10.

arteries capiaries and veins

A) Arteries are adapted to deal with high blood pressure, thick outer wall, narrow lumen, thick layer
of muscle.

B) veins are adapted to deal with low blood pressure, thinner layers of muscle and elastic fibres than
arteries, wider lumen

C) capillary, very small lumen (the size of a red blood cell), walls are only 1 cell thick, gap in cell wall
allow exchange of plasma with surrounding tissue.

Veins:

Veins have valves to control the bloods direction of flow, as long as the blood is flowing towards the
heart the flow of blood keeps the valves open. If the blood tries to flow away from the heart the
valves shut.

The veins in limbs flow between muscle. When the muscles contract, they squeeze the veins.

1. Capillaries are adapted for the exchange of materials like:

- The delivery of oxygen and glucose to, and the removal of carbon dioxide and other
wastes in the body’s tissues
- Absorption of nutrients in the small intestine
- Exchange of gasses in the lungs
- Filtration and reabsorption of materials from the blood in the kidneys.

Capillary bed: large collective surface area, blood flows very slowly through the capillary
beds, low pressure