Department of Information Technology

Certificate
This is to certify that
HARSH SHIVGAN – 20202C0057
AFZAL SHAIKH – 20202C0055
YASH BARGUDE – 20202C0028
TARUN PATIL – 20202C0014

Project Title

A partial fulfilment of the requirement of the third-year diploma in

Information Technology affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of
Technical Education, Mumbai for the Academic year 2022 - 2023.

Internal Examiner Project guide

Head of department Principal

Abstract
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• Weather Reporting System is mostly used to monitor the continuously changing

climatic and weather conditions over controlled areas.
• The condition of some particular place that be reported by satellite weather report
system does not give the exact condition.
• However, the problem occurs when needed the accurate weather report for current
time.
• This project will focus on development of the ThingSpeak an IoT platform that will
show the data of the sensor.
• By using three (3) types of sensor to monitoring the weather parameter that are
temperature, humidity, rain, and air quality the system will be able to display the
weather condition.
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Table of Contents

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List of Tables and Figures

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1. Introduction

 Satellite weather report system gives condition of present which does not give the exact
condition of the particular place.
 The building sector offers a great potential for the energy savings, where it is necessary to
have accurate weather data in the exact location where the building is being built.
 50% of water is wasted in agriculture due to the improper scheduling of irrigation.
 By develop a controlling local weather reporting system with ESP32 and Wemos D1 mini
microcontroller can minimize the error in weather forecast system at exact location,
according to researchers at Texas A&M University.
 Use of technology in the field of agriculture plays important role in increasing the
production as well as in reducing the extra man power efforts.
 In this context, the realtime monitoring of water usage in the fields can prevent misuse of
water and lead to a significant increase in crop yields.
 Wireless technology, the concept of smart cities and IOT has given a new remark in the
world. One such remark leads towards the online smart weather station system.
 The people need to check manually the weather condition at the places and it will take
time unless it is online system.
 The weather parameters should be able displaying, analysing and monitoring system
using ThingSpeak that connect user with internet that visible anywhere in the world.
 IoT is playing a leading role in providing solutions to many applications with the support
of software, internet and embedded systems.
 Data measured by the stations could be used for various purposes, such as: air quality
management, climate monitoring and crop yield monitoring.
 The technology is developed using microcontrollers like Arduino, Node MCU etc. and
ARM processors.

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2. Problem Statement
Details should answer following questions.

1. Why is there a need of the selected topic?

ANS- The weather forecast these days is unpredictable too be exact because of the
climate changes drastically over weather. Weather Reporting System is mostly used to
monitor the continuously changing climatic and weather conditions over controlled areas
like house, industry, agriculture and etc in a city or town.

2. How is the topic better from existing product / technology?

ANS- Proposed system allows for weather parameter reporting over the internet. System
uses temperature, humidity as well as rain sensor to monitor weather and provide live
reporting. It allows the people to directly check the weather stats online without the need
of a weather forecasting agency in the UK.

3. Who will benefit from the project topic selected?

ANS- Forecasts based on temperature and precipitation are important to agriculture,

and therefore to traders within commodity markets. Temperature forecasts are used by
utility companies to estimate demand over coming days. On an everyday basis, many use
weather forecasts to determine what to wear on a given day.

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3. Features / Functionalities of Project

1. The Smart Weather Monitoring System Is Quite Small As Compared To
Conventional Weather Monitoring System And Can Be Installed Easily.

2. Power Requirements For Smart Weather Monitoring Systems Are Quite Low. 

3. Sensors Used In The Smart Weather Monitoring System Are Quite Cheaper Which
Makes This Project Quite Cost Effective.

4. Data From The Sensors Can Be Sent To The Web Page Also Which Can Be Accessed
From Anywhere In The World.

5. Maintenance Cost Of The Smart Weather Monitoring System Is Also Quite Low Due
To The Presence Of Fewer Parts.

6. The Data Collected And Analyzed By The Sensors Of The Smart Weather Monitoring
System Predicts An Accurate Outcome Of The Weather.

7. Due To The High Speed Of These Sensors, They Can Also Easily Detect Any Sudden
Change In The Forecast As Well.

8. Prior Alert Of The Weather Conditions Is Also Possible In Case Of Smart Weather
Monitoring System. This Prior Alert Can Be Seen Easily By Visiting A Website Of
An IoT Portal.

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4. Review of Literature

REQUIREMENTS COST

TEMPERATURE SENSOR 350

HUMIDITY SENSOR 400

RAIN SENSOR 200

ATMEGA 328 600

MICROCONTROLLER WI-FI 900

MODEM LCD 400

DISPLAY LED 350

TRANSFORMER RESISTOR 1500

CAPACITORS DIODES

ARDUINO COMPILER MC 1200

TOTAL 6000

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5. Modules / Users / Stakeholders

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6. Plan of Work
(Time line diagram)

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7. Algorithm / ER Diagram / Circuit Diagram

I. ALGORITHM
1. START
2. INPUTING DATA FOR PROCESSING AND INITIALIZING
3. TESTING MODULE FROM TRAINED DATA MODULE
4. WEATHER PREDICTION STARTS
5. DATA
6. NO
7. IF
8. YES
9. OUTPUT
10. STOP

II. ER DIAGRAM / CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

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8. Design (DFD &UML Diagrams)

8.1 DFD Diagrams

8.1.1 DFD Level 0

8.1.2 DFD Level 1

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8.1.3 DFD Level 3

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8.2 UML Diagrams

8.2.1 Flowchart

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8.2.2Use Case Diagram

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8.2.3 Sequence Diagram

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9. Technology Used
• Hardware Requirement:-

 Temperature Sensor

 Humidity Sensor

 Rain Sensor

 Atmega 328

 Microcontroller Wi-Fi

 Modem LCD

 Display LED’s

 Transformer Resistors Capacitors Diodes

• Software Requirement :-

 Arduino CompilerMC

 Programming Language: C

 IOTGecko

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10. Pros & Cons

PROS CONS

Farmers can known when to plant or Weather is extremely difficult to forecast

harvest their crops correctly

People cam choose where and when to take It is expensive to monitor-so many
their holidays to take advantages of good variables from so many sources
weather

Surfers known when large waves are The computers needed to perform the
expected millions of calculations necessary are
expensive

Regions can be evacuated if hurricanes or The weather forecasters get blamed if the
floods are expected weather is different from the forecast

Aircraft and shipping rely heavily on

accurate weather forecasting

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11. Future Scope

The IOT Based weather Informative System will be proposed to Real time Applications. It
doesn't need of any data centers physically because of we are creating a data Server in the
Cloud so that it doesn't require any datacenter further. Many of the Innovative Researchers
are interested towards The IOT based Real time Applications. So this System will helps to the
Researcher for their further investigation of weather details. So It Reduces the Cost of
Equipment and allows them to study the weather in real time. The IOT Based Weather
Informative System displays the weather parameters like Temperature, Altitude, Humidity
and Pressure etc. from this we can forecasts the weather details.

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12. Applications
Agriculture
With the current global trends for agriculture and the depletion of natural resources, the
demand has increased. Preparation of soil, sowing, irrigation, and harvesting of crops are
directly dependent on weather conditions. Thankfully, the IoT technology is fueling the
transformation, helping farmers vulnerable to weather hazards to use the IoT intelligence for
improving their crop fertility and cost. The integration of real-time data into supply chain
plans is assisting in the transportation of perishable commodities across the country, resulting
in increased productivity and efficiency.

Manufacturing
The environment where a manufacturing plant is located can have an unnoticed but
significant impact on the final product. Small changes in temperature and humidity, for
example, might impact the way industrial glues adhere, affecting product quality directly.
A machine, for example, is built to run at a temperature of 100℉. If it runs in much hotter or
colder areas, it will have a completely different life cycle.
Businesses may have a more accurate perspective of the condition of their important business
assets with an IoT weather reporting system, allowing them to optimize their maintenance
and efforts in the event of asset breakdown.

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13. Conclusion
Both linear regression and functional regression were outperformed by professional
weather forecasting services, although the discrepancy in their performance decreased
significantly for later days, indicating that over longer periods of time, our models may
outperform professional ones. The linear regression was demonstrated to be a low bias,
high variance model,while the functional regression was proven to be a high bias, low
variance model. The linear regression model is naturally a high deviation model because
it is uncertain to foreigners, so one way to develop the linear regression model is by
gathering better data. Functional regression, as always, is highly dependent, proving that
the model’s primary is poor and that data collection cannot improve its predictions. This
bias could be due to the design choice to forecast weather based on the weather of the last
two days; it may be too short to catch the trends of the weather that require operational
regression. .If the forecast were instead based upon the weather of the past four or five
days, the bias of the functional regression model could likely be reduced.However, this
would require much more computation time, so it will be postponed for future work.

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14. References

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Formatting:
1) Font :Times new Roman

2) Font Size:content 12,Heading 16, Main Heading 18

3) Document should be Justified

4) Line spacing :1.15

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