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Important Tribal Revolts

గిరిజన ఉద్యమాలు
Movement Period Place Leader Causes

After 1757 AD, the British established their

control over Bengal and they started extracting
as much as possible from peasants through
revenue contractors.
When peasant’s grievances were not redressed
Peasant by the company officials, they took the law in
Uprising of 1783 Bengal their hands. Under the leadership
Dirjinarain
Rangpur of Dirjinarain, they attacked the local cutcheries
and storehouses of crops of local agents of the
contractors and government officials.
Both Hindus and Muslims fought side by side in
the uprising.
But the company's armed forces took control of
the situation and suppressed the revolt.
Movement Period Place Leader Causes

The Kols of Singhbhum enjoyed their sovereignty

for long centuries under their chiefs. After the
advent of the British East India Company, the
sovereignty of Kol tribes penetrated by the
British law and order which causes tensions
among the tribal people.
They got angry when British transfer tribal land
to the outsiders like merchants and
The Kol Buddho moneylenders which caused a great threat to
1831-32 Singhbhum the hereditary independent power of the tribal
Uprising Bhagat
chiefs.
They revolted the despotic law and order of the
British East India Company.
This uprising spread over Ranchi, Hazaribagh,
Palamau and Manbhum.
British East India Company ruthlessly suppressed
the revolt and established their control over Kol
tribal areas.
Movement Period Place Leader Causes

It began as a reaction against the

outsiders, particularly landlords,
police and moneylenders.
Revolt of Santhals and
establishment of their own
government (July, 1855); defeat of
The Santhal Sidhu and British under Major Burrogh by
1855-56 Rajmahal hills
Rebellion Kanhu Santhals; transfer of the disiurbed
area to the military and final
suppression of the revolt by the
end of 1856; creation of a separate
district of Santhal Paraganas to
prevent Santhals from revolting
again in future.
Movement Period Place Leader Causes

It took place in the Chhotanagpur region near

Ranchi under the leadership of Birsa Munda.
This revolt is also known as Ulgulan
revolt which means ‘great commotion.
Foundation of new religious sect, with Singh
Chhotana
Bonga as the only true god, but Birsa (1895); -
The Munda 1899- gpur
Birsa British fears over Birsa's preachings among
Uprising 1900 region
Munda Mundas, and arrest and imprisonment of
near
Birsa (1895-97); release of Birsa and revival of
Ranchi
his doctrine (1898); revolt of Mundas and
their attack of churches and police stations
1899); defeat of Mundas by British (Jan,
1900) and capture of Birsa (he died of cholera
in jail in June 1900).
Movement Period Place Leader Causes

It was a movement for

monotheism, abstention from
meat, liquor and tribal dance.
The Jatra Bhagat and Tana Bhagat
movements stressed both anti-
colonialism and internal reforms.
Jatra Bhagat
The Tribal rebellion in India took
and Tana 1914; Chotanagpur, Jatra
place for social, cultural and
Bhagat 1918 Jharkhand Bhagat
political reasons, particularly
Movement
against the acquisition of their land
and exerted their rights over forest
resources.
Adivasis threatened nonpayment of
the Chowikidari tax and rent during
Non Cooperation movt.
Movement Period Place Causes

Defiance of British
authority by Chuars;
Nanbhum and
suppression of the Revolt
Chuars 1766-68 Barabhum (West
by British through use of
Bengal)
force as well as
conciliatory measures
Movement Period Place Causes

Beginning of revolt of Bhils with

British occupation of Khandesh
(1818) and their defiance of
British for 30 years; final
suppression through military
Khandesh;
operations combined with
Shinghbum and
Bhils 1818-48 conciliatory measures.
Chhota Nagpu
Occupation of Singhbhum by
British and revolt of the Hos
(1820); its suppression after
extensive military operations;
they revolt again in 1832.
Movement Period Place Leader Causes

It began as a
purification movement,
Banswara and but later developed
Dungapur into a political
Bhils 1913 Govind Guru
(southern movement; failure of
Rajasthan) their attempts to set up
a Bhil Raj due to British
armed intervention.
Movement Period Place Causes

Repeated revolts of
Kalis and their final
Sahyadri Hills
1824,1828,1839 & suppression after the
Kolis (Gujrat and
1844-48 capture of all their
Maharashtra)
leaders.
Movement Period Place Leader Causes

Unsuccessful
attempts of the
Khasis to drive.
away the British
Tirut Singh and Bar
Khasi Hills from their
Manik (Chiefs of
Khasis 1829-32 (Assam & territory;
Nounklow & Molim
Meghalaya) surrender of all
respectively)
Khasi chiefs,
including Tirut
Singh, to the
British in 1832.
Movement Period Place Causes

Suppression of 1830 revolt

by Captain Neufville; murder
of Colonel-White (British
Singphos 1830-39 Assam Political Agent of Assam) by
Singphos in 1839 but their
ultimate defeat by British.
Movement Period Place Leader Causes

Repeated revolts of
the Koyas, the
major ones being
1840, 1845, 1858, Rampa Region Alluri the 1879-80 and
Koyas 1861-62, 1879-80, (Chodavarm in Sitaramaraju 1922-24 revolts;
1922-24 Andhra Pradesh) (1922-24) capture and
execution of Raju
by British in May
1924.
Movement Period Place Leader Causes

The first two

revolts, led by
1846-48, 1855 Khondmals Bisayi, were put
Khonds Chakra Bisayi
and 1914 (Orrisa) down with great
difficulty by the
British.
Movement Period Place Leader Causes

Revolt of Naikdas under

Rupsingh in 1858 and
conclusion of peace between
British
Rupsingh in 1859; their revolt
Rupsingh again in 1868, and
1858-59 & Panch Mahals
Naikdas and Joria establishment of a kingdom
1868 (Gujarat)
Bhagat with Joria as the spiritual head
of Rupsingh as temporal head;
suppression of the revolt after
the capture and execution of
Rupsingh and Joria.
Movement Period Place Leader Causes

Launching of a
monotheistic movement by
Jatra in 1914 bandits
transformation into
a radical political
Oraons 1914-15 Chhota Nagpur Jatra Bhagat
movement to drive away
the British in 1915; its
suppression by British
through repressive
measures.
Movement Period Place Leader Causes

Their rebellion
Jadonang and his
and guerrilla war
Thadoe Kukis 1917-19 Manipur neice Rani
against British
Gaidinliu
for two years.
Movement Period Place Leader Causes

Their revolt
Nallamala Hills against
Chenchus 1921-22 (Andhra Hanumanthu increasing British
Pradesh) control over
forests.
All The Best