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CONSTRAI
NTSANDEFFECTIVI
TYOFMODULARDELI
VERYMODETOSTUDENTS’
LESSONRETENTI
ONI
NENGLISH

J
ovenv.
Pas
cual

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uar
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I
ntr
oduct
ion

“
Givethewor
ldthebes
tyouhaveanditmayneverbeenough;
Gi
vetheworl
dthebestyou’
vegot
,ANYWAY.”-MotherTeres
a

I
fonehast
olookc
los
elyatt
hec
ont
empor
arypr
obl
em ofhowt
orai
set
hequal
i
tyof

educ
ati
on,nomat
terwhatt
hedi
sci
pli
nei
s,i
twoul
dbeobvi
oust
hatt
heans
werl
i
esi
n

t
her
ighteduc
ati
onalobj
ect
ivesatoneend,ef
fec
tiveeval
uat
ionatt
heot
her
,wi
th

i
nst
ruc
tionalpr
ocedur
esandmat
eri
alsi
nbet
ween.Eval
uat
ionofs
tudent
slear
ningt
o

c
hec
kon whet
hert
heeduc
ati
onalobj
ect
iveshasbeen ac
hieved c
annotbedone

t
hor
oughl
yift
hei
nst
ruc
tionalmat
eri
alsar
enotf
ir
sts
ubj
ect
edt
oeval
uat
ion(
Robl
es,

1
993)
.Thenat
ureoft
hel
ear
ningpr
oces
shasbeens
tudi
edbydi
ff
erentps
ychol
ogi
sts

(
Gregor
io,
1976)
.Manyex
per
iment
swer
eper
for
medandt
hel
i
ter
atur
eont
hes
ubj
ect
sis

vol
umi
nous
.Ther
ehasbeenac
ont
inualpr
ogr
essi
nex
plor
ingwhati
snotk
nownabout

l
ear
ning.eac
hyears
eesnew di
scover
iesandhypot
hes
es.Somepr
opos
ehypot
hes
es

wer
e pr
oven wr
ong and s
ome ol
derdi
scover
ies wer
e made el
i
gibl
efoe maj
or

modi
fi
cat
ion.Bas
edonagr
eatnumberofs
tudi
esonhow c
hil
drenl
ear
n,educ
ator
s

c
amet
odef
inet
eac
hingas“
anaggr
egat
eofor
gani
zeds
trat
egi
cmet
hodol
ogi
esai
med

t
opr
oduc
eades
iredl
ear
ningout
come”(
Sal
andanan,
2005)
.Itc
ons
ist
sofwel
l
-pl
anned

t
ask
swhi
chc
onnec
tthet
eac
her
’sent
ir
eac
ttol
ear
ning.Lear
ningi
sthedef
ini
tegoal

andt
eac
hingt
heni
saper
sonalvent
ure.Theac
toft
eac
hingi
ssoc
ompl
ext
hati
t

c
annotbes
aidt
hatas
pec
ifi
cwayoft
eac
hingi
ssuper
iort
oot
herwaysf
oral
lpur
pos
es,
wi
thal
lteavher
s,wi
thal
lst
udent
sforal
lti
mesandc
irc
ums
tanc
e.Cer
tai
npr
ocedur
es,

t
eac
hings
tyl
esandt
echni
quest
hatar
egener
all
ynotr
ecommendeds
eem t
o

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wor
kwel
lforas
pec
ifi
cteac
her
.Ther
eisnof
astr
ulei
nthec
hoi
ceoft
hebes
tst
rat
egyt
o

beus
edi
nteac
hing.Thet
eac
hers
houl
dadaptdi
ff
erents
trat
egi
esoft
eac
hingt
osui
t

t
heneedsoft
hes
tudent
s(Abad,2006)
.thes
kil
li
nsel
ect
ingt
her
ights
trat
egi
esi
nthe

c
ont
extofapar
ti
cul
arl
ess
oni
scr
it
ical(
Sal
andanan,2005)
.Thet
eac
hers
houl
dbe

k
nowl
edgeabl
eandobs
ervantenoughonhoet
hes
tudent
slear
ntobeabl
etoappl
y

t
he appr
opr
iat
eteac
hing t
echni
quesand s
trat
egi
es.Gr
egor
io(
1976)c
lai
med t
hat

s
ucc
ess
fulc
las
sroom i
nst
ruc
tiondependsupont
het
echni
quesoft
eac
hing;t
hroughi
t,

t
he l
ear
ning ac
tivi
ty of t
he l
ear
ner
sis gui
ded.Lear
ner
s ac
tivi
ty,wi
thout t
he

or
gani
zat
ionofef
for
tandmat
eri
alt
oac
hieveadef
ini
tegoal
,woul
dbeawas
teoft
ime

andef
for
tandwoul
dnotac
hieves
ati
sf
act
oryr
esul
tsi
ncont
entl
ear
nedors
tudyhabi
ts.

I
tist
het
eac
hingt
echni
quest
hatpr
ovi
dest
hisgui
danc
efort
hel
ear
ner
s.I
nthepr
esent

t
imes
,manypeopl
efi
ndmat
hemat
icsdi
ff
icul
ttounder
stand.di
ff
erenti
nst
ruc
tional

t
echni
quesands
trat
egi
eshavebeendepl
oyedt
oenhanc
ethet
eac
hing- l
ear
ning

pr
oces
sinamat
hemat
icsc
las
s.Oneoft
hebes
tmet
hodsi
nmak
ingt
hes
tudent
s

under
standmat
hemat
ical
conc
ept
sist
hepr
obl
em s
olvi
ng.
lear
ningmat
hemat
icsus
ing

t
hismet
hodi
npar
ti
cul
arenhanc
est
hec
rit
icalt
hink
ings
kil
l
soft
hel
ear
ner
s.However
,

t
hisi
ssomuc
haf
fec
tedbyt
heabi
l
ityoft
het
eac
hert
osys
temat
ical
l
ypr
esentt
he
c
onc
ept
sfori
tsex
ist
enc
e.

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Revi
ewofRel
atedl
i
ter
atur
eandSt
udi
es

The obj
ect
ivesofdemoc
rat
ic educ
ati
on i
sthe opt
imum devel
opmentoft
he

i
ndi
vi
dual
.Tomeett
hisend,i
tisi
mper
ati
vet
hatgr
eat
erat
tent
ions
houl
dbegi
vent
o

t
heneedsofi
ndi
vi
duall
ear
ner
s–t
hust
hedemandf
ori
ndi
vi
duali
nst
ruc
tion.I
ndi
vi
dual

i
nst
ruc
tioni
sbac
kedbyt
hephi
l
osophyt
hatever
ychi
l
disuni
que.Peopl
edevel
opat

di
ff
erentr
ates
.Devel
opmenti
srel
ati
vel
yor
der
lyanddevel
opmentt
akesgr
adual
l
y.

(
Wool
fol
k,1
990)0ne t
echni
que t
oindi
vi
dual
i
ze i
nst
ruc
tion i
sto us
e modul
ari
zed

i
nst
ruc
tion,
wher
eindi
vi
dual
dif
fer
enc
esofl
ear
ner
sint
hei
rcapac
iti
est
olear
nar
etak
en

i
nto ac
count
.Indi
vi
dual
i
zed i
nst
ruc
tion devel
ops c
rit
icalt
hink
ing.St
udent
s ar
e

enc
our
agedt
oques
tion,c
rit
ici
zeandar
guet
hei
rpoi
ntofvi
ew.I
tal
sodevel
opsone’
s

s
elf
-conc
eptbyr
ecogni
zi
ngt
hedes
irabi
l
ityofi
ndi
vi
dualdi
ff
erenc
es.t
hebas
isf
ort
his

appr
oac
hist
hef
actt
hatever
yst
udent
sisuni
quewi
thhi
sownpot
ent
ial
s,abi
l
iti
es,

i
nter
est
s,andneeds
.Thus
,not
wos
tudent
scanl
ear
nthes
amec
onc
ept
satt
hes
ame
r
atei
nthe s
ame manner
.The Phi
l
ippi
ne Educ
ati
on quar
ter
ly(
1985,asc
ited by

Fi
guer
res
,1994)r
epor
tedt
hatmodul
esc
ant
aket
hepl
aceoft
het
eac
her
.Thes
esel
f-

l
ear
ningdevi
ceshel
plear
ner
stol
ear
norac
qui
ress
kil
l
s,k
nowl
edgeandi
nfor
mat
ioni
n

t
heabs
enc
eoft
eac
her
.Thes
emat
eri
alspr
ovi
des
uff
ici
entr
einf
orc
ement
,enr
ichment

ands
our
cemat
eri
als
.Theyal
l
ow al
sot
hel
ear
nert
owor
katar
ates
tyl
eandl
evel

s
ituat
edt
ohi
scapac
ity.Amongt
hef
ormsofi
ndi
vi
dual
i
zedi
nst
ruc
tion,modul
esar
e

ef
fec
tiveandec
onomi
cali
ndevel
opi
ngs
pec
ifi
cknowl
edgeands
kil
l
s.Modul
esi
nduc
e

l
ear
ningwi
thmi
nimum t
eac
herdi
rec
tionands
uper
vis
ion.
Fur
ther
mor
e,t
hes
edevel
op

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l
ear
ning and gr
adi
ng s
trat
egi
es,i
mpr
ovec
las
sroom managementt
echni
ques
,and

enc
our
ageac
hievementf
orgr
eat
erus
eofex
ist
ingeduc
ati
onalr
esour
cest
hrought
he

es
tabl
i
shmentofr
eal
i
sti
cobt
ainabl
elear
ninggoal
swi
thi
nani
ndi
vi
dual
i
zedpr
ogr
am of

s
tudi
es(
Ril
l
o,1
995)
.A modul
eisa s
elf
-cont
ained,i
ndependentuni
tofi
nst
ruc
tion

pr
epar
ed f
or t
he pur
pos
e of at
tai
ning s
pec
ifi
cins
truc
tional obj
ect
ives
.Iti
s

c
har
act
eri
sti
cal
l
ysel
f-
dir
ect
ing s
inc
eiti
ncl
udes i
nst
ruc
tions on how t
he var
ious

i
nves
tigat
ion wi
l
lbepur
sued al
soi
ncl
uded i
sa l
i
sti
ng oft
hemat
eri
alsand ot
her

r
esour
cest
hats
houl
dac
companyt
het
extoft
hemodul
e.Cl
ass
room i
nst
ruc
tionus
ing

modul
esi
sdes
cri
bedass
elf
-pac
ingwher
ethel
ear
ner
spr
ogr
esst
hrought
hel
ear
ning

t
ask
sathi
sown r
ate(
Sal
andanan,2001
).Loc
kedwook (
1998)di
ff
erent
iat
ed t
he

c
har
act
eri
sti
coft
ext
bookandmodul
esandpoi
ntedoutt
headvant
agesoft
hel
att
er,
to
wi
t:modul
esar
ous
eint
eres
t,wr
it
tenf
orl
ear
nerus
e;gi
vees
timat
eofs
tudyt
ime,ar
e

des
ignedf
orpar
ti
cul
araudi
enc
e;al
waysgi
vesai
msandobj
ect
ives
,mayhavemany

wayst
hrough i
t;ar
est
ruc
tur
ed ac
cor
ding t
otheneedsoft
hel
ear
ner
s;pr
imar
il
y

emphas
ize s
elf
-as
ses
sment
;can be al
ertt
o pot
ent
ialdi
ff
icul
ti
es;al
ways of
ten

s
ummar
ies
;ar
eper
sonali
nst
yle;ar
econt
entunpac
ked;havemor
eopen l
ayout
;

al
waysc
onduc
tlear
ner
s’eval
uat
ion,pr
ovi
des
tudys
kil
ladvi
ce;i
nst
ruc
tionalmat
eri
als

ar
ethos
ewhi
char
edes
cri
bet
obes
elf
-cont
ainedandt
hemannerofpr
esent
ati
oni
s

s
ucht
hatt
hel
ear
ningac
tivi
ti
esc
anbeunder
tak
eni
ndi
vi
dual
l
yori
nsmal
lgr
oups
.Thes
e

mat
eri
alsar
emos
tef
fec
tivel
yus
edi
nindi
vi
dual
i
zedi
nst
ruc
tionpr
ogr
ams
.Thes
elf
-

i
nst
ruc
tionalmodul
e hel
ps i
n pr
ovi
ding r
emedi
ali
nst
ruc
tion f
or s
low l
ear
ner
s

enr
ichmentmat
eri
alsf
orf
astl
ear
ner
s.Topi
csc
anbes
tbepr
esent
ed

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t
hrought
hes
esel
f-
ins
truc
tionalmat
eri
als
.Wi
tht
heus
eofone,t
hes
tudenti
sal
l
owed

ampl
eti
meandas
sis
tanc
etof
ini
sht
hepr
esc
ribedl
ear
ningac
tivi
tyathi
sownpac
e.

Thel
ess
onwi
l
lsur
elybeenj
oyedandt
heex
per
ienc
egai
nedwi
l
lbes
ati
sf
ying.
Thebes
t

f
eat
uresofs
elf
-i
nst
ruc
tionalmat
eri
alar
edes
cri
bedbyRac
e(1
989)
.Heex
plai
nedt
hat

s
elf
-i
nst
ruc
tionalmat
eri
alsmayc
omei
nthef
orm ofmodul
es,
sel
f-
lear
ningk
its
,andt
he

l
i
ke,andar
eint
erac
tion-
cent
eredr
athert
hanc
ont
ent
-cent
ered.Thes
ear
ewr
it
tent
o

ent
icet
hel
ear
nerorgett
hel
ear
neri
nter
est
edandi
nvol
ved.
Sel
f-
ins
truc
tional
mat
eri
als

devel
opt
hes
elf
-es
teem ofl
ear
ner
sandgi
vet
hem ac
onf
idenc
eboos
t.Thi
sispos
sibl
e
bec
aus
ethel
ear
ner
sar
egi
vent
hef
ramewor
kwi
thi
nwhi
cht
othi
nkt
hingsoutf
or

t
hems
elves
.Mor
eimpor
tant
ly,t
hel
ear
ner
sar
egi
vent
hec
redi
tfort
henewl
yac
qui
red

k
nowl
edge.Mos
tsel
f-
ins
truc
tionalmat
eri
alsar
epur
pos
e-bui
l
tandar
est
ruc
tur
edt
o

meett
hel
ear
ner
s’needs
.Rac
efur
theremphas
izedt
hatt
hemai
npr
inc
ipl
eunder
lyi
ng

t
he us
e ofs
elf
-i
nst
ruc
tionalmat
eri
alsi
sto mak
elear
ning r
eac
tive,i
nter
est
ing,

s
ucc
ess
fulandhumane.I
nfor
malandbr
iefl
ect
uresaswel
lasex
planat
ionsar
ewel
l
-

s
uit
edt
olar
gegr
oupswher
einf
ew mat
eri
alsandequi
pmentneeded.Thes
ecanal
so

beus
edi
nregul
arc
las
sroom,s
mal
lgr
oupsandl
arges
ett
ings
.However
,lec
tur
ingi
s

of
tendes
cri
bedas“
unnec
ess
ary”
,“dul
l
”and“
was
teoft
ime”
.Itwaspoi
ntedoutt
hatt
he

l
ear
ner
sinc
reas
ethes
tudent
s’pas
sivi
tyandr
educ
ethes
tudent
s’r
olenot
-not
etak
ing

i
nst
eadofmor
eac
tivel
ear
ning.
Anot
herc
rit
icnot
edt
hati
fas
tudent
smi
ssesapoi
ntor

i
slos
tdur
ingl
ect
uri
ng,heors
hec
annoti
nter
ruptf
oraper
sonalex
planat
ion ors
top

andr
evi
ew,
aswi
thabook
,comput
erpr
ogr
am,
ort
ape(
Cas
til
l
on–Boi
ser
,

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ippi
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(
2000)
.Asus
edi
nhi
ghereduc
ati
on,l
ect
ures
trat
egyi
sat
eac
hingpr
ocedur
ewhi
ch

i
nvol
vesc
las
sif
icat
ion,ex
pos
iti
on,anddes
cri
pti
onofs
omemaj
ori
deast
hathavebeen

c
asti
ntot
hef
ormsofques
tions
.thef
undament
alai
m ofl
ect
ure,
ist
odevel
opt
heac
tof

l
i
steni
ngandt
odevel
opc
reat
ivet
hink
ingandr
eas
oni
ng.I
tist
her
efor
erec
ommended

t
hat
,fort
he l
ear
nert
o be ef
fec
tive and pr
oduc
tive,i
tmus
tbe i
nter
est
ing,wel
l
-

ex
pres
sed,c
onc
ise,wel
l
-or
gani
zed,andadapt
edt
otheabi
l
iti
esandex
per
ienc
esof
l
i
stener
s(Zul
uet
aandGumbat
an,2003)
.tof
urt
herenr
icht
hiss
tudy,t
her
esear
cher

engagedi
nas
ear
chf
ors
tudi
esr
elat
edt
othi
sinves
tigat
ion.Al
ber
to(
asc
itedbyHena,

1
997)devel
opeds
elf
-i
nst
ruc
tionalmodul
esbas
edont
heneedsandi
nter
estoff
our
th

yearBSE/
BSEED s
tudent
s,t
heef
fec
tivenes
sofwhi
chs
het
est
edi
sanex
per
iment
al

r
esear
ch.t
her
esul
tshowedt
hatt
hemodul
eswer
eef
fec
tivet
ool
sinbr
ingi
ngabout

l
ear
ningasi
ndi
cat
edbyt
hehi
ghac
hievements
cor
esoft
heex
per
iment
algr
oup.The

pr
opos
edwor
ktex
toft
hatt
heNavar
ro(
1999)wasf
oundoutt
obes
uit
edf
ors
econd

yearEngi
neer
ing s
tudent
spr
oved s
tudent
sar
ecapabl
e ofper
for
ming bet
teri
n

Mat
hemat
icst
hrough t
he us
ed ofmodul
es.t
he s
tudy ofHena (
!1
997)on t
he

devel
opmentofmodul
esi
nBas
icMat
hemat
icsast
ri
edoutamongt
eac
hereduc
ati
on

s
tudent
spr
ovedt
hats
tudent
scapabl
eofper
for
mingbet
teri
nmat
hthr
ought
he

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i
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us
eofmodul
es.Sal
vac
ion (
2000)ex
per
iment
algr
oup ex
pos
ed t
othei
nst
ruc
tional

mat
eri
ali
nteac
hingf
undament
almat
hper
for
medbet
tert
hant
hec
ont
rol
l
edgr
oup.

Themodul
eswer
eac
cept
abl
east
ext
booki
nthes
ubj
ect
.Ani
nves
tigat
ionofMi
an(
1992)

i
nher“
Exper
iment
alSt
udyofTeac
hingSc
ienc
ethr
oughmodul
es”f
oundoutt
hather
s
tudent
swel
comedt
heus
eofmodul
esonac
countoft
hef
oll
owi
ngadvant
ages
:(1
)The

c
las
sdoesnothol
dfas
tst
udent
sbac
kandt
heyar
enotbor
edbyex
tradr
il
ltheydonot

needs
inc
etheymaygoonwi
tht
henex
ttopi
cinac
cor
danc
ewi
tht
hedec
isi
onoft
he

t
eac
her
.(2)Thes
tudentc
anpr
oceedathi
sownpac
eknowi
ngt
hathehasanex
cel
l
ent

oppor
tuni
tyofget
ti
nggr
adesc
ompar
abl
etot
hatoft
hef
asts
tudent
sandheget
smor
e

i
ndi
vi
dualat
tent
ioni
nti
mesofdi
ff
icul
ty.(
3)Al
lst
udent
sgets
teadyf
eedbac
kont
hei
r

pr
ogr
essandmor
eindi
vi
dualat
tent
ionwhenneeded.Rec
eno(
2001
)devel
opedand

eval
uat
ed i
nst
ruc
tionalmat
eri
alsf
ort
he enhanc
ementofl
i
steni
ng s
kil
l
s among

f
res
hmans
tudent
sofSt
.Mi
chaelc
oll
egeofLaguna.amongot
her
s,s
hec
onc
ludedt
hat

f
res
hmans
tudent
sneedsi
nst
ruc
tionalmat
eri
alt
hatwi
l
lhel
pthem r
eal
i
zeandmak
e

us
eon t
hei
rint
ernall
anguager
esour
cest
obeabl
eto at
tend t
o and appr
eci
ate

l
i
steni
ng.Aqui
no-
Danganan (
2001
)pr
opos
ed i
nst
ruc
tionalmodul
esi
n devel
opi
ng

c
omput
ati
onal
ski
l
lsi
nCol
l
egeAl
gebr
a.She ment
ionedt
hatt
hepr
opos
edi
nst
ruc
tional

modul
eshadt
it
les
,ins
truc
tiont
othel
ear
ner
s,r
ati
onal
,obj
ect
ives
,

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pr
etes
twi
thans
werk
eys
,wor
ksheetas
signment
,pr
ogr
essc
hec
kwi
thans
werk
eyand
pos
t-t
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werk
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ormatandl
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epr
oper
lyor
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c
learands
impl
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ect
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andex
erc
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aci
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itat
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ear
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egeAl
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a.Aggabao(
2002)madea

s
tudyai
medatdevel
opi
ngi
ndi
vi
dual
i
zeds
elf
-i
nst
ruc
tionalmodul
esons
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tedt
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cs

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nBas
icMat
hemat
icsf
ori
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tionalus
eoft
heTeac
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abel
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ate

Uni
ver
sit
y.Af
termak
ingus
eoft
heex
per
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almet
hod,c
onc
ludedt
hati
nst
ruc
tional

mat
eri
alsus
ed att
hec
oll
egef
orBas
icmat
hemat
icsar
einadequat
eand ar
enot

des
ignedf
ors
elf
-i
nst
ruc
tion;
thati
nst
ruc
tiont
hroughs
elf
-as
ses
sment
.

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Concept
ual
Framewor
k

Toohey(
1999)Bi
ggs(
1999)Roi
si
nDonnel
l
yandMar
ianFi
tzmaur
ice(
2005)des
igned

amodul
etof
orgeeduc
ati
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l
ysoundandl
ogi
call
i
nksbet
weenl
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ner
s’needs
,ai
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l
ear
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comes
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our
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ofas
ses
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NPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

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Thi
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oft
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r
elat
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near

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pr
oces
s.Seek
ingi
ncor
por
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oll
owi
ngt
oyourmodul
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anof
feramor
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pr
eponder
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i
kel
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ost
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i
nter
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entandot
her
s.

Res
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Thi
sques
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ais
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nthi
scas
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lbet
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hiswi
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lemer
gedt
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ituat
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pedt
her
esear
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ofi
ndoutt
hes
copeoft
he

pr
obl
em;

1
. Whatar
etheCons
trai
ntsoft
heex
pec
tedr
esul
tsoft
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ardel
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ver
ymode

oddi
stanc
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;

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b.Rel
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kil
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s

c
.Ac
ademi
cDevel
opmenti
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i
sh?

2.Howdel
i
ver
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eswi
l
lbet
akenbyademogr
aphi
csc
aleofs
tudent
s

i
nter
m of
:

a.Gender

b.Age

c
.Loc
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on(
dis
tanc
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 Republ
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ippi
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3.Whati
sther
elat
ions
hipbet
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hemodul
ardel
i
ver
ymodeandt
othe

r
etent
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ess
onofs
tudent
sinEngl
i
sh?

4.Howt
het
eac
her
sar
ecopi
ngt
hec
ons
trai
ntsandl
i
mit
ati
onsbr
oughtby

pandemi
c?

Hypot
hes
is

h:
o

1
. Ther
eisas
igni
fi
cantr
elat
ions
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i
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ymodeandt
he

r
etent
ionoft
hel
ess
oni
nEngl
i
shofs
tudent
s.

2.Themodul
ardel
i
ver
ymodei
sex
act
lyagr
eatpr
oces
stomas
tert
hes
tudent
s’

l
ear
ningi
ndependenc
e.

nul
l
:

1
. Ther
eisnos
igni
fi
cantr
elat
ions
hipbet
weent
hemodul
ardel
i
ver
ymodeandt
he

r
etent
ionoft
hel
ess
oni
nEngl
i
shofs
tudent
s.

2.Themodul
ardel
i
ver
ymodei
snotex
act
lyagr
eatpr
oces
stomas
tert
hes
tudent
s’

l
ear
ningi
ndependenc
e.
 Republ
i
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ippi
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ScopeandLi
mit
ati
on

Themai
nconc
ernoft
hes
tudywast
heef
fec
tivenes
sofmodul
ardel
i
ver
yofl
ess
ons

f
ors
tudent
sinEngl
i
sh.
thet
opi
cbebas
edont
hel
eas
tmas
ter
eds
kil
l
s.Thi
sst
udyt
est
ed

t
he ef
fec
tofus
ing modul
ardel
i
ver
y mode and i
tsc
ons
trai
ntson t
he ac
ademi
c

ac
hievementoft
hes
tudent
sspec
ifi
cal
l
ythos
ewhowentt
hroughf
ort
het
hir
dquar
ter

oft
heSc
hoolYear2020-
2021atNuevaEc
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ghSc
hoolwhower
est
udent
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r
esear
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.Agr
oupwasf
ormedwhi
chwasc
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edof40s
tudent
swhor
ecei
vedt
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t
reat
mentoft
hes
tudyf
oroneweek
.Todet
ermi
nei
fneededas
igni
fi
cantdi
ff
erenc
e

ex
ist
edbet
weent
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etes
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ores
,thedat
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ectt
ot-

t
est
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hthepr
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sedbyt
her
esear
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e

gi
vent
othet
wogr
oupsonl
yaf
terpr
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dat
ionandt
est
sforr
eli
abi
l
ity.However
,

t
hiss
tudydi
dnotdeal
anymor
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tht
heef
fec
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sofl
ear
ningk
iti
nteac
hingot
her
s

f
iel
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i
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ti
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thes
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dnoti
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udedet
ermi
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fec
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ing

l
ear
ningk
itont
hes
tudent
.

Si
gni
fi
canceoft
heSt
udy

t
hes
tudywi
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tantands
igni
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cantt
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oll
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oupofpeopl
eor

or
gani
zat
iont
hatwer
eheavi
l
yinvol
vedi
nthepr
oces
soft
hes
tudy;
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Lear
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s.Thel
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it
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s
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edby

i
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us
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Teacher
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her
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l
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it
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udys
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oft
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i
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ower
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ompet
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yrat
eof

s
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ovet
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SchoolHeads
.Thi
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ituat
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t
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Cur
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c
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Fut
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itf
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hiss
tudyt
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ingt
hepaperast
hei
r

bas
isf
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hei
rfut
ures
tudi
esandputr
efer
enc
eandc
redent
ial
stot
her
esear
cher
.
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Met
hodol
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TypeofRes
ear
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A des
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mat
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oans
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obj
ect
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I
tinvol
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ail
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pret
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dat
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dat
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.Iti
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des
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obs
ervat
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ve r
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ight
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ormat
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ort
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akeoft
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yzet
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csori
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ves

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ityt
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ronment
.Ast
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def
ineheavyi
nvol
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ecur
it
yands
afet
ytobemanner
edi
nan

i
nst
it
uti
on.Wher
eas
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sst
udy al
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ve anal
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stowar
dst
he

l
ear
ningavi
ati
oni
ndus
tryandt
hes
tak
esandr
isk
sofi
tsenvi
ronment
.
 Republ
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l
ippi
nes 1
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TY,
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Res
pondent
s

Ther
esear
cherc
onduc
tedas
urveywhi
chwi
l
ldet
ermi
net
hedat
afort
hiss
tudy.
the

par
ti
ci
pant
sar
etheGr
ade1
0st
udent
sfr
om NuevaEc
ij
aHi
ghSc
hool
.conveni
enc
e

s
ampl
i
ngt
echni
queswasus
edi
nthes
tudyi
nvol
vi
ngFor
ty(
40)s
tudent
s.

Tabl
e1.
Dis
tri
but
ionofs
ampl
epopul
ati
on.

Res
pondent
s No.
ofRes
pondent
s

St
udent
s 40

Tot
al 40

I
nst
rument
s

As
truc
tur
ed ques
tionnai
re wasus
ed i
n gat
her
ing dat
a.t
hisi
nst
rumentwas

val
i
dat
edbypool
ofex
per
tsi
nres
ear
ch.
Theques
tionnai
rec
ons
ist
edoft
wopar
ts.
Par
t

1wasc
ompos
ed oft
hedat
a on t
hedemogr
aphi
cpr
ofi
l
eoft
hes
tudent
s.Par
t2,

det
ermi
net
heper
cept
ionsoft
her
espondent
stowar
dst
hec
hal
l
engesands
truggl
es

t
hatt
heyar
efac
ingaswel
last
hei
rli
vedex
per
ienc
es.
 Republ
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6

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Et
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Cons
ider
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Thedat
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ygat
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her
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f
rom t
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ider
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dat
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t
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est
if
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reand

s
urveyf
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l
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ing.

Sour
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aCol
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ect
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I
nor
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ogat
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heneededi
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mat
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her
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ter
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oval
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y

gavet
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other
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mat
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t
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urveyques
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hes
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vesper
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dat
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umnusand

i
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t
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her
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per
cept
ionoft
her
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erenc
esoft
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rans
werbas
edf
rom
 Republ
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t
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bas
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P = per
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=Fr
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=Tot
alnumberoft
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r
espondent
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ow i
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howt
ocomput
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edmean.

Wher
e:
Ʃ = Summat
ions
ign

=Sc
ore

Republ
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= Fr
equenc
y

= numberofi
tems

WM =Wei
ght
edMean

Ther
esear
cheral
sot
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poi
ntLi
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meanaspr
esent
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howst
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oft
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cal
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Tabl
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Lik
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-typef
ive-
poi
ntss
cal
e

Scal
e Wei
ght
edMean Ver
bal
Int
erpr
etat
ion

5 4.
50-
5.00 Out
standi
ng

4 3.
50-
4.49 Ver
ysat
isf
act
ory

3 2.
50-
3.49 Sat
isf
act
ory

2 1
.50-
2.49 Leas
tsat
isf
ied

1 1
.00-
1.
49 uns
ati
sfi
ed
 t
hewei
ght
edmeanwi
l
lbec
ompar
edt
otheLi
ker
tSc
alet
oquant
if
ytheper
cept
ion

oft
her
espondent
sandot
hert
hingst
hatwi
l
lans
wert
hiss
tudy.

Republ
i
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hePhi
l
ippi
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TY,
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JA

Dat
aanal
ysi
s

Lac
kofr
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chr
esour
cesi
sanot
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eri
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ssuet
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o ber
esol
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i
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tst
udent
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o or
derf
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t
ext
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sandj
our
nal
sfr
om over
seasandt
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eignc
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mai
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t

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mit
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henoughbudget
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t
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exper
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rooms
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ONI
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AHI
GHSCHOOL
BURGOSAVENUE,
CABANATUANCI
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NUEVAECI
JA

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ONI
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ONOFNUEVAECI
JA
NUEVAECIJ
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 Republ
i
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l
ippi
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A.Res
ear
chPr
opos
alAppl
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cat
ionFor
m andEndor
sementofI
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2.
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j
aHighSchool
CONTACTNUMBER CONTACT E-
MAILADDRESS:
109979307809 NUMBER2: j
oven.
pascual
@deped.gov.ph
j
ovenpas
cualoo5@yahoo.com
EDUCATI ONALATTAI NMENT
(DEGREETI TLE)
Enumer atefrom Bachel
or’
s
degreeupt odoc tor
ate Doc
torofPhi
l
osophyMajori
nEduc
ati
onal
degree Management
BachelorofSc i
encein None
ElementaryEduc ati
on
Mas t
erofAr tsi
nEduc ati
on Mas
terofAr
tsMaj
ori
nEduc
ati
onal
Management
SI
GNATUREOFPROPONENT:

I
MMEDI
ATESUPERVI
SOR’
SCONFORME

I
her
ebyendorset
heat
tachedresear
chpropos
al.
Icer
ti
fythattheproponenthas
t
hec
apaci
tyt
oimplementar
esearc
hs t
udywit
houtcompromis
inghisoff
icefunct
ions
.

LORENZOP.J
OAQUIN
NameandSignat
ureofPr
inc
ipal

Pos
iti
on/
Des
ignat
ion:
Pri
nci
pal
IV

Dat
e:

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B.Decl
arat
ionofPl
agi
ari
sm andConf
li
ctofI
nter
est

DECLARATI
ONOFANTI
-PLAGI
ARI
SM

1
.I,_
JOVENV.PASCUALunder
standt
hatpl
agi
ari
smi
stheac
toft
aki
ngandus
ing
 another
’si
deasandwor k
sandpas si
ngthem offasone’sown.Thi
sinc
ludes
expl
ici
tl
ycopyingthewholewor
kofanotherpers
onand/orusings
omepartsof
thei
rworkwithoutpr
operack
nowledgementandref
erenc
ing.

2.Iherebyattesttotheori
ginali
tyofthisresear
chpr oposalandhasc i
tedpr oper
ly
allthereferencesused.If urthercommi tthatal ldeli
verablesand t hef i
nal
resear
chstudyemanat i
ngfrom t hi
sproposalshal
lbeofor iginalcontent.Ishal
l
useappropriateci
tat
ionsinreferenci
ngotherwor k
sf r
om varioussources.

3.Iunder
standthatviol
ati
onofthisdecl
arat
ionandcommit
ments
hallbesubj
ect
toconsequencesands hallbedealtwithaccor
dingl
ybytheDepart
mentof
educat
ionand(ins
ertgrantmechani
sm)

PROPONENT:

PRI
NTEDNAME:J
OVENV,
PASCUAL

SI
GNATURE:

DATE:_
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__
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__
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__
__
__
__
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__

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DECLARATI
ONOFABSENCEOFCONFLI
CTOFI
NTEREST

1
.I,_
JOVENV.PASCUAL_under
standt
hatc
onf
li
ctofi
nter
estr
efer
stos
ituat
ionsi
n
 whi
chfi
nanci
alorotherpers
onalcons
iderat
ionsmayc
ompr
omi
semyj
udgment
1
i
neval
uati
ng,conduct
ing,
orrepor
ti
ngresearch.

2.Iherebydec l
arethatIdonothaveanyper sonalconfli
ctofi
nterestthatmay
ari
sefrom t
heappl i
cati
onands ubmis
s i
onofmyr es
earchproposal
. Iunder
stand
thatmyr esearc
hpr oposalmayber eturnedtomei ffoundoutthatt her
ei sa
confl
ic
tofinter
estduri
ngt hei
nit
ial
screeningasper(ins
ertRMGpr ovisi
on).

3.Furt
her,i
ncaseofanyform ofconfl
i
ctofint
eres
t(poss
ibleoractual
)whichmay
i
nadvertent
lyemer
gedur i
ngt heconductofmyr es
earch,Iwil
ldulyrepor
titt
o
theres
earchcommit
teeforimmediateacti
on.

4.Iunderst
andt hatImaybehel dacc
ount
abl
ebyt heDepart
mentofEducati
on
and (i
nsert grant mechani
sm)formy conf
li
ct ofint
erest whi
ch Ihave
i
ntenti
onall
yconc eal
ed.

PROPONENT:

PRI
NTEDNAME:J
OVENV.
PASCUAL

SI
GNATURE:

DATE: _
__
__
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__
__
_

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 TABLEOFCONTENTS

Cont
extandRat
ional
e……………………………………………………………….
.
..
1

Conc
ept
ual
Framewor
k……………………………………………………………….
.
5

Res
ear
chQues
tions
………………………………………………………………….
.
..
6

Nul
lHypot
hes
is………………………………………………………….
.
..
..
.
…….
…7

Si
gni
fi
canc
eoft
heSt
udy………………………………………….
.
.…………………7

Sc
opeandLi
mit
ati
ons
………………………………………………………….
.
.…….
8

Met
hod………………………………………………….
.
……………………….
……1
0

TypeofRes
ear
ch………………………………….
.
..
..
…………………………….
.
..
10

OneShotPr
eTes
t–Pos
tTes
tRes
ear
ch…………………………………….
…….
….1
0

Sampl
i
ngMet
hod……………………………….
.
.………………………….
.
….……1
2

Pr
opos
edSt
rat
egy…………………………….
.
…………………………….
.
…….
.
…12

Res
ear
chI
nst
rument
…………………………,
,
………….
.
..
..
.
..
..
.
..
..
.
..
..
.
..
..
.
..
..
.
..
..
.
..
..
.
..
14

Dat
aCol
l
ect
ionPr
ocedur
e………………………… …………………… …….
…….
.
14

I
nst
rument
…………………………………………… ……………………….
.
….….
15

Et
hic
alc
ons
ider
ati
on…………………………………… ……………………….
…..
16

TheWor
kPl
an……………………………………………… ………………….
.
.….
.
17

Cos
tEs
timat
es………………………… …………………………………….
….….
.
18

Pl
anf
orDi
ssemi
nat
ionandUt
il
izat
ion……………………….
.
..
……… ……….
.
…20

Ref
erenc
es……………… ……………………….
…………………….
…….
….….
.
20

Republ
i
coft
hePhi
l
ippi
nes
Depar
tmentofEduc
ati
on
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ONI
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Appendi
ces
…………………………….
.
……………….
.
.……………………….
…..
22

Republ
i
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hePhi
l
ippi
nes 22
Depar
tmentofEduc
ati
on
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ONI
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ONOFNUEVAECI
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 Appendi
ces

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JA

Febr
uar
y26,
2021

J
ESSI
ED.
FERRER,
CESOV
Sc
hool
sDi
vi
si
onSuperi
ntendent
Sc
hool
sDi
vi
si
onOff
iceofNuevaEci
j
a

At
tent
ion

MAURI CIOF.ANGELES,Ed.
D.
SeniorEducati
onPr
ogram Spec
ial
is
t
SchoolsDivi
si
onOff
iceNevaEcij
a

Si
r:

I
,theunder s
igned,t eac herofNuevaEc ij
aHi ghSc hoolwoul dli
ketoex pressmy
wishtopr oposemyAc tionr esearch“SIM-
ATOP( St r
ategicInt
er venti
onMat eri
al–At
TheirOwnPace) :AToolt oI mpr ovetheAcademi cPer f
ormancei nEngl i
sh1 0duri
ng
theCovid-19Pandemi c”.Thi sac ti
onresear
chwi l
lbeofval uesincet heintent
ionofthis
resear
chi stoimprovet heper formanceofs t
udentsinEngl i
shpar ti
cularl
yinGr ade10.
Thebenef ic
iar
iesofthisr esear charet hel
earners,teachers,s
c hoolheads ,curr
icul
um
planner
sandf utureresearc hers .

Yourassi
stanceandc ons
entwillbeappreci
ated.Iassureyouthatc onduct
ing
theacti
onres
earc hwil
lnotinter
ruptmydutiesandresponsi
bil
it
iesasateachertogive
thebestandqualit
yeducationtolear
ners.Mygoalistoprovi
deani nt
eres
tinglear
ning
envi
ronmentthatenc ourageslearner
st obet hebes twhil
ehoni ngmys kil
lasan
educator
.

Thankyouf
oryourt
imeandc
ons
ider
ati
on.

Tr
ulyyour
s,

J
ovenV.PascuaL
Res
ear
cher
 Tabl
eofCont
ent

Cont
extandRat
ional
e--
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
-
1

Act
ionRes
ear
chQues
tion-
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
-3

Propos
edI
nnovat
ion,
Int
ervent
ionandSt
rat
egy-
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
-
--4

Act
ionRes
ear
chMet
hod-
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
--
5

Part
ici
pant
sandot
herSour
cesofDat
a--
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
--5

Dat
aGat
her
ingMet
hods-
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
-
-
-6

Dataanal
ysi
sPl
an-
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
-
-6

Act
ionRes
ear
chWor
kPl
anandTi
mel
i
nes
s--
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
-
-7

CostEs
timat
es-
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
-8

Pl
ansf
orDi
ssemi
nat
ionandUt
il
izat
ion-
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
-
8

Ref
erences-
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
--
-9

I
nst
rument-
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
-
1
1

Decl
arat
ionofAnt
i-
Plagi
ari
sm-
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
--
13

Decl
arat
ionofAbs
enceofconf
li
ctofI
nter
est-
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
--
-14
 Republ
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A.Res
ear
chPr
opos
alAppl
i
cat
ionFor
m andEndor
sementofI
mmedi
ateSuper
vis
or

1
.RESEARCHI
NFORMATI
ON

RESEARCHTITLE:
CONSRAINTSANDEFFEVTI VI
TYOFMODULARDELI VERYMODETOSTUDENTS’
LESSONRETENTI ONI NENGLISH
SHORTDESCRI PTIONOFTHERESEARCH
Thisst
udyaimstodet erminetheles
sonretenti
onandr el
evanceofless
ont oli
feski
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ormancei nEnglis
hamong
gradetenst
udentsofNuevaEc i
jahi
ghSc hoolduri
ngnewnor malform ofeducati
on.
RESEARCHCATEGORY( check RESEARCHAGENDACATEGORY( checkonl yone
onlyone) mainresearchtheme)

National TeachingandLearning
Regional Chil
dPr otect
ion
Schools/
Divi
si
on Humanr esourc
edevel
opment
Dist
rict Governanc e
School
(
checkupt
oonecr
oss
-cut
ti
ngt
hemeappl
i
cat
ion)
(
checkonlyone)
Appli
edResearch DRRM
Acti
onResearch GenderandDevelopment
I
nclus
iveEduc
ati
on
Other
s(pl
easespecif
y)_
__
__
__
__
__
__
__
_
FUNDSOURCE(
e.g.
BERF,
SEF, AMOUNT
other
s)
BERF Php3,
500.
00
TOTALAMOUNT Php3,
500.
00

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