2019-2020 CP Chemistry

Unit 6 – Gases and Gas Stoichiometry – Review

W
1. If 2.0 L of a gas at a pressure of 2.4 atm is compressed to a volume LESS THAN 2.0 L, what do you know
about the final pressure of the gas?

2. Which of the following is/are TRUE according to the kinetic molecular theory?
a. Gases are in constant random, straight-line motion.
b. The average kinetic energy of gas particles is directly related to the temperature of the particles.
c. Collisions between gas particles are perfectly inelastic.
d. There are multiple forces of attraction between gas particles in a sample.
e. The size of gas particles is significantly larger than the space between particles in a sample.

3. Given samples of N2, SO2, Cl2, and F2, at the sample conditions of temperature, pressure and volume:
a. Which sample will diffuse at the fastest rate? Why?

b. Which sample contains the greatest mass? Why?

c. Which sample contains the greatest number of molecules? Why?

d. Which sample contains molecules at the highest velocity? Why?

e. Which sample contains molecules with the greatest average kinetic energy? Why?

4. Convert 1.15 atm to kPa. Show your work!

5. Convert 1.15 atm to mm Hg. Show your work!

6. List 3 DIFFERENT ways that the pressure of sample of gas could be decreased.

7. What is the value and units of the ideal gas constant R? _________________________

8. What is standard temperature: _____________℃ and ______________ K.

9. What is standard pressure: ____________ atm ____________ torr ______________ mm Hg _____________ kPa.

10. How many liters will 4.00 mol Ar occupy at STP?

P 1 P2
11. Rearrange the equation = to solve for final temperature.
T1 T 2
12. Tire pressure generally increases after driving a car for a period of time. EXPLAIN why this is true.
13. Sketch a graph that shows the relationship between volume vs. pressure of 1.00 mol He gas when
temperature is held constant.

14. Sketch a graph that shows the relationship between volume vs. temperature of 1.00 mol He gas when
pressure is held constant.

15. At 1.00 atm, a sealed weather balloon contains 2.0 L of He gas at 25.0 ℃ . If the temperature of the weather
balloon is increased to 35.0℃ , calculate the volume of the He gas in the balloon. Show your work.

16. If the volume of a gas is increased by a factor of 4 and temperature is held constant, what should happen to
the pressure of the gas?

17. Convert -54.4 °C to Kelvin.

18. At 15°C, 0.252 mol of Ar gas occupies 174 mL. Calculate the pressure of the Ar gas (in atm). Show your
work.

19. As the temperature of a gas decreases, what happens to:

a. Volume?
b. Average kinetic energy?
c. Pressure?

20. What is the difference between diffusion and effusion of gas particles? Give an example of each.

21. The following gases are each in their own balloon, each filled to the same volume at 298 K and 1.00 atm
pressure: Br2 Cl2 NH3 H2
a. Which gas will have the slowest speed?
b. Which balloon will have the greatest mass?
c. Twelve hours after being filled, all the balloons have decreased in size. Which balloon will be the
smallest?
d. Which gas will have the greatest kinetic energy?
e. Which has a greater number of molecules?
22. A rigid metal tank contains oxygen gas. When additional oxygen gas is added to the tank at the same
temperature:
a. What happens to the volume of the gas?
b. What happens to the pressure of the gas?
c. What happens to the average kinetic energy of the gas molecules?
d. What happens to the average distance between the gas molecules?

23. For each set of variables, describe the relationship as direct or indirect. Assume that all other factors are
held constant for each set.
a. P and V
b. V and T
c. P and T
d. V and n (moles)
e. P and n (moles)

24. The three gas samples shown below are all at the same temperature. How is it possible that the sample of
hydrogen gas has a lower volume and pressure than the other two gas samples?

25. Two samples of gas are in separate 2-L flasks at STP.

a. List all the factors that are the SAME for each gas.

b. List all the factors that are different for each gas.

26. How many liters of NH , at STP, will react with 12.3 g O to form NO and water? Show your work!
4NH (g) + 7O (g) 4NO + 6H O(g)
27. A gas exerts a pressure of 2.00 atm at standard temperature, 273.0 K. What must the temperature be
adjusted to for the gas to exert a pressure of 4.00 atm? Give your final answer in ℃ . Show your work!

28. Calculate the approximate volume of a 0.800 mol sample of gas at 35.0ºC and a pressure of 1.34 atm. Show
your work!

29. A balloon is filled with 2.50 L of water at 288 K. If the balloon is placed outdoors on a hot day and the volume
expands to 3.01 L, that is the temperature outside? Give your final answer in ℃ . Show your work!

30. A helium-filled balloon has a volume of 47.0 L at 45°C and 1.18 atm. What volume will it have at 0.785 atm
if the temperature is held constant? Show your work!