thioridazine

A Drug Study Presented to

Lendell Kelly B. Ytac, RN
Faculty, INAHS BSN-Program
Davao Oriental State University

_____________________________________________

In Partial Fulfillment
of the requirements for
NCM 117
Care of Clients with Maladaptive Patterns of Behavior
(Acute and Chronic)

By

Clint S. Ancog
Student Nurse, BSN-3A

March 18, 2022

 Name of Drug Dosage/ Mechanism of Indication Contraindication Side Effects/ Nursing
Frequency/ Action Adverse Effects Responsibilities
Time/ Route
Generic Name: Route: P.O Depresses cerebral Psychotic Children SIDE EFFECTS:
thioridazine Onset: Unknown cortex, disorders, <2 yr, ● vomiting • Explain risks of
Peak: 2-4 hr hypothalamus, schizophrenia, hypersensitivity, ● diarrhea dystonic
Brand Name: Duration: 4-6 hr limbic system, behavioral coma, CNS ● dry mouth reactions and
Mellaril which control problems in depression ● constipation tardive
➣ Management of activity, aggression; children, ● blurred vision dyskinesia, and
Drug symptoms of blocks anxiety, major ● nausea tell patient to
Classification: psychotic disorders neurotransmission depressive report abnormal
antipsychotic in patients produced by disorders, ADVERSE body
intolerant of other DOPamine at organic brain EFFECTS: movements.
Chemical make- synapse; exhibits syndrome • Tell patient to
up and effect: ADULTS: strong α-adrenergic CNS: neuroleptic avoid sun
Thioridazine is a Initially, 50 to 100 and anticholinergic Unlabeled uses: malignant exposure and to
phenothiazine mg P.O. t.i.d., with blocking action; Behavioral syndrome, wear sunscreen
derivative having gradual increments mechanism for symptoms extrapyramidal when going
a methylsulfanyl up to 800 mg daily antipsychotic associated with reactions, tardive outdoors to
subsitituent at the in divided doses, if effects is dementia in dyskinesia, prevent
2-position and a needed. Dosage unclear, geriatric sedation, EEG photosensitivity
(1- varies. patients. changes, dizziness. reactions. (Heat
methylpiperidin- lamps and
2-yl)ethyl] group ➣Dysthymic Pharmacokinetics: CV: orthostatic tanning beds also
at the N-10 disorder (neurotic Absorption: hypotension, may cause
position. depression), Absorption varies tachycardia, ECG burning of the
dementia in elderly with administration changes, skin or skin
patients, behavioral route. Oral tablet arrhythmias, discoloration.)
problems in absorption is erratic torsades de pointes. • Warn patient
children. and variable, with not to spill the
onset ranging from EENT: ocular liquid on the
ADULTS: 1/2 to 1 hour. Oral changes, blurred skin; rash and
Initially, 25 mg concentrates and vision, retinitis irritation may
P.O. t.i.d. pigmentosa.
Maintenance suspensions are result.
dosage is 20 to 200 much more GI: dry mouth, • Warn patient to
mg daily. predictable. constipation. avoid extremely
CHILDREN Distribution: hot or cold baths
OLDER THAN Distributed widely GU: urine or exposure to
AGE 2: Usually, throughout the retention, dark temperature
0.5 to 3 mg/kg P.O. body, including urine, menstrual extremes,
daily in divided breast milk. Steady irregularities, sunlamps, or
doses. Give 10 mg state serum level is inhibited tanning beds;
b.i.d. or t.i.d. to achieved within 4 ejaculation. drug may cause
children with to 7 days. Drug is Hematologic: thermoregulatory
moderate disorders 91% to 99% transient changes.
and 25 mg b.i.d. or protein-bound. leukopenia, • Advise patient
t.i.d. to hospitalized Metabolism: agranulocytosis, to take drug
children Metabolized hyperprolactinemia exactly as
extensively by the . prescribed and
liver and forms the Hepatic: cholestatic not to double
active metabolite jaundice. missed doses.
mesoridazine. Metabolic: weight • Explain that
Excretion: Mostly gain, increased many drug
excreted as appetite. interactions are
metabolites in Skin: mild possible. Patient
urine; some is photosensitivity, should seek
excreted in feces by allergic reactions. medical approval
way of the biliary Other: before taking
tract. gynecomastia. any self-
prescribed
Pharmacodynamic medication.
s: • Tell patient not
Thioridazine is to stop taking
thought to exert drug suddenly;
antipsychotic most adverse
effects by reactions may be
postsynaptic relieved by dose
blockade of CNS reduction.
dopamine However, patient
receptors, inhibiting should report
dopamine-mediated difficulty
effects. urinating, sore
Thioridazine has throat, dizziness,
many other central fainting, or
and peripheral visual changes.
effects: It produces • Patient may
both alpha and experience
ganglionic blockade gastritis, nausea,
and counteracts vomiting,
histamine- and dizziness,
serotonin-mediated tremor, feeling
activity. Its most of warmth or
common adverse cold,
reactions are diaphoresis,
antimuscarinic and tachycardia,
sedative; it causes headache, or
fewer insomnia after
extrapyramidal abrupt
effects than other withdrawal of
antipsychotics. long-term
therapy.
• Warn patient to
avoid hazardous
activities that
require alertness
until the effect of
drug is
established.
Reassure patient
that excessive
sedation usually
subsides after
several weeks.
• Tell patient not
to drink alcohol
or take other
medications that
may cause
excessive
sedation.
• Advise patient
to maintain
adequate
hydration.
• Explain which
fluids are
appropriate for
diluting the
concentrate and
the dropper
technique of
measuring dose.
• Tell patient to
store drug safely
away from
children
References:

Schull, P. (2013). McGraw-Hill Nurse’s Drug Handbook Seventh Edition. McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Skidmore-Roth, L. (2021). Mosby’s 2021 Nursing Drug Reference, 3251 Riverport Lane St. Louis, Missouri 63043

Wishart DS, Knox C, Guo AC, Shrivastava S, Hassanali M, Stothard P, Chang Z, Woolsey J. Drugbank: a comprehensive resource for
in silico drug discovery and exploration. Nucleic Acids Res. 2006 Jan 1;34 (Database issue):D668-72. 16381955.