MEKKA D.

IBAÑEZ BSMLS-1G

Problem 1: Encrypt HELLO using x=3. Y=1, (5 point)

Formula for Encryption: C = (ax + b) mod 26

Given keys (x,y) = (3,1)

H 7 (3 * 7 + 1) mod 26 23 mod 26 22 W
E 4 (3 * 4 + 1) mod 26 13 mod 26 13 N
L 11 (3 * 11 + 1) mod 26 34 mod 26 8 I
L 11 (3 * 11 + 1) mod 26 34 mod 26 8 I
O 14 (3 * 14 + 1) mod 26 43 mod 26 17 R

Problem 2: Decrypt MCHX using x = 3, y =2. (5 points)

Formula for Decryption: p=a^-1 * (c –b) mod 26

M 12 9 *(12-2) mod 26 90 mod 26 12 M

C 2 9 *(2-2) mod 26 0 mod 26 0 A
H 7 9 *(7-2) mod 26 45 mod 26 19 T
X 23 9 *(23-2) mod 26 189 mod 26 17 H

For 10 points, use Hamilton’s Apportionment

The table below refers to a country with five states. There are 250 seats in the legislature and
the population of the states are shown in the table. Use the Hamilton Method to apportion the 250
seats. Use your notes from before break and work together.

A B C D E TOTAL
Population 250 875 4700 3826 350 10 000
Standard quota 6.25 21.875 117.5 96.625 8.75 250
Lower quota 6 21 117 95 8 247
Final 6 22 117 96 9 250
Apportionment
Standard Divisor = 10 000/250

= 40

Standard Quota= Population/ Standard Divisor

= 250/40 =875/40 =4700/40 =3826/40 =350/40

=6.25 =21.875 =117.5 =95.625 8.75

For 10 points

4. Find the apportionment under the Jefferson method if there are 100 seats to be apportioned.

Hint: The standard divisor is 3,000.

State A B C D
Population 67,200 78,300 73,800 80,700
Final Apportionment 22 26 25 27

TRIAL AND ERROR

SD A B C D
3000 22 26 24 26 98
2970 22 26 24 27 99
2952 22 26 25 27 100