Acid base Regulation - Dr.

Al-Matary

acid base regulation



Acid base balance

acid base balance

acid
acid
hydrogen ions

H ion donor Acid

H ion Ionized
acid

Acid
H ion ionized

H2 CO3 HCL
Hydrogen ion HCL
H ions carbonic acid

strong acid HCL

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Acid base Regulation - Dr. Al-Matary

weak acid H2 CO3

strong acid
H ions
H ions
H ions ionization
PH

Carbonic acid
weak acid carbonic acid
weak acid
H ions

H2 CO3 HCL

HCL

H ions
HCL

acid
strong acid weak acid

Buffer
H ions Buffer
H ions Buffer

weak acid
PH

H ions Buffer
PH weak acid

Buffer
By definition
Salt of weak acid

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Acid base Regulation - Dr. Al-Matary

Na HCO3

alkaline acidic
Nutrient

H ion
weak acid weak acid
PH
buffer

salt of weak acid << Buffer

nutrient Salt

H ion
weak acid H ions
PH weak acid
by definition << buffer

acid
acid
H ion
H ions strong acid
H ions weak acid

Buffer
nutrient Buffer
Salt of weak acid

weak acid H ion

PH

acid
metabolism

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Acid base Regulation - Dr. Al-Matary

anaerobic aerobic
Aerobic
oxygen

ATP

H2 CO3 Carbonic acid CO2

carbonic acid
alkaline acidic carbonic acid
Acidic

carbonic acid carbonic acid Carbonic acid

anaerobic
acid
Lactic acid
acidic

acid metabolism
acid anaerobic Aerobic

acid metabolism
acid

acid metabolism

mainly

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Acid base Regulation - Dr. Al-Matary

buffer
salt of weak acid

buffer
buffer

buffer
intracellular buffering effect 60 % 

buffer

curve
shift to the left
shift to the right
curve
curve

buffer buffer

fluid buffering effect 40 % 

buffering effect 60 % 

salt of weak acid

Na HCO3 

lactate 
buffers

salt of weak acid

buffer

lactate

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Acid base Regulation - Dr. Al-Matary

buffer

Lung

H ion
carbonic acid H2 CO3

H ion
carbonic acid

Lung

carbonic acid

Kidney

carbonic anhydrase

proximal convoluted tubules

distal convoluted tubules

Lung

mainly metabolism
buffering effect 60 %

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Acid base Regulation - Dr. Al-Matary

buffering effect 40 %

buffering

Dilution 


dilution

60 %

dilution

dilution

70 %

70 %

dilution

dilution

dilution

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 Acid base Regulation - Dr. Al-Matary

dilution

Lung and kidney

equation


acid base balance

PH
PH

PH

pKa + log ( HCO3 / H2CO3 )

pKa + log ( HCO3 / H2CO3 ) PH

constant
3.14 22/7

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Acid base Regulation - Dr. Al-Matary

dissociation constant )

dissociation constant

6.1 carbonic acid

2 HCL

pKa

6.1 << carbonic acid

Normal carbonic acid

20

6.1 << pKa

Normal carbonic acid

1.3

7.4 PH

1.3
7.4 6.1 + 1.3 PH

PH

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Acid base Regulation - Dr. Al-Matary

buffering effect

6.1 pKa
PH

6.1
PH
20

20

level
carbonic acid level

carbonic acid

respiratory alkalosis respiratory acidosis

metabolic alkalosis Metabolic acidosis

6.1 pKa
20

acid base balance

acid base balance MCQ

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Acid base Regulation - Dr. Al-Matary

Level
carbonic acid level
ratio
20

 

tachypnea Tachypnea
CO2 wash

carbonic acid wash

CO2 wash
carbonic acid wash

Alkalosis

alkalosis

Kidney
carbonic acid Lung
carbonic acid

lung carbonic acid

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Acid base Regulation - Dr. Al-Matary

Kidney

20

Lung

20 kidney
PH
alkalosis

kidney
capacity

respiratory alkalosis
PH
alkalosis

alkalosis PH

renal compensation
kidney

carbonic acid Level

carbonic acid ratio

Lung
kidney

20

alkalosis

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Acid base Regulation - Dr. Al-Matary

renal compensation

PH

carbonic acid ratio

20

carbonic acid

carbonic acid

20

carbonic acid
kidney carbonic acid

alkalosis
alkalosis
renal compensation
respiratory alkalosis

respiratory failure
pulmonary fibrosis Respiratory failure

fibrosis Healing T.B. T.B.

respiratory failure

respiratory failure
CO2 retention carbon dioxide retention

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Acid base Regulation - Dr. Al-Matary

CO2 retention

carbonic acid
carbonic acid
Kidney

carbonic acid

20
kidney

acidosis

renal compensation

acidosis PH respiratory failure

carbonic acid
kidney

acidosis

PH

ratio
carbonic acid

20

respiratory alkalosis
respiratory acidosis
renal compensation

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Acid base Regulation - Dr. Al-Matary

Metabolic acidosis
metabolic acidosis
H ions

metabolic acidosis
 Diabetic
 keto

diabetic keto acidosis

H ions

Diabetic keto acidosis DKA

H ions

acid
hydrogen ions

H ions

Carbonic acid

carbonic acid H ions

carbonic acid

carbonic acid

Diabetic keto acidosis

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Acid base Regulation - Dr. Al-Matary

Hydrogen ion

carbonic acid

Lung
wash
CO2 Wash

carbonic acid
wash Lung

Diabetic keto acidosis

CO2 wash

Lung

Kidney

carbonic acid
excretion kidney

acidosis
failure << system
to compensate kidney Lung

Diabetic keto acidosis

PH
<< Acidosis

Diabetic keto acidosis

PH

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Acid base Regulation - Dr. Al-Matary

H ions
compensation
to compensate

metabolic acidosis
respiratory acidosis

Respiratory acidosis
PH

Metabolic acidosis
PH

renal compensation
PH

metabolic

PH
respiratory

metabolic alkalosis
metabolic alkalosis
CHIPS

HCL
HCL

HCL metabolic alkalosis

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Acid base Regulation - Dr. Al-Matary

carbonic acid

Lung


HCL
Pyloric obstruction HCL
GIT
stomach HCL

HCL

Lung

Lung

carbonic acid
20 carbonic acid

Lung

Metabolic alkalosis

Lung
Lung

carbonic acid Lung

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 Acid base Regulation - Dr. Al-Matary

Lung
metabolic alkalosis
PH

PH
carbonic acid ratio mainly
20

kidney lung
20

alkalosis acidosis
PH

metabolic respiratory

Metabolic << PH
respiratory << H

renal compensation lung

lung compensation

acidosis alkalosis PH

acid base regulation

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Acid base Regulation - Dr. Al-Matary

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