, 23 July 2014.
 o People vs. Cabanada, G.R. No. 221424, 19 July 2017.
f. Right to confrontation and cross-examination
g. Right to compulsory process
h. Right to speedy, impartial, and public trial
o Cagang vs. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 206438, 31 July 2018.
i. Right to appeal

VIII. MOTION TO QUASH (RULE 117)

o Lazarte vs. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 180122, 13 March 2009.
o Gomez vs. People, G.R. No. 216824, 10 November 2020.
o Salazar vs. People, G.R. No. 151931, 23 September 2003.
o Heirs of Honrales vs. Honrales, G.R. No. 182651, 25 August 2010.
o Ligtas vs. People, G.R. No. 200751, 17 August 2015.
o Navaja vs. De Castro, G.R. No. 180969, 11 September 2017.
o Escobar vs. People, G.R. No. 205576, 20 November 2017.
o Fuertes vs. Senate, G.R. No. 208162, 07 January 2020.
o People vs. Garfin, G.R. No. 153176, 29 March 2004.
o Enrile vs. Manalastas, G.R. No. 166414, 22 October 2014.
o People vs. Lacson, G.R. No. 149453 – Resolution dated 28 May 2002 and
Resolution on the Motion for Reconsideration dated 01 April 2003.
o Los Baños vs. Pedro, G.R. No. 173588, 22 April 2009.
o Co vs. New Prosperity Plastic Products, G.R. No. 183994, 30 June 2014.

IX. ARRAIGNMENT AND PLEA (RULE 116)

a. Possible incidents prior to arraignment
b. Arraignment
o Revised Guidelines for Continuous Trial of Criminal Cases, A.M. No. 15-06-10-
SC, 25 April 2017, Part III (8) (a)-(d).
o Daan vs. Sandiganbayan, G.R. Nos. 163972-77, 28 March 2008.
o Estipona vs. Lobrigo, G.R. No. 226679, 15 August 2017.
o Adoption of the Plea-Bargaining Framework in Drugs Cases, A.M. No. 18-03-
16-SC, 10 April 2018.
o Amended Guidelines on Plea-Bargaining for Republic Act No. 9165, otherwise
known as the Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2000, DOJ D.C. No.
027-18, 26 June 2018.
o Sayre v. Xenos, G.R. No. 244413, 18 February 2020.
c. Reception of evidence
o Revised Guidelines for Continuous Trial of Criminal Cases, A.M. No. 15-06-10-
SC, 25 April 2017, Part III (8) (d) (ii).
o People vs. Pagal, G.R. No. 241257, 29 September 2020.
d. Improvident plea of guilty
o People vs. Documento, G.R. No. 188706, 17 March 2010.

X. PRE-TRIAL (RULE 118)

 o Pre-Trial Rules, A.M. No. 03-1-09-SC, 13 July 2004.
o Consolidated and Revised Guidelines to Implement the Expanded Coverage of
Court-Annexed Mediation and Judicial Dispute Resolution, A.M. No. 04-1-12-
SC-Philja.
o Revised Guidelines for Continuous Trial of Criminal Cases, A.M. No. 15-06-10-
SC, 25 April 2017, Part III (8) (f), Part III (9).

XI. TRIAL (RULE 119)

a. Conduct of trial
o Presence of the accused during trial
o Trial procedure
 Revised Guidelines for Continuous Trial of Criminal Cases, A.M. No. 15-
06-10-SC, 25 April 2017, Part III (11) to (15).
o Discharge of accused to be state witness
 People vs. Dominguez, G.R. No. 229420, 19 February 2018.
o Mistake in the charge
b. Demurrer to evidence
o Revised Guidelines for Continuous Trial of Criminal Cases, A.M. No. 15-06-10-
SC, 25 April 2017, Part III (13) (d).
o Macapagal-Arroyo vs. People, G.R. No. 220598, 19 July 2016.
c. Reopening of the case

XII. JUDGMENT (RULE 120)

a. Definition and form
b. Variance Doctrine
o People vs. Rellota, G.R. No. 168103, 03 August 2010.
o People vs. Caoili, G.R. No. 196342, 08 August 2017.
c. Promulgation
o Revised Guidelines for Continuous Trial of Criminal Cases, A.M. No. 15-06-10-
SC, 25 April 2017, Part III (16) (a).
o People vs. De Grano, G.R. No. 167710, 05 June 2009.
d. Modification of judgment (vis-à-vis reopening of proceedings)
e. Entry of judgment

XIII. POST-JUDGMENT REMEDIES (RULES 121-125)

a. New Trial or Reconsideration
o Revised Guidelines for Continuous Trial of Criminal Cases, A.M. No. 15-06-10-
SC, 25 April 2017, Part III (16) (b).
b. Probation
o Presidential Decree No. 968 (Probation Law), as amended by Republic Act
No. 10707.
o Colinares vs. People, G.R. No. 182748, 13 December 2011.
o Pascua vs. People, G.R. No. 250578, 07 September 2020.
c. Appeal
o People vs. Torres, G.R. No. 189850, 22 September 2014.
o People vs. Mamaril, G.R. No. 171980, 06 October 2010.
o People vs. Webb, G.R. No. 176864, 14 December 2010.
o Sampayan vs. CA, G.R. No. 156360, 14 January 2005.
o Padilla vs. CA, G.R. No. L-39999, 31 May 1984.

XIV. REMEDIES FOR JUDGMENTS OF ACQUITTAL

 o Galman vs. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 72670, 12 September 1986.
o Villareal vs. People, G.R. No. 151258, 01 February 2012.
o Juanito C. Castañeda, Jr., Should the State Have the Right to Appeal Adverse
Judgments in Criminal Cases? 51 PHIL. L. J. 164 (1976).

XV. POST-CONVICTION REMEDIES

o RULE 102.
o In re: De Villa, G.R. No. 158802, 17 November 2004.
o Antonio R. Bautista, Habeas Corpus as a Post-Conviction Remedy, 75 PHIL. L. J.
553 (2001).
o Gumabon vs. Director of Prisons, G.R. No. L-30026, 30 January 1971.
o Hernan vs. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 217874, 05 December 2017.