INTERNSHIP REPORT

Building Arduino robots and devices

Under guidance of: presented by:

Md. Zakeer ahmed. J.srikanth(B151701)

CONTENTS FOR BUILDING ARDUINO ROBOTS AND DEVICES :
• Introduction to Arduino
• Micro controllers
• Types of Arduino
• Sensors
• Arduino coding
• Components in Arduino
• How to build Arduino robots

Introduction to Arduino :
Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use
hardware and software. Arduino boards are able to read inputs - light on a
sensor, a finger on a button, or a Twitter message - and turn it into an
output - activating a motor, turning on an LED, publishing something online.

A MICRO CONTROLLER BOARD , CONTAINS ON BOARD POWER SUPPLY USB PORT TO

COMMUNICATE WITH THE SYSTEM AND AN AMTEL MICRO CONTROLLER CHIP.
IT SIMPLIFY THE PROCESS OF CREATING ANY CONTROL SYSTEM BY PROVIDING THE STANDARD
PROGRAMED AND CONNECTED TO THE SYSTEM WITH OUT THE NEED OF ANY SPHOPISTICATED
PCB DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION.
IT IS AN OPEN SOURCE HARDWARE,SO ANYONE CAN HAVE ACCESS AND DESIGN AND USE IT for
self.

Arduino have a special programming language called Arduino IDE which we have
to learn to develop Arduino .Arduino can be programmed with high level
launguages like python and Java .

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Micro controllers:

• IT IS A MICRO COMPUTER AS ANY COMPUTER IT HAS INTERNAL CPU,RAM ,IOS

INTERFACE IT IS
USED FOR CONTROL PURPOSES AND DATA ANALYSIS.
• SOME OF THE EXAMPLES OF FAMOUS MICRO CONTROLLERS ARE
MICROCHIP,AMTEL,INTEL,ANALOG DEVICES.

Microcontroller is an integrated circuit (IC) device used for controlling other

portions of an electronic system, usually via a microprocessor unit (MPU),
memory, and some peripherals.

Micro controllers are embedded inside devices to control the actions and
features of a product. Hence, they can also be referred to as embedded
controllers. ..Microcontroller can take inputs from the device they
controlling and retain control by sending the device signals to different
parts of the device.

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Types of Arduino:

There are mainly 6 types of Arduino boards in which the operating and
processing vary from one board to other .

• ARDUINO UNO
• ARDUINO MEGA
• ARDUINO LILYPAD
• ARDUINO BT
• ARDUINO NANO
• ARDUINO MIN

Arduino Uno : The Arduino Uno is an open-source

microcontroller board based on the Microchip ATmega328P
microcontroller and developed by Arduino.cc. The board is
equipped with sets of digital and analog input/output pins
that may be interfaced to various expansion boards and
other circuits.

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 SENSORS:

A sensor is a device that detects the change in the

environment and responds to some output on the
other system. A sensor converts a physical
phenomenon into a measurable analog voltage (or
sometimes a digital signal) converted into a human-
readable display or transmitted for reading or further
processing.

MAINLY THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF SENSORS IN ARDUINO

1.ANALOG
2.DIGITAL
• ANALOG : OBSERVES THE CHANGES IN EXTERNAL
FACTORS AND GIVES THE ANALOG
OUTPUT .IT IS A CONTINUOUS SIGNAL
( ACCELEROMETER,LIGHT SIGNALS)
• DIGITAL : DIGAITAL SENSORS ARE THE TIME SEPERATED
SIGNALS WHICH GIVES OUTPUT
ACCORDING TO THE CHANGES IN SIGNAL IN DIFFERENT
TIME INTERVALS (PUSH BUTTONS )

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 General types of sensors we use in daily life are :

• Temperature Sensor.
• Proximity Sensor.
• Accelerometer.
• IR Sensor (Infrared Sensor)
• Pressure Sensor.
• Light Sensor.
• Ultrasonic Sensor.
• Smoke, Gas and Alcohol Sensor.

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 Arduino coding :

Arduino code is written in C++ with an addition of special

methods and functions, which we'll mention later on. C++ is
a human-readable programming language. When you create
a 'sketch' (the name given to Arduino code files), it is
processed and compiled to machine language.

• IN ORDER TO CONNECT AN ARDUINO BOARD TO YOUR

COMPUTER YOU NEED A USB
CABLE. WHEN USING THE ARDUINO UNO, THE USB
TRANSFERS THE DATA IN THE
PROGRAM DIRECTLY TO YOUR BOARD. THE USB CABLE IS
USED TO POWER
YOUR ARDUINO. YOU CAN ALSO RUN YOUR
ARDUINOTHROUGH AN EXTERNAL
POWER SOURCE.
• WE USE CONTROL STATEMENTS AND LOOP
STATEMENTS TO BUILD A CODE IN ARDUINO AND
CAN COMPLETELY CONTROL BY THE PROGRAM.

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 Control statements in Arduino : It takes an expression in
parenthesis and a statement or block of statements. ... If the
expression is true then the statement or block of statements
gets executed otherwise these statements are skipped.

Loop statements in Arduino : After creating a

setup() function, which initializes and sets the initial
values, the loop() function does precisely what its
name suggests, and loops consecutively, allowing
your program to change and respond. Use it to
actively control the Arduino board.

How to build Arduino robots:

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 • PARTS/TOOLS

• MAKING THE CHASSISBREAD BOARD AND

ARDUINO

• WHEELS AND CLUSTERS

• WIRING THE SYSTEM

• ADDING THE SENSORS

• CONNECTING POWER

• ADDING KILL SWITCH

• PROGRAMMING THE ARDUINO .

By the above mentioned way we can create and

use the Arduino robots .

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 References:

Course era building Arduino robots and

devices.

Http//Arduino launguage/homeinterfacee

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