MBEYA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

COLLAGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNICAL EDUCATION (COSTE)

DEPERTIMENT OF MEDICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

COURSE; DIPLOMA IN BIOMEDICAL EQUIPMENT ENGNEERING

MODULE NAME; BOOLEAN ALGEBRA, STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY

MODULE CODE; MS 6322

LEVEL; THIRD YEAR

TASK; GROUP ASSIGNMENT

GROUP 14;

GROUP MEMBERS

S/ NAME REG NO:

N
01 MAISHA M JOHACHIM 20123150061
02 FAUZIA MLILO 20123150233
03 JOHN MILLINGA 20123150049
04 ESTHER M JAPHET 20123150217
05 RAFAEL FELIX 19123150356
06 ALLAN CLEMENT 20123150124
07 AGATHA EMMANUEL DAUDI 20100223020228
 QUESTION 14. With examples discuss the measures of central tendency for
ungrouped date

MEASURES OF CENTRAL TENDENCY

A single value, which is representative of a set of values, may be used to give an

indication of the general size of the members in a set, the word ‘average’ often
being used to indicate the single value. The statistical term used for ‘average’ is the
arithmetic mean or just the mean. Other measures of central tendency may be
used and these include the median and the modal values.

This is the value that describes a set of data by identifying the central values of the
given set of values.

These includes; Mean, Mode and Median

(i) MEAN
Mean (Arithmetic Mean) Arithmetic mean ( x ) is the average of the
given data (values).

Mean for ungrouped data

mean ( x ) =
∑ of observation =
∑x
number of observation N

x=
∑x
N
(II) MODE
Mode is a value which occurs most frequently in the given distribution.

Mode for Ungrouped data

Mode for ungrouped data is obtained by checking or inspecting data which occurs
mostly

(III) MEDIAN
Median is the middle value of the given distribution when arranged in
ascending or descending order.

Median for ungrouped data

Case I: When the number of observations (n) is odd, then median value is
n+1
( 2 )th observation

Case II: when the number of observation (n) is even, the median is the average of
n n
two numbers ( 2 )th and ( 2 + 1)th observations

EXAMPLES

01.Determine the mean, median and mode for the set:

{2,3,7,5,5,13,1,7,4,8,3,4,3}

Solution
 Mean value is obtained by adding the set of value divided by number
of members in the set
mean ( x ) =
∑ of set of value =
∑x
number of members∈the set N

2+3+7 +5+5+13+1+7+ 4+ 8+3+ 4+3 65

mean ( x ) = =
13 13

Mean = 5
  To obtain the median value the set is ranked, that is, placed in
ascending order of magnitude, and since the set contains an odd
number of members the value of the middle member is the median
value. Ranking the set gives:
{1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 7, 7, 8, 13}
The middle term is the seventh member, i.e. 4, thus the median value is 4.

 The modal value is the value of the most commonly occurring

member and is 3, which occurs three times, all other members only
occurring once or twice.
02.The following set of data refers to the amount of money in Tsh taken by a
news vendor for 6 days. Determine the mean, median and modal values of
the set:
{2790, 3470, 5440, 1892, 4760, 3968}
Solution

 mean ( x ) =
∑ of amount of money∈Tsh = ∑ x
total number of counted money N

2790+3470+ 5440+ 1892+ 4760+3968 22,320

mean ( x ) = =
6 6
Mean = Tsh 3,720/=

 The ranked set is: {1892, 2790, 3470, 3968, 4760, 5440}
Since the set has an even number of members, the mean of the middle two
members is taken to give the median value,

3470+3968
median=
2
Median = Tsh 3,719/=
 Since no two members have the same value, this set has no mode
03. What is the mode, mode and median of 20,21,22,23,22,25?
Here the mode is 22 which is repeated most number of times
Median; to arrange in ascending order will be,
20,21,22,22,23,25
22+22
median=
2

Median=22

Mean;
From

mean=
∑ of numbers =
20+21+22+23+ 22+ 25
number of members 6

Mean = 22.1667
 REFERENCES
1. John bird, engineering mathematics, fourth edition (2003)
2. Petro L Mayombya, Advanced mathematics for secondary school
form VI, First edition (2020)