THE HISTORY OF BANGLADESH

Archaic European geographers discovered heaven at the mouth of

the Ganges, and while this was a bit optimistic, Bengal was most
certainly the richest part of the subcontinent right up to the
fifteenth century. The region's early history saw a succession of
Indian realms, internal strife, and a power struggle between
Hinduism and Buddhism. All of this was a prelude to the
unrelenting wave of Islam that poured across northern India
around the end of the eleventh century.

In 1199, Mohammed Bakhtiar of Turkistan captured Bengal with

only 20 soldiers thanks to an unexplained strong and crafty
method. Artifacts and literature flourished under Mughal
ambassadors, land trade expanded, and Bengal opened up to
global maritime trade. This was the last option to mark the end of
Mughal rule as Europeans settled the area. The Portuguese arrived
ahead of schedule in the 14th century but were driven out by local
opposition in 1633. In 1690, the East India Company arranged for
a reinforced general store to be built in Calcutta. The fall of
Mughal rule triggered a more pronounced communal
independence and heralded the rise of the Nawab of Bengal's
autonomous system. A humble East India Company official,
Robert Clive, became the true ruler of Bengal when he cast out
the unfortunates who were not killed. After the Indian Rebellion
of 1857, Clive recaptured Calcutta a year after he and the British
government replaced the East India Company.

Britain's government and its queen established an unprecedented

hierarchical and social structure in Bengal, and Calcutta became
one of the subcontinent's most important commercial,
educational, and cultural cities. However, many Bangladeshi
paleontologists blame British forced farming and the expansion of
the semi-primitive zamindar framework for depleting the region's
wealth and undermining social structures. It was beneficial for
sectarian Hindus but disastrous for Muslims. Hindus assisted the
British by enrolling in British educational institutions and
dedicating themselves to English. The Muslims, however, refused
to cooperate and rebelled when harvests failed or government
policy led to an unfavorable supply of other common items.

By the end of World War II, European imperialism appeared to

have taken off, and Indian autonomy appeared to be unavoidable.
We gained freedom in 1947, but the fight was hard and
exhausting. Serious internal tensions hampered the quest for
autonomy, particularly in Bengal. Recognizing that the agreement
between Muslims and Hindus was illogical, the British decided to
split the subcontinent. Her two mostly Muslim provinces of
Bengal and Punjab in India were only one obstacle. In Bengal, the
situation was chaotic, with the Hindu-dominated western
metropolis of Calcutta handling and shipping an important cash
crop of jute grown in the Muslim-dominated east.

Despite numerous and fluctuated complaints, the segment was

legitimate and East Bengal turned into a disregarded territory of
East Pakistan. There was no point: the imbalance between the two
locales immediately evoked a feeling of Bengali patriotism that
had not been considered while looking for Muslim freedom. At
the point when the Pakistani government proclaimed "Urdu, and
just Urdu" to be the public language, Bangla-communicating in
Bengalis concluded the time had come to declare their social
character. Endeavors to bring it transformed into a self-overseeing
development, and when the patriot Awami League won a greater
part in the 1971 public decisions, the Pakistani president,
confronted with this unsuitable result, deferred the kickoff of the
National Assembly. did. gathering. Uproars and strikes were
ejected in East Pakistan, the autonomous province of Bangladesh
was singularly announced, and Pakistan sent troops to subdue the
disobedience.
The conflict that followed was one of the most limited and
bloodiest in present-day times as Pakistani powers caught every
significant city, utilized napalm against towns, and slaughtered
and assaulted villagers. Bangladesh depicts Pakistan's fierce
crackdown as an endeavored decimation. The boundary question
between Pakistan and India increased as Indian-prepared
Bangladeshi guerrillas crossed the border. The war ejected when
the Pakistani Air Force sent off a preplanned strike on Indian
powers. Indian powers crossed the line and Pakistani powers were
gone after by Indian powers in the east, guerrillas in the north and
east, and regular citizens on all sides. In 11 days it was
everywhere and the world's 139th nation, Bangladesh, was
authoritatively established. Sheikh Mujib, one of the organizers
behind the Awami League, turned into the nation's most
memorable top state leader in January 1972. did. He was killed in
1975 during a period of emergency.
In 1973-74, the crushed new nation endured famine, which was
followed by military regulation, escalating military disturbances,
and political fatalities. In 1979, Bangladesh embarked on a brief
vote-based experiment led by the well-known President Zia, who
established excellent connections with Western and oil-rich
Muslim nations. His death in 1981 finally reverted the country to
a tactical system, and he made ambiguous statements that races
would be held "soon." These declarations were excitedly hailed
by the neighborhood press as evidence that Bangladesh was for
sure a vote-based system, however, bore no natural product until
the 1991 Awami League and Bangladesh Nationalist Party
coalition which paved way for democracy in Bangladesh

A majority rule government was reestablished in 1991 and

Begum Khaleda Zia became the top state leader. The economy
developed at a 4.5% rate and binds with Western powers fortified
as the public authority sent troops to help the Gulf War, the US-
drove intrusion of Haiti, and the Bosnian War. Until 1994,
On March 30, Begum Khaleda Zia surrendered and an in-between
time government headed by Muhammad Habibur Rahman was
selected. An alliance government driven by Sheikh Hasina Wajid
of the Awami League was chosen.

In October 2001, the Bangladesh Nationalist Party won the

parliamentary elections and Begum Khaleda Zia was sworn in as
prime minister. In 2003 the Awami League sent off a progression
of meetings and periodic strikes to prepare resistance to the public
authority. The August 2004 and January 2005 lethal assaults on
meetings started a progression of public and neighborhood
association strikes and fight to blame the public authority for
attempting to kill Hasina Wazed.

On August 17, 2005, around 200 minor bombings happened in 60

regions. The assault had all the earmarks of being crafted by
aggressors pushing the foundation of Islamic rule in Bangladesh.
In February 2005 he was prohibited by two fanatic gatherings.
Soon after the assault, the public authority started capturing
individuals from the gathering, and Islamic fanatics kept on doing
assaults, including self-destruction bombings. Awami League
endeavors to sabotage the public authority in 2006 included: It
remembered the barricade of Dhaka for June, prompting conflicts
with police and a 36-hour general strike. In the meantime, in May
and June, piece of clothing laborers revolted and challenged
working circumstances. Numerous industrial facilities were
burned to the ground and hundreds were annihilated.

Zia's cabinet resigned in October in preparation for the January

2007 elections. In the weeks leading up to his resignation, the
question of who should run the interim government loomed, with
the BNP, the Awami League, and other parties unable to reach an
agreement and violent infighting among party supporters.
Ultimately, President Iajuddin Ahmed was appointed chief
adviser to the interim government. Disagreements over election
administration led to violent assembly and transportation
blockades by the Awami League and its allies, and the 14-party
coalition declared a boycott of the January 2007 elections.

After the United Nations and the European Union pulled out of
their help for the decisions, the president proclaimed a highly
sensitive situation, surrendered as a boss consultant, selected
financial specialist and previous national bank lead representative
Fakhruddin Ahmed to the post, and delayed the race. . The
Awami League and its partners halted their fights when
Fakhruddin Ahmed shaped a bureau. The new military-upheld
government then left on a cleanup of electing rolls and a battle
against debasement. A few noticeable lawmakers and business
figures have been captured on defilement allegations, and Hasina
Wazed and other conspicuous government officials have been
accused of murders connected with political viciousness. The
public authority moved to remove her Wazed and her Khaleda Zia
in April 2007, however at that point headed in a different
direction. Wazed and Zia were consequently prosecuted for
defilement.

President Ahmed's term finished in September 2007, however,

Ahmed stayed in office since parliament was not working. From
July 2007 to September, Bangladesh was hit by two far-reaching
destroying floods from storm precipitation, and in November a
typhoon crushed the southwest, killing more than 3,000
individuals. has kicked the bucket. In November, a concise
oceanic showdown broke out between Bangladesh and Myanmar
in the Bay of Bengal when a Bangladeshi maritime vessel stood
up to a Myanmar oil and gas investigation vessel in the contested
waters.

In December 2008, the public authority at long last lifted the

highly sensitive situation fourteen days before the overall political
decision. Both previous state leaders then crusaded. The Awami
League won a mind-boggling larger part, and Sheikh Hasina
Wazid became Prime Minister in January 2009, denoting the end
of the caretaker government. Zia and her BNP asserted the
political race was manipulated, however unfamiliar onlookers
said the political decision was valid. In February 2009
paramilitary line monitors mutinied.

The riot centered around the Bangladesh Rifles headquarters in

Dhaka. More than 70 people died, most of them regular military
officers enlisted in the army, killed by the rebels. About 6,800
people were eventually convicted of their involvement in the
rebellion, and more than 150 were sentenced to death.

In June 2010, the BNP staged an anti-government protest strike,

which was accompanied by textile workers' rallies against poor
salaries. Protests against pay erupted again at the end of July.
Several union officials were detained in August for instigating
violence. In 2011 and 2012, the opposition-sponsored
demonstrations and strikes increased. Several opposition
members of his BNP-affiliated Islamist party Jamaat e-Islami,
which was predominantly opposed to Bangladesh's independence,
were convicted of war crimes during the independence struggle in
2013, 2014, and 2015. (Jamaat e-Islami has also been deemed
unlawful.) Opposition parties argued that the trial was politically
motivated and that the succession of judgments, most of which
included death sentences, sparked Islamist strikes and rioting.
Beginning in 2013, there was a series of deadly attacks by
Islamists on academics, secular individuals, members of religious
minorities, and others that continued in subsequent years.

Since then Awami League has been running the country.