CHAPTER XXX.

FUKTHKK I lRATICAL KAIDS.

1G81-1C87.

DAMPIER AND ms COMRAM-.S on THI. \ Tlivrn TIIF.Y Mr.r.r WITH

kNBB \V\i: \ THFII: M.\u-n ~
W ni SEA TIIKY F.u.r,
Sim- AM. SAIL CAP1 I:OI-.M. H.j.
\-Tnr.v ATTACK l!i u. EJO THEYSAIL FORTH LATA
HI.KI. THKY ARE I; h -Tiu.v I l. N> TH> COAJV O1
;CA "\YIIKKK i III.Y <

iu\ INTKI.I.I. MKTII;

Tin: PIK \ 1 \i:i. i

OF MA KAIDS ON I.KU\, ,., AM -ADA 1 I IKTY OF TUB

FILIBUSTERS FURI HKU OPERATIONS OF TIIK PIRATES,

DAMPIKII and liis comrades, nttvr tli-y liad parted 1

company with Sharp, shapnl their CMII)>C for the S;r

^lai-i a Kiver
flowing into the gulf of San M .and
on the following day raptmvd -mall hark ;i an<-h>i

to 1 CM- ward of Cape Pa -a do. This \\

^ivat good fortune as tlj-ir boata were too .-r 1 t

tin-in. On the LMth of they tom-ln-d at Aj>ril

t

i-land of Gorgona whriv, liavin^ takm sm.- jrisonc

tlu y learned th; piragua crossed over n mi the i

mainland v two or tlnvr days to reconimii ud

that three ships were kept in ivadii: in1 pt i"

tin-in nn thrir ivtnni. \\"ith a tavorahlr hn-r/i? th-

from Gorgona tlir sanir evening, and on t
>ailrd

morning of the 28th, on emeiyinir lrin a rain s.juall,

r^pird two large ships t<> windward aln.ut a Ira;_rur
and a half distant. .1
)anipirr s nirii wrrr in a h 1-

oiis
jusition, l-t \vrrn the Spanish rri. I and tin-

, which was only two 1 3 oil .

Happily
1
They miiiibcivl 44 Kuropeacs, one Spanish Indian, anl Mosquito
Indian
544 FURTHER PIRATICAL RAIDS.

rain again came on and enabled them to pass the

enemy unseen. The next morning they anchored off
Point Garachina, about seven leagues from the gulf
of San Miguel, where they remained all day drying
their ammunition and preparing their weapons in
anticipation of their landing being opposed. Soon
after daybreak on the 30th they entered the gulf and
came to anchor outside a large island four miles dis
tant from the mouth of the Santa Maria. Though
the tide was favorable for ascending the river they
took the precaution to send a canoe ashore to recon
noitre, and a ship was discovered lying at the mouth
and a large tent pitched on the land adjacent. Though
disheartened at this news the freebooters were, never
theless, bent upon making their return overland. So
the canoe was again sent to the island and succeeded
in capturing one which had put off from the enemy s
ship for the island. From the captives they learned
that for six months the vessel, which had twelve guns,
had been guarding the mouth of the river, and that
the force amounted to one hundred and fifty soldiers
and sailors, the former being quartered on shore.
Three hundred more were expected to arrive from
the mines on the next day. 2 The pirates now deter
mined to land elsewhere at any risk that night, or
3
early the following morning. With wind and tide
against them they reached Cape San Lorenzo at day
break and sailing about a league farther ran into a
creek sheltered by two small islands. Here they
landed and, putting their effects ashore, sunk their
vessel and made all preparations for a march into the
interior.*
As some of the company did not appear in condi-

2
There were, moreover, two ships, one carrying 20 guns and 200 men, and
the other ten guns and 150 men, cruising in the bay between the gulf and
Gorgona. Dampicr s Voy., i. 6.
Dampier strongly urged his comrades to run for the river Congo, three
3

leagues distant, and ascend it to the limit of tide- water, but could not per
suade them of the existence of a large river so near, but they would land
somewhere, they did not know how, where, nor when. Id., 7.
4
This landing was effected May 1, 1G81. Id.
ii >!! to nil

I to pi han<

Spania; Y
thi- terrible alternative <li<l n<>t,
del ,

d in t ftrrnoon oand of :

their march and adva

( )n tii
O morale O
following O
they ?
native li wh<-i 11

ive
thry purchased provisions, 1 :iu<l :

ootained a LMiide t oth.-r Indian >

.- N
d;iy hey si nick tin* ( Joi 1 hit I

from th.-ir lasi night s li;d; ;ind ,

til ;:ii Indian with

-
I I <>ld f, diili.-iilt y in-
diu-t ur^ (l him to th-ir --nidr t
mpaiiy \ .

two days longer f T annthur lr

( )n t In- -1th of May tln-y contiini-d tln-ir
<

linually wading ihroii^h rivera and

with the heavy rain which whm tiiry halted ]:
I

tin-in from ol)tainin-- t U to warm th<

01- c ><>k thrir food. \Vrary and hungry i

w- thoii _rht of thr Spani..

-ucli as to hani.-di all

only anxirty to ohtain

ir gui I>rin_r 1

d day- -d on undrr in
-

they
<

l :
>U
j<

liardshi[)s, rrdin^ on nionkrys

and such t

they
-
could ohtain from the native E
tin !i which thry passed.
ll\ this uiiui thev had ohiain.-d a r- /
1

d tin- had arrived at another

( . i

d j:t!i
.vhirh caused them
-

,i|rllrd to f, ,rd i .d ti: !

6
Thoy IP 1 that t hoy were n . tlircc milo.s |

1
I _ .

<>ur nu-ii l" iii 4 tin -1 L .

l i

l.y
1 \vitha
<i)nli:r;i. . /
J
8
\Vlu-n th.
those
ith th L -I 1

, C JOU; aliilKX), the c:

With wax. /

111 L. II. 35
546 FURTHER PIRATICAL RAIDS.

liincton the last occasion two of the party who were

unable to keep up with the main body. Night fell on
them unprovided with shelter, and to add to their
miseries a thunder-storm with heavy rain broke over
them.
Next morning, the 8th of May, the guide informed
them that the river would have to be crossed again, o *

but it was now so swollen that fording was impossible.

It was decided, therefore, to send a man over with a
line. One of the band, George Gayny, accordingly
made the attempt, but the line which he had fastened
about his neck became entangled, and the man on
shore who was paying it out suddenly stopped it.
This threw Gayny, who was half way across, on his
back. The man in charge of the rope then threw it
into the river, hoping that Gayny might recover him
self, but being weighted with three hundred pesos,
which he carried on his back, the impetuous current
carried him away and he was drowned. 9
After this failure they felled a lofty tree across the
river, and over it all passed in safety. Their guide
now left them, having obtained a substitute. Cross
ing another river their way led through a beautiful
valley adorned with trees. Five miles beyond they
came to a settlement and were somewhat alarmed at
the sight of some wooden crosses on the road-side,
thinking that Spaniards were there. They prepared
for action, but found none but Indians in the town,
where they were kindly received. 10
For the next ten days they struggled on with sev
11
eralchanges of guides, incessantly crossing rivers
and forcing their way through the trackless forest,

9
The two men behind, afferward, when they rejoined their comrades,
left
stated that they found him lying dead in a creek with the money still on his
back, but they did not take it, being intent on finding their way out of the
country. Id. 17. ,
10
Here Doctor Wafer and four others, including the two stragglers, stayed
behind. They rejoined their comrades, however, some months later. Id., 19,
24; Wafer s Voy., 4-43.
11
One day they crossed the same stream 22 times in a march of nine miles,
Dampier s Voy., i. 19.
 :

limhs chafed and raw with wading, i

in evil ]>];

On tli
Ma;, worn
]><>
Iliver, whieh tli- IK! on
tt
j<>;.
!ited the North S-

mountain-ridge. The \\ <T was li- nd idad .

trt tlicy d led the 1

hank the river Concepcion, il.

<>f

they flowing north.

f<>un<l The following d
-I down he Bi ivam, and err proriin d 1 1"M--

to earry tin-in to its month. During th-

many M:i^li>h and French ships had lo-n th n-, hut
all had d.-partrd Avith the e n of a French pri-
v.-i wlTu-h lay at La Sound K<-y.
13
A
ni-ht at the mouth of the river, they <
to
the island, and wmt the \cssd which al><ard v,

commanded hy Captain Tristaiu. I n; -in

the crew l)eads, kui\ rs, and lookii

with which to reward their ^uid-s th-y
in with the additional of half a ].. 90
V/itli this the .Indians Were well n<l i

u [f for the K ir s v, 1 i 1 1 1 i 1 1

kind treatment Waf-r and <f 1

]
-

iained h.-hiud in th-ir settlenfr

r
rii
journey across l-thmns i had oc-

three days, during whieh th

ahout thirt\ hrou
and amon-* "de6p and
,
MS 1.

They had arrived on the smith coast just as tl

and
O an, and the ri\ >on .- .

ere cntin
Ifaca* -
;
., :
:
. -
.
,
:
.
/, !-..-. I
i -

>\a nl>

TtteM
.1 Itfcoinr ;i : tecrs, i

as in the case of Lt
548 FURTHER PIRATICAL RAIDS.

yet only one man perished. They had chosen a cir

cuitous route, going seventeen leagues farther than
if they had ascended the Chepo or the Santa Maria,

by either of which courses the journey could have

been made from sea to sea in three days, the Indians
frequently accomplishing it in a day and a half.
The hardships which Dampier underwent during
this trip did not deter him from another adventure on
the South Sea. In the latter part of 1683, having
joined a ship commanded by a Captain Cook, he was
again cruising in company with another vessel under
Captain Eaton off the western coast of South Amer
ica. Although they had sailed round Cape Horn,
their operations wr ere unimportant during the whole
of their voyage up that coast. Their intention, in
deed, was to try new ground and make a raid upon
Realejo and Leon in Nicaragua. When they arrived
about the beginning of July at Cape Blanco, on the
Costa Rica seaboard, Captain Cook died, and John
Davis was appointed to his place. 14
While engaged in burying their late captain on
the shore of Calderas Bay they captured three half-
breeds from whom they learned that the Spaniards
had been warned by the people of Panama to beware
of buccaneers. This news did not prevent them,
however, from proceeding on the 20th of July toward
Kealejo where they arrived three days later. Their
operations here were unprofitable, as they found the
Spaniards thoroughly prepared for them. They there
fore sailed to the bay of Fonseca for the purpose of
careening their vessels. Here an attempt to estab-
with the Indians of one of the
blish friendly relations
islands was interrupted by the rough action of one
14
Davis, according to Exqiiemelin, was born in Jamaica. Bucaniers of
Amer., 49. Lussan, in Id., 26, states that he was a Fleming. The first
author gives a brief narrative, without date, of a bold raid made by this buc
caneer into Nicaragua from the Atlantic side. In this enterprise he must
have passed up the San Juan River, on the banks of which the pirates,
80 in number, concealed themselves by day, and rowed during the night.
What city it was they attacked is not clear, but the booty obtained was more
than 50,000 pesos.
 tin 1
l)i; , whieh cau
nal i .
who il

I in inducing tli half ;i ,!

his trihe to vi/itth- ship I

having won tl.

Mi-will hy presents, obi

aaiiH-d in tlir 1 ,

m an inland
which they <li: 1 them. AI I

painn-- their \ band

dejo for tiin d on I 1 of 5

aber ! >a\
4-ain Bailed tiward, having par;
with whom lie
K;it.,n liad liad troul
Onthe 20tli ed the h<> i
i

while lyin- there was October _d, l.y <

(
joined,
nt thr CtjjiH. f and (
laptain Peter
i
1 1

of the luuvaneei- of that name Iviiled in wh< i

eng meni before Panam^ in 1080. Swan liad

plied ly Lniidt.n merchants with i

ti-ad; in these 1), in l>tit i

Harris and his eomrath s who had Airland.

enipelled llilll to
lllell tl. j<>in
:

of the rovers was marked

liie.-f iun^
l>y

Independently or coll they<

--ed in .

of cruises th^ coasl oil "i" South A ica, the i

Plata hein^ the rend A fter

the town of ( ! nil, ih<
pa !.

t
carrying letters i r<>ni I anainii 1 Lin Tl,

Spaniards hr-w the t 1 : rd \\

bed, the ruse was deteci ed, an<l 1 rom the j

Which the l)tlec;i d tl)

nl new- that nnada had arri\-d
i
Spain i
ir>ni

Portohello and that the president of aniniKi had 1

15
Davis lift to tlif <
. half full of tl>u-
.
\vanl

.. 1 JO; 1

the s;

n. j)nin} .">
I- s alao * Ulantl.
1 1.

1 liiin
.nl lia-I it t<>
: t thus.
:;^ in \\ ith I -in liiii:
an Fuil.an i^u- .1
.
550 FURTHER PIRATICAL RAIDS.

this boat with instructions to hasten the departure

of the treasure-fleet from Peru. This occurred on
the 1st of January 1685. The wildest excitement
followed as the prows of the vessels were turned
toward the Pearl Islands, the best place from which
to seize the treasure-ships. They arrived there the
25th, having captured on the way a ninety-ton vessel
laden with flour. Then they careened and cleaned
their vessels, and by February 14th all was in readi
ness. The marauders then proceeded to Perico and
engaged in correspondence with the president of Pa
nama for the release of two of their men who had
18
fallen into the hands of the Spaniards. The result
was an exchange of prisoners, the crew of the vessel
last taken, to the number of about forty, being sur
rendered as ransom for the two freebooters.
Meanwhile the Spaniards continued in their puerile
efforts to rid themselves of the vipers. On one occa
sion a pretended merchant, under pretext of wishing
to traffic, steered a vessel laden with combustibles
close up to them while at anchor. Having ignited
his fire-ship, he and his crew escaped in canoes, \vhile
the buccaneers were forced to cut their cables in all
19
haste to avoid destruction.
Soon afterward they were joined by no less than
two hundred and eighty French and English bucca
neers who had crossed the Isthmus, and who reported
that one hundred and eighty more English were fol
20
lowing under Captain Townley. This accession was
gratifying; the ninety-ton prize was at once
surren
dered to the French, who numbered two hundred
under Captain Grogniet, \vhile the English were re
ceived on board the ships of Swan and Davis.
21

18
One was captured while hunting, and the other was one of Captain
Harris men who had been left on the Santa Maria River the year before.
Sampler s Voy., 177-8, 1SG-7.

Dampier states that a Captain Bond planned this stratagem. Bond had
19

been abandoned by Eaton and his own pilot, Morton, and persuaded his men
to go over to the Spaniards. /(/., 189-90.
For an account of their journey see Lussan, Journal du Voy., 37 et seq.
"

21
The French captain, called by Dampier Gronet, offered Davis and Swan
 Sf.

AY! {tur<-d
two 1

Maria, and a Pew d !

\virl that all r hand, lhiv- hum:

ir
way o\ .-1 lainl from i lie NTnri ii

nioiitl
of Panama. \ i-ilantly watdiii
ji<
.

Meanwhile they t.

ml intercepted which
:j>t
m 1 i

ained that the Lima had l>i

! i

sultaf inn \vhirh could i

i

i:i r to elude tlu- \t\n\

ord< .ml }. \\-\-\\ .

)!.
liu^-ly. Thr\ .
l. arm-il
niaiuicil with all tlio a\ ailahl.- >i i
ru,
orders not to with the hue
I rn<.

a could possibly \n- ;i\"ided.

l>attle

On the 28th of .May the pirate il---i lay

l^u-h island and the mainland. ( in <

being a mile to the northwai d. It oonsi

carry in^ iifiy-two ^uus and nine hun
!

in Ahor.t eleven o <

Avliich had In-cn rainy, cleared 1 th 1

Spanish ii

in-- fourteen shij.->

beiide |>ira
S

? cM.innii.~sic.li, cxtfinlc-1 l.y t!"

;p]ily his t-:i| with Maiik t

ae. I
,.ni|.,
while I

: of tli.

ami Hi, lit. /

i did imt ;i]*]>r;ir,

t! \vas 8Ci
in S i, On the l. ith -
.I in ^ith .1 I

1 man I
by 11.

h;nl ].

j.tain 1

I tO !:.- Ii: tlK S.

.ah 1 l<> m<

Q; h
i.sh. I

Laik into a lirr-

-

] A.ln.i
i; t
idmiral,
552 FURTHER PIRATICAL RAIDS.

one hundred and sevent} -four guns and manned by

7

more than three thousand sailors and marines, was

seen approaching. Disparity of numbers did not,
.

however, intimidate the buccaneers, and for the great

prize that now lay in sight they would have engaged
with even half their force. 25 Being to windward of
the Spaniards they weighed anchor about three o clock
in the afternoon, but night fell upon them before
they
could effect more than the exchange of a few shots.
Although Spanish arms had greatly deteriorated
since the days of the conquerors, there was still some
thing of the Spanish stratagem left which in this
instance proved a match even for pirate cunning.
When the darkness had set in the admiral of the
treasure-fleet hung out a light as a signal for his ves
sels to come to anchor. In half an hour the light was
extinguished, but some time afterward the buccaneers
saw it again, stealing away from Panama. Being
well to the windward they kept under sail all night
in sight of the signal, but when morning dawned they
discovered that they had been decoyed to the leeward
by a solitary vessel sent in that direction and that
the enemy had now the weather-gage, and was bear
ing down upon them with all sail set. Thus were the
tables turned, and their only safety lay in flight.
During the whole day they maintained a running
fight, and having sailed almost round the bay of Pan-
amd, anchored their now battered vessels again off the
2(
isle of Pacheca. In the morning three leagues to lee-

of IS Guns, 250 Men; and one of 8 Guns, 200 Men; 2 great Fire-ships, 6
Ships only with small Arms, having 800 Men on board them all; besides 2
or 3 hundred Men in Periagoes. This account was obtained afterward from
Captain Knight, who, when off the coast of Peru, gathered the information from
some captives. Dampier s Voy., 207-8.
Grogniet sailed away when the Spaniards came in sight. He afterward
25

urged as an excuse that his men would not let him join in the fight. He was
cashiered, but was eventually allowed to depart with his ship and men. /</.,

20S-9. Such is the English account. Lussan, however, states that because
Grogniet s ship had no guns and was intercepted by a vessel carrying 28 can
non lie was unable to join in the engagement. Journal du Voy., 85-6.
20
The loss of Spaniards in this engagement is not known, but Dampier
makes the doubtful statement that the pirates lost only one man. Voy., 209.
The account given by Lussan, who was on Harris ship, differs materially
 L

:-d ili- ane] 1 ;i

>uth !
illy >prh up
I
ananiii, withoul
tin- advanl lined
Thus after nearly month- !anm
exj ti"ii their _
pri/e eluded ti ml
th<-
disappointed and !
pi
r the i>l<<s

ofQuibo. [There a consultation M,

ieh resulted in
determination ;i t

Leon in Xiearau ii;i. Th once 1

lion- and huilt a nunil-rr of canoes in wliidi

r

ihcir landing. 2 11n-<- ln-in d 1 1: aled

port of LYal.-jo on tin- 20th of 1
-I

arrived on the CO ihonf ci;^

lh- liarhor on the 9th of A Tln-y no\\ mai
their canoes, to the niunhrr of th th 1

linndrcd and ii!y men, and made fm- t! t\v<

the others taking eh tin- i

there \vrrc \vo heavy squalls \vhieh pi iem f

reme peril, but hy dint of hai d rowin

the port that ni^hi. .t i

the .lio\vin^ morning- they r.

i
up 1

f
]>;unpier.
He.-issertsthat the trcasin
; unnoticed l.y the hi: that 1 :

n, with i!

anipier. Harris ship reei-ived I Jo

! ml
. Swan
n *uh <<

-.., . .

i Dan I
by tl tho
iad tin-- >".
ni:ui : trn days in I

rnment had not done.

Mhieh the En^lLih yoverninenL JJuru<>

Wo were ^la<;
6 them; .nd owel that to, i in a
to to pursue thei :. / ;

While th
M>. The town \\as ea>dy

obtained. <>n the ;.th .

Mad n. -t n
!".
;

e of th i of tl..

i thoii
nail nuinl put up \\ ith
curs, i.

tlehari|Ua:
n. .w -

.
T.-uiiley. and Ki Harris bad lost
whU-h In-iii, old and rotten iVil in pi. oe* V hlk ho was careening 1

, _
554 FURTHER PIRATICAL RAIDS.

ing to Leon, at the Lead of which, on the river bank,

they found a breastwork. Their approach was dis
covered by the watchmen who fled to Leon and
30
it.
reported
The pirates now quickly effected a landing and four
hundred and seventy men were detailed in four de
tachments under the command of Townley, Swan,
31
Davis, and Knight, while Darnpier with the remain
der was left in charge of the canoes. 32
Townley with his company entered the town about
two miles in advance of the others, and overthrew a
body of nearly two hundred horsemen who charged
him in the main street. The infantry, to the number
of five hundred, were drawn up in the plaza, but per
ceiving the discomfiture of the cavalry fled without
offering resistance, and Leon, captured by eighty men,
33
lay at the mercy of the freebooters.
At noon on the following day the governor sent in
a flag of truce with offers to ransom the town, 34 but
30
According to one authority only two men were on the lookout. One of
these perceived the buccaneers and hastened to the city to give warning. His
story was not believed; he was arrested and it was the intention to have him
publicly flogged. This occurred August 21, 1G85. Morel, Visita, MS., 47-8.
Townley, with 80 of the briskest Men, inarched before, Captain Swan
31

with 100 Men inarched next, and Captain Davis with 170 Men marched next,
and Captain Knight brought up the Rear. Dampier s Voy., 219.
32
There is a discrepancy in the account of Darnpier, who states that 59
men were left with him, which would raise the number of those who left the
fleet to 530, without counting the four captains.
33
Townley took the town at 3 P. M., Swan arrived at 4 P. M., and Davis at
5 P. M. Knight did not come up till an hour later, leaving many tired out,
who afterward came straggling in. The Spaniards killed a stout old Grey
headed Man aged about 84, who had served under Oliver in the time of the
Irish Rebellion. He had refused to- remain with the canoes, and when sur
rounded by the Spaniards would not accept quarter, but discharged his gun
at them, so they shot him dead at a distance. His name was Swan; he was
a very merry hearty old Man, and always used to declare he would never take
Quarter/ Id., 219-20. According to Morel deSta Cruz, Visita, MS., 48, the
buccaneers entered the town at 11 A. M., opposed by only 50 men, 49 of
whom fled, the remaining one fighting until disabled by many wounds.
31
One Smith who had dropped behind and was captured so exaggerated
the numbers of the freebooters that the governor was afraid to attack them,
though Smith estimated his forces at over 1,000 men. Smith was afterward
exchanged for a lady of high position. Dampitr s Voy., 220. Lussan states
that the French, having arrived at the port of Realejo some months later,
learned that succor had been sent from towns in Nicaragua and Salvador, and
that the English freebooters avoient envoye" plusieurs fois offrir & ces gens
do seconrs, le combat en raze savana, ce qu ils avoient toujours refuse, disant
qu ils u etoient pas encore tous ramassez. Journal du Voy., 112-3.
 TO.

11 H domam I ; so
that all In- could <1<

>rto]

until li

(\\>l tin; in\adi In a I

tin ml "ii I !

tin- month, lia\ i:

city >n lire and march-

Thu ]irate- n< \! di

which th ad without opp Bui

tin tiiry were balked, lindi lothing 1

S>, for a i;, th

; country, killin
Then they burned t! \\n. and return] to th
canoes iv p.incd tln-ir >\i\\>.
Th qr,
wh;
b.e L ith, JJa\ is
. and >

orincr l)cinn anxion- itirn to the South

-

:
i

coast,
i<-anwhile Swan \vas desirous of trying hi

tuno oil the shoi-fs of M^xi Tliuir ^

liowuVL-r, amicahlr, and tlu- t\\o li

lh Ji-ti-d
c:ini|)aiiy
en the iTtli, lir.-.l ia]

tla-y turned their proWfl jj

in
J Jut tlu; uni ortunate citiea of h
be lefl ].
in
hundre.l and
l)and. rrogniet, with three
(

iu liis shi[)and li

cruised slowly northward. His th >W-

were liul-- 1 )urin-- th-

<>f

importance.
alon- coa y land
th. ;md abandoned, and ti

lid DO! ; the town, finding it t

:i.i a .-joo.ooo riccc M

Ac<
nui. 1,000
/., J
I >..!

Mil, lur
!

tin- I lul:
i umr,.
tlu G.
556 FURTHER PIRATICAL RAIDS.

37
garrisoned. They then proceeded against Pueblo
Viejo, and having foraged the surrounding country
again directed their course southward and entered the
bay of Calderas with the intention of taking Esparza,
to execute which design fifty men were sent ashore.
They were deterred, however, from making the at
tempt by learning that the Spaniards had gathered in
considerable force to oppose them. Their sufferings .

from hunger became excessive, and they were com

pelled to kill and eat some horses which they cap
38
tured, after four days starvation.
Their ship had been despatched to the island of San
Juan de Pueblo as their general place of rendezvous, 39
and thither the canoes now turned their course. Their
next operations were directed against Chiriquita,
which they succeeded in surprising on the 9th of Jan
uary 1686 with a force of two hundred and thirty
men. Having secured a number of prisoners, for
whom they afterward obtained a ransom, they burned
4(
the town and retired.
On their return to Pueblo a Spanish fleet of seven
ships, twelve piraguas, and three long barks made
its appearance, and was recognized as a squadron
sent against them from Peru. Their ship being no
longer serviceable through want of sails, they ran her
aground, and took up a favorable position on the
banks of a river, where they had already begun build
ing large-sized piraguas. Here the enemy dared not
attack them, and having burned the stranded vessel
bore away.
On the 14th of March, having completed the con
struction of the piraguas, they left Pueblo in two
37
A cause de I excommumcation qu ils avoient eux-rnetnes fulminde con-

ire elle. Lussan, Journal du Voy., 119.

38
Apres quatre jour d une abstinence fort 6troite. Id., 126.
39
About 20 leagues distant from Chiriquita, and about 24 leagues west of
Panama. Id., 88, 131.
40
Lussan nearly lost his life by falling with four others into an ambuscade.
But he escaped unwounded, though two of the party were killed and a third
lay hors de combat. The faith of this freebooter in the protection of provi
dence is refreshing: je ne fus garanti du massacre, he says, sans etre seule-
meut queparune protection du Ciel toute manifesto. Id., 135.
biesse",
 a f<>

cai and having In-ld a

that their number Ji,-i.l be n n duced i

paratioD from tl. .

T

attack iranada iii N <

bein
h hunger they attempted i

Niu-v.i, and I
:lily liandl.-d
linn-nt of tinSpanish lln-t
1

1- of
the river. 45 ]Invup.in the pir;,t,-
hay of Calderaa and the town V. <>f . \\-\\\

inid abandoned,
) T! Uam<-<l,
i

visions iVoiu a ]lai. -n on tin- They DOW

consultfil as to tlicii- inctliod on Granada,
and niadf rcrtain i-t^ula
y tlioiig-ht would uiisuix- the sue
41
prise.
On tlio -i! 1
Grogni II in with Town 1

liundi rd and iifty ineii in live can. ind l>y

aliatioii for (lie treat nn-nt !i liis i

the ]iand> of tin- I

tin-in prisons Ai tT keeping tln-ni in din

:-al lioui s tin- Frenchmen
i that no liarni would 1-

ir c-aiv to thcni. to fr n inlsliip.

\vnl.-y and his in-n ly requ 1 <> !

niiitrd i Bociatea in tin- medil

<

anad propo>itn;n
which was lifi

; ion.
Tlnj cuinhiind foro J on the 7th of April 168

*l
! the month of IY1>ruary
14 <1:

:-.st in thi-

"According to JU

, 112; and ]

21.
558 FURTHER PIRATICAL RAIDS.

landed three hundred and forty-five men, 45 who by

forced marches advanced into the interior; but not
withstanding all possible precautions they were dis

covered, and the alarm conveyed to Granada while

46
they were still at a considerable distance.
Perceiving
that a surprise could not be effected, on the 9th they
halted to rest and refresh themselves, enfeebled as
they were with hunger and fatigue. On the following
day they advanced upon the city which they found to
be well fortified and protected by fourteen pieces of
cannon and six swivels, the inhabitants having in
trenched themselves in the great square. 47 Never
theless they at once charged up the leading street
with a recklessness that astonished their foes; 48 and
having put to flight a strong force which they en
countered in the suburbs, were soon actively engaged
with the fort.
The fire of the artillery was heavy and rapid, but
rendered in a great measure ineffective by the pirates
adroitly bending to the ground at every discharge, so
that the balls passed over them; seeing which the
Spaniards ignited false primings, and postponed the
discharge of their guns till the freebooters had as
sumed an upright position. Then the latter ranged
themselves beside the houses, and having gained a
small eminence at a convenient distance, so plied the
defenders with bullets and hand-grenades that after
a brave resistance for an hour and a half they aban
doned the inclosure and sought refuge in the principal
church. They were quickly dislodged, however, and
the city of Granada was in possession of the pirates,

Lussan, Journal du Voy., 154. Robles says 900 men entered Leon and
45

Granada. Diario, ii. 435.

46
Lnssan states that the people of Granada had been warned three weeks
previously by the authorities of Esparza. Journal du Voy., 154-5.
Burney states that Granada was not regularly fortified, but had a place
47

of arms surrounded by a wall. Discov. South Sea, iv. 267. Lussan says this
was capable of holding 6,000 men. Journal du Voy., 160.
48
Ils foncerent dans la ville les yeux fermez, chantans dan cans com me
des gens qui vont & un festin. Lettre du Gouv., in Lussan, Journal du Voy.,
256.
 >

who had ir kill. "

w ]

ill.
Spall!
tl)< t

>\v
French tilihu
\a: and t.ll,,v 1

were the Kurdish freebo Th

1 their li\ -id bodi< s it v.

with i-d to tli- k Tl

hurn :is and cut oil the 1: of - v.
captiv(
in was not promptly 1 . hut dil
not IK their d.-votioi
chantrd the fee deum in the
then huntud for plunder aii<l
women,
.

ojx-nrd tiations hy meanfl of a

j

61
r the ]-ansoni of the c-ity i r.ni lire. Tl n-
i;trds, ])o\ r, were indiili-n-nt, j
ully
lh ion of had
that Jii
Mipanioiis would n
their intention t me monl !

and pass tlirou^h tlie country hy

i-tli S. and that tin :tv
uld 1)0 inconvenient. lintth rs th- dif-

enlly, and perai t their h..otl. -il-

joui-ney, hum- d the C id prir

ildin
o
pirates no\v deemed it prudenl to i

on the 5th he^an their inan-h to tl

1

their courxj to the town of V

o loss than
! i t stated on
one of tin prin
*ant )

ilixs, <fc <! lour ;

ilto

ri
j
ilc- -hips and con-
::l ill tlir laK
\.

-
i ratee* message a mere threat,

i:it tli

I^aguDa^aixl
560 FURTHER PIRATICAL RAIDS.

lake of that name. Their sufferings were great un

their return march. Parched with thirst, scorched
by the vertical sun, and choked with the stifling
dust, they toiled along discontented and miserable,
54
incessantly exposed to ambushed foes. For a day
they rested in Masaya, where the Indians received
them kindly and implored them not to burn their
town. On the 17th, as the freebooters were emerg
ing from the forest upon an open plain, they were
opposed by a body of five hundred Spaniards, who
had hoisted a red flag in token that no quarter would
be given. But the pirates, never fearing, attacked
and overthrew the enemy, capturing fifty of their
horses.
After more secure, they slowly wended
this, feeling
their way to the ocean, halting at convenient places
and resting from the fatigues of their exhausting
march. By 26th they reached the sea-shore,
the
where they again embarked. They now once more
made a raid on Realejo, captured a number of the in
55
habitants, and then proceeded to Chinandega and
burned the town. During these forays they suffered
greatly from hunger, since the Spaniards systemat
ically destroyed all provisions
wherever the freeboot
ers made their appearance, and had also driven their
cattle from the coast.
It was a profitless enterprise that these rovers had
been engaged in, from first to last. Their booty was
6
insignificant/ many of their
wounded had died from
privation and the effect of the climate, and difference
of opinion as to future movements finally displayed
itself. At a consultation held on the 9th of May a
separation was decided upon, and a few days later
a
division of barks, canoes, and provisions was made.
54
They had carried off from Granada a cannon, but were obliged to aban-
don it the first day owing to the oxen dying of thirst. Lussan, Journal du
Voy.
55
They came upon Ria Lexa unexpectedly, and made 100 of the inhab
itants prisoners. Burners Discov. South Sea, iv. 269.
56 In all only 7,600 pesos, and this sum was divided among the crippled
and wounded. Lussan, Journal du, Voy., 177.
 COSTA UK !

hundr id forl lie I

the under TownL

1 ish

Gro^niet with the remainder of hi

up tin- ooasti>vard

1 >wnley
s project \\ :
,-k Villa de 1

ensued tin IJio Cuhita. I Ic i in Mirpi

the tow& and captured men-hand! timat.-d i

w. ii-th a million ami a half of p<

thousand pesos in money and three him

of both s. But disaster was in store for i

marauders on their ivuirn, ami parties of them w.

sui-prisrd l.y ambuscades; many were kill- d and t

l)M.ty iN-takrn
S|aniards. ly the Then foil
inutiial retaliation. of the slain The lx>dic>

re mutilated and their In on poles, while I

their romrad< s, out of revenue, deeapitat. d a 1111111

of their capt r .nd treated head- in like man-
r. N et tlu Sf f
inies did not interrupt i

|;;i>

lions; the remainder of the prisoners \\ pe .

i

and tlie. Spaniards pmvlia^-d a of \\lii.-h tli l>ark

amial le vi>itrs had d<-prived :.i. th<

Townley, having thus arran-jvd witli i: T

inhabitants of Los Santos, 1" i

Islands, and for the next two months crui-ed al-ont

the hay of .Panama making descents on the kind
f
and rapturing prix- riie slaughter of the Spaniards
in some of thex> en m-nt< was gi the i

21st of August ^ the buccan attacked

and a hark, the former of which vessels had ty
killed and \vounded out of a nvw .f one hund;

and twenty, and of the crew of 1 Ji-

n out of niained un :

1 tai Town-
]e ,
Eireer now came to a clo^ During I

two days they captured three m<

of tl. incuts the ain of the pirat - was

lnorially wounded, ami died on the sth
During the remainder of t

* sous le vent Je Panama. /

7<
i
%
a
HIST. CENT. AM., VOL. II. 86
562 FURTHER PIRATICAL RAIDS.

cruised among the islands and in the bays on the coast

of Veragua, frequently landing on the main in order
to procure food, and so dire was their necessity that
on occasions they imperatively demanded provisions
58
as a ransom for their captives instead of money.

At the beginning
o o of 1687 freebooters were again
o
off the Costa Rica coast and infesting the gulf of
Nicoya, keeping the Spaniards in a state of constant
alarm, wringing from them ransom for captives, and
torturing prisoners to obtain information.
5
On the
26th of January they were rejoined by Captain Grog-
niet, whose movements had been principally confined
to the bay of Fonseca and the coast of Nicaragua, but
dissension occurring, eighty-five of his men separated
from him, and with the remaining sixty he turned
once more toward Panama^. 60
Again this brood of ocean -banditti directed their
course to the rich coast of South America, where
they and their fraternity had acquired so infamous a
reputation that the women they captured were in
dread of being eaten by them. 61 After amassing im
mense wealth they sailed northward and coasted along
the Central American and Mexican shores as far as
Acapulco, burning, destroying, and murdering as was
58
At San Lorenzo, near Pueblo Nuevo, *le Commandant du lieu vint nous
offrir une somme d argent pour la rancondes prisonniers; ce que nous refu-
sames, parce que nous avions beaucoup plus besoin de vivres: Nous luy dimes
que s il ne nous en apportoit, .qu il n avoit qu a envoyer sur 1 Isle y chercher
. .

leurs tetes. Id., 244-5.

59 On one occasion a mounted
Spaniard displayed his hatred for the pirates
by reviling them and making grimaces at them from a safe distance. The
intruders placed five men in ambush and continued their march. The unfor
tunate Spaniard fell into the hands of the concealed party. Lussan, with his
usual flippancy when treating of barbarities, thus describes what followed:
& luy fimes faire la grimace tout de bon. On 1 interrogea avec les ceremo
nies ordinaires, c est a dire en luy donnant la gene, pour S9avoir ou nous
e tions. Id., 264-5.
Grogniet died on the 2d of May following from the effect of a. wound
60

which he received at Guayaquil, where the pirates captured a large quantity

of booty in merchandise, pearls, precious stones, and silver-plate. Id., 302,
308.
61
The padres persuaded them that the freebooters were not even of human
form, and that they would eat them and their children. On one occasion a
Spanish lady fell into the hands of Lussan, and with tears in her eyes ex
claimed: Segnor, por 1 amor de Dios no mi como (sic). Id., 304-5.
 xn:v.\ .vr.\.

the-ir wont. I Jut in .|l f

In: -nd thir>f, the pi- had ;

. nd they now wished to r tii!-;

e their hanUhips would end. and tin

lander and enjoy their ill
gotten ri -h<

consulted as to the h. .,
p !;
to march overland
cide<l
through
ape rracias
\ ia to (S ( ;1 I )i<

unary 1G88, after they "had said their I

tli- on their perilous journey, two hund;

I

and eighty in number.

Their overland march through t

Central America wa- BOQQewha!

journeys of the ph across the Isthmus. liL
of the die and conquerors, were full of d.
and suH erin^s; hut the difficult i-

mtless villains in some rep<

on record.
Their route lay from the hay of Fonsc-
River, down which they propn^-d to d nd on i

Marching iirst to Nue\-,-i Segovia, th-y found t

inhabitants ready to oppose them. the \,

their mad was impeded hy iMled tn in tl.-

country the grass \\ I m- i i (

l

ion tli- i

compelled to hah until i

iire should spend itself. The cattle^ driv n

and pi-ovisions removed or destroyed, while ambu
aniards assailed them
r
rheiv was nothing for them, ho\\
alon--, which they continued tO do until t!
r

Nueva on the ii he town \\,

>via i l

that could maintain life had

i

1-
J-^\.

iTried with tlum plunder in ^..M. si .lnc<l at

I in little -; wxl
i

i h:t<l 1 K l!" 1

man, i

a weal
litinn 12 a c
Archtnho
,.
,
o
564 FURTHER PIRATICAL RAIDS.

fully removed. As they continued famished and foot

sore toward the river, now twenty leagues distant,
they were harassed by a force of three hundred Span
ish horse, constantly threatening their annihilation.
The road, which led over a steep mountain, was
found on the second day from Segovia to be in
trenched. Thus beset in front and rear, between two
bodies each largely outnumbering their own, what
were the pirates to do? Blood-besmeared and deter
mined, they were now to the effeminate Spaniards
what the early Spaniards had Leen to the Indians.
It was on a bright moonlit night that the filibusters
encamped before the intrench nient. Nevertheless two
hundred of them managed to steal into the forest
6
unperceived by their enemies. With incredible labor
they worked their way round rocks and through quag
mires, till, guided by the voices of the Spaniards at
morning prayer, by daylight they found themselves
in the road above, and in the rear of the intrenched
Spaniards. A
dense mist which had arisen just before
dawn concealed them from sight, but while it in some
measure aided them, it rendered their operations more
dangerous from the nature of the ground. It appeared
that there were three intrenchments, one behind the
other, and with the reversed position the defenders of
the rear one were not protected. Upon this exposed
detachment, numbering five hundred men, the free
booters fell so suddenly that the Spaniards fled

panic-stricken, and the successful assailants were in

possession of the barricade. It was equivalent to
victory. There was no hope for the Spaniards now.
Guided in their aim by the flashes of the enemy s fire,
the pirates, well protected, poured volley after volley
upon the Spaniards, who did not know where to shoot
or what to do. For an hour they held out; but when,

baggage and horses were left with a

63 The sick and wounded with the

guard in camp, with orders to fire their muskets frequently during the night
that the enemy might think them all there. Lussan says there were 80 thus
left in camp, but as there were only 280 in the first place, and some had died,
there must have been a mistake. Exquemelin, Hist. Flib., iii. 312-4.
 r

si ill <.-n\ d in tin- mi-t, the ;

m, nut
l)lo\v, they turned and fled. r
\Yhat i

l.iii riio Spaniard- l.-d i

their own defences, w< I till t

victors,
"

wear] of i unni; . ami kill

The cutthroai MOW i

hut natm 11
interj<<ed
h.-r ti
lulity. On tli-
following
<

ari ivrd at another in :it , lnt. t

iiad inspiivd was E that tlx-v I

j>a

and on tin 17tli

I, -ln-il
1
lanl.

longed-for river which -a.*

The rnnvnt was swift, and tr a--ii l

J-U.^IM- 1 <lown
rajiids <>r

])lnn--r(l
in cata
]-ock and in th--ir
t the iVc liled it with ,t, and wi
wil<l enthusiasm constructed t>rth mall
li
capahlo of cai i-x
ii)L,
r tNVt) ln

these they launched them

their death, ]>e-ides
].ad<l!

loii ^ poles to aid them in avoiding t!

a fearful ]>a-
; the lxlde>t :ul h:

grew giddy as he was swepl ;

banoverha
or whirled a!. out in th. tlood. \i
].5i-e
the rafts \v- K) "\cr\\

<>ns con KM-

.iiitlmrity, N\li-> Mas -.no of the as*i
i
aii l t

Vll 1 V
lic.l la.) ( rrande d I
<

.
!, J.ut wliicli appears to be th-
ntaius liin.
;
.
li Anvill.

1 1 A 1

aut, /o *
566 FURTHER PIRATICAL RAIDS.

up to the waist in water. Among those who had

escaped with their lives were many who had lost all
their gains acquired by years of hardship and of
crime. 67 Numerous portages and the building of new
rafts long delayed them, and it was not until the 20th
of February that they arrived at the broader and less
impetuous part of the river. In the mean time, in
spite of peril and suffering, the evil passions of human
nature were not dormant. As there were no Span
iards present to kill they killed each other as occasion
68
offered.
When the river became navigableo for boats the
freebooters built canoes, and on the 1st of March one
hundred and twenty of them, 69 in four boats, started
down the river, and arrived at the mouth the 9th of
March. On the 14th an English vessel arrived from
the isles of Pearls, 70 on board of which about fifty
of them, among whom was Lussan, embarked. This
band of the survivors eventually reached French set
tlements in the West Indies. Of the subsequent fate
of those left behind little is known; 71 but the grati
tude of the devout ruffians whom Lussan accompanied
for their deliverance is thus chronicled: "When we
were got all ash oar to a People that spoke French,
we could not forbear shedding Tears of Joy, that after
67
Lussan saj^s there were at least a hundred waterfalls, the larger ones with
tremendous whirlpools. These cataracts could be passed only by portage.
In short, the whole is so formidable, that there are none but those who have
some Experience, can have right conceptions of it. But for me. .who, as .

long as I live, shall have my Mind filled with those Risques I have run, it s
impossible I should give such an Idea hereof but what will come far short of
what I have really known of them. Bucaniers of America, i. 171.
68
Six Frenchmen concealed themselves behind the rocks and fell upon five
Englishmen who were known to be well supplied with booty and massacred
them. Nous trouvames mon compagnon & moy, leurs corps e"tendus sur le
rivage. Lussan, Journal du Voy., 430-1. The murderers escaped and their
companions never saw them again.
09
Lussan states that they left 140 behind finishing their canoes.
70
Twelve leagues distant, to the east of Cape Gracias a Dios.
71
The English buccaneers remained for a time with the Mosquito Indians
near Cape Gracias d Dios. The greater part of the Frenchmen reached the
settlements, but 75 of them who went to Jamaica were imprisoned by the
duke of Albemarle, the governor. On his death the following year they were
released; but neither their arms nor plunder were returned to them. Barney s
Discov. South Sea, iv. 293-4.
 BUCCAS HBLIOGBAFE

li.-id i-un BO iiKinv I [azard

it had pleased til.
Almiglitj Me ml
S. as, ml
t
grant a I )
liveran<
l.riu^ IH !

til- ; our <\vn Nai i.n.

an, in -
/J //,/,-., iii. 180; anl ./ I
oy., 4*VJ.

A peculiar feature in the history, particularly of Spanish Amerie

the lui Woii.i whoe ad-
i>y
;kings,
urcs were the absorbii. .0 of the ol<l
Norbemcn, a.s
preserved in the
sagas,and a count* rpart of their sin cessors, the corsa
equal sway in sunnier eli preftdifl or over on tin; L .

4 tribute to support a reg;. \vn. i

vim un.i.-r of conquerors v

ti.

c of extending tlif .n of their diviir .J ina.st-rs >.

.y the from which : the freelw>otT.s, to w)n>in t

a and Latin races gave a desired opportunity to

eitit-s and eon. t to the <

are to
i -editions of these wild fellows, culled from all nationalities,
and their narratives inelu only daring raids, bloody and 1

:;d land, l>ut CO^ \

topics of
B. Imleed, their trans : is against so< hile eovcred in most
cases liy ti. I i-i<>ti-i,
-jtly
-
for the I -ei. and science, ex ten -
do knowi of natural history, ethnology, and other
branches.
ount of tip rs appears to t /ee Hoover,
rdam. ]( >( >

.}; hut tl.

rks on them is t! cor

rupted l.y -h into

r n.-h \\ ll India < lie luul in -iUJgone OUt to
I

the .

:d, but trade failing h my sold its effects and

:ts. K Mjuenielin f -11 into the hamis of tlie lieutenant-

<r,
under hoin JicsuH i.-hip till a new and kinder master
him at Binding nothing
liberty. tililus--

led with them

till U iT J, sharing -.il)lee\

d home to Holland, and employed I are in writing a

:tions in the Antill- .
adjoining n gions.
o\\i, 1 as De Atntricaent"

iael van alle de Rovcryt m JJumetuelycU Vrettht

he en "
Roovers ^/xai^aenlcn in America
/,/
Hebbc*; Horn, UiTS, sm. 4 , 18<-

i;ave lx?en so <

wholly or in part, or as a :

es and s; hut tlie ones used hare generally of l>een merous

mish, published with nion- or leas raria-

:iwith ditto! iriginn.

-
Mull U a 1 tter
568 FURTHER PIRATICAL RAIDS.

specimen, on coarse paper, illustrated with curious maps and plates, depict
ing battle scenes, burning towns, and portraits of leading captains, as Morgan
and L Olonnois. The title-page is bordered by eight scenes of freebooters war
fare and cruelty. Beginning with his voyage to the West Indies, Exquemelin
proceeds to depict the geography and political and social condition of the
islands, including the rovers retreat, and then relates their doings in general.
In a second and third part he gives special sketches of the different leaders
and their expeditions; and in an appendix are found some valuable statistics
for the Spanish possessions on wealth, revenue, and officials. The informa
tion is not only varied, but has been found most reliable. The English edition
was first published in London by Th. Newborough in 1699, under the title of
The History of the Bucaneers of America. The second and third editions of
this translation appeared in 1704.
Several of the buccaneers have become known to readers in special treatises

by their own hand, by biographers, as Raveneau de Lussan, Journal d\m

or
Voyage, Paris, 1689; Dampier s New Voyage, London, 1697, and others, which
have also proved rich sources for compilers. To the edition of Exquemelin,
issued in 1700, Ten Hoorn added two parts, one being an account of English
buccaneer voyages under Sharp, Sawkins, and others, written by Basil Ring-
rose, who had also been a member of the fraternity, and had kept a journal
from which the first edition was prepared and issued in 1684. The second
part gives Lussan s Journal, followed by the Relation de Montauban, captain
of freebooters, on the coast of Guinea in 1695.
Ringrose s account furnishes some particulars not found in other buccaneer
narrators of the same expeditions. Though he disapproved of Sharp as a
leader, his statements may be considered truthful as well as fuller than those
of the other writers, all of whom corroborate Ringrose in the main points.
His narrative also published in the above
is mentioned work, The History of
the Buccaneers of America, under the title of The Dangerous Voyage and Bold
Attempts of Capt. Bartolomew Sharp and others in the South Sea. It con
tains numerous rude cuts of islands, points, capes, etc., on the western coast
of America. Ringrose was killed with all his company near a small town 21
leagues from Compostela, in Jalisco, owing to the insubordination of his men.
Dampier, Voy., i. 271-2, says: We
had about 50 Men killed, and among the
rest my Ingenious Friend Mr Ringrose was one. .He was at this time Cape-
.

Mercharut, or Super-Cargo of Capt. Swan s Ship. He had no mind to this

Voyage, but was necessitated to engage in it or starve. The most important
other authorities for the history of this enterprise are Capt. Sharp s Journal
of his Expedition, Written by Himself, published by William Hacke in A Col
lection of Original Voyages (London, 1699). Sharp omits all mention of the
defection of the men whom Dampier accompanied across the Isthmus.
The Voyages and Adventures of Capt. Earth. Sharp. London, 1684. The
author anonymous, and was a strong partisan of Sharp, omitting much told
is

against in other accounts and frequently bestowing upon him fulsome

him
praise. Many pages of the narrative are taken up by mere log-book entries
of the ship s sailing and contain no other information. Dampier, A Neiu
Voyage round the World. London, 1697-1709, 3 -vols. This writer touches in
his introduction very briefly upon Sharp s expedition because the World has
 BUG -

and minir<

99,
also only <

hat time. \\ .vho accompanied D;

had been compelled to stay behin iceount of a severe
by ;ui of pui]>ov. <

Indians on the Isthmus. I

ie phy-i -al if ;i tares of the r:i ,in<l

ceupa-
c>

ti ami customs of the inhabitants. It

illu i of these latter, as wellaa a map of t :s of coast
lines.
A "

-on of ( .11 Win. Ha.!

(J99,
]_ , \\ itli some rinlf futs and map, contains among other uv
uml the tuu.-hiiig O-iitral <;iol)c, .

As a sequel to these puhlieatii iis may l>e name.l ./

the L lil v
of (he most Notorious
, 1

vhich was alle.l as a fourth volume to

1711 and later rdi;i"iis. Similar ci>inl>: or le.vs

t in (lillerent laniruair- a the i

. to the Ili.-iorii

The first thorough book on the subjret, 1 one

>vhieh enters into the causes of the filibuster mov.
ill its <sion in the Iv^inning of t

miral l .m-ne\ !
:al issue

of his L /<

>ry of Disc