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SH5108 - 5 Occupational Health Programme
SH5108 - 5 Occupational Health Programme
SH5108 - 5 Occupational Health Programme
• Download:
http://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-a-Biomarker.aspx
PEL ADJUSTMENT:
Extended Work Hours & Combined Exposure
• Covered in SH5110
• See relevant slides attached in Appendix
APPENDIX
SH5110 CHEMICAL HAZARD EVALUATION
2a_Occupational Exposure Standards Adjustment principles
• Brief RS, Scala RA. Occupational Exposure Limits For Novel Work Schedules. AIHAJ,
36(6): 467-469, 1975
• HICKEY JLS & REIST PC. Application of occupational exposure limits to
unusual work schedules. AIHAJ, 38(11): 613-621, 1977
• Brief RS, Scala RA. Occupational Health aspects of unusual work Schedules: A review
of EXXON’s Experiences. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, 47(4): 199-
202, 1986
• Vermaa DK. Adjustment of Occupational Exposure Limits for Unusual Work
Schedules. AIHAJ 61(3): 367-374, 2000
• Brodeur, J., Vyskocil, A., Tardif, R., Perrault, G., Drolet, D., Truchon, G. and F. Lemay.
(2001) Adjustment of Permissible Exposure Values to Unusual Schedules. AIHAJ, 62:
584-594, 2001
• Armstrong TW, Caldwell DJ, & Verma DK. Occupational Exposure Limits: An
Approach and Calculation Aid for Extended Work Schedule Adjustments. Journal of
Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 2: 600–607, 2005
Toxicokinetic (Pharmacokinetic) Model
(1 − e−kt1n)(1 − e−k(t1n+t2n)n)(1 − e−kTs)(1 − e−k(t1s+t2s))
RF =
(1 − e−kt1s)(1 − e−k(t1s+t2s)m)(1 − e−kTn)(1 − e−k(t1n+t2n))
K = the biologic elimination rate constant = (ln 2)/T1/2 , where T1/2 = biologic half-life
t1n = the length of the standard work day (8 hours)
t2n = the length of the standard recovery period (16 hours)
t1n + t2n = the length of the standard day (24 hours)
Tn = the length of the standard week (seven days or 168 hours)
n = number of days in standard work week (5)
t1s = length of the extended shift work day (in hours)
t2s = length of the rest period between extended shift work days (in hours)
t1s + t2s = length of the extended shift “day” (usually, but not always 24 hours)
Ts = total length of the periodic work cycle [the number of days worked and days in the
rest period (in hours)]
m = the number of “days” per work “week” in the extended shift work schedule
Toxicokinetic Model: PEL Adjustment vs Biological Half-life
Maximum Adjustment Half-life (MAHL) Model:
One max. RF in any one work schedule
0.67
0.63 Equal-dosage:
Day: RF = 8/12 = 0.67
Maximum Adjustment Half-life: 24d: RF = 24*8/(12*12) = 1.3 (RF = 1)
12-h work-shift in 24d cycle, 12d: RF = 12*8/(12*12) = 0.67
12d-on & 12d-off
Armstrong TW, Caldwell DJ, & Verma DK. (2005). Occupational Exposure Limits: An Approach and
Calculation Aid for Extended Work Schedule Adjustments. JOEH, 2: 600–607
HABER’S RULE: Equal Dosage Principle
Ia: ceiling
II: acute
III: chronic
II: acute
Ib: irritation
Ia: ceiling
Ia: ceiling
IV: acute/chronic
III: chronic
OEL/ PEL ADJUSTMENT: Use Guidelines
• TECHNICAL GUIDE T-22: Guide for the adjustmentof permissible exposure values
(PEVs) for unusual work schedules. 4th edition revised and updated, 2015
Daniel Drolet, Laboratory Services and Expertise, IRSST
IRSST – Communications Division
505, De Maisonneuve Blvd West
Montréal (Québec) H3A 3C2
• Brodeur, J., Vyskocil, A., Tardif, R., Perrault, G., Drolet, D., Truchon, G. and F. Lemay.
Adjustment of Permissible Exposure Values to Unusual Schedules. AIHAJ, 62: 584-
594, 2001
COMBINED EXPOSURE:
Additive Effects of Mixtures
COMBINED EFFECTS: Mixtures
TLV – Index: Choice of Types of TLV Values