Homework Solution 13

Problem 1.

Figure 1: Problem 1

y(x) = c0 + c1 x + c2 x2 + c3 x3
1) For node 1which is fixed on the wall.

v = y(0) = c0 = 0
∂y(0)
φ= = c1 = 0
∂x
2) Error function R

∂ 2y
R = EI − M (x)
∂x2
= EI(2c2 + 6c3 ) − P (L − x)

Collocation Method
L PL
R(c, ) = EI(2c2 + 3c3 L) − =0
2 2
R(c, L) = EI(2c2 + 6c3 L) = 0
P
⇒c3 = −
6EI
PL
c2 =
2EI

1
Subdomain Method
Z L Z L
2 2
Rdx = 0 = EI(2c2 + 6c3 x) − P (L − x)dx
0 0
3 P L2 1
= EI(c2 L + c3 L2 ) − + P L2 = 0
4 2 8
Z L Z L
Rdx = 0 = EI(2c2 + 6c3 x) − P (L − x)
L L
2 2

9 P L2 3
= EI(c2 L + c3 L2 ) − + P L2 = 0
4 2 8
P
⇒c3 = −
6EI
PL
c2 =
2EI
Least Square
Z L Z L
∂R
R dx = 0 = [EI(2c2 + 6c3 x) − P (L − x)]2EIdx
0 ∂c2 0
P L22
= EI(2c2 L + 3c3 L ) − =0
2
Z L Z L
∂R
R dx = 0 = [EI(2c2 + 6c3 x) − P (L − x)]6EIx
0 ∂c3 0
P L2 P L2
= EI(c2 L + 2c3 L2 ) − + =0
2 3
P
⇒c3 = −
6EI
PL
c2 =
2EI
Galerkin’s Method
Z L Z L
2
Rx dx = 0 = [EI(2c2 x2 + 6c3 x3 ) − P (L − x)x2 ]dx
0 0
2 3 1 1
= EI( c2 L3 + c3 L4 ) − P L4 ( − ) = 0
3 2 3 4
Z L Z L
Rx3 dx = 0 = [EI(2c2 x3 + 6c3 x4 ) − P (L − x)x3 ]dx
0 0
1 6 1 1
= EI( c2 L4 + c3 L5 ) − P L4 ( − ) = 0
2 5 4 5
P
⇒c3 = −
6EI
PL
c2 =
2EI

2
3)

PL 2 P 3
y(x) = x − x
2EI 6EI
Maximum deflection is at x=L
P L 2 P L3 P L3
y(L) = L − =
2EI 6EI 3EI

3
Problem 2.
d y 2
We have error function R as R = dx 2 − c, and y(x) = y1 N1 + y2 N2

Based on the Galerkin’s method, we have,

Z L Z L
0= RWi dx = RNi dx
0 0
L Z L
d2 y
Z
= N dx −
2 i
cNi dx
0 dx 0
Z L Z L
dy L dy dNi
= (Ni )|0 − dx − cNi dx
dx 0 dx dx 0

Thus,
Z L Z L
dy dy dNi
(Ni )|L0 − cNi dx = dx
dx 0 0 dx dx
In this equation, we have,
x x
[N ] = [1 − ]
L L
dy y2 − y1
=
dx L
dN 1 1
= [− ]
dx L L
Which gives the left side of the equation,
dy L y2 − y1
i = 1, − |x=0 − c( ) = (−1)
dx 2 L
dy L y2 − y1
i = 2, |x=L − c( ) = (1)
dx 2 L
And this gives,
cL dy
      
1 1 −1 y1 − dx |x=0
=− 2
cL + dy
L −1 1 y2 2 |
dx x=L