AR-406

THEORY OF STRUCTURES

AHTESHAM KHAN
B.ARCH 4RTH YR (SFS)
19BAT1005
D/O ARCH. JMI
 15 January 1934 Extensive damages to buildings
Magnitude 8.1 Earthquake Official death toll 7253
Thousands injured

The Bihar-Nepal Earthquake of 1934

Numerous earthquakes had occurred throughout history
and had a catastrophic impact on the places they struck.
Earthquake threats to public safety are fundamentally linked to
structural stability seismic vibration generated by earthquakes
put stress on building structures ultimately causing failure and
collapse
Shear Wall
To combat these stresses, shear walls are design to resist in-plane lateral forces caused by
seismic waves. A shear wall is a vertical component of a system that is intended to withstand
lateral forces acting in-plane, typically earthquake and wind loads.

Control Sidesway
Earthquake Force

Sliding Resistance
Uplift Resistance
Steel Plated
Shear Walls
CONTENT

1. Steel plate shear walls (SPSW) & Types

2. Worldwide applications
3. Why Steel Plate Shear Walls?
4. Advantages of SPSW
5. Disadvantages of SPSW
6. Steel Plate Shear Wall Configuration
7. Construction Considerations
8. Conclusion
9. Bibliography
Steel plate shear walls
(SPSW)
A steel plate shear wall, also known as a
special plate steel wall, is a lateral load-
resisting system made up of vertical steel
plate sections that are attached to the
nearby beams and columns and set in one
or more bays along the entire height of the
building. Typical SPSW with nomenclature

Types
1. Un-stiffened steel plate
2. Stiffened steel plate shear wall
3. Composite concrete steel plate
shear wall
United States Federal Courthouse

Worldwide applications
Seattle, WA
23 stories | 106 m Shinjuku Nomura Building
Tokyo,Japan
51 stories | 210 m

To promote a better knowledge of the

system's behaviour, particularly in relation
to earthquake-resistant construction, there
have been various SPSW research
programmes over this time period in the
United States, Canada, and Japan. SPSW
was the primary lateral force resisting
system in several large construction
projects.
Hyatt Regency Hotel at Reunion steel plate
Dallas TX
50, stories | 172 m
Why Steel Plate Shear Walls?

Energy dissipation correlates to

structural integrity

Concrete System
Ground vibrations cause foundation
displacement

Weight increases horizontal and

vertical load pressure

SPSW system
 The advantages and disadvantages of SPSW
systems depend on the type of building
being considered, as indicated below.

Advantages of SPSW
Wall Thickness Lesser weight
Wall Thickness: SPSW allow for less
structural wall thickness in comparison to
the thickness of concrete shear walls.
Building Weight: SPSW result in a lesser
Fast Construction Ductile Tested building weight in comparison to buildings
that use concrete shear walls
Tested System: At least two buildings that Fast Construction: The use of a SPSW
use SPSW as their primary lateral force system reduces construction time.
resisting system have undergone Ductility: A relatively thin steel plate has
significant earthquake ground shaking. excellent post-buckling capacity.
Disadvantages of SPSW
Stiffness: SPSW systems are usually more
flexible in comparison to concrete shear
walls, primarily due to their flexural
flexibility.
Stiffness
Construction Sequence: Excessive initial
compressive force in the steel plate panel
may delay the development of the
tension-field action.
New System: Due to unfamiliarity with the Construction Sequence

system, a contractor will typically

estimate a relatively high erected cost.

High erected cost

 Core
Steel Plate Shear Wall
Configuration
There are two distinct SPSW
configurations: core systems and planar
systems. Depending on the building
layout, size, and height, one type may be
more advantageous than the other.
SPSW core systems
SPSW core systems are best suited for
medium- to high-rise buildings.
Multiple planar SPSW are more
suitable for low-rise buildings and
also for rehabilitating existing
buildings.
Multiple planar SPSW
Construction Considerations

There are several important factors that

need to be considered by the engineer in
order to produce good SPSW behavior and
an efficient construction process.
SPSW Fabricated Panel Size and
Details.
Careful Construction Sequence Plan.
Stability During Construction.
Conclusion
Conclusion

For more than three decades, SPSW systems have been utilized as the major lateral force
resisting system in structures, albeit to a limited extent. SPSW systems appear to be here to stay
based on their recent strong performance in large earthquakes, dependable performance in the
lab, and recent inclusion in codes and standards.
Bibliography
Team LHI, "The Bihar Nepal Earthquake of 1924", July 3, 2022,
https://www.livehistoryindia.com/story/eras/bihar-nepal [Date accessed 26-11-2022]
HT Correspondent, "Five major earthquakes to have struck India", Apr 25, 2015,
https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/five-major-earthquakes-to-have-struck-
india/story-0TIxSQULO1tYXGTEcOlqQL.html [Date accessed 26-11-2022]
Jeffrey W Berman, "Research Needs and Future Directions for Steel Plate Shear Walls",
Oct, 2008, https://www.researchgate.net/figure/SPSW-WITH-INTERMEDIATE-
STRUTS_fig1_228498475/[Date accessed 3-12-2022]
Ignasius F. Seilie, P.E. and John D. Hooper, "Steel Plate Shear Walls: Practical Design and
Construction" April,2005, https://www.aisc.org/globalassets/modern-
steel/archives/2005/04/2005v04_steel_plate.pdf [Date accessed 4-12-2022]