23/ul2032

CIRCUITS
NETIC

A
N

.
ole
o held

al a magmt
Magnalie Cneuit

ho al varound the magmehe

us k/as magnete RLd
laonue kuilds vae unvraud by slotanc whoarge

mauon vand hs okfeeta measured by

h they Onit n ameuuirg chage

.
force

he patho he magnee fun & klas the

Wagnelc
rcutE
naic ms Magmeue Cineust-
lner
lure Jhe mo.magnihe
Magmiue W
force åct p ceut callud
m maynelue sbAcduced dlue o
May. kuu mmahe he
magmele lune.
ouwnt a aue./he
he Rlew ner m
tthe magnee
kovee, gfeala
magmele the magniue hill
lun amol stierigi
ne ABCDA
the Wngth the o
magniic
asa the veeie
eircuit

vonoss Aiouonal
meten
pmeaoly us Mn.
usa mamd iulauue
the it null
nlhun vownent 2 sassmg
vceil,
thsodhK

Kit a lun the matoide

ain
 Klure, = mmf
uluctamee

Magmilie
un rolypend nhon
lus
N-> mo. of
1> vownent

.NT=mmm elvetrie eiicuut Reuitaman no

Choasliuon,
m magmele voueud Ruetonno

hesoe he magmehe klunm Atf

yMagmetomouue
the ewnent p
the voene oltperod npem
m
g Ttim N .uw
wnatare lhe wu

ums ,
andmo- magneie
O mo. the amount
amd uee nnka
lure also unereasiy

he phoduet NT s vcalled magmetomou

the amt
foree (mmh)amd ut detvmun@

lune Sut np
m the magnilie enuut.

he uosh volone m mowmg a

magmulu
wnit magnilue vole nee around the
vealld magmetomolue nce (mm
wcut
mmf N.2 ambere -wms (AT)

Blagmetie Alure onsily is delnid as The

magnile kluue pu umt ama uaL Sunkace 1a a

to he magnilie kuld
Ought wmgls
denty,
B = ure 8 w6/
lure
Magmilue dna
 Goreu
Toree o Wlagmeue aild Gatensiy (H)G

NE AT/m
MlagnilUsra
H-
as he mamitiomouue karce hue
oLmid
nth mgrh he magmlic wrut
uhat hi mognlue
aaluctunce
he appasuion

.b us AStance
BRlucta do Whe magnile hure
reut hos gdhe ntogmehe vcureuut debemds
teluotance amd
ngth, antaross-_Sechem
ub lngtk mm
upen mateuk
bermeobaly
cthe
AT/106. H 6.n unit

Rluetance, S = auoMp MLa27

A nn
matrual nskin placeo
OPesmeabliby
d magmdue vdue to
atgnunes magmiuSm
kielol do nvhueh
a magmele
hi miasre the degnee can pemt
lol cam pumut
mdaelen.
karee magmetismg kulo
the ulunes
the neduim u
callud iäbsolut
miakluly

he meduum a midum oi magmene

hi albseluli pimeabily u
be Cnbnussed um tosms u
vcm also
0materual
al and the pmabiu
ale pismeabillty
auue ne
htl

hace ol
ali 5|sa022
al &/o magmilue huune ydunauly(B)Ond ue unh.
enah

lune volunsy matvual, B wb/m2

Magmeisung harce matual, M =NL AT/m

aH
13-H

H 8
B-MMsH

ourouut
nalysis magmilue
Aune vollnsity, 3 b/m
=
Wlag maugmg hore ,H N? AT/m
Alc to worh lau,
HxL =NT
H= N2
L
Agou H B.
l NT
au, M
NI
7aMoMa L

wre, = mm
eluctamce
 tal

eert hesc matoual that can eu ethes

un an wxtemal magmalue
Aepeb whun placed

d can
and vecan magniuse themsehues
elassymateials
wnlo 3cattgarus
le
samagnile
? hen a fpasamagmilue substance,
latamagniue
alamunwm, pacd m amagniui hilel.
un Ne dii
uilol

magniuiscd
dhesubstance hse oteual ase matt stseng
L.sld.
, Vhui elatuit penkdelly
a
ael
atna
to magnut
pesitie
Snall kut
When a damagniue
stanee
Substance
th
eiamagnilue ma filal

(Ca nte) us placed

is magmilsid
magnehe
mm the dain hbosilr
neui
to

diamag
Sabstamce
thoo the atpldel ldby hosgoie
stsng mag
a stsong magst.
Substamce us s
epallud less an uny
kepommeabiluy shARy substance
? When a memoagnilue ahe
ahe
erremagmilhe vin a
an
magnibli
magnibe
peld,
Rild,
the dii"
ete) plaed
Ni,
is sher9 magmlsed
(Fe, sukstance
Malfde rnomagnihe
substane Pemeablu
galuidfald.
attractid by a
magmat.
va maynd Pemiabdly

shongy
sbhong

huy ane opa

O solt magniue matinua
Ward magnilue
matna hane
ak those wuhieh
The aiia
d
eual cwmus
mat
ar maaro B-H ke mp
na
n the hystrrsis
appleakionms sah
loeß
us Small,

mmag.
ane wn
materuals
thans0rmin amol mmachune Leows, A8 mmome
veOe m veombuters
Vhe matenals nshuel
thsd Mag. matials
Lae hose
to volemagnelse hese matuual ma
ae vdlffueuult
mateniale
are also Lcalliol pusmannt"magnelue

B-H Cuwmus
he B-H ucwnue v@i mmagmelusauon Cmms,wmd
B'
he manmi wn wuhuih the huure dumsly
wasits wuth he magnitusmg horee H
ai men- mogmelue matzuals,aq
iubber, uoad ,he el 6/w. 2'# " B
a
0ohhes

us veonstamt, ue u 47t x 10
1
Mo
BxH
dence, 5-H wme aa men magmilue matoal
sa utiaight lime he eusue ndus sauralis
no mattii kow gtat the kuine dunsily may Ge

large mmk is Aiqd. To preduce a guwn uue

un Thi mon- magmiue material

o magmeue
emd H
matvhuals, ue won ,
Suul,

the aln Gtn us guen b or

MoUaH
Ms
olensly
smat veonstam- but varus wuuth

Conseouerty the B-H cwut

e
thi

1a magneu
md &ial us mot luntah,e
 he mon- luntasly voh
The vouwme
wwwucati the velauue peumtabully
B a matoal
N,H
us mat 00nstanE but dhenols
H o upon The flue dnsu
shope
do Genvral

-Houmw
matiual
magnlie

Aut Aial
Castr stil
uren
Cost

ta:-H wwme loe

Vanious materiol
 AGNETIC
TNDUCTION
mognile 4hun brhud
95a0s3
ut.Wi owust
oaramd'eml i undussd un The wut.
oeutus losid, o
th pluo fous wwment
dhreugh
ut um md thi
dJossdasl as log as ta lureouhrunt uo
j
jedukedht chong (n mognilude
Junhid ith
un dir)
is vcolld
ghshunornunan
phuromumen
abrornagniu ndubon
OR
iephuneminer phoduron ornh and funre
aenLs
plue mkring ts wonduevi en ceil
olld
suebhrernogniuu imdusbor
aday iand Shetremagmiui Gndusion
pur 0 Juo Lou alstramagniui nndunlen
0asad oy kas 1 hiu lano stalu Iht
hunvwi he mogmiueue
am ludhucol cbrductol
chongs n
o coil n ent is
unducrd win he condustor. (Condition fot
Jpeerdiung om en m dhe conductor)

Hasaday grd lans: his lanw stali dhat The

o emk mdurid n
mogrutole the thh eondurto
the ET diwety froboienal
vci by
The ume at a whange thu'lure inkagu.
mdunsd am a Na- N¢
=KN a- N
9une linhoge uuth
t
Nmo. udns the cs
Th value cl K
wail
us umiy wn 62uwmt
 =Na- NO1

Nd adt
volt

vcoam be dutivmnd
Qvvclon wmoueeol emh

heng's
ka alinoy
19

dand Rul
Rummg's aaht

Rema's Kon
m
H slalstha
us aumays
dhe
uch hat ut
voli

Tind
wwoluiceal

to wstablish a owuntuhuch epposs Th

vchange ue usponsole hai moucuig

the whangc n magnite
Uhat

ut
wn.ue veppesis

Lue.
s basid on Uhe Kauw o Consowaluon

e N de
dt

shous The
ummgs Rijht bamd Rule
magnihkuld, cuwmwmt
omd karc
voli

Thumb
(Motuon Conoluotar

Hore
imgu
Cnog Ba)
Midobe
Ghing Gnoucid
Cutnent
 h ewmg
Streleh

to
the
nutrualy
the

ught hamd
wach
ucdhot allthhu
mudolle torgun,

vatfhor
a
humb

elaseheeoluen Gnouced enmh

s/malwng uben The malune val mdhods ,Uhe

dueed'em is uclasspul as
una
Dumamcally wndaueed emk

Statvcally unoluctd en
Cints
:29/11/soa2

INDUCED £MP
hun the magmilue Kuwe lnkng nuith a veonduotor (oe cail)
tharg, a em ws wnuud m ut. Uis vehame un
Lur lunkage voam be Biught abeut- duuded v

cdhe
ollouing wno uways
ODYNA MiCAÚY NDUCED EMF

h
tA mouud wn
vconduetor uS a stallenaky magmelue

Bild
un uoh a uuay That theeue itt ut
deinkorng

MChangus m magnluode.
hu A
un dhs uay
uvdudial calliol dymamioally
nuLd
en (G:ds i a De gennaloe)

STATICALLY ZNDUOED EMf

u
Conduetar s and tie magmdue uld
meumg 0
albol Btatically
utatonary
chongmg. heen
wdducrd
unduetd wn thi uay

wnf. (a: k un atsamom)

ymamually ndueed emk

N N pthes ths dis

Sor atan angle

afZhisdun
uthi

t ngth o the voanoluetor

din

L mitse
lue densiy=B b/m2
Velooly 9 m/s
d Ostance mnwd by a vtonductot wm lume

ea Swtpt by vconolucto ldn

AO to asoday's laro

=Nddt
luaout d
Omk e
,
N Bld
Bx lx du

dt
sssume
No. wms vw
da (vdou
olt

C BL volt3

= bw volt
ymomcally mdund en

O th ceneurtor mmouud at am ang

uith
uith h
hu di" diin lure aa
uis

reloouy ''ho compon

4he naloly t the magmitie hu sv

 maduueeo
ymam
amlicaly
Cally wmk Blv&n e
BlV&ne]
Gnoured e;
ly wnducd cam be huathr wlasuifud as

Snolured emk
lnically

A Gnnduecd om
d wnt wn a eail vchamgts, lhu magnilue Klure

lnkurng wuth Whe ccl vchamgs"and henee en

ded un t.hs i watud uel unduced nk
hen vowwnt m a veoil chamges,Lhe
sulwnouced Om vaahase the uchangu a ewment
wn the veeil.
Ths srasoly ol The vcal is kneen a8
4Gnduetamceloe Golustance,

Cuunl

9mduerd m(c)
nk wwoucid,
e = N dÝ ATuOut
Ott

N No. ums cal

ia
dt change magnilieLlur that dirbed
rith th oel
C to kimgs low, the da"ell wndueedwmk s
phore he causA huzbonsble pan wnduurig ul
vLays

ohonge um wuwnmt in thi oil,so nthe vument

c0l Jehamges em u mducd un itndhoh
the change wwwet wm Uhe cill. his rhr
cil is veallid L 4nductamee
Mnlually mduetod wm
he wn wiouetd wina vweil volu w
to n t
oil us Called
vcau Called
vcuenin the mughbeunng
mulualy wmoluced wmk
nulbualun

cail A cail B
he veal A ,nsheninu
4louny hreugk
uCumen be mdueed wn col Aa
auill vchange on enk uill
nnull as ooil B
Alc to anaday'y law,

m
m Na dm
olt

mo. Tums m veoil B

col to wmoduee
h frehuy
tno muigkbousmg

maltage
mn
veoil due
to thel change uwunl-

M
ether us callud mmtual umtuctance
wn dhe

SELF TNDUC TA NCE

-
Pnon Yaroday
Sell molueid

.
ve8gm
Nd
em
lauo

ducatis
,
cam be

thu
wnpressed

duu"
as

the ap
hom chonge n du to uuheh u
cuiren
must, V Bu lur w prghoitenal o the C

dinough Ahe
oil
 o
Cwnent thaugk cal
lure
lure
aL
cont ant, patu o re
5hum tabuly
mauns onstant.
us

ent
d d
er-N d
94
the ovm/N¢
duncteal by 'L
)s ealltd sel undustanc
is

L Ng
otvcon h daknud as ur lnhage fuL ampi
9V5 uwnut
is huny

MUTUAL lNDUC TANCE

vine t aradayx laus, the wnduaed emp un cail B

e- Na, d92
dt
tNN =No. lums col
ceil
HA

3
=
Na No. lums tol A
= luwwnentflauing lhragk
o dw cunnemt1,
mo
9 un hrolueid
uuth cel B
a un unkung
dhes wnh uull set-ub
a
that
-ve sigm wnducala
uull The vwhangs D hiurn
vcwstent uuhck efpese
ut.
unnumg uwth
No
x2
Noat vcharq
CuwrentT
Pa 2xRol v, uchamg
de a. d
dt dt
Ng dda dl 30aTougn
at
ama us
/aPr s calleol mulual wnouetamce

denatrd b M

- M dT
olt
a ol
cel has 50
uUm u dlonleid

Ltulhiw waymg a wwmemt f 1a5 A

nuutth
plu a

rinductadee "f th teul t us

6Onob
dhe
L4ent u teduccd to geno nunhem m
lali

0.1 sec, caleulal di sely duid n

nm dhe Cod
9roluuced omh)
e=-Ld? (sc

N = 5o6x50
La5
x10-3 =aooxI0
-3

e=-0.aO1x-185 &x1a5 aep 50 volty

ali O1
1212022
TRANGFORMERS
us a dotio duuuel ue me maung bort

PIren Co

Prim o
Voltogel
Bpendory Votge

lur YPdd)
(/P) EmE in the
/Pis) pruma Magrito

ti RH Aule
ale
lunfreduid
side onh
Ebucamdasy
w an eluethormagnle diure ud
Uranomei n
Ju or mete elhctrual
fes Liansh f
wnvgy bel
a iaznue hilel as The wuplri
syslems uith

4 moke porsble to quneial thctrucoal ensay

at the most ucwonornte nualtage luul,
on
Tianshema eerals heruineaplu mulial
wnductamce bn Tuuo and 3omelmes mre
unduuulycoublud ces
vconsist Tuo
uwndung as shein un hgui Tuno uund e
ase cohled by magniuu 'unduelion.
Ow the
callid prudrnas us wnetguied by alnust
wwwndung
voltag. h scend nuneuing calld liccnda
he iuiu
ise

un Thu ,
lo
V.
fuds the loal.
un the I° nundrg eli up am altwnorg
altimolung

M 2 nurndrg is nkiol
tu
mat
 ad wn3 ae
lne and
thosueYhe m
wm wndueed wn un Whi uuuoducrol

a wnong
awwwment threugk
uunderngs

noung
wwnalumg
thu nug su
lend enniolud
the

ransfpd fiom
the
luwm
hCiutto
1oveut
he
the

magnehe hald
uit oht thonough d
V i applud to 1'.

Ni,arnd'Na,
veunent
E us
mducid ún
12. vConsuapuntly
Apenduig
th a
npon

Cauuse tomunal
gueltage Va thuans aeos the lend

As hut lle applualiom

Ac paun sydbm,
un
domormww ane thii sllp np utp daen o
dhansh omus
Astep np thanshotmu dranalormes
A loro vgllage, hugh tew eunvnt ne into a
Augh nueltage, low cunnt AC syslim hus 2
vodil oorsidt va dasgu mumben U lusms and 1o
ceil wontavms a fs Tams ie V,>V
slp down transomu eonusk
a hugh 1'uettage associatid lth doo vourkent
aleuw 2°nuolt ago uith high wwnunt, dene
wnlo
thuno. s
tms un the 1 ceil muck largei
vombanud to a°vcail i. e V Va
hpsanontarmons
on the olloung 3bau,
t
ane volasshdl
Jhamslarmns
OPosln nuuralung no h.t woe

Cou typu anlomt

hhull th trarapvm
hanalavmaluon
alo
OAtp- up thansham
stap-donon dranalorme

OAsibulion tramkosmuu
Pouus dranshormu
EMe 0a" amalavrne-
Cyde

Prno
T
BF> N, = mo. d nswn pma
Na mo. ums im sicondny

6tuauuney AC i/p
man" gunwn Uhe co = Bm h
 unmeitas ulo
nehlu, 300 Value to uls
yalue m wn one
quanln qThe wyol ae
0 Af

hanula
lone aug Kalu changu hlue m
1

Pm b/sc o Valt

.e hi altunaung votrye, the bun uull

.abim lhe veere and he nalne e the u

lun vahues hunusadally, Then Vms value

thu wndued
valu nuth
m Kam us cbtaineel
Ractor
by mutijlynig the

hug
= RmS
om acko Valuw J.11
hug. value

ims valuu wh /un =J.11 X

4.44f Pm
fom
velt

Naw wn Uhe uuheleupruimayy

AmS value mduced
us
Uundung

an the uhelo Sconday

RmS vale indluerd

wwndung us-
m am uolal ransfom on me koad,

V=e amd Va=Fz

hom 9" amd
.Nfdm Na
AAh f m N

N
calleol Jun valeo nuhene
abo eq" uis

K shmevn as hanslomaluen Aalo.

NOTE
Na >Ni u eK> 1,then Jransfomii w
calld sttp hanskormer. (Va7V

Na Stpue N K<1, uhen ranshomes s

Lcalld dasn hanthomei. (Vas Vi)

Kosus un ranakovmet

Setal poaun lossx wiugmang a tianshomiym

an be elassihiol nto thehalloung gtp

ron lossu,auseol varwung magmiusaleu. by

and 0vut m hansfoimer o andyoke
t ucon be eusttui classhud as
thysteiss loss

eddy wwment loss

 wwiv

losnes, Coui by the low

00c un 1 amd Iunding cwwent
2022
g:05/12/

at
losSLS
les
il
O helvud
vconsttut od
o vas wou awon loxaus
vo Tuus hots
sbvrasis
lus
wRBes md momul
wddy cunnent lossas
Ayst
ahon losSLS Vore called vos wonstamt lai
en use thul nanv prraetieal wmde/pendentol lood
wad
eleetnomag miu Ladomut wew Corku fploy
all ele a
tralewm dutovmnunim
cant aupmunt
and uembendlust usl
ng, ekowmey
doss
eystvress

hun Tthe cw us Wnngssd hom am Ae Suro

urne
dhu magtikung cusint vous Snusoidally suulh
nd Aimce hl magmiling ore,'H obplud To 7he

vourcuut
magmituc alsoolbemalurg
he Marualon en demsy one
13
uhur plotiid aganst magnilsn loroe H'Kal

.
tyole

Yahgon

bystvwsi

voim
ut

hi
komiš a oopcollud tyetoruss logb.
logb
loss
oa, grualu ve
dehemds upom
ahysteress locb agnlue materu
eonuemoy
vCene

mogmilue uo heursal
thehysteres
the foll&umg
loss

al nscd
 41ystvuss lass
( K,VG B,n
hvConstamt
V mol dl magmilue cou
nowme
5m mane walue Klue olumsuly

m-Stummet veonstant

eddy Cunnent Koss

us duw To dhe lo d wddy wwnemt wn he

magmiluc core thamshosme wausid by
the
&vkall wm unduced un th mmagnetue kuld
he lumu narymmg kuu un Uhe
remagnelw coe unoluuces em um ut and Cauiu

vCculatmg vourmt wn olosepath uuuhim Thi

body he ernornagniu mateual. hisee cunentr

o
ae calleo wddy cusnnts and gmies tue
nR Lou. ae lossus uore vcallid eddy cussnt

does

hoUonstant
ruauwm
m mam value
huchmeu d lamination
VValume d magmec mateuall
 imdhose ooxlk
docust
a he aamshomee lhat
oleeuc
ele Cwemt Coppots los6 us
du'hectly fpropo-
dtay to
Sguar uhe vunenE
duotal

ResListamee

Joss dccuwung
m 1'uumolmg 7 p
btal vu ess 2pRp +2Rs
t9

daual JAamsovmers

Phosordiogham
uideal taamdpm

OlP

Ea?a ,
On wdual Translomei,

ooutl = i/p pou

1,
E
E
2 Na, and E, aN
is surmil
as to V
E us vml a to V
also

Thonsom uhih is om all typu

9t w
rocuss s
k/as an thamskomu
udlal
nhuch has m
vOm wm agam ay thamskomue

Cou dosšes, emuc vesstamee Luneagel mo

Vott age Sauce V I
us ahlwd acrwsr Uhe
undng
Auundonig
amd a nuundung us ht ghen. he amd Na
N, ard
the mo d twms 1°and 9° numdung.
m us the magmitus alon ncutnent Blous Througk

the wndond uhe ianskosmt he magrl

LCunent farceluices he hhun pm un Uhe veo
the tharnsosmer
ds Uhe 1 thamskomei wpurel
the veoil

wnduetue, he
w magmilsurng veusnent undbces d
eythe umput moltageVg.
Uhanskom layamg 90°
he di n dhe unduced @n us uwwely
vhrohaitonal do the vasbliol ueltage.

al thonslormu
m
ltpence

he
b/ao B Pradhcal Ihanalom

hollouung Siplyrng asumpluons ase made

to wnable ranslovme to he Tvatid as an
Gdeal transome
8lmagntue kure wuated ey the 1°undung

uLurnhs

he ° 1 and
wulth

ule
the a undng. huri
woleumt obuplung
uumdungs haur 3eeo
w
us m0
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usitanoe,
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Susisturty Lox

he
ho
s
Jnss
dnkage

bauli
mo ystvru
o the wwmoung
hamae ueeney

dub To heistance
us
gUro
vs Jov

losk, wdoly wusnunt lors 1ama

. u. Aune

he
 g the vea u wmnulë so that
es behmeabdly
Gto mmk to vowole ue
um Uhu
tvitguie
uolto ia The duw Galio us
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aothe
dhe roalo u2
to 1 current
the
also
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us One uhiek has
raetroal hanskome
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hunr s a umhoge Kue

h Coe hosbymuipvmeab uly,
deo
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i ALad

T6 wstab ush Llu un he coe

hae are losses n he iansomes
vdue o
hsteusis oma lddy wunent
uundung tusutanmes,

Vhaoe the elhiowney oa foraslieal lansomes

Us less tham 10o