Cell type and Cell

Modification
Chapter 2
Objectives:
● 1. Classify different cell types (plant/animal
tissues) and specify the function (s) of
● each (STEM_BIO11/12 -la-c-4); and
● 2. Describe some cell modifications that lead
to adaptation to carry out specific functions
(e. g., microvilli, root, hair) (STEM_BIO11/12 -
la-C-5).
 Cell types and Cell Modification
● Living things may be either unicellular
(consisting of one cell) or multicellular
(many-celled).
● Our body is also made up of many organs.
Ex. Skin Eyes
Heart Liver
kidney Intestine
Picture that can
lead enumerate
the five levels of
biological
organization.
What are organs
without tissues?
What is cheek made up of?
It is made up of cell.
 TISSUE
HISTOLOGY – STUDY OF TISSUES
 The cells of the
tissue are
specialized, and their
structure enables
them to perform a
specific task
1. Tissues are adapted by the
structure of their cells to carry on
a particular function.
2. Single - celled organisms are
different from single cells that
are part of an organism.
Our body is composed of
four basic types of tissues:

* Epithelium
*Connective
*Muscular
*nervous tissues.
1. Which type of tissue would make up the
majority of the brain and spinal cord?
2. Which type of tissue would be found in the
epidermis?
3. Which type of tissue would form ligaments,
tendons, fat, and bone?
4. Which type of tissue makes up the majority
of the heart?
5. Which type of tissue would be found in the
blood vessels and respiratory tract?
●
Epithelium
Epithelium occurs as sheets of tightly
packed cells that cover body surfaces
and line internal organs and cavities.
Epithelial tissues are
named according to
the number of cell
layers they have and
according to the
shape of the cells on
their apical (basal)
surface.
❑SIMPLE
A simple
epithelium has a
single layer of
cells
❑STRATIFIED
A stratified
epithelium has a
multiplr layer of
cells.
❑ Pseudostratified
single - layered
but appears
stratified because
the cells vary in
length.
❑ Squamous
have flat cells like
floor tiles.
❑ Cuboidal
Cuboidal
epithelial tissues
have cube cells
like dice
❑Columnar
Columnar
epithelial tissues
have brick - like
cells on end.
Connective Tissue
Connective tissue
helps protect,
support, and bind
organs and other
tissues.
What Function is common to all
types of connective tissues?
❑ Loose Areolar Connective Tissue

- Soft and Pliable

tissue that acts as
packing and binding
material throughout
the body.
❑ Fibrous Connective Tissue

Linkage of muscles
and bones
Located at tendons
and ligaments.
Tendons and Ligaments
❑ Adipose Connective Tissue
Stores fat as food
reserve, pads and
insulated the body,
protects the skin and
other organs, and
stores energy
Adipose Connective Tissue
❑ Cartilage Connective Tissue
Consists of
chondorcytes that
form a strong but
flexible skeletal
material
Cartilage Connective Tissue
Cartilage Connective Tissue
Cartilage Connective Tissue
❑ Supportive Connective Tissue

Osteoblast that
form a matrix of
collagen fibers
embedded in
calcium salts
Supportive Connective Tissue
❑ Vascular Connective Tissue

To transport
substances from
one part of the
body to another
and in immunity.
Vascular Connective Tissue