BACHELOR BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION IN

BUSINESS
FINANCE (BA242)
BA2424B

PRINCIPLES OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP
ENT530
ARTICLE REVIEW

PREPARED FOR:
MADAM HAJAH RUSNAH BINTI ISMAIL

PREPARED BY:
MUHAMMAD DANIAL BIN MUHAMMAD KHAIRUL
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, praise to Allah, the Lord of the Universe because given me to complete this
task just in time. Even I faced with a lot of difficulties along to complete this task; I still
managed to complete this article review for my ENT 530 continuous assessment. It was both a
wonderful and useful experience as well as an ability to be presented at such an early stage in
tertiary studies at the academic research. I would like to thank my lecturer, Madam Hajah
Rusnah bin Ismail, for having been through a lot of training, including required details and
advice as well as making sure that my review was as easy as possible. After that, I like to express
my appreciation for those who continue to support me while I'm on my worst and best to write
this paper. They're none other than my parents, my siblings, classmates and friends. Next, a huge
thanks to the Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) for
providing me the chance to get interested in this semester writing this article.

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TABLE OF CONTENT

ITEM PAGE
FRONT PAGE i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ii
TABLE OF CONTENT iii
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
2.0 FINDING AND DISCUSSION 2
3.0 CONCLUSION 5
4.0 REFERENCES 6
5.0 APPENDICES 6

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

Regardless of the economic recession and Spain's high unemployment rates, the labor market
is constantly demanding multidisciplinary engineers with additional skills to their own.
Therefore, engineering education faces new challenges and these include offering greater
competitiveness to engineers. Although entrepreneurship education has consequently been
integrated into the new engineering degrees, is this enough to boost entrepreneurship among
engineers and on what does their level of entrepreneurship depend?

This research work aims to investigate the effect of entrepreneurial motives among future
engineers on entrepreneurial intentions and identify the role that entrepreneurial education plays
in the growth of the entrepreneurship of the engineers. In this context, various questions arise:
What entrepreneurial intentions do university students have? Are they prepared to undertake a
venture? What are the main motivational factors which attract or drive them in this respect?
These questions also will help us to identify the role that entrepreneurship education plays in the
development of the engineers’ entrepreneurship, since this is one of the student profiles which is
best suited to do the development.

This is show that being the entrepreneur after graduation may be a good choice of career.
However in order to foster entrepreneurship among engineering students, we have to know what
will motivate this engineering students to choose entrepreneur as their choice of career and what
kind of entrepreneurship education that can help this students. To conclude this, we can learn
from this what the most things that motivate these students and the effect of entrepreneurship
education to the students.

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2.0 FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION

Overall Purpose of Research

The article entitled ‘Entrepreneurial intention among engineering students: The role of
entrepreneurship education’ show that the purpose of this article is to analyze the entrepreneurial
profile of university students, and more specifically engineering students, in order to identify the
key motivations for “sparking” their entrepreneurial intent and searching for the possible relation
between entrepreneurial motivation and their entrepreneurial intention which is to establish the
effect that the contribution of entrepreneurship education has on promoting entrepreneurship.

Next, this article will break some hypothesis. First hypothesis is the entrepreneurial
motivations of engineering students directly affect their entrepreneurial intention and another one
is the entrepreneurship training of engineering students moderate the relationship between their
entrepreneurial motivations and their entrepreneurial intention. With this we can get some new
ideas or information about motivations of engineering students and the way entrepreneurship
education effects.

This will help to increase the numbers of entrepreneur among the engineering students in
the future by the information that we got and know how to spark the motivation by using
entrepreneurship education.

Significant of the Research

The methods that did the authors use to reach conclusions is by look at the study results
are presented and analyzed in two sections, the first section details the results of the descriptive
comparison between future engineers gathered in the sample in terms of profile and
entrepreneurial intention. The second section sets out the results relating to contrasting the
proposed research model and the hypotheses on which it is based.

By this, authors will see the data clearly because the data is already their hands and they
just not making some assumptions about the article. This shows that the authors reach
conclusions based on data that they gathering.

Research Methodology

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 There are three ways that the research was carried out. First is participants, which is
people directly involved in the research. The research was carried out at the University of
Castilla-La Mancha's Degree Courses in Industrial Engineering and Computer Engineering in the
Spain. The students were 423 engineering students (219 industrial engineering students and 204
computer engineering students).

Next, a research instrument is a tool used to collect, measure, and analyze data related to
your subject. Research instruments can be tests, surveys, scales, questionnaires, or even
checklists. For measuring entrepreneurial motivation the items were measured using a 5-point
Likert-scale, ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree), were 3 is interpreted as a
point of indifference. Another one is the entrepreneurial training was measured with the item
“number of active learning modules passed from our entrepreneurship-related course” was
measured ranging from 1 representing “none of the modules” to 5 representing “all of the
modules”. The item “respondents intend to become founders” was measured using a 5-point
Likert-scale (coded as 1 = strongly disagree and 5 = strongly agree).

Another one is data gathering process. A web page was designed that only these students
could access by means of a password. The questionnaire has been divided into three groups of
questions: demographical characteristics (5 questions), entrepreneurial motivation (one question
with 16 items), and entrepreneurial training and intention (2 questions).

Findings of the Research

As far as entrepreneurial motivation is concerned, we can see that "Work satisfaction" is

ranked first, and lastly "Achieve political and social strength." Both groups are extremely similar
in terms of how the different items are ranked, although there are some small differences. As to
the question: Am I willing to start my own business when I am finished my studies? The
percentage and average score obtained by both groups is very similar, although a substantial
improvement in entrepreneurial intent can be observed after detailed training on business growth
and management has been earned.

Effects of entrepreneurial motivation on intention to create a business show rotated factor

matrix using the varimax normalization. The first factor is highly saturated by over 0.7 and that

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is “Need for Independence”. Next is referred as Financial Motivation with saturations of 0.812
and 0.791. Another one is called Need for Achievement, also present high saturations, above 0.6,
in relation to this factor. Both Financial motivation and the Need for independence directly and
positively affect entrepreneurial intention, while Need for achievement is not significant.

Strength of Research

This article has positively influenced the entrepreneurial self-adequacy and

entrepreneurial enthusiasm of people. This article can show a few new ideas that can Malaysia
takes for this article has proposed which is motivate students in entrepreneurship through start-up
exhibitions of successful entrepreneurs in the world of engineering. These role models represent
a way of showing students an example of the validity of their project, so that they can envisage it
realistically and believe that it can be carried out. Malaysian also can try idea generation
workshops, through workgroups, brainstorming, etc., for the development of innovative projects,
so that they may be subsequently analyzed and the results discussed. This will improve
entrepreneur education in Malaysia and encourage Malaysia students to choose entrepreneur as
career path.

Weakness of Research

The weakness of this article is the sample consists only of engineering students from one
university in Spain, so that the conclusions drawn cannot be generalized to other groups of
students, particularly those who have opted for a Business Administration and Management
Degree. Future research should use new and more diverse samples. The use of a closed
organized questionnaire also makes it difficult to investigate the essence of causal relationships
in greater depth; something which is emphasized in cross-sectional studies. This show that the
article is not very general because lack of people that involved.

3.0 Conclusion

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 This article research extends awareness of the insight into how entrepreneurial education
helps improve entrepreneurial education for people. Furthermore, the results of this review study
suggests and show that people with high team cooperation will focus more on self-persuasive
factors and thus influence their entrepreneurial purpose during the entrepreneurial process.
Personally, I think this article is very interesting, since it gives us a strong overview of the
subjects of entrepreneurship education that helps motivate the students with this we can apply
this research to Malaysian students and see what we can improve.

In short, I particularly agree with the authors on the research findings, as it is proven with
sophisticated data analysis from them. There is no question that many contributing factors
influence students and graduates motivation to become entrepreneurs and how important
entrepreneurship education to spark the motivation from the students.

4.0 REFERENCES

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Barba-Sánchez, Virginia & Atienza-Sahuquillo, Carlos, 2018. "Entrepreneurial Intention Among
Engineering Students: The Role of Entrepreneurship Education," European Research on
Management and Business Economics (ERMBE), Academia Europea de Dirección y Economía
de la Empresa (AEDEM), vol. 24(1), pages 53-61.

Li, L., Wu, D. Entrepreneurial education and students' entrepreneurial intention: does team
cooperation matter? J Glob Entrepr Res 9, 35 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40497-019-0157-3

5.0 APPENDICES

Article Details;

Title:

Entrepreneurial intention among engineering students: The role of entrepreneurship education

Authors:

Virginia Barba-Sanchez, Carlos Ateinza-Sahuquillo

URL/Link:

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2444883417300220

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