Questions

Q1.

A 60 kg student weighs 600 N.

He does a bungee jump.

The bungee cord becomes straight and starts to stretch when he has fallen 50 m.
Complete the sentence by putting a cross ( ) in the box next to your answer.
He first stops moving
(1)
A before all the energy has disappeared
B before the bungee cord starts to stretch
C when the bungee cord is stretched the most
D when the elastic potential energy is zero

Q2.

A 60 kg student weighs 600 N.

He does a bungee jump.

The bungee cord becomes straight and starts to stretch when he has fallen 50 m.
Complete the sentence by putting a cross ( ) in the box next to your answer.
When his speed is 10 m/s his momentum is
(1)
A 600 kg m/s
B 3 000 kg m/s
C 6 000 N m/s
D 30 000 N m/s

Q3.

A car is travelling along a straight road.

Air bags help to reduce injuries in a collision.
Complete the sentence by putting a cross ( ) in a box next to your answer.
(1)
Air bags reduce injuries to drivers in a collision by
A decreasing the kinetic energy of the car
B increasing the time a resultant force acts on the driver
C decreasing the driver's thinking time
D increasing the rate of change of momentum of the driver

(Total for question = 1 mark)

Q4.
Some students carry out investigations with an electric motor.
Complete the sentence by putting a cross ( ) in the box next to your answer.
The students read the statement: ‘All the energy supplied to the motor eventually ends up as
thermal energy in the surroundings.’
This statement best describes the idea of
(1)
A renewable energy
B energy efficiency
C sustainable energy sources
D conservation of energy

Q5.
Which of these is the correct definition for the half-life of a radioactive isotope?
Put a cross ( ) in the box next to your answer.
(1)
A it is the time it takes for half of an atom to decay
B it is the number of atoms left when half have decayed
C it is the time taken for half the undecayed nuclei to decay
D it is half of the time it takes for all the undecayed nuclei to decay

Q6.

A relief organisation drops food parcels by parachute from a helicopter.

Each food parcel has a weight of 80 N.
The gravitational field strength is 10 N/kg.
Complete the sentence by putting a cross ( ) in the box next to your answer.
(1)
The mass of one food parcel is
A 0.8 kg
B 8.0 kg
C 80 kg
D 800 kg

(Total for question = 1 mark)

Q7.

A relief organisation drops food parcels by parachute from a helicopter.

The diagram shows the forces acting on the food parcel soon after the parachute has
opened.

Complete the sentence by putting a cross ( ) in the box next to your answer.
(1)
The resultant force on the food parcel is
A 25 N downwards
B 25 N upwards
C 185 N downwards
D 185 N upwards

(Total for question = 1 mark)

Q8.
A scientist compares the sizes of some objects in space.
Which of these is the smallest?
Put a cross ( ) in the box next to your answer.
(1)
A Jupiter
B the Milky Way galaxy
C the Moon
D the Sun
Q9.
A student makes a solar water heater using a hosepipe.
He paints the hosepipe black and fills it with water.
He coils the hosepipe and fixes it into an open metal box as shown.

The student puts a thermometer in each end of the hosepipe.

The Sun shines on the hosepipe and heats the water.
Complete the sentence by putting a cross ( ) in the box next to your answer.
The hosepipe is painted black because blackened surfaces are
(1)
A good emitters of radiation
B poor emitters of radiation
C good absorbers of radiation
D poor absorbers of radiation
Q10.
Most of the energy we receive on Earth comes from the Sun.
The bar chart shows the percentages of solar radiation reflected by some materials.

Complete the sentence by putting a cross ( ) in the box next to your answer.
A student used the bar chart to estimate the percentage of solar radiation reflected by a
rough piece of coal.
The percentage is most likely to be about
(1)
A 10%
B 40%
C 60%
D 80%

Q11.

Put a cross ( ) in the box next to your answer.

Which of these is the biggest?
(1)
A the Solar System
B a galaxy
C a nebula
D the Universe
Q12.

The graph shows how the velocity of a small car changes with time.

Complete the sentence by putting a cross ( ) in the box next to your answer.
The resultant force on the car will be zero when the car is
(1)
A accelerating
B decelerating
C changing velocity
D moving at a constant velocity

Q13.
The photograph shows an Apollo 12 astronaut walking on the Moon.

Complete the sentence by putting a cross ( ) in the box next to your answer.
Manned space crafts have landed on the Moon but have not yet landed on Mars.
One of the reasons is because
(1)
A the Moon is closer to Earth than Mars
B the Moon is closer to the Sun than Mars
C Mars is closer to the Earth than the Moon
D Mars is closer to the Sun than the Moon
Q14.

A 60 kg student weighs 600 N.

He does a bungee jump.

The bungee cord becomes straight and starts to stretch when he has fallen 50 m.
(a) (i) Calculate the change in gravitational potential energy as the student falls 50 m.
Give the unit.
(3)

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.
(ii) State at what point in the bungee jump the student has maximum kinetic energy.
(1)
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.
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(iii) Explain why his maximum kinetic energy is likely to be less than your answer to (c)(i).
(2)
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(Total for Question = 6 marks)
Q15.
A box with a mass of 0.8 kg is lifted from the floor and placed on a shelf.
The shelf is 1.8 m above the floor.

(i) The box has gained gravitational potential energy.

Calculate the gain in gravitational potential energy.
Gravitational field strength = 10 N/kg
(2)

gain in gravitational potential energy = ......................................... J

(ii) The box falls off the shelf.
State the kinetic energy of the box just before it hits the floor.
(1)
....................................................................... J
(iii) Calculate the velocity of the box just before it hits the floor.
(3)

velocity = ........................................ m/s

Q16.

A relief organisation drops food parcels by parachute from a helicopter.

The graph shows the results of tests on the parachute. It shows how the air resistance acting
on the parachute varies with the velocity of the parachute.
(i) Describe the relationship shown by the graph.
(2)
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* (ii) The food parcel, weighing 80 N, falls the last 20 m to the ground at a constant velocity
of 9.6 m/s.
Explain how the forces acting on the food parcel change the velocity of the parcel as it
falls from the helicopter to the ground.
You may draw a diagram or graph to help with your explanation.
(6)

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(Total for question = 8 marks)

Q17.

The photograph shows a glass plate made from uranium glass.

Uranium oxide is used to give the glass a green colour.

(a) Uranium-238 is the most common isotope of uranium and can be represented using this
symbol.

(i) State what information the numbers 92 and 238 give about the nucleus of this isotope
of uranium.
(2)
92 .............................................................................................................................................
238 ...........................................................................................................................................
(ii) Uranium-238 decays by alpha emission.
Describe how the nucleus of a uranium-238 atom changes as a result of alpha
emission.
(2)
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(b) The table gives some information about the uranium glass plate.

(i) Calculate the number of uranium-238 atoms in the plate.

(2)

number of atoms = ...........................................................

(ii) Uranium-238 is an alpha emitter and has a half-life of 4.5 billion years.
Explain why it is safe to eat food from the uranium glass plate.
(3)
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(Total for question = 9 marks)

Q18.

The diagram shows part of an electric motor connected to a battery.

The coil is shown as ABCD.
The direction of the current, I, is from A to B.

(a) Draw an arrow showing the direction of the force on side CD of the coil.
(1)
(b) Give one change that can be made to the equipment that will make the motor spin in the
opposite direction.
(1)
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(c) Give two changes that can be made to the equipment that will make the motor spin
slower.
(2)
1 ..........................................................................................................................................
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2 ..........................................................................................................................................
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(Total for question = 4 marks)

Q19.

Wind is a renewable resource used to generate electricity.

(a) (i) State one advantage and one disadvantage of producing electricity using wind
turbines.
(2)
Advantage ...........................................................................................................................
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Disadvantage ........................................................................................................................
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(ii) The graph shows how the power output of a wind turbine varies with wind speed.

Describe how the power output of a wind turbine varies with wind speed.
You should use data points from the graph in your answer.
(3)
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(b) A wind turbine produces an alternating voltage of 600 V.
The voltage needs to be increased to 132 kV before transmission to a nearby town.
The size of the voltage is changed using a transformer.
Describe the structure and operation of a suitable transformer.
You may use a diagram in your answer.
(5)
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(Total for question = 10 marks)