SMART FACTORY DESIGN

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 Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3

Literature Review............................................................................................................................3

Conceptual Design.........................................................................................................................10

Conceptual Development...............................................................................................................10

The technology used in Smart Factory..........................................................................................15

Benefits of Smart Factory..............................................................................................................16

Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................18

Reference List................................................................................................................................19

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Introduction

The smart factory is a digitized construction facility that is mainly used to connect devices,
machinery, and the production of systems that continuously collect data as well as share data.
This kind of data is used to inform the decisions to modify the designing methods that address
any other problem that arises. The main principle of designing the smart factory that is connected
for future purposes is to connect the data analysis as well as diagnose the data. The smart factory
design leads to the factory maintenance part. It modifies the procedure as well as it optimizes the
facilities. The smart factory designing part is mainly used to depend on the renewed technology
as well as it is connected to operate the facility.
A large group of specialists in a particular sector of the business ought to carry out this
evaluation. The efficiency of the coordination increases with the number of employee groups that
can participate in improvement. In order to ensure that new equipment can be used, employees
may also require training. In fact, as structures of the smart factory are discovered, factors of
development that are gathered to improvements are made in the construction, inspected, or
repaired, and the skills required for staff shift rather than decrease. The engineer is familiar with
the controls, and the employees are IT structural professionals who are looking for areas that
need improvement. The employees need to come up with plans that address the process of
optimization, increased revenue, lower fees, and time savings throughout the smart factory
production process.

Literature Review

Smart Manufacturing
Smart Manufacturing Company and Industry 4.0 are responsible for the improvement and
development of the construction industry. Development of the automation technologies, process
modeling, data science, and process control principles are linked with the fourth industrial
revolution technologies in this construction field by observing the competitive and diverse
situation. In the construction industry, the company executives used innovative techniques and
AI in the production unit by following the overall conditions in this diverse condition. Qu, et al.
(2019), stated that the innovative technologies of Industry 4.0 are responsible for the

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transformation of manufacturing companies into intelligent enterprises in this competitive and
diverse market. The advanced technologies of this manufacturing firm are the Internet of Things
(IoT), Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), cloud Computing, Big-data analysis, blockchain
technology, etc. These are crucial tools for the development of Smart Manufacturing Systems in
various industries in this digitalized and globalized world by observing the dynamism in this
market. It has now become the focus of many developed countries for the economic development
process and maintaining the total carbon-emission level in the atmosphere. Different industries
have different types of applications for these automotive tools. The researchers of this paper
indicate the requirements of these technologies in the SMSs in this digital era.
Smart Factory
The introduction of the IoT is interlinked with the manufacturing procedure of the business
entities in this complicated and diverse condition by following the overall structure in this
diverse and competitive situation according to the complicated situation. Kumaraswamy, et al.
(2019), stated that designing a smart factory is interlinked with the smart manufacturing procedure
by following the overall circumstances in this competitive and diverse situation after following
the overall structure of this industry. “Smart” implies the collection of data regarding the
manufacturing procedure and transformation of all data. The “smart factory” is applicable for the
optimization of the entire working procedure to monitor the risks and measure the functionality
of the wider network according to the overall structure in this business world. It is also important
to consider the new conditions of the designing procedure of a new smart factory by following
the overall market characteristics in this construction industry. Industry 4.0 is linked with the
development of these smart manufacturing companies by following the overall structure
according to the manufacturing procedure in this construction industry. Business planners used
some innovative technologies for the improvement of the designing procedure of smart factories
in this competitive market. Researchers interpreted that a Smart factory is essential for the
development of the entire business operations and reduces the waste amount of the
manufacturing entities in the construction industry.

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 Figure 1: Framework of Smart Factory
(Source: Kumaraswamy, et al. 2019)

Key Technologies in the Smart Manufacturing Factory

(a) Internet of Things (IoT)
Industry 4.0 brings advanced technologies to the manufacturing sector for the improvement of
the entire production activities in this diverse and competitive situation. According to Saqlain, et
al. (2019), the Internet of Things (IoT) is the most influential and advanced tool in the
manufacturing sector for the transformation of business operations from digital to intelligence.
These technologies are effective to reduce the costs of the manufacturing procedure in any
factory. The IoT is the global network structure in the manufacturing firm by using different
physical devices such as sensors, computing devices, actuators, mechanical machines, smart
applications, and the labor force that becomes a crucial part of the internet in this manufacturing
sector. These devices are the source of data in the manufacturing sector which provide abundant
information and knowledge regarding the manufacturing procedures of other companies in this
diverse and competitive competition. The IoT-based “Industrial Data Management” (IDA)
framework is essential to monitor and manage data mining, online monitoring, and control of the
manufacturing activities in this smart factory. This research article interpreted that IoT and IDA
increased revenue, product qualities, and customer satisfaction level of the smart factories up to
33.1%, 11%, and 22.1% respectively in this digitalized world. The evolution of IoT devices
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improved the business operations of these construction companies by following the overall
structure of these manufacturing companies in this critical situation.

Figure 2: Revolution of Internet of Things

(Source: Saqlain, et al. 2019)

(b) 3D Printing Technologies:

Mittal, et al. (2019), interpreted that 3D printing technologies are essential for the improvement of
the manufacturing procedure of the construction entities in this industry. It changed the ideas of
the manufacturers and enhanced the designs of the models by using some effective technologies
in the manufacturing procedure. These advanced printing techniques improved the overall
manufacturing operations in this digitalized era. Researchers suggested that 3D printing is
responsible for the transformation of the existing digital manufacturing procedure into an
intelligent manufacturing procedure by business organizers and leaders in this sector. According
to this article, the global market for AI will increase to $72 billion in 2021 from $8 billion in
2016. Along with this, the market for 3D technologies and other innovative tools would also
increase by 2021. This technology is helpful to provide new designs for the manufacturers in this
industrial segment. However, the adoption of robotics and 3D printing are in their early stages in
the manufacturing procedure by observing the diverse conditions in this market. These
technologies are the least usable tools in the manufacturing sector. This technology is useful for

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rapidly developing different functional prototypes and “end-used” parts including all the details
of the manufacturing procedure. Therefore, it is useful to improve the manufacturing procedures
of the business firm in this diverse and complicated manufacturing procedure.

Figure 3: Used of 3D Printing for Smart Manufacturing Factory

(Source: Mittal, et al. 2019)

(c) Cloud Computing in Smart Factory

Another important technology in this smart factory is “cloud computing”. This innovative tool is
useful for the storage of large-size data on the manufacturing procedure of the manufacturing
entities in this diverse and complicated condition. Hu, et al. (2018), stated that “Cloud computing”
increased the productivity level of the business entities for designing a new model for brick
manufacturing companies. It is used for storing the structure data of the company and also
performing the data mining and filtering procedure in this tool. The cloud server is essential for
the permanent storage of data of manufacturing companies in this digitized world. This tool is
effective for storing important data before starting the transmission procedure in this business
organization. It would help to achieve smart manufacturing goals and maintain flexibility in the
manufacturing practices of the company executives. There are a variety of cloud computing
servers in the business world based on the current manufacturing and business operations in this
competitive market. The important platforms are SaaS, IaaS, and PaaS. Cloud Server is effective

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during the proposed reliable and secure framework for the manufacturing companies and it
improves the overall manufacturing operations in this globalized and digitalized world.
(d) Enterprise resource Planning (ERP)
According to Kusiak, (2018), resource planning is linked with the manufacturing procedure of any
business entity in this diverse situation. It is a centralized method for the manufacturing entities
to boost the productivity and efficiency level of the business organizations in this diverse
situation. Coordination and management are also linked with the manufacturing procedure of the
business entities in this digital world after observing the actual condition of the business firms in
this era. Company executives used different manufacturing tools to improve the production
procedure of the manufacturing companies in this complicated and diverse condition. Resource
planning is linked with the proper manufacturing procedure for the reduction of waste amount,
especially for construction companies in the market dynamics. For achieving a net-zero waste
level in the brick manufacturing entity it is important to adopt an effective resource plan to
improve the business operations and reduce the extra expenditure costs of the firms. ERP is
helpful for managing the supply chain, and inventory amount of the business entity, and provides
quality assurance depending on the actual requirements of the customers of the product market.
Innovative technologies are effective in the resource planning procedure and transformed the
existing planning procedure of the smart manufacturing firms in this Industry 4.0.
(e) Artificial Intelligence and Big Data
In the smart factory, a large number of detectors or sensors are used by the business leaders by
following the actual requirements in the designing procedure based on the competitive and
diverse situation in this market highlighted by Nguyen, et al. (2019). These physical techniques are
effective to increase the revenue level of the company. The fundamental characteristics of Big
data analytics are “Volatility”; “Veracity”; and “Value”. Big data is useful in the data analytics
procedure for business organizations in this diverse and competitive situation according to
complicated manufacturing situations. “Big data analytics” is useful in the optimization and
planning procedure for entrepreneurs in this diverse situation. The data collection procedure is
also linked with the data analysis procedure by following the optimization procedure in this
complicated condition. The application of Big data analytics is important for the improvement of
business operations in this manufacturing sector. It increased the market revenue by 20% and
also enhanced the return level of the business retailers in this investment sector. Artificial

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Intelligence is linked with the high standard business operations of manufacturing companies in
this complicated situation by following the overall market dynamics in this business
environment. In this case, “Machine Learning” (ML) algorithms are important for the
improvement of the designing procedure in this construction industrial sector.
Opportunities and Challenges of Smart Factory
Smart manufacturing factories are linked with the overall designing and manufacturing
procedure of the business sectors especially in this construction industry by following the overall
market dynamics. Implications of innovative technologies in business operations and designing
procedures improved the overall mechanism of business operations in this diverse and
complicated situation. Smart technologies improved overall business operations (Wan, et al.
2018). In the construction industry, automotive technologies reduced the operations costs of
business entities by maintaining salary structure for the workers as per the dynamism of this
business world. AI and robotics in the manufacturing sector reduced extra expenditures of the
firms and increased the average revenue in this business world. IoT enabled devices, CPSs,
Cloud servers, etc. improved the designing procedure of the new smart factory outlet of the brick
manufacturing entities in this industry. It also increased the job opportunity level for high-skilled
workers in this technical field as per the changes in this digitalized world.
Meng, et al. (2018), portrayed that 3D printing technology is useful for creating advanced and
innovative designs for smart factories as per the diverse and competitive situation in this business
world. Automotive technologies also increased the productivity level of these smart companies
and will be effective for maintaining an innovative supply chain module for this company. On
the other hand, the cloud server is responsible for the mining and storage of large-size data in the
manufacturing procedure based on the actual requirements of the customers in this construction
sector. Block technologies are useful for the improvement of the manufacturing and designing
procedures of smart manufacturing companies based on the actual requirements of the customers
in this field. Therefore, it brings many opportunities for these smart companies in the designing
of a new manufacturing entity. These innovative tools are responsible for achieving the net-zero
level by considering the current climate change situation in this business world. These
automotive technologies are responsible for the waste management procedure for the
construction industries as per the fundamental requirements of the construction firms.

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According to Gao, et al. (2020), smart technologies also bring different challenges for business
entities in the designing and manufacturing procedure in this diverse and complicated situation
depending on the overall market structure in this situation. These challenges are responsible for
the disruptions of the entire activities of the business firms in this complicated situation as per
the competitive situation in this field. The important challenges regarding smart factories are -
● Technical skills gaps of the workers in the construction industry are based on the
implications of these innovative tools in the designing procedure. According to the
researchers, the technical gap reduced the productivity level of smart companies.
● Data Sensitivity - It is important to maintain the data privacy level of the smart factories
after the successful implementation of AI algorithms in the data mining and data
analytics procedure.
● Interoperability - It limits the upgradation system for the innovative procedures in these
smart manufacturing companies as per the diverse and competitive situation in this
designing procedure.
● Maintaining security in the smart factory is another important challenge.
● Handling the data growth - It is a challenging situation for handling the usage of data in
smart factories.

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Conceptual Design

Digital
Twins

Quality of Smart
Data
the Factory sensitivity
product
Design

security of
the system

Figure 4: Conceptual Framework

(Source: Self-Created)

Conceptual Development

For the software designing part, the MATLAB platform is used.

Figure 5: Block diagram of the stereo analysis

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 (Source: Self-Created in MATLAB)
The above figure presents the block diagram of the “stereo analysis” part. This part is created in
the MATLAB programming platform.

Figure 6: Block diagram of the cps_physics

(Source: Self-Created in MATLAB)
The above figure presents the block diagram of the “cps_physics” part. This part is created in the
MATLAB programming platform.

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 Figure 7: Block diagram of the slider processor
(Source: Self-Created in MATLAB)
The above figure presents the block diagram of the “slider processor” part. This part is created in
the MATLAB programming platform.

Figure 8: Block diagram of the slow network

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 (Source: Self-Created in MATLAB)
The above figure presents the block diagram of the “slow network ” part. This part is created in
the MATLAB programming platform.

Figure 9: Block diagram of the start of the software part

(Source: Self-Created in MATLAB)
The above figure presents the block diagram of the starting part of the smart factory designing
part. This part is created in the MATLAB programming platform.

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 Figure 10: Coding part of the start of the software part
(Source: Self-Created in MATLAB)
The above figure presents the coding part of the smart factory startup designing part. This part is
created in the MATLAB programming platform. Different kinds of libraries are used to create
this software design part. Use the “disp” function in the designing part of this software that is
shown. The “open_system” is a library that is specified for the modeling of the data. The design
of the block is involved in this library. For any of the graphical designing parts this library is
used.

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 Figure 11: Nozzleops part of the start of the software part
(Source: Self-Created in MATLAB)
The above figure presents the Nozzleops part of the smart factory designing part. This part is
created in the MATLAB programming platform. For the “nozzle” designing part this command
is used. The method that is used for the design of any “nozzle” design identifies any kind of
shape. For this smart factory designing part helps to structure of the robots design. For using the
“classdef” function it helps to define the clss. The class variable function is used to define the
class the class for the “Nozzle” part. The class is mainly refer in the MATLAB platform that it is
a template for the purpose that gives to proper description of all the elements as well as
subelements of the instance of the class. The class members is belongs that all the element,
process and events that is mainly define the class of the software part. The class attributes are
mainly used for the classes that is mainly used for the blocks that are mainly involved in the
coding part. In the MATLAB programming platform are # types of attributes are used.

The technology used in Smart Factory

The designing part of the smart factory is mainly used for variation of the technology that is
connected to the fourth-generation industry revolution for analyzing the smart construction
process (Yildiz, 2021). For creating the smart factory that involved the below-mentioned
technologies such as:
Sensors
Sensors that are implemented on the devices and the machine design that is used for the
mentioned stages of creation to gather the data that can be used to analyze the methods (Wu,
2022). For example, a sensor that can analyze the temperature or other variables is used. It is
mainly used for the self-correcting problem as well as it is analyzed for the staff of smart

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factories. These sensors can be connected to a network structure to connect the monitor to the
devices for the different machines.

Cloud Computing
The data is stored and processed in the selected dataset for the smart factory design. The data is
stored from the sensing devices (Nwakanma, et al. 2021). These sensing devices achieve the
cloud computing design. It is more flexible as well as it is cheaper than the traditional storage for
the virtual software designing part. For the data storage purpose allows for data storage purposes
(Wan, et al, 2018).
Big data analysis
The application of these data to provide insight into the performance of crafting techniques is
millions of miles away from being possible as more records are gathered (Sjödin, 2018). There
are many exception guarantees involved. These data can be shared between various businesses
and plants to solve common issues and streamline procedures (Shi, 2020).

Virtual and Augmented Reality

“Augmented Truth” is a more immersive digital world that requires its own pair of glasses,
whereas “augmented truth” is a “virtual reality” in which virtual records are superimposed on
truth and viewed through smartphones (Mehrpouya, et al. 2019). Experienced plant managers
can make use of both technologies to organize products, manufacturing commitments, equipment
preservation, and recovery.

Digital Twins
A digital twin can be present for the procedure as well as it is the physical purpose and it
operates the performance in the real world (Jung, et al. 2021). Thus the purpose of the smart
factory design is to lead the efficiency for modification for managing the control design as well
as it is analyzed for the planning of the software work.

Benefits of Smart Factory

Smart factories are useful for the designing and decision-making procedure for business
executives and designers in this industry. Smart factories connected the advice and smart tools in

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the decision-making procedure based on some evidence and information in the decision-making
procedure as per the requirements of the construction firms in this manufacturing procedure.
These tools are effective in the optimization procedure of the efficiency and capacity level of the
smart manufacturing factories in this construction industry (Park, et al. 2019). The innovative
tools of Industry 4.0 are providing support to the designers in the designing procedure as per the
fundamental requirements of the manufacturers in this construction industry.
An agile and interactive production procedure can increase the capability level of both the
manufacturing technologies of employees in the manufacturing sector as per the diverse and
competitive situation in this world (Mabkhot, et al. 2018). These technologies are helpful to
reduce the operational costs, manufacturing time, and waste level from the manufacturing sector
in this competitive market by following the overall situation in the designing procedure of a
brick manufacturing firm. Brick manufacturing firms produced an extra amount of waste and
disposed of them into nature. Therefore, it is essential to install recycling and automotive
technologies in the manufacturing sector for the bricks. These innovative tools are effective to
reduce the waste level at the net-aero level and maintain the future sustainability of this new
company in this product market.
It is also effective to measure the usage of the extra resources in the manufacturing procedure
based on the requirements. Innovative techniques are useful for the allocation of input materials
in the production procedure in this digitalized era by following the overall situation in this
complicated and diverse condition (Ho, et al. 2019). Big data analytics are useful to identify and
reduce the extra resources in the production procedure and increase the capability and efficiency
level by increasing the investment level in the new resources.
Planning, quality control, proper resource allocation, etc are interlinked with the design and
operations of this new smart factory. It is important to adopt a proper strategy for the allocation
of the input materials in the production procedure of different types of bricks based on the
different requirements of customers in different geographical regions. This company has
produced pink bricks for the USA and blue bricks for the UK. Therefore, it is important to
implement a better logistic structure in the international market for maintaining the flows of
these outputs and their respective input materials in the manufacturing unit (Shi, et al. 2020).
Smart manufacturing units used AI and robotics technology in the supply chain management
procedure of this company for the improvement of the productivity level of this company.

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Designers and business owners to assess the feedback before implementation of any advanced
and innovative technologies in the manufacturing sector by following the overall situation in this
business market as per the diverse and competitive situation. Feedbacks are important for the
optimization of the overall production procedure of the business firms as per the requirements in
the construction industry.
There are some long-term benefits regarding the implementation of these innovative tools in the
designing of smart factories for a brick manufacturing firm in the construction industry. In this
case, employers introduced ML for making decisions regarding the design procedure. It is
effective in the data collection and data analysis practices for maintaining the extra expenses and
waste level of this brick company in the global market (Sjödin, et al. 2018). These smart designs
and technologies are useful for designing a smart manufacturing company and increasing the
productivity level of this factory in the international market. Therefore, it is helpful to avoid the
production shutdown of this smart factory.

Conclusion

The designing part of the smart factory uses a series of various types of methods that are created
to connect to produce that it is able to gather as well as process the data and it transmits the
modification for the efficiency, safety, and security of the designing purpose of the smart factory.
The construction can be analyzed and enhanced by the technology that is maintained for the
modification to maintenance, logistics, timing, and utilized for the employees.
The smart manufacturing industry has the potential to actively participate in the trend toward
Industry 4.0 and experience improvements throughout the manufacturing process by making use
of factual analysis, sensors, and the Internet of Things. Given the costs of retraining staff,
installing security structures, and upgrading equipment, not all organizations can currently justify
charging for services. The decision to make the manufacturing unit smart aims to connect all
company departments, but in the end, it's mostly based on comparing whether it's really worth it
for the plant or company model in question. It has to be structured for the maintenance of the
smart factory design.

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