CHAPTER I PERSONALITY DIFFERENCES 

Your image is a reproduction or a We are all different because of three

mental picture of you as seen by others. factors: 
Thus, other people’s reactions to you can
tell you whether your image is working for 1. Heredity - we are born with a set of
you or against you. The way you are treated genes and chromosomes which we inherit
in this world depends largely on the way you from our forefathers and our parents. 
present yourself; the way you look, the way 2. Environment – this consists of your
you speak and the way you behave.  family, school, church, social groups, and
other groups with whom we interact from
PERSONALITY – the sum total of the the very beginning. 
qualities and characteristics of a person as 3. Experiences – these consists of
shown in her manner of walking, talking, everything we do or get in touch with,
dressing, and her attitudes, interests, and everywhere we got in short, everything that
ways of reacting to other people.  we are exposed to in our lifetime, whether
physical, emotional, or social experiences. 
COMPONENTS OF PERSONALITY
1. Physical  TECHNIQUES IN IMPROVING
2. Intellectual PERSONALITY 
3. Social 
4. Emotional  1. Realize that improvement is needed. 
5. Value System  2. Have a strong motive or desire to
improve. 
HOW PERSONALITY IS REVEALED 3. Take an inventory or make a checklist of
the strong and weak points or what is to be
Sometimes, crisis situation reveals improved, and 
the real personality. We have heard such 4. Have a step by step plan for
remarks as “I never thought that she was so improvement. 
selfish and so self-centered” or “It was only
after we got married that I realized how kind FACING YOUR WORLD 
and thoughtful he is” or “After years of
courtship did I realize what a wonderful With mirror in hand, examine your
person he is”.  reflection thoughtfully, as if you were looking
at another person for the first time. Consider
WHY IS THE STUDY OF PERSONALITY
the face first its general structure and
IMPORTANT?
features and then it expression and try to
The study of the human personality imagine how you would react should you,
could very well be one of the most astonishingly, meet up with your double. 
significant studies for you not only now but
in the future as well. For it is through CREATING YOUR VISUAL STATEMENT 
understanding of your own personality and
the personalities of your fellowmen that  Through an extensive study of line,
shape, and color, you create your very own
Visual Statement. Every moment of our
will spell the difference between success lives, we communicate with other people.
and failure in your dealings with them. An Even before a word is spoken, most
understanding of your personality and perceptions and judgments are made. Are
others’ can make the difference between you warm and friendly or cold and aloof, a
satisfactory and unsatisfactory adjustment.  success or a failure? These are only some
of the traits which can be and often are
transmitted visually.  Outer Beauty – is highlighted not only by
personal attractiveness but by outer
PURPOSE OF VISUAL STATEMENT  behavior, poise, and education. Your
speech, diction, grammar, and sensitivity in
communication reflect your true nature. It is
 To visually create a message which your total image 
communicates what you want others that determines just how beautiful or
to know about you through your handsome you really are. 
appearance. 
 To convey outwardly your level of Inner Beauty - refers to the personality of a
inner confidence.  person, including their mind and characters.

TAKING CENTER STAGE  Liking Yourself – an essential to beauty is

Your body is a wondrous creation,
but it can be weakened by neglect or abuse.
On the other hand, the flow of good health,
good grooming and flattering use of
cosmetics and clothing can insure that you
fulfill your potential and make a positive
impression on everyone you meet. 
DEFINING BEAUTY IN MEN AND
WOMEN  answer will reveal the small or large
Beauty – it is an innate quality, a way of
being, a manner of acting and a way of
looking. 
to like yourself, even to love yourself.
Respect and love for your unique self and
an understanding of your nature go hand in
hand with respect, love, and understanding
of others. Only when you begin to like
yourself will you become a vital, interested
and interesting person.   
The object is to develop a friendly
relationship with yourself. If you would not
want yourself as a friend, ask why. Your
changes you need to make to become a
person you can sincerely admire. 
 CHAPTER II
THE BASIC WARDROBE
FASHION FINESSE 
 Clothing is for protection, comfort, modesty and enhancement of beauty. 
 Appropriateness above all is the best rule. Dress within the bounds of classic good taste. 
 Appropriateness is determined by a number of factors and can change dramatically from
situation to situation. 
 Fashion is serious. What you wear reveals a significant message about you and your world. 
TAKING STOCK 
 Economic Level 
 Educational Level 
 Social Position 
 Level of Sophistication 
 Family Background 
 Successfulness 
 Moral Character 

ASSEMBLING A BASIC WARDROBE 

 Clean up Your Closet 
 Hang together everything that goes together 
 Coordinate in one group 
 Keep evening wear separate 
 Know your Figure 
 Shop wisely and well. 

DRESSING FOR THE OCCASION 

 Dress properly to befit the occasion 
 Interpret the season’s fashion based upon the timeless qualities of past traditions. 
 Incorporate flair and style
 Keep a keen sense of appropriateness not only to the occasion but also to your figure, lifestyle
and age. 

SHOPPING RULES 
 Go shopping alone or a friend whose taste you trust. 
 Consider versatility 
 Do not overlook underclothing. 
SHOPPING STRATEGIES 
 Pre-shopping or window shopping is recommended before the actual buying. 
 Determine what you need and make sure you try on clothes before buying them. 
 Avoid high-fashion fads, concentrate on conservative stylish clothes. 
 Avoid shopping out of loneliness 
 Don’t shop for bargains. Don’t judge merchandise by its price tags. 

LINE IN CLOTHES

 Vertical Line – It’s creates an illusion of height and makes the person look taller. 
 Horizontal Line – it cuts the height and add width. Contrasting two colors in two-piece
outfits create horizontal line and minimizes height. 
COLOR: THE LINK IN THE TOTAL LOOK 
The first principle in decorating yourself is understanding not only what colors are right for you,
but which shades and clarities of those colors you should wear. 
Some attributes of colors are lightness, brightness, shades and clarity. Light colors transmit
more light. Brightness is that attribute by which an area to judge to emit more or less light.
Brightness varies from invisible to dazzling. 
YOU COLOR SPECTRUM 
The primary colors are red, blue and yellow. Secondary and tertiary colors are combinations of
these. Red and blue make violet, red and yellow make orange and blue and yellow make green. 
Combinations of colors are: 
1. Monochromatic – this color combination results in the use of the same color, but different
shades. An example of this is brown, light brown and beige. 
2. Complementary – this results in the use of two colors, opposite each other in the color
wheel. Examples are red and green, blue and yellow. 
3. Analogous – this combination uses two colors beside each other in the color wheel.
Examples are blue and green, yellow and orange, red and purple. 
4. Triadic – this combination is made up of three colors that form an equi-distant triangle on
the color wheel. These are purple, green and yellow; red, blue and green. 

THE MEANING OF COLOR 

Red – is the color of fire and blood, so it is associated with energy, war, danger, strength,
power, determination as well as passion, desire and love. Red is very emotionally intense color. 
Pink – signifies romance, love and friendship. It denotes feminine qualities and passiveness. 
Brown – suggests stability and denotes masculine qualities. 
Orange – combines the energy of red and the happiness of yellow. It is associated with joy,
sunshine, and the tropics. Orange represents enthusiasm, fascination, happiness, creativity,
determination, attraction, success,  and encouragement. 
Green – is the color of nature. It symbolizes growth, harmony, freshness, and fertility. Green
has strong emotional correspondence with safety. 
Blue – is the color of the sky and sea. It is associated with depth and stability. It symbolized
trust, loyalty, wisdom, confidence, intelligence, faith, truth and heaven. 
Purple – combines the stability of blue and the energy of red. Purple is associated with royalty. 
 CHAPTER III
MEN’S FASHION
This chapter will help you transform yourself from a college student to a professional. It will
show you the right mix for various occasions. Although style is something personal and no one should
tell you how to dress, there are certain rules of conventions that must be followed in order to mix in
society. 
 SUIT 
1. Fabric – the first impression is the suit’s quality. High quality fabrics feel smooth, look right, well-
defined ad natural. 
2. Lining made of rayon is necessary on the chest, back ad sleeves. 
3. Pockets should be smooth. 
4. Pants should have buttons to allow wearing of suspenders
5. Buttons should be made from leather, mother of pearl, brass or ceramic. 
When you go shopping for a suit you, you should wear the shirt, undershirt, underwear, cufflinks, tie,
shoes, belt, and wallet. 
Check the following: 
1. Coat length - the button of the coat should be long enough to cover the seat your pants. The top
button should sit just below your waist. 
2. Sleeves – the shirt’s sleeve cuffs ending at your wrist bone but extend from your jacket sleeve by
about ½ inch. This is important if you are wearing cuff links. 
3. Collar – the back of the coat collar should rest about ½ inch below the back of the shirt collar.
4. Lapels – should not extend no more than halfway to the shoulder.
5. Shoulders – padding on the shoulders go in and out of style so just stay where it is comfortable for
your size and shape.
6. Armholes – be sure they are cut high enough. 

THE NECKTIE 
The necktie is like the first violin in an orchestra; it occupies center stage and when a
mistake is made, it is noticed. So select your tie with care. 

PATTERNS OF TIES 

1. Club – a tie repeating patterns of clubs is served to identify membership in certain clubs 
2. Paisley – a tie with curved teardrops. In 1930, paisley pattern was first used to decorate ties.
Large paisley patterns are used for casual wear. 
3. Plaid – of at least 3 colors, plaids is composed of lines or bars crossing at right angles. This
is also for casual wear. 
4. Dots – small dots known as pin dots are considered among the more casual patterns. 
5. The tie for formal wear has no patterns. It is plain of a color that match your outfit. 
 How to tie a knot 

BELTS OR SUSPENDERS 
A Belt is appropriate as suspenders for wearing with a suit or sport jacket, although suspenders
remain the only choice for black tie or white tie. Aside from the advice that you should not wear belts
and suspenders together, there are only two additional aesthetic points to keep in mind;
First, don’t wear belt if you wear a vest: a belt creates a bulge, and a buckle ruins the look of simplicity
of a vest and trousers. Second, you should wear a tie if you wear suspenders because a four in hand
provides aesthetic balance by adding to the vertical suspender lines and helps creates the dressier look
that suspenders have come to convey. 

SHOE BASICS 
1. There are two basic shoe styles that are appropriate for work;
2. The Laces – these are for more formal wear. 
3. The more common ones for work are the loafers (moccasins) of the ones that look like driving
shoes but are of leather or leatherette. 
4. Sandals or flip-flops are not worn at work. 
5. Slippers are definitely out.  
 CHAPTER IV
FACE AND HAIR - HANDS AND FEET-
This chapter will help you identify different face shapes, especially yours and be able to
apply the correct make up on your face that will match with your hairstyle together with proper
hand and hair care to avoid face problems.

FACE SHAPES 
1. Oval - Stylist generally agree that you can wear any hairstyle than any other face shapes.
2. Round - if your face looks circular and you have full cheeks.
3. Square - if it is broadest at the forehead and jawline. 
4. Oblong - an oblong face is about one and a half times longer than it is wide.
5. Diamond - is fullest at the center.
6. Heart - widest at the forehead and cheeks and narrow at the chin.

FACIAL FEATURE AND HAIR STYLES

1. High forehead - bangs are ideal.
2. Low forehead - soft bangs will make your forehead look longer. You can wear your hair any
length, but avoid parting in the middle.
3. Large ears - you can wear your hair short provided the tips of your ears are concealed.
4. Short neck - a layered style will make your neck look longer. 
5. Long neck- width and fullness at the sides will make your neck look shorter. 
6. Receding chin - short full bangs add height at the crown and will draw attention from your
chin.
7. Prominent jaw - a below-chin-length cut angled. Avoid full bangs.

CARE OF THE SKIN 

Looking beautiful is directly related to having and maintaining a clear, healthy skin. The
first step to lessen unattractive facial expressions to some degree, avoid pouting, frowning, and
making faces.
Four basic types of skin:

1. Normal skin- which has neither too much oil or too little. It is firm and fairly elastic.
2. Dry skin - tends to appear flat and flaky. It feels stretched and somewhat dry to the touch.
3. Oily skin - is easy recognizable. Tiny beads of moisture cling to the surface giving the skin a
greasy look. 
4. Combination skin - a little bit harder to identify. This is the skin that is oily across the
forehead and down the nose to the chin.

There are nine commandments for a healthy skin:

1. Cleanse day and night with proper cleanser.
2. Tine the skin with proper toner.
3. Protect the skin with a moisture cream.
4. Give the face a facial once or twice a week.
5. Keep hands away from the face.
6. Avoid excessive and habitual facial movements. 
7. Maintain a balanced diet.
8. Sleep at least seven hours at night.
9. Never sunbathe or remain in the sun without first using a sun block. 

BLEMISH PROBLEMS - ACNE OR PIMPLES 

To avoid acne,
1. Wash the skin three or four times a day.
2. Shampoo the hair every day. If possible, wear the hair away from the face.
3. Eat a well-balance diet.
4. Get out into the sun but don't burn.
5. Do not wear greasy, heavy make-up to conceal the condition. 
6. Do not lean your face on your hands.

MAKE UP TIPS

1. The cleansing- A thorough cleansing with a facial cleansing bar, lotion, and or cream.
2. The rinsing - Moisturizer or day cream, as needed and only where needed, applied to warm,
moist skin.
3. The preparation - A touch of under-eye Concealer one shade paler than foundation or same
shade of foundation. 
4. The powder - A thorough dusting with loose translucent powder in a color to complement
foundation and skin tone and to refine the skin and set the foundation.
5. The brow shape
6. The eye accent- Only matte eye colors are suitable for day. Frosted colors must be saved for
evenings.
7. The cheek accent-Placement of the magic powders for blush, contour, and highlights can
visually alter the shape of the face.
8. The lip accent- The more naturally liplike the color and pencil accent line, the more
believable the mouth. The more vivid the color, the more made-up lips appear.
9. The finished face- finally frame the finish face with the perfect hairstyle.

MAKE YOUR OWN COMPLETE STEP-BY-STEP MAKE-OVER

1. Hide circles under the eyes- the concealer is applied after the foundation. 
2. Apply the foundation -it provides the backdrop for all your colorful artistry. The sole purpose
is to give the face one even color tone.
There are several types of foundations: liquid, matte, whipped, cream cake, cream-stick,
cake and medicated. The selection of the right type depends on the skin type and the coverage
necessary.
3. Apply powder correctly- the application of the powder sets the foundation. 
There are three types of powder: the translucent, pressed translucent, and irridescent.
4. Perfect your brow- brows are important features of your face. They convey moods and
expressions but most important, they frame the eyes.
5. Do a successful eye make-up- the eyes are the local point of the face. They are the
"windows of the soul."
 Professional eye make-up- made up of three or four color.
 The lid color-is applied from corner to corner.
 The contour color-applied in natural looking, shadow imitating and soft line.
 The highlighting color-applied to the area directly beneath the brow down to the contour
color.
 The super-highlight-apply only when added emphasis is needed.
Shape of eyes
 Small eyes
 Closely set eyes
 Widely set eyes

EYESHADOWS- There is several types – the powders, creams, cream ticks, gels, pencils, and
liquids. It is impossible to say that one is better than the other.
THE EYELINER- The purpose of the eyeliner is to define the eye and give it greater clarity and
structure. 
THE LASHES- by making the lashes look darker, longer, and thicker mascara defines the eye.

6. Effectively shape up your face- The face contours are usually a brownish red powder or
cream; a shade of foundation one tone darker than that applied to the face. The face
highlighters should be broken down into two categories, cheek highlighters- to emphasize the
cheekbones. And skin highlighters- to accentuate and better define the face.

THE NOSE- the most popular corrective make-up tips is those which alter the nose.
THE LIPS- the lip color should be selected to heighten one's attractiveness. The second
consideration is the dress. The basic guide is that a fair-skinned person looks best in light tones.
A TASTEFUL PORTRAIT 
  Take final peek as you ponder your finished portrait, remembering that make up is not a
facade behind which to hide. It is not worn as a mask, nor is it to be used to make a
social statement. Makeup is solely to protect your facial skin and enhance your features. 
 To be good taste, makeup must be just as appropriate to the time, place and event as
clothing must be.
 Let your makeup play up your well-care-for skin, accentuate the positive, and minimize
the negative among your features.
 Always remember that makeup is at its most beautiful when worn with a sincere smile
and a sparkle in your eyes.

CROWNING GLORY
 Much as a frame for a handsome portrait gives the work background and form, lovely
hair provides shape and identity to your features, skin and facial expressions. It is also
contributes to self-confidence 
 Serious care is for every day, and there are some "don'ts" to remember. The
appearance of your hair is dependent on its natural characteristics, affected by:

 Cleanliness 
 Cut
 Style
 Condition
 The elements

HAIR 
 Every healthy effort you make on behalf of your face and figure will also benefit your
hair.
 As is the case with skin, the sun is one of your hair's worst enemies. 
 Salt water and chlorinated water are extremely drying and breakdown the outer layer,
leaving the hair damaged and brittle.
 Manageability should be a major consideration. 
 The perfect hairstyle should suit and flatter your face and it should be created by you
and a hair stylist you trust. 
 Altering the natural color of your hair is a mistake.
 Once your hair is comfortable styled and in good condition, you should forget about it.

HEALTH AND CLEANLINESS

 Cleanliness is often taken for granted. Take a bath every day. Twice during hot days
especially those "critical days, once a month" take a warm bath to prevent body odor. Be
sure to clean the neck, ears and other hard-to-reach areas.
 Choose the soap that suits the skin.
 Everyone should use a deodorant to prevent underarm perspiration and body odor.

CARE OF THE TEETH 

Brush the teeth if possible, after every meal. Brush using up and down motion. Use
mouthwashes freely.

CARE OF THE HANDS AND FEET YOUR HANDS - Hands are among the most expressive
parts of the body.
  Manicure and nail polish- should be callus-free
 Keep the hands smooth and the
nails well-manicured. When the
hands feel fry after washing the
dishes for doing household chores,
use a hand lotion.

YOUR FEET - are the least cared-for part of

the body 
 Always keep the feet dry
 Never wear the same pair of shoes
two days in succession
 Doctors state that they find 50% of
their patients suffering from fatigue
which produces a variety of
symptoms.
 Each person is different and no two
feet are the same.

THE BEAUTY BATH 

The stage for many facets of your
personal care is the bath, and throughout
the ages "the bath" has meant more than
simply washing up. It can be a glamorous
ritual and the properties of water are not
only cleansing but relaxing and restorative
to the body and mind as well.

DIFFERENT TYPES OF MAKE UP

1. Classic - color tinted moisturizer in tan

(also used for the natural look)
2. Natural
3. Contemporary 
 CHAPTER V
SOCIAL GRACE
SOCIAL GRACES  person's face.
More popularly known as good manners
and etiquette. "Manners" says Webster,
"social conduct or rules of conduct"
Consideration for others is the basis of good
manners. Knowledge of good manners give
people increased self-confidence. Etiquette
consists of an "act of rules of living in our
society."
STARTING TO BE "FINISHED"
You must prepare yourself to take
advantage of the wonderful opportunities
available, opportunities far beyond the life of
domesticity and limited social activity You
can acquire an education, a knowledge of
the arts and can travel and experience
social interchange, so that you are an
interesting conversationalist and an eager
listener. One step in acquiring that essential
rapport is a genuine concern for others.
Etiquette is no longer reserved for the
privileged, but it is standard for society as a
whole.
ETIQUETTE
Etiquette - is merely a name for a pattern of
behavior that is based on consideration for
others, appropriateness, and good taste,
and which, once learned, helps you to do
the right thing in almost any circumstance.
Technically, the word etiquette comes from
Old French and means "ticket" or "label”
Consider your knowledge of etiquette as
your "ticket" of admission into the
conventions of a polite and caring society.
HOW OFTEN DO YOU SMILE
    For a hospitality professional, smiling is
as natural as a fish swimming in the water.
Smiling is an instant energizer. It makes you
look approachable, friendly, relaxed, open
and comfortable.
EYECONTACT
If you want to look and sound sincere,
maintain eye contact with the person you
are speaking to.
The most valuable message of eye contact
is recognition. A polite listener will focus on
the chin, mouth, or one side of the other
SUGGESTED WORDS TO USE OFTEN
1. Good morning, good afternoon, good
evening. Add person's name.
2. Please -- yes, please... This sounds
better than "wait for a minute"
3. Thank you... This is better than "thanks".
4. it’s my pleasure "You are very welcome"
5."I am sorry" To be effective, it must be
sincere, personal and timely.
6."I'll be happy to" This could be an
effective response to a customer's request.
7. Remember person's names -- A person's
name is to him/her, the sweetest and most
important sound in any language.
  Some rules are:
  a. pay attention
  b. repeat the name immediately
   c. make a mental association
8. "Please, be my guest" you can say this
when someone is borrowing something that
is yours.
Words to Avoid               
1. I don't know               
2. I can't do that         
3. You will have to          
4. No Problem         
Use Instead
1.Let me check
2. Let’s see what i can do    
3. We can help you
4. Yes, or maybe, no
SOCIAL GRACES IN THE FAMILY
 Many times the home is the place
we "let go" so to speak. We are
careless with the way we act or with
what we say, mainly because we are
confident that we will be forgiven
anyway.
 It is of paramount importance that
we should respect the privacy of
each member of the family. From
this will emanate an atmosphere of
mutual respect, trust and love.
Family Manners
 Where there is life, there should be
love. Especially family love. Love
makes a house a home.
 A family and its manners are shaped
by the quality of the spirit they share.
 Second in importance to love in a
family is communication.   
 Honesty is always the best policy
and the best manners especially at
home.
 Actually, there is no such thing as "a
little white lie". Little white lies grow
into big black habits.
Honor your Parents
        Fathers and mothers deserve respect.
They don't need to qualify for it. They
learned it when they gave us life. How do
we honor our parents? We...
 Ask for their advice
 Look at the things from their
perspective
 Try to please them
 Show respect 
 Thanks them
 Compliment them
 Obey them
Sisters and Brothers
  We often spend more time with our
sisters and brothers than we do with
anyone else. We also may have
more problems with them than we
have with others. Many of these
problems can be avoided if we:
 Don't tease         
 Don't be sarcastic    
 Don't tattle                
 Showed love
 Helped one another
SOCIAL GRACES IN PUBLIC
 This includes behaviour in the
streets, on the bus, in restaurants, in
church, in theaters, and movie
houses and in school.
 In the streets - Have you ever felt
frustrated when in a hurry and you
could not walk past a group of
people walking across the sidewalk?
When crossing the streets the
gentleman stands on the side of
oncoming vehicles.
On the bus - Time was when men
had to give up their seats for the
ladies. Today, times have changed.
This is no longer the rule. . 
 In the restaurants - Dining out is
one of the "musts" in today's society.
If you are able to dine out graciously,
people will find it a joy to eat with
you.
 When entering the restaurants, the
man precedes the woman and leads
her to a convenient place.
 When there is group of four, the
women are seated on wall seats and
the men on the aisle seats: the men
opposite the women. 
Calling the Waiter
 The usual way is to catch his eye
then raise your hand as if to say
"Come here." If he does not look
your way, you may call "waiter" or
"waitress" quietly. 
Paying the Check
 When everyone has finished, the
host catches the eye of the waiter
and says "Check, please." The
 check is presented face down on a
small plate.    which you are a participant and obviously
Tipping
 It is difficult to give definite rules for
tipping. In the Greater Manila area, a
service charge of 10% is already
added to the bill.
 It is indicated as "SC". If this is done,
then just a small amount is left for
the waiter of you was satisfied with
his service.  door to the host or hostess and to see that
 In the Church - The church is a
place of worship. it is a formal, quiet
place. It is not the place for
socializing, meeting one's friends,
boisterous behaviour and
unnecessary chatting.  2. Business reversal of ordinary
 At the Theater - With a revival of
cultural presentation in the Greater
Manila area, it is imperative that a
person who is studying to have
improved social graces, learn how to
behave and what to wear to these
functions. 
 On arriving at the theater, the host or
hostess holds the tickets in his hand,
so that the usher may see them but
he allows his guests to pass in
ahead of him.    other social situations. Have changed
 At the Movies - Unless you are
attending a movie premier, "casual"
attire is in order. The kind of casual
to wear is determined by the location
of the movie houses.
 Talking, coughing, rattling
cellophane and candy wrappers,
crackling of nuts, etc - are annoying
and disturbing to everyone in the
audience.  entertaining. They require less preparation
INTRODUCTIONS 
Are an important part of good
manners and you must accept the
responsibility and perfect skill of performing
them with a natural ease. Act someone you
know (however slightly) joins a group in
uncomfortable. Even if you do not
remember his or her name, turn to the
newcomer and say, “How nice to see you
again. I’m Maria Cruz. We met at Suzy’s
party.” The newcomer, grateful to be
recognized, will then give his or her  name,
and the rest easy, Never ask, “You don’t
remember me, do you?” Should you bring a
friend to a gathering or meeting, it is your
responsibility to introduce him or her at the
your guest is comfortably introduced
throughout the event.
RULES FOR INTRODUCTION
1. Mentioning name of person you are
honoring first
introduction
3. Acknowledging an introduction
4. Shaking hands
5. Rising for an introduction
6. Introduction oneself 
7. When you incorrectly introduced
    MANNERS AT THE TABLE
Table manners, just like manners in
significantly over the last 15-20 years. The
uncompromising social code has gone
forever and times demand that a fresh
approach to etiquette and good manners
be adopted.
.
COCKTAIL PARTIES
Cocktail parties have become the
most common form of entertaining. And
they are the most popular form of business
and are less expensive than a dinner party. 
TABLE ETIQUETTE
1. Hold knife and fork correctly.
 2. The fork is slipped under the food,
and morsel lifted up and conveyed to
the mouth.
3. Get conservatively-sized bites. Do
not stuff your out with food by taking
bite after bite without chewing.
4. Sit erect at the table.
5. Things eaten with a fork.
6. Things eaten with a fingers.
7. Never used your bread to mop your
plate, nor do you “dunk” your food
your bread in coffee or cocoa.
8. Take soup with a spoon, spooning
away from you.
9. If you drop your silver ware, leave I
there. Apologize briefly; do not make
a scene.
BUSINESS ETIQUETTE
A good point to remember in
business etiquette is everyone should be
treated with equal courtesy and respect.
Times have changed and some of
the old standards no longer apply. Business
etiquette should be a give and take, to help
each other when help is needed and have
consideration for others. Good manners and
business etiquette have always been based
on common sense and thoughtfulness.
Punctuality - Be on time – no one wants to
be kept waiting.
Greeting - when meeting someone, rise if
you are seated, smile, extend your hand
and repeat the others person’s name in your
greeting. A good handshake is important.
Telephone Manners - have a definite
purpose for calling someone because
telephone calls are an intrusion into their
busy day. Voicemail is most efficient if you
leave a concise but detailed message.
Smoking - be aware of smoking policies.
Office Parties - are good opportunities to
improve morale and build good will.
Cultural Courtesy - show appreciation and
respect for the differences between our
country and someone else’s.
Five Key Words - remember five words
that are too often neglected in business.
Please, Thank You, and Well Done.
THE ART OF CONVERSATION
 Auditory impressions are as
important as visual ones. The tones
of a lilting voice are as appealing as
dramatic coloring.
 Your conversation should be
exciting, indicative of interesting
thoughts and opinions.
 The best conversation has sincerity
and kindness.
 Bea good listener –it is the first
requisite for becoming a good
conversationalist.
 The three things you can talk about
are: people, things, and ideas.
 Your main aim is to make others feel
at ease.
 Selflessness is conversation’s
cardinal rule.
 Offer compliments and always
accept one graciously.
TIPS FOR DINING AND BUSINESS
ETIQUETTE
Etiquette is defined as “the forms,
manners, and ceremonies established by
convention as acceptable or required in
social relations, in a profession, or in official
life.”
Times change and his affects the
guidelines of etiquette. Common sense will
typically be your best guide, but it is helpful
to have some general ideas regarding
dining and business etiquette.
DINING ETIQUETTE
It is important to know how to
conduct oneself properly at the table. The
rules of dining etiquette are fairly
straightforward and mostly require common
sense.
Table Setting – It can be very confusing to
be presented with a variety of eating
utensils. Remember the guideline “to start at
the outside and work your way in.”  a good impression.
Napkin – When dining with others, place
your napkin on your lap after everyone at
your table has been seated. Do not open
your napkin in a mid-air. As you remove
your napkin from the table begin to open
below the table level and place on your lap.
Served – Wait for everyone at your table to
be served before beginning to eat.  a spoon.
Dessert – Dessert utensils may be found
placed across the top of the place setting.
Slide the utensils down for use after the
main course is removed.
Passing – Pass “community food” such as
the breadbasket, salt and pepper, and salad
dressing to the right. When passing item
such as creamer, syrup pitcher or gravy
boat, pass it with the handle pointing toward
the recipient.
Bread – Bread/rolls should never be eaten
whole. Break into smaller, more
manageable pieces. Buttering only a few
bites at a time.
Glasses – A variety of types and sizes of
glasses can be used throughout the meal.  manners and therefore are essential to
Finished – When finished with a course
leave your plates in the same position that
they were presented to you.  host unfolds his or her napkin.  This is your
Guest – If you are someone’s guest at a
meal, ask the person what he/she
recommends. By doing this, you will learn
price range guidelines and have an idea of
what to order.
BASIC TABLE MANNERS 
 It is inappropriate to ask for the
doggy bag when you are the guest.
 It is best to order foods that can be
eaten with a knife and fork.
 Do not order alcoholic beverages.
 Do not smoke while dining out.
 Sit up straight at the table. It makes
 When you are not eating, keep your
hands on your lap or resting on the
table.
 Do not season your food before you
have tasted it.
 Never chew with your mouth open or
make loud noises when you eat.
 Do not slurp soap from a soup from
 If foods get caught between your
teeth and you can’t remove it with
your tongue, leave the table and go
to a mirror where you can remove
the food from your teeth private.
 Engage in table conversation that is
pleasant
 You should not leave the table
during the meal except in an
emergency.
 If you need something that you
cannot reach easily, politely ask the
person closest to the item you need
to pass it to you.
Table manner plays an important
part in making a favorable impression. They
are visible signals of the state of our
professional success.
Napkin use – The meal begin when the
signal to do the same. Place your napkin on
your lap, completely unfolded if it’s a small
luncheon napkin, or in half, lengthwise, if it
is a large dinner napkin.
Ordering – If, after looking over the menu,
there are items you are uncertain about, ask
you server any questions is part of the
server’s job.
“Reading” the Table Setting – Should you
be attending a formal dinner or banquet with
a pre-set place setting, it is possible to gain
clues about what may be served by
“reading” the place setting.
Use of Silverware – Choosing the correct
silverware from the variety in front of you is
not as difficult as it may first appear.
Starting with the knife, fork, or spoon that is
farthest from your plate, work your way in,
using one utensil for each course.

When You Have Finished – Do not push

your plate away from your when you have
finished eating. Leave your plate where it is
in the place setting. The common way to
show that you have finished your meal is to
lay your fork and knife diagonally across
your plate.