Name _____________________ Date Performed________________

Course & Year ______________ Date Due ____________________

Rating _______________________

ACTIVITY NO. 4
Castration, Tail Docking, Ear Notching and Teeth Clipping

I. INTRODUCTION

Customarily male piglets not intended for breeding should be castrated.

Castration is best done when piglets are 2-4 weeks old. Older animals are more
shock-prone to castration. It is favorable to castrate early in the morning to minimize
bleeding and avoid exciting the piglets before and after castration.

There are two ways of castration: First is the surgical method involves the cup
and the slit method. The cap method is done by cutting off horizontally the tip of the
scrotal sac. The slit method is done by making two vertical incisions near the tip of
the scrotal sac or just one vertical incision in between the two testicles. In either
method, press out the testicles through the opening or incision(s). Then gradually
pull them out either at the same time or one at a time until the spermatic cord breaks.
(MBRLC, 1997) The second method is the non-surgical method using the burdizzo
pincer by crushing the spermatic cord. Please see pictures below:

Photo Courtesy from: (MBRLC, 1997)

II. LEARNING OBJECTIVES

1. At the end of the activity, the student should be able to acquire skills in
castration of pig.
2. The students should be able to enumerate the materials needed and their
usage.

III. MATERIALS

A.1. Laboratory Manual

2. Forceps
3. Scalpel or blade
4. Surgical Needle and Thread
5. Antiseptics (Tincture of iodine or betadine, combinex spray )
6. Antibiotic (Terra LA Injectibles, Amoxicillin)
7. Cautery Iron
8. Burdizzo

B. Stocks : Piglets

IV. LEARNING ACTIVITIES

On the field/station, the instructor will conduct orientation and demonstration

regarding the actual castration and other activities. Allow student volunteer to
performed the actual castration in a case of limited number of specimen; if in case
the specimen warrants, then every student should performed castration.

Steps in Castration: ( hog)

1. _________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________

3. _________________________________________________________________

4. _________________________________________________________________

5. ________________________________________________________________

6. ________________________________________________________________

V. QUESTION TO ANSWER
1. What is Castration ?
______________________________________________________________

2. Why do castration is one of the management practices in the farm ?

______________________________________________________________

3. What are the restrictions after castration have been done?

_____________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

4. What is emasculator and its uses ?

______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

VI. ASSESSMENT METHOD

Actual Performance/Oral Exam

Name _____________________ Date Performed________________

Course & Year ______________ Date Due ____________________
Rating _______________________

ACTIVITY NO. 5
Semen Collection and Artificial Insemination

I. INTRODUCTION

In big commercial hog breeder farm, a boar is blood tested for brucellosis
and leptospirosis before it is introduce in the farm. These diseases causes abortion
and the birth of weak or dead piglets. A new boar should be subjected to fertility
check before breeding. This can be done by evaluating his semen.:

1. Color : In normal condition, boar’s semen is creamy white but the color may vary
from grayish to milky white.

2. Concentration: The semen should contain no less than 200 million sperm cells
per milliliter.

3. Motility : Semen having a motility reading of 75% or higher and a sperm cell
moving forward is desirable.

4. Volume: The total volume of semen in a single ejaculation may vary from 100 ml
to 300 ml or on the average of 200 ml depending on the age of the boar and the
frequency of semen extraction.

Note: Boar’s fertility and breeding efficiency is measured from his actual performance
in serving 4 to 6 sows of excellent productive performance. (Dagoon, 2000)

The breeding load of a boar of any age should be properly regulated to cope
with his physiological capacity to produce adequate supply of highly viable sperm
cell. Excessive extraction of semen may lead to partial sterility or complete loss of
fertility.

Boar that has been idle be discarded by allowing him to serve more than one
females that are due for slaughter. Over used boar should be injected with Vitamin
A, D, E at a dose of 1-2 ml per animal plus proper feeding. In natural mating, a boar
to sow ration of 1:25-30 is recommended (Dagoon)

Artificial Insemination is a process of inducing fertilization in the female

reproductive tract without the benefit of sexual contact between the male and female
of the species. It involves the collection of semen from a boar and then the
introduction of semen into a sow or gilt by means of a catheter. It is the process of
extending the merit of superior animals.
 Component of Technologies in AI

1. Boar selection and evaluation 5. Estrus detection

2. Semen collection 6. Procedure of Insemination
3. Semen evaluation 7. Breeding performance
evaluation
4. Semen processing and evaluation

II. LEARNING OBJECTIVES

At the end of the activity, the students::

1. Should be able to demonstrate the proper technique in extracting semen from the
boar which include semen processing and viability identification..

2. Should introduce the semen to an in heat sow or gilt.

III. MATERIALS

1. Catheter (maybe provided by the owner of the boar)

2. AI kit (maybe provided by the owner of the boar )
3. Laboratory manual

IV. LEARNING ACTIVITIES

The class will be attending actual collection of semen from a boar and the
introduction of semen to the sow.. They will be observing the process.

STEPS IN SEMEN EXTRACTION

 PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES IN THE TRANSPORT OF SEMEN FOR
INSEMENATION

PROCEDURE IN THE INTRODUCTION OF SEMEN TO THE SOW OR GILT

V. QUESTION TO ANSWER
1. How to ensure quality semen from boar extraction ?
__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

1. When is the best time to inseminate sow ?

.

VI. Assessment Method.