Integrated Intelligent Research (IIR) International Journal of Data Mining Techniques and Applications

Volume: 02 Issue: 01 June 2013 Page No.24-28

ISSN: 2278-2419

A Study of the effects of emotions and Personality

on Physical Health using Induced Linked
Neutrosophic Relational Maps(ILNRMs)
A. Victor Devadoss1, A. Felix 2
PG and Research Department of Mathematics, Loyola College, Chennai, India
Email:hanivictor@ymail.com, mathsfelix@gmail.com

Abstract-Emotions have a significant influence on the human paper we analyse that the expression of anger which affects
performance and intelligent behavior.As a negative emotion, physical health problem such as Thyroid problems, High or
anger is the main cause in destroying one’s happiness. Also the low blood pressure, etc. by relating with dimensions of
effects of anger are stress, fear etc., and they play a major role personality of neuroticism using Induced Linked Neutrosophic
in building a negative personality. The personality plays a Relational Maps (ILNRMs).
vital role in affecting states of emotions in any specific
situations. In this paper, we analyzethe emotion‘anger’which II. PSYCHOLOGICAL BASES
affects physical health by relating with the dimensions of
personality using Induced Neutrosophic Relational Maps. A. Emotion
Section one describes problem of study. Section two gives the
information on the development of Induced Linked Emotions as an affective state of consciousness in which one
Neutrosophic Relational Maps. Section three, the adaption of experiences joy, sorrow, fear, hate and so on, as distinguished
the problem using Induced Linked Neutrosophic Relational from cognitive and volitional states of consciousness.
Maps (ILNRMs). Section four,conclusion and scope for Emotions are usually associated with certain psychological
futurestudy. changes, as increased heartbeat or respiration and often visible
expression, as crying or shaking [“Emotion” 2009].
Keywords - Emotions, Personality, Health, Fuzzy Relational Consciousness is assumed as the essence of phenomenal and
Maps and Induced Linked Neutrosophic Relational Maps functional mental life. It provides the basic information for
thinking about events, planning, behaving on the basis of one’s
I. INTRODUCTION thinking and actions. According to Frijda, most stimuli that
brings out emotions are a result of previous experience or
Simulation of human behavior is one of the important and cognitive activities [Frijda 1987].
remarkable subjects in fields of research and creating
applications [Dutton and Starbuck, 1971; Cohn1989; Ghasem-
Aghae 2005]. El-Nasa and Skubic described a fuzzy emotional
agent to make decision in a mobile robot based on three
negative emotions; anger, pain and fear [M.Seif El-nasar and
Skubic 1998]. Shmidt presented the framework of the PECS
(Physic, Emotion, Cognition and Social status). Personality
knowledge is often expressed in terms of linguistic variables
that can be described concepts that usually have vague and
fuzzy variables [Durkin 1994]. Acton [2001] presented a five
factor model, referred to also as OCEAN model and an
extensive table outlining the research on personality by over
thirty researchers.[Ghasem-Aghaee 2008] had done a work on
anger and aggressive behavior in agent simulation.[Timothy
W. Smith 2004]did work on Hositility, anger, aggressiveness
and coronary heart disease: An interpersonal perspective on Fig-1 basic emotions and neutral expression
personality, Emotion and Health.Anger is one of the most
common emotional expressions ever known to man, and every Emotions are created by groups of thoughts in which a stirring
person can experience it. While some people have superior event is related to one or more concern of the individual. In
control over anger, and therefore can express it mildly when other words, emotions result from match or mismatch between
situation calls for it; others may have little or no control over events and concerns [Leshan 1999]. Since emotions are
their anger and can as such explode in rages (violent fits of elaborated concepts, it is problematic to implement all of them
anger). Some people can hold anger inside without expressing beside each other. So, primarily, we identify our working area
it, (i.e. anger repression) for days, months and even years; and pick on emotion to simulate separately. To do this, we
others may just dissipate the feeling of anger after a brief have chosen the anger emotion. Basic emotions are happiness,
moment. It is important to know that anger is a powerful fear, sadness, surprise, anger, and disgust [Frijda 1987].
emotion, and it is the way we handle it that will determine its
short-term or long-term health problems on us. So in this
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Integrated Intelligent Research (IIR) International Journal of Data Mining Techniques and Applications
Volume: 02 Issue: 01 June 2013 Page No.24-28
ISSN: 2278-2419
Anger is the most important one due to the fact that the fear, response to environmental stimuli exclusively [Heinstrom
the sadness, the disgust and even maybe the surprise emotion 2003].
are positively related to anger.
In contemporary psychology, personality is specified as a
B. Anger function of thirty attributes-each of which called personality
facet. The personality facets are clustered in five groups –each
Consider anger as a compound emotion as a combination of called a personality trait [or personality factor].The five
distress and reproach [Ortony et al. 1988]. Anger is an personality factors are also referred to as “the big five” [Costa
intricate issue that cannot be described solely by outer and McCrae, 1992; Howard 2000].The value of each
conditions; it virtually requires the interaction of varied inner personality factor is determined by the values of its six facets.
states .Thus, anger usually is known regarding its experience The five clusters of personality factors are also referred to by
and its behavioral outcomes. Anger can be experienced in letter designation [Acton, 2001; Howard and Howard,2001 a,
response to sadness, fear or painful, negative experiences. b].Acton refer to a thing them as the OCEAN model Since
Therefore, anger could be defined as a reaction of anxiety and dimension of neuroticism is strongly associated with
antagonism which arises because of threats, or injustices aggression and anger as well, we have taken those six faces to
[Hartley 2001].In other words anger is experienced in the state relate with states of anger to find out the effect of anger leads
of frustration, attribution of blame and failure of control or to physical health problems..In the OCEAN model, the letters
power of events. stands for the following meanings:
O: Openness, culture, Originality, or intellect.
Anger is typically expressed outward and, mostly, is presented C: Conscientiousness, consolidation, or will to achieve.
by shouting, making nasty or sardonic remarks. Moreover, E: Extraversion.
Cognition and anger are inextricably connected. Anger results A: Agreeableness or accommodation.
from the cognitive assessment that an external stimuli is N: Need for stability, negative emotionality, or neuroticism.
enticing [Bettencourt et al. 2006].The events, which lead to
anger, do not contain emotional values; this is just the way that
D. Basic Notion and definitions
one perceives the environment that brings about biological
changes [Luhn 1992].In addition to the level of stress, the
a) Neutrosofic Relational Maps (NRMs)
reaction of anger is related to other factors. When anger is
The new notation called Neutrosofic Relational Maps (NRMs)
Low, most of the time, people suppress anger in the middle of
was introduced by Dr. W.B. Vasantha and Florence
a crowd of people. Suppressed anger will create depression as
Smarandache in the year 2000. In NRMs we divide the very
negative emotions that are turned inwards instead of being
casual associations into two disjoint units, like for example the
directed towards outside events [Hartley 2002]. However,
relation; between teacher and a student or relation; between
when anger is high, the person has a propensity to fight with
and employee and employer or a relation; between the parent
other people around him. Anger has a tendency to amplify
and the child in the case of school dropouts and so on. In this
itself. If an individual express anger at angry person both are,
situation we see that we can bring out the casual relations
likely to become even more hostile because outbursts can be
existing between and employee and employer or parent and
frightening and escalate anger thoughts [Luhn 1992]. The cycle
child and so on. Thus for us to define a NRM we need a
of negative thoughts can lead to painful feelings of tension,
domain space and a range space which are disjoint in the sense
frustration, culpability, sorrow, inadequacy [Hartley 2002].
of concepts. We further assume that there is intermediate
Here is the cycle of anger:
relations exist between the domain and the range space. The
 Anger is triggered by an event number of elements in the range space need not in general be
 Anger thoughts are developed equal to the number of elements in the domain space.We
 The next behaviors are based on the angry thoughts proceed to state the definitions of Linked NRM and the
 Anger is fed and breeds a destructive series of angry corresponding Induced Neutrosofic Relational Maps. In NRMs
thoughts and actions we divide the very causal associations into two disjoint units,
like for example the relation between the personality (Domain
Sometimes, the experience of anger is fleeting. The person space) and anger (Range space) in the case of physical health
may burst out a great intensity of anger. Then, as suddenly as it problems. We denote by D, the nodes D1,…,Dn of the domain
came, it is over. On the other hand, some people seethe for space where Di = {(x1,…, xn)/xj= 0 or 1 or I} for i= 1,…,n.
days, months, or even years. They have a kind of ruminative Similarly R, the set of nodes R 1,…,Rm of the range space,
anger that is truly lasting and problematic. where Ri = {(x1,x2…,xm)/ xj = 0 or 1or I} for i =1,…,m.

C. Personality
Personality models are needed; since people with different
personalities may react differently to same situations.
Personality is that patterns of characteristics thoughts, feelings
and behaviors that distinguish one person from another and
that persist over time and situation [Phrares 1991].It is sum
biologically based and learnt behavior which makes the person
When
xi = 0, then the node Ri is in OFF.
xi = 1, then the node Ri is in ON.
xi = I, then the node Ri is in Indeterminate state.
b) Definition
The NRM is a directed graph or a map from D to R with
concepts like policies or events etc. as nodes and causalities as
edges. It represents causal relations between spaces D and R.
Let Di and Rj denote the two nodes of an NRM. The directed

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Integrated Intelligent Research (IIR) International Journal of Data Mining Techniques and Applications
Volume: 02 Issue: 01 June 2013 Page No.24-28
ISSN: 2278-2419
edge from D to R denotes the causality of D on R, called To convert to signal function, choose the first two highest
relations. Every edge in the NRM is weighted with a number in values to each component of C1’ vector pass through M
the set {0,1,I}. Let eij be the weight of the edge DiRj, eij ∈ repeatedly for each positive entry 1 and we use the symbol (≈).
{0,1,I}.The weight of the edge DiRj is positive if increase in Di Then choose that vector which contains the maximum number
implies increase in Rj or decrease in Di implies decrease in Rj. of 1’s. That which causes maximum attributes to ON state and
That is, causality of Di on Rj is 1. If eij = 0 then Di does not call it, say, C2. Supposing that there are two vectors with
have any effect on Rj. If eij = I then Di have an Indeterminate maximum number of 1‘s are inON state, we choose the first
on Rj. We do not discuss the cases when increase in D i implies vector. Repeat the same procedure for C2 until we get a fixed
decrease in Rj or decrease in Di implies increase in Rj. point or a limit cycle. We do this process to give due
importance to each vector separately as one vector induces
c) Relational matrix of the NRM another or many more vectors into ON state. We get the hidden
Let D1,…,Dn be the nodes of the domain space D of an FRM pattern either from the limit cycle or from the fixed point. We
and R1, …,Rm be the nodes of the range space R of an NRM. observe a pattern that leads one cause to another and may end
Let the matrix E be defined as: E = (eij) where eij is the weight up in one vector or a cycle. Next we choose the vector by
of the directed edge DiRj (or RjDi), E is called the relational keeping the second Component in ON state and repeat the
matrix of the FRM. Let A = (a 1,..,an), ai ∈ {0,1,I}. A is called same to get another cycle and it is done for all the vectors
the instantaneous state vector of the domain space and it separately. We observe the hidden pattern of some vectors
denotes the on-off-indeterminate position of the nodes at any found in all or in many cases. Inference fromthis hidden
instant. Similarly let B = (b 1,…,bm),bi ∈ {0,1,I}. B is called the pattern summarizes or highlights the causes.
instantaneous state vector of the range space and it denotes the
on-off position of the nodes at any instant. When a i= 0 or 1 or 2) Algorithm for Induced LNRM
I, if ai is on or off or Indeterminate respectively, for i = 1,…,n. Input: the dynamical system M and the initial vector C1.
Step 1: Take the system as matrix M(m x n) and C1(1 x n)
Similarly bi = 0 or 1or I if bi is on or off or Indeterminate As the input vector
respectively, for i = 1,..,m.Hidden Pattern: Consider DiRj (or Step 2: Pass the vector C1 into a dynamical system M and let
RjDi), 1<j<m, 1<i<n. When Rj (or Di) is switched on and if its resultant be
causality flows through the edges of the cycle and if it again
causes Ri (or Dj), we say that the dynamical system goes round
Step 3: Threshold and update this C1M using the signal
and round. This is true for any node Ri (or Dj ) for 1 <i< m,
function S as
( or 1 < j < n ). The equilibrium state of this dynamical system
is called the hidden pattern. if

 Fixed point: If the equilibrium state of the dynamical if

system is a unique state vector, then it is called a fixed if
point. Consider an FRM with R1,..,Rm and D1,…, Dn as
nodes. For example let us start the dynamical system by . if ↪
i.e
switching on R1 or D1. Let us assume that the NRM settles
down with R1 and Rm (or D1 and Dn) on i.e. the state vector
remains as (10…01) in R [or (10…01) in D], this state Step 4: Assign
vector is called the fixed point T
and let its resultant be
 .Limit cycle: If the NRM settles down with a state vector Pass this vector into the system M
repeating in the form A1A2…AiA1(or B1B2…
BiB1)then this equilibrium is called a limit cycle.
Step 5: Threshold and update this using the signal
d) Linked NRM (LNRM) function S as
Two NRMs represented by a relational matrix, say E 1 or order
m×n and E2 of order n×t can be linked to form a new relational if
matrix E of order m × t. There may not be a direct relationship
if
between the domain spaceof relational matrix E1 and the range
space of E2 but certainly we could find out the hidden pattern if
in the Linked NRMs. Inference fromthis hidden pattern
summarizes or highlights the causes. i.e if ↪
Assign Consider each positive entry
1) Method of finding the hidden pattern in Induced LNRM Step 6:
The induced LFRM was first introduced by T.Pathinathan and of 1 of C1 as the new input vector then Repeat Step-2 through
Thirusangu.K (2005[16]). Let R1,..Rm and D1,..,Dn be the nodes Step-5 and choose the vector which contains maximum number
of a NRM with feed back. Let M be the relational matrix. Let of 1’s and name it as C2
us a hidden pattern when D1 is switched on. We pass the state Step 7: Repeat step 2 through step 7 till we get C2= C2
vector C1 through the Connection matrix M. A particular Output: The pair of limit points.
attribute, say, D1 is kept in ON state and all other components
are kept in OFF state. Let ON state and other values to OFF III. ADAPTATION OF THE PROBLEM
state with 1 and 0 respectively. We make C 1 o M yields, C1’.
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Integrated Intelligent Research (IIR) International Journal of Data Mining Techniques and Applications
Volume: 02 Issue: 01 June 2013 Page No.24-28
ISSN: 2278-2419
To analyze this problem we have chosen three sets of
attributes as Dimension of Neuroticism and agreeableness,
Anger states and Physical Health Problem.

Attributesof Neuroticism
A dimension of personality of neuroticism has six facetswhich
are given below.
P1 –Worry (Anxiety)
P2 - Anger
P3 - Discouragement (depression)
P4 - Self- consciousness
P5 - Impulsiveness In Linked NRM, the relation between the personality of
P6 – Vulnerability neuroticism and the affects of health factors are combined and
Attributes of Anger states the resultant is given below.
Here we have chosen ten states of anger. Call it as M.
A1- No anger
A2- Aroused / Stirred
A3- Annoyed
A4- Distressed
A5- Mad
A6- Peeved (Bad tempered)
A7- Irate
A8- Furious / Rabid
A9- Vicious
A10- Dead
Attributes ofaffects of physical Health problems Step-1:Consider C1 = (1 0 0 0 0 0)
H1 - Neck and shoulder tightness C1M = (1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0);
H2 - Sleeplessness (insomnia).
(1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0)MT = (4 0 2 0 3 0)
H3- Raised blood pressure and arterial disorders /
↪ (1 0 1 0 1 0) = C1
increasing blood sugar.
H4 - Clenching the teeth. C1M (1 0 0 0 0 0)M = (1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0);
H5 - Tension headaches. (1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0)MT = (4 0 2 0 3 0)
H6 - Increase anxiety / High blood cholesterols. ↪(1 0 1 0 1 0)
H7 - Dizziness. (0 0 1 0 0 0)M = (0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0);
H8 - Yelling at people, slamming the door and sudden outburst (0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0)MT = (2 0 2 0 1 0)
of anger. ↪(1 0 1 0 1 0)
H9-Increase perspiration (sweating).Less productivity in (0 0 0 0 1 0)M = (1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0);
school, workplace or at home due to lack of concentration and (1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0)MT = (3 1 1 0 3 0)
poor memory, etc. ↪(1 1 1 0 1 0) = C2.
An expert psychologist draws the following relation between C2M = (2 2 2 0 2 1 0 1 0) (1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0);
the Domain space (personality) and Range space (anger states) (1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0)MT = (4 2 2 0 3 0)
and we represent those relations as relational matrix ↪ (1 1 1 0 1 0) = C2
C2M (1 0 0 0 0 0 )M = (1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0);
(1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0)MT = (4 0 2 0 3 0)
↪ (1 0 1 0 1 0)
(0 1 0 0 0 0)M = (0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0);
(0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0)MT = (0 2 0 0 1 0)
↪( 0 1 0 0 1 0)
( 0 0 1 0 0 0)M = (0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0);
(0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0)MT = (2 0 2 0 1 0)
↪( 1 0 1 0 1 0)
An expert psychotic draws the following relation between the (0 0 0 0 1 0)M = (1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0);
Domain space (anger states) and Range space (physical health (1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0)MT= (3 1 1 0 4 0)
problems) and we represent those relations as relational matrix ↪(1 1 1 0 1 0) = C2
((1 1 1 0 1 0), (1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0))is the fixed point.

Repeat the same process to get another cycle and it is done for
all the vectors separately.

Table-1 the set of all limits points to different input vectors

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 Integrated Intelligent Research (IIR)
Step Limit points Induced
no path
1 ((1 1 1 0 1 0), (1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0)) P1P5P5
2 ((1 1 1 0 1 0), (1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0)) P2 P5P5
3 ((1 1 1 0 1 0), (1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0)) P3P5P5
4 0
5 ((1 1 1 0 1 0), (1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0) P5P5P5
6 (0 0 0 0 0 1), (0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1)
The limit point corresponding to the attributes P 5((1 1 1 0 1 0),
(1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0)) is highlighting that the effect of dimension
of personality of neuroticisms P 1, P2, P3 and P5 creates a
unhealthy problems H1, H2, H3 and H4. i.e the effects of worry,
anger, discouragement (Depression), and Impulsiveness creates
a problems such as Neck and shoulder tightness, Sleeplessness
(insomnia), Raised blood pressure and arterial disorders /
increasing blood sugar and Tension headaches. So here we
attempted to say that if our health is not good, then our
happiness gets destroyed.
International Journal of Data Mining Techniques and Applications
Volume: 02 Issue: 01 June 2013 Page No.24-28
ISSN: 2278-2419
[13] Kosko, Bart (!986), Fuzzy Cognitive Maps International Journal of Man –
Machine Studies, 34, 65 – 75.
[14] Oren, T.I, Nasser Ghasem - Aghaee, BardiaKhalesi and Mohammad
Kazemifard, ‘Anger and Aggressive Behavior in Agent Simulation’.
[15] Oren, T.I., and N. Ghasem – Aghaee.2003 .“Personality Representation
Processable n Fuzzy Logic for Human Behavior Simulation”.In
Proceeding of the 2003 Summer Computer Simulation Conference,
Montreal, PQ, Canada.
[16] Pathinathan. T, Thirusangu K 2005 “On Tension Causes for School
Dropouts – An Induced Linked Fuzzy Relational Mapping (ILFRM)
Analysis”
[17] W.B VasanthaKandasamy, FlorentinSmarandacheand Ilanthenral,
‘Elementary Fuzzy Matrix Theory and Fuzzy Models for Social
Scientists’, Printed in United States of America, 2007.
.

IV. CONCLUSION

When anger, a completely normal human emotion, gets out of

control, it can lead to problems at work, in one’s personal
relationships and health which destroy our happiness.
Interestingly, experts revealed that praying, playing with kids
and listening music are effective. In this article we observed
that exposure of anger may lead to violence and nowadays
youths are involving in much violence which will be our main
scope of study in the future to analyze the causes of youth
violence.

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