The DI can be used to determine the area

bounded by the plane curves, arc length

volume and surface of a region
area
bounded by revolving a curve about a
line

Notet Commente.
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AREA OF THE PLANE REGI

-We kngw
Cartesian
that the area bounded by
curve Y f(x), =
axis, x -
a

between lines x =
a & x = b given by

Area = ff(xdx
a
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Area
0 con0)f ao-"
ja*(1+cos2 0 +
2cos0)ao- ra?
lde +2
f cos de +
Jcos 6de ra
-

- z0-x*]
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SURFACE OF REVOLUTION

A Surface of revolution is a
surface in Euclidean space
created by rotating a curve A surface of revolution is
around an axis of rotation. obtained when a curve is
rotated about an axis.
Examples of surfaces of
revolution generated by a straight
We consider two cases
line are
revolving about the x-axis
cylindrical and conical surfaces and revolving about
depending on whether or not the the y-axis.
line is parallel to the axis.
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Revolving about the x-axis
YA

If the curve y=f(x), as x sb is y-ft)

rotated about the x-axis, then
the surface area is given by

A=
27 f/1+)P dx
0a D

ctigate
Notescomments
If the curve is described by the
function x=g(y), c Sy Sd, and
rotated about the x-axis, then
the area of the surface of
revolution is given by

A = 27
y1+19')P dy

enting
 Paragiaph

YA
1-r)
y-ve)
If the curve defined by the
parametric equations x X(t), y
= =

y(t), with t ranging over some

interval [a,B]. is rotated about
the x-axis, then the surface area
is given by the following integral
(provided that y(t) is never
negative)

A 2
yO/ rC)F +'OF dt

senting
If the
-a
curve defined by polar
equation r= r{6), with 6 ranging over
some interval a,B rr{e)
is rotated about the polar axis, then
the area of the resulting surface is
given by the following formula -
provided that y = r sinß is never negative)

A-27r0)sind Tr@)P +rOFd0

Revolving about the y-axis
gy), x{t), and x(0) are supposed to be smooth and non-negative the given
The funetions
interval.
on

Ifthe curve y=f(x), as xsbis y flx)

rotated about the y-axis, then
the surface area is given by

A-a /1UOF
 YA K

If the curve is described þy the

function x=e{y), C
y's d d
and rotated about the y-axis,
then
the area of the surface of
revolution is given by
-g(y)
A =
27 90)V1+ls'F dy
If the curve defined by the parametric
equations x=x(t), y=y{t),
with t ranging over some
interval [a,B], is rotated about
the y-axis,

then the surface area is given by the

integral (provided that x(t) is never
negative)

sahitier x()VOF +OFt

If the curve defined by the parametric
equations x=x{t), y=y(t),
with t ranging over some
interval [a,B], is rotated about
the y-axis,
then the surface area is given by the
integral (provided that x(t) is never
negative)

shiingr x(t)Vx'OF +y'OFdt

 K
If the curve
defined by polar
equation r=r(©), with 6 ranging over
some interval [a,B], is rotated about
the y-axis, then

the area of the resulting surface is

given by the formula (provided
rr0)
that x=rcos6 is never negative)

A 8-B
a 0 )cosd/FO+F0P40
0

Notes Comments
EXAMPLES DO YOUR SELF
1-Find the lateral surface area of a right circular cone with
slant height& and base radius R

2-Find the area of the surface obtained by revolving

the asteroid x= cost, y= sinat, around the x-axis.
 R
EXAMPLES: DO YOUR SELF

4.Find the area bounded by the curve.

x3y73 =a?s
5.Find the area bounded by the loops of the
curve r2 = a sin

6. Find the area ainside r =

a(1-cos 0)
and outside sin
r =

7 : Find the area common to the curves

r= a ( 1+ cose) and r = a ( 1 - coso)

letar Commantr